2017-2021年广东中考英语真题分类汇编之阅读理解（含答案）

这是一份2017-2021年广东中考英语真题分类汇编之阅读理解（含答案），共60页。

2017-2021年广东中考英语真题分类汇编之阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共12小题）
1．（2021•广州）The top﹣selling album （唱片），Songs of the Humpback Whale，was made public in 1970.This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales，and it helped save thousands of whales' lives.
The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington.In the 1960s，Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange，deep sounds.He realized they were coming from whales.Watlington played the recordings for a pair of scientists named Roger and Katy Payne.When they listened，they fell in love with these beautiful voices at once.
Katy Payne studied music as well as animals，and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera （歌剧） singer.She also noticed another interesting fact：the sounds had clear patterns.According to scientists，an animal sound with a repeating pattern is called a song.Some scientists even compared these singing animals to musicians.
The Paynes thought that other people should also hear the beauty of the whales' songs.So Roger made the recordings into an album.At the time when the album came out，whales were often caught，killed and traded for money.Some kinds were even in danger of dying out.Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs.But after hearing the album，they began to think differently.
The album led people to take action to save whales.Musicians began using whale songs in their music，and whales were included in movies and television shows.In 1982，a ban to stop deep﹣sea whaling was made.Before it，in the 1950s and 1960s，more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed.After it，the number went down below two thousand.
It might seem impossible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales.But this album told people secrets about whales that had long been hidden under the sea.It allowed whales to finally share their songs with the human world.

（1）What is the purpose of the passage？
A.To call on people to save whales.
B.To tell how a good album was made.
C.To show that whales are born singers.
D.To introduce an album and its stories.
（2）Who first found the special voices of the whales？
A.A song recorder.
B.An opera singer.
C.A sound engineer.
D.An animal scientist.
（3）What fact about the whales surprised Katy Payne？
A.They could talk with scientists.
B.They could sing like an opera singer.
C.They could repeat interesting sounds.
D.They could communicate through songs.
（4）Which is one of the values of the album？
A.It successfully stopped deep﹣sea whaling.
B.It helped people understand whales better.
C.It made some music and movie stars popular.
D.It encouraged musicians to work with scientists.

2．（2021•广州）Amy walked toward Miss Brown's backyard，where she was planting roses.Last week，Amy and her parents just moved into the house next door.
The old woman looked up， "Why the long face，Amy？"
"There aren't any kids around to play with，" said Amy. "I have nothing to do."
Miss Brown smiled， "You sound just like a girl who used to live here."
"Really？Who？"
"Her name is Rachel，" said Miss Brown."Too bad you two young girls couldn't have lived here at the same time."
"What did Rachel do when she was bored？" asked Amy.
"She planted a flower garden，" answered Miss Brown.
Amy looked at Miss Brown's roses. "Could I，too？"
Miss Brown handed Amy some tools and roses. "This will get you started."
"Thanks，" said Amy.
Amy worked hard the whole afternoon in her garden.When she saw the lovely roses planted，she smiled.Still，it was too bad that Rachel wasn't there.
The next day，Amy watered her roses and walked to Miss Brown's backyard，where she sat reading. "What else did Rachel do？" asked Amy.
"She wrote poems in her flower garden，" Miss Brown answered. "One of her poems even won a prize in a school competition."
Amy closed her eyes."How good it would feel，but I don't know how to write poems，" she said.Miss Brown smiled， "The best way is to read poems first." She handed Amy her book. "Thanks，" said Amy.
Amy lay on her stomach next to her roses and read.Then she started to write.That night she had a poem that might not be a prize winner but sounded good enough.Still，it was too bad that Rachel wasn't there.
The third day，Amy watered her flowers，wrote a new poem，and then walked to Miss Brown again."What else did Rachel do？" asked Amy， "She played in the attic （阁楼）.Come with me，" Miss Brown invited. "Thanks!" said Amy.
"Make yourself at home，" Miss Brown said and left Amy to search alone there.Then Amy found a trophy （奖杯） with these words ﹣﹣﹣ First Prize in Poetry，Rachel Brown，1937.
Slowly，a smile spread across her face.Amy ran back to Miss Brown， "I wonder if Rachel would like to write poems in my flower garden." Miss Brown smiled， "I think she would love to."

（1）Why was Amy unhappy at first？
A.She couldn't meet Rachel.
B.She didn't like the new house.
C.She didn't have any friends there.
D.She was left alone to Miss Brown.
（2）What did Miss Brown do to help Amy？
A.She told Amy to stay alone.
B.She worked and read with Amy.
C.She showed Rachel's poems to Amy.
D.She suggested some activities to Amy.
（3）What did Amy find out about Rachel in the attic？
A.Who she really is.
B.Her secret hobby.
C.How old she is now.
D.Her prize winning poem.
（4）Which is the main lesson of the story？
A.Having shared interests is important to a real friendship.
B.Working in the garden is the best way to fight loneliness.
C.Parents should think twice before moving to a new place.
D.It is difficult for children to make friends with grown﹣ups.
3．（2021•广东）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura's country each year .That is about 30% of the yearly food supply （ 供 应 ）.It is a sad fact，especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day，she came up with an idea.She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away on uneaten food to homeless shelters （ 庇 护 所 ） in her community.In the past three years，the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city.The project is called Feet & find，and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work？Through an app，Feed & Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide.When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left，they can use the app to share the Information about the food.A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool，right？It's not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura，hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities.
Some people，however，have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food.They think such food may not be clean enough.Still，this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.

（1）The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us .
A.some people are poor
B.food waste is serious
C.the population is large
D.the research is interesting.
（2）Laura's project first got food from .
A.her school dining hall
B.her family
C.a fast food restaurant
D.homeless shelter
（3）People in other cities would like Laura to .
A.find a truck driver
B.visit their communities
C.give away food to them
D.help develop projects like hers
（4）The underlined words "concerns" in this passage means .
A.ways
B.secrets
C.worries
D.decisions.
（5）Which can be the best title for this passage？
A.A Dining Guide App
B.A Food Sharing Project
C.A Driving Service APP
D.A Food Safety Project.
4．（2021•深圳）Can plants talk？Modern research has found something amazing：they do communicate with each other.
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects.The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten.This is like a warning，or a call for help："I'm being attacked!"When another plant gets the chemicals，it starts to give out its own，different chemicals.Some of these chemicals drive insects away.Others attract the wasps （黄蜂；蜜蜂）!The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants.Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system，so that we can use it to grow more crops.
More surprisingly，plants also use sound to communicate.People can't hear these sounds，but plants are making them.Some plants make noises with their roots.Corn and chili plants do this.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.
Most surprisingly of all，plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi （霉菌）.It links the roots of different plants to each other.It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.Using the wood wide web，plants can share information and even food with each other.However，it may lead to bad effects.Plants may use it to steal food from each other，or spread chemicals to attack other plants.Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves.

（1）What will plants do when they are attacked by insects？
A.They will kill the insects by themselves.
B.They will control the wasps to kill the insects.
C.They will send out signals to ask for help.
D.They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help.
（2）How are the wood wide web linked by fungi？
A.By making noises with their roots.
B.By connecting the roots of different plants to each other.
C.By sharing food and information with each other.
D.By spreading chemicals to each other.
（3）What is the writer's intention of the last paragraph？
A.To give people hope for further studies.
B.To praise scientists for their great achievements.
C.To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.
D.To inspire people to communicate with plants.
（4）What is the structure of the passage？
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）Which is the best title for the passage？
A.The Secret Language of Plants
B.The Study about the Plant Warning System
C.The Plants that Give Warnings
D.Why Scientists Do Research about Plants
5．（2021•深圳）When I was a girl growing up，I cannot once ever remember either my mum or my grandma wasting food.
Anything we didn't eat at one meal was leftovers（剩菜）.I can remember my grandma making a huge pot of potatoes.We would all eat until we were full enough，but there were always about half of the potatoes leftover.A few days later，Grandma would take those potatoes out of the fridge，boil some noodles，add some vegetables and mix them all together.And I also remember when I watched my mum fry bacon （煎培根）for us in the mornings，she would always take the oil carefully and pour it into a bottle.Then she would use it later to add flavor to so many other dishes.I was an adult before I realized that potatoes didn't actually taste like bacon!
I learned their lessons well，and after I grew up，I tried to never waste food myself.I always planned the week's meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping list so that nothing went to waste.Every meal went into our stomachs and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself my boys，my husband or my dogs.To me，throwing food into the bin was just wrong.
However，when it comes to living，there are no leftovers.Life is just like a feast.Each moment that you don't live is lost forever.Life cannot be saved or stored.Each day is a fresh beginning.Live each moment of your life to the fullest，then.

（1）The writer's grandma used the leftover potatoes to .
A.mix with noodles
B.boil some vegetables
C.fry bacon
D.throw away
（2）Why did the potatoes cooked by the writer's mum taste like bacon？
A.Because she mixed the bacon with potatoes.
B.Because she put potatoes into the containers.
C.Because she was good at cooking.
D.Because she poured the bacon oil into potatoes.
（3）According to the passage，how did the writer save food in her way？
A.By shopping ahead of time.
B.By throwing it into the litter bin.
C.By following her mother's shopping list.
D.By planning the next week's food.
（4）What does the underlined word " feast" in the last paragraph probably mean？
A.Sweat dream.
B.Large meal.
C.Happy story.
D.Beautiful picture.
（5）What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？
A.It is never too old to learn.
B.Eat to live，but not live to eat.
C.Neither food nor life should be wasted.
D.There is no such thing as a free lunch.
6．（2021•广东）Welcome to Manor Farm U﹣pick Activities.
We are known for our delicious strawberries.We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great forming experiences.We'll try our best to create a safe open﹣air environment for our customers under the circumstances （ 情 况 ） of COVID﹣19 this year.Please read the instructions below.
To pick the strawberries，you need to make a reservation （预约） on our website.Reservations are open from 13：00 to 20：00 the day before the picking day.
Please don't come to the farm if you are sick.
On the farm，you need to stay at least two meters away from anyone you don't live with.For safety，you must use our new baskets only.A basket alone costs 5 yuan.It holds about 2 kg of strawberries and a basket of strawberries is priced at 50 yuan in total.
If children come，they MUST stay close to their parents.Running up and down the strawberry rows will NOT be allowed.Our workers will tell them where to start picking and the children should listen.We hope children will follow our safety rules in our fields.
No pets are allowed on the farm.
Any questions，please call us at 906﹣256﹣523.

（1）If you go to the farm on August 8th，you can make a reservation at .
A.10：00 on August 6th
B.10：00 on August 7th
C.14：00 on August 6th
D.14：00 on August 7th
（2）The farm provides new baskets .
A.to cut down the cost
B.to protect the environment
C.to keep customers safe
D.to carry more strawberries
（3）On the farm，children are asked to .
A.plant some strawberries
B.run along the rows
C.stay close to their parents
D.look after their pets
（4）For more information，you can .
A.write an email
B.make a phone call
C.send a voice message
D.watch news on TV
（5）The instructions are most probably from .
A.a farm owner
B.a teacher
C.a news reporter
D.a customer

7．（2021•深圳）Shashiyu was once a poor village in Hebei Province，but now it has changed into a rich and livable place.
In the 1940s，villagers in Shashiyu had little food and few clothes，but they had a strong wish for a better life.Zhang Guishun，the Party secretary of Shashiyu，encouraged his villagers to do their best to pull themselves out of poverty. "In the ancient Chinese story，Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work，why can't we？Nobody was born to be poor？" Hearing his words，the villagers decided to make a difference.
Led by the Communist Party of China（中国共产党），the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land.From 1966 to1971，they reclaimed（开垦）lots of land and greatly improved their life.
However，the village encountered a new problem two decades later as the environment became heavily polluted by chemical plants and mine refineries built in 1990s.
The polluting factories were shut down in 2004，and villagers started grape cultivation，which soon became a main industry in Shashiyu.
In 2009，the city﹣level government invested over 1 million yuan（＄152，723）to change the village's exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier generations.
After 10 years，the village was called "National Forest Village".
Zhang said that the village started a yearly tourism festival in 2015 to attract travelers to pick grapes. "The grapes could be sold at a better price once Shashiyu becomes famous through this festival.Our villagers can then live even better lives， "he said.

（1）Why did Zhang Guishun use the story of Yu Gong to encourage the villagers？
A.Because Yu Gong had strong will and hard work.
B.Because Yu Gong was born poor too.
C.Because the villagers worshiped Yu Gong.
D.Because Yu Gong became rich at last.
（2）From 1966 to 1971，what did the villagers do to improve their living situation？
A.They planted grapes to earn money.
B.They carried water and soil to their village to improve their lands.
C.They moved to another place to live a better life.
D.They built a lot of factories.
（3）Which word can be used to describe the villagers？
A.Hard﹣working.
B.Lazy.
C.Kind﹣hearted.
D.Stupid.
（4）When was Shashiyu called "National Forest Village"？
A.In 2009.
B.In 2004.
C.In 2015.
D.In 2019.
（5）Where can you probably read the passage？
A.In a storybook.
B.In a newspaper.
C.In a sports magazine.
D.In a science book.
8．（2020•广州）
Five interesting sports
Our most unusual sports from around the world
Every country has a national sport and some popular sports are now played across the world．
However，in most countries，people also play unusual sports，with strange or interesting rules．Here are our top five unusual sports from around the planet．
Man Vs．Horse Marathon
This race takes place in a small town in Wales，about 200 miles from London．It's called a marathon （马拉松），but it's actually 35.4 km，not 42.2 km like a usual marathon．People race against horses across the hills and mountains．It started in 1981，but a human did not win until 2004．
Camel Wrestling
In Turkey，camel （骆驼） wrestling is a very old sport．The largest camel wrestling competition takes place every year and thousands of people come．In the sport，two camels fight against each other．Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds，which can be dangerous．
Dragon Boat Racing
Every year in China，thousands of people watch dragon boat races．A dragon boat is a traditional Chinese boat with a painted dragon's head on one end．There can be up to 36 people or more racing in each boat in the water．Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries．
Caber Toss
In this sport，players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can．There is no rule about the size of the caber，but it's usually the size of a small tree．It's an ancient Scottish sport．Visitors to the UK can check it out．
Chess Boxing
A good chess boxer needs to be both strong and smart．Players play a round of chess，followed by a round of boxing．There are eleven rounds in total．Chess boxing was invented in 1992 by an English comic book writer．The sport is more popular in England and Germany．
（1）What can we learn about Man Vs．Horse Marathon？
A．It is an outdoor sport．
B．It first appeared 16 years ago．
C．No human has ever won the game．
D．It follows the rules of a usual marathon．
（2）Which of the following is mentioned about Camel Wrestling？
A．It should be stopped．
B．It's worth seeing．
C．It's unfair to the animals．
D．It's sometimes dangerous to watch．
（3）Which picture best describes Caber Toss？

（4）Which sport is popular in Asia？
A．Man Vs．Horse Marathon．
B．Dragon Boat Racing．
C．Caber Toss．
D．Chess Boxing．
（5）How many sports have animals as players？
A．1．
B．2．
C．3．
D．4．
9．（2020•广州） What will astronauts （宇航员） eat when a space trip takes years？
"Lots of fresh vegetables，" says Dr．Janet Williams，whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station．And it's a good thing that she has already started her work，because space gardening can be really hard．
As usual，astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room．He had planted Dr．Williams's quick﹣growing seedlings in it，but none of the stems were showing．He opened the room to check and found the problem．The stems weren't growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward．On Earth，gravity （重力） helps a plant's stems and roots to find"up" and"down"．However，in the space station，there was almost no gravity．
Dr．Williams suggested a solution：give the plants more light，as plants also use sunlight to find their way．And it worked．When the plants had more light，the stems turned up and the roots went down．
Now Dr．Williams was free to worry about the next problem：Would her baby plants live to flower？Can we grow food on a space journey？
Many plants died in the space station．Dr．Williams thought she knew why：the space plants were hungry for air．Plants live by taking up CO2 from the air．Since a plant uses it up in the air around，the plant needs moving air to bring more CO2 close to its surface．On Earth，the air is always moving．Gravity pulls down cold air，and warm air rises．And with these air movements，plants get enough CO2．
Many earlier experiments with plants in space hard used closed rooms．Dr Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move．The plants loved it．They flowered and even produced more seeds．Using Dr．Williams's method，astronaut George completed the first seed﹣to﹣seed experiment in space，and moved one plant closer to a garden in space．
"And this，" says Dr．Williams，"is good news for long﹣term space travel．"

（1）Why have Dr．Williams's team tried to grow plants in space？
A．To produce fresh air for astronauts．
B．To help astronauts relax themselves．
C．To provide food for long space journeys．
D．To make the space garden more beautiful．
（2）How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A．It caused the gravity to change．
B．It encouraged the plants to grow faster．
C．It helped the plants to grow in the right direction．
D．It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables．
（3）Why did many plants die in the space station？
A．The light was too strong．
B．There was too much CO2．
C．There was not enough room to grow．
D．The air condition was not good enough．
（4）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 7 refers to ．
A．the moving air
B．the closed room
C．the space journey
D．the space garden
（5）What can we learn about Dr．Williams's team from the passage？
A．They mainly live on fresh vegetables．
B．They have successfully built a space garden．
C．They invented a special fan for their greenhouse．
D．They have worked on space gardening for many years．

10．（2020•广州）How would you like to build a time machine？Paper，sticks，glue and string are all you need．Put them together to build a kite．A kite connects you to the past．
No one knows who flew the first kite．It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia．Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish．Starting 2.000 years ago，Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth．
In China，people also used kites during wartime．One Chinese story tells how soldiers put，noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp．The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away．
About 1300 years ago，Chinese travelers took kites to Japan．Soon kites filled in the skies there．Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago．During floods，Thai farmers flew kites over their fields．They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain．Over time，kites flew their way out of Asia．Today，kites are a passion all over the world．Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun．
Over the years，Kites have also helped people understand the natural world．In 1749，for example，thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures．In 1906，cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco，California after an earthquake．The photos helped people plan what to do．
Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes．The Wright brothers studied how kites flew，which helped them make the first successful airplane．
Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air，people have loved flying kites．Kites give us ways to celebrate，relax and explore．So go fly a kite!Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries．

（1）According to the passage，in which countries were kites used to make good wishes？
A．China and Japan．
B．China and Thailand．
C．Japan and Indonesia．
D．Thailand and Indonesia．
（2）According to the Chinese story，the army used kites to ．
A．make the enemies leave in fear
B．celebrate victories during wartime
C．stop the enemies from sleeping well
D．carry soldiers to fight against the enemies
（3）The underlined word "passion" in Paragraph 4 means ．
A．strong love
B．useful machine
C．happy dream
D．common treasure
（4）How does the writer develop Paragraph 5？
A．By telling stories．
B．By listing numbers．
C．By comparing facts．
D．By giving examples．
（5）What's the purpose of this passage？
A．To show people how to fly kites．
B．To explain bow kites are used in science．
C．To introduce the roles of kites in history．
D．To discuss the difference among kites worldwide．
11．（2020•深圳）The Taojinshan Greenway （绿道） in Shenzhen has been open to citizens since July，2019．Sitting at the west side of Shenzhen Reservoir，it is as long as 7.07 kilometers．
With plants along both sides and lakes lying at different sites，tourists can enjoy wonderful scenery all the way．If they are tired，they are free to take a rest at the 3 stops that were built for breaks．Additionally，five unused guard posts （岗亭） along the old route have remained．Theyserve as sightseeing platforms for visitors to feel the cultural spirit behind the place．
Of all its 13 scenic spots，8 were designed to have AI helpers．From them，visitors can gain information on parking，tour guide services and more．The smart greenway，with free Wi﹣Fi available，also provides environmental data，such as temperature，wind speed and air quality．What's more，it can give visitors warnings of coming extreme （ 极端的） weather and natural disasters，including rainstorms and typhoons that may hit Shenzhen．
"Started in the middle of 2015，the building process of the Taojinshan Greenway has taken good care of the wildlife and environment nearby" said Yang Shiming，an official in charge of the project．"
The greenway is an example of construction projects without doing harm to the nature．It also shows the role that technology plays in building a smart greenway for more life convenience．"

（1）How long did it take to finish the Taojinshan Greenway？
A．About 3 years．
B．About 4 years．
C．About 5 years．
D．About 6 years．
（2）What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A．Views．
B．Visitors．
C．Stops．
D．Guard posts．
（3）What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？
A．What AI helpers do．
B．Technology changes life．
C．How AI helpers work．
D．Technology protects humans．
（4）What can we learn from this passage？
A．It is interesting to use AI helpers．
B．It is important to build greenways．
C．It is possible to balance nature and construction．
D．It is unnecessary to worry about terrible weather．
12．（2020•广州）"Amy!Milk!" Mama called．
Milk．It was Amy's turn to get it．Amy sighed and shut her first﹣aid （急救） book．
Amy tied the cow close to a tree．Somewhere down the mountain，some volunteer doctors were teaching medical skills to village nurses．Amy heard Betty drive off hours ago．"She should have taken me with her．She thinks I'm too young，"Amy thought． "But she's wrong．I am already 15!"
Amy carried the milk back to Mama，then wandered up the road．Roy，a village boy，was trying to stand on a horse's back．"No wonder they don't trust kids with anything important，"Amy thought．
She had just turned away when she heard a heavy fall and a few cries．Roy was on the ground．"Roy!" The kids nearby ran towards him． "Get Betty，" one said．Amy shook her head．"Betty's gone to the city．"
The kids didn't know what to do．Amy ran to Roy and saw one of his legs out of shape．A broken leg!She remembered what the first﹣aid book said about it．
"Victor!" Amy called to one of the boys．"Go get Roy's mama，and find someone with a truck．"She turned to the others．"Give me your shirts．We need something to tie his leg with．"
Amy then found a strong，straight stick．She carefully wrapped the shirts around Roy's leg and the stick．Roy cried out in pain．"I know it hurts，" Amy said softly．"But this will hold it still until you get to the hospital．"
When Amy was done，she looked up and saw Roy's mama and a man watching beside a truck．"Thank you，Amy，" Roy's mama said．Amy helped them lift Roy into the truck，then they drove down the hillside towards the hospital．
The next day，Betty came to Amy's home．"I heard what you did，" Betty said．"You kept your head in an emergency．That's an important skill．"
Amy's face turned red．"I was afraid …"
Betty shook her head．"It's OK for a nurse to be afraid，as long as she has a clear head．The volunteer doctors are coming tomorrow with vaccines．We need some more hands．Can you help？"
"I'd love to．" Amy replied at once．
"Come early，then．There is a lot to learn．"
Amy smiled．"I'll bring my first﹣aid book．"

（1）Why didn't Betty take Amy with her to the medical training？
A．Amy was busy reading．
B．Amy had to milk the cow．
C．Betty left too early in the morning．
D．Betty thought Amy wasn't old enough．
（2）What happened to Roy？
A．He fell off the horseback．
B．He was kicked by the horse．
C．He successfully stood on the horseback．
D．He was pulled off the horseback by the kids．
（3）What is the correct order of Amy's first﹣aid actions？
a．She found a proper stick．
b．She helped lift Roy into the truck．
C．She asked the boys for some shirts．
d．She tied the shirts around the broken leg．
e．She sent someone to get Roy's mum and a truck．
A．c﹣e﹣a﹣b﹣d
B．a﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣b
C．e﹣c﹣a﹣d﹣b
D．e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d
（4）Why did Betty invite Amy to help the doctors in the end？
A．Amy had similar experiences before．
B．Amy was cool﹣headed when giving first﹣aid．
C．Betty regretted not taking Amy to the training．
D．Betty realized that Amy had become a good doctor．
（5）Which sentence best describes a lesson from the story？
A．Only trained doctors and nurses can provide first﹣aid．
B．Knowledge from books can help solve real﹣life problems．
C．Children need enough practice before they can be helpful．
D．Helping with housework is important to children's health．

2017-2021年广东中考英语真题分类汇编之阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共12小题）
1．（2021•广州）The top﹣selling album （唱片），Songs of the Humpback Whale，was made public in 1970.This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales，and it helped save thousands of whales' lives.
The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington.In the 1960s，Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange，deep sounds.He realized they were coming from whales.Watlington played the recordings for a pair of scientists named Roger and Katy Payne.When they listened，they fell in love with these beautiful voices at once.
Katy Payne studied music as well as animals，and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera （歌剧） singer.She also noticed another interesting fact：the sounds had clear patterns.According to scientists，an animal sound with a repeating pattern is called a song.Some scientists even compared these singing animals to musicians.
The Paynes thought that other people should also hear the beauty of the whales' songs.So Roger made the recordings into an album.At the time when the album came out，whales were often caught，killed and traded for money.Some kinds were even in danger of dying out.Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs.But after hearing the album，they began to think differently.
The album led people to take action to save whales.Musicians began using whale songs in their music，and whales were included in movies and television shows.In 1982，a ban to stop deep﹣sea whaling was made.Before it，in the 1950s and 1960s，more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed.After it，the number went down below two thousand.
It might seem impossible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales.But this album told people secrets about whales that had long been hidden under the sea.It allowed whales to finally share their songs with the human world.

（1）What is the purpose of the passage？ D
A.To call on people to save whales.
B.To tell how a good album was made.
C.To show that whales are born singers.
D.To introduce an album and its stories.
（2）Who first found the special voices of the whales？ C
A.A song recorder.
B.An opera singer.
C.A sound engineer.
D.An animal scientist.
（3）What fact about the whales surprised Katy Payne？ D
A.They could talk with scientists.
B.They could sing like an opera singer.
C.They could repeat interesting sounds.
D.They could communicate through songs.
（4）Which is one of the values of the album？ A
A.It successfully stopped deep﹣sea whaling.
B.It helped people understand whales better.
C.It made some music and movie stars popular.
D.It encouraged musicians to work with scientists.

【考点】文学作品类阅读．
【分析】本文主要讲了一个有关鲸鱼的唱片帮助拯救了很多鲸鱼的故事。
【解答】（1）D.主旨大意题。根据第一段The top﹣selling album （唱片），Songs of the Humpback Whale，was made public in 1970.最畅销的唱片《座头鲸之歌》于1970年发行。可知本文主要讲了这个唱片和有关它的故事。故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington.In the 1960s，Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange，deep sounds.He realized they were coming from whales.如果没有一位名叫弗兰克•沃特灵顿的音响工程师，这张唱片可能永远也制作不出来，20世纪60年代，沃特灵顿在水下录音时注意到一些奇怪的低沉声音。他意识到它们来自鲸鱼，可知首先发现鲸鱼的特殊声音的是弗兰克•沃特灵顿，故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Katy Payne studied music as well as animals，and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera （歌剧） singer.凯蒂•佩恩不仅研究动物，还研究音乐。她对鲸鱼如何像歌剧演员一样用歌声交流感到非常惊讶，可知让她惊讶的是鲸鱼通过歌声交流，故选D。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据第五段The album led people to take action to save whales.In 1982，a ban to stop deep﹣sea whaling was made.这张唱片引导人们采取行动拯救鲸鱼，在1982年，一个停止深海捕鲸的禁令颁发了，可知这张唱片成功地阻止了深海捕鲸，故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
2．（2021•广州）Amy walked toward Miss Brown's backyard，where she was planting roses.Last week，Amy and her parents just moved into the house next door.
The old woman looked up， "Why the long face，Amy？"
"There aren't any kids around to play with，" said Amy. "I have nothing to do."
Miss Brown smiled， "You sound just like a girl who used to live here."
"Really？Who？"
"Her name is Rachel，" said Miss Brown."Too bad you two young girls couldn't have lived here at the same time."
"What did Rachel do when she was bored？" asked Amy.
"She planted a flower garden，" answered Miss Brown.
Amy looked at Miss Brown's roses. "Could I，too？"
Miss Brown handed Amy some tools and roses. "This will get you started."
"Thanks，" said Amy.
Amy worked hard the whole afternoon in her garden.When she saw the lovely roses planted，she smiled.Still，it was too bad that Rachel wasn't there.
The next day，Amy watered her roses and walked to Miss Brown's backyard，where she sat reading. "What else did Rachel do？" asked Amy.
"She wrote poems in her flower garden，" Miss Brown answered. "One of her poems even won a prize in a school competition."
Amy closed her eyes."How good it would feel，but I don't know how to write poems，" she said.Miss Brown smiled， "The best way is to read poems first." She handed Amy her book. "Thanks，" said Amy.
Amy lay on her stomach next to her roses and read.Then she started to write.That night she had a poem that might not be a prize winner but sounded good enough.Still，it was too bad that Rachel wasn't there.
The third day，Amy watered her flowers，wrote a new poem，and then walked to Miss Brown again."What else did Rachel do？" asked Amy， "She played in the attic （阁楼）.Come with me，" Miss Brown invited. "Thanks!" said Amy.
"Make yourself at home，" Miss Brown said and left Amy to search alone there.Then Amy found a trophy （奖杯） with these words ﹣﹣﹣ First Prize in Poetry，Rachel Brown，1937.
Slowly，a smile spread across her face.Amy ran back to Miss Brown， "I wonder if Rachel would like to write poems in my flower garden." Miss Brown smiled， "I think she would love to."

（1）Why was Amy unhappy at first？ C
A.She couldn't meet Rachel.
B.She didn't like the new house.
C.She didn't have any friends there.
D.She was left alone to Miss Brown.
（2）What did Miss Brown do to help Amy？ D
A.She told Amy to stay alone.
B.She worked and read with Amy.
C.She showed Rachel's poems to Amy.
D.She suggested some activities to Amy.
（3）What did Amy find out about Rachel in the attic？ A
A.Who she really is.
B.Her secret hobby.
C.How old she is now.
D.Her prize winning poem.
（4）Which is the main lesson of the story？ A
A.Having shared interests is important to a real friendship.
B.Working in the garden is the best way to fight loneliness.
C.Parents should think twice before moving to a new place.
D.It is difficult for children to make friends with grown﹣ups.
【考点】人物故事类阅读．
【分析】本文主要讲述了女孩艾米和布朗女士之间的故事。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据 "There aren't any kids around to play with，" said Amy. "I have nothing to do."可知"周围没有孩子和我玩，"艾米说："我无事可做。"因此可知艾米为什么一开始不高兴因为她在那里没有任何朋友。故选C。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据 "She planted a flower garden，" answered Miss Brown.Amy looked at Miss Brown's roses. "Could I，too？"Miss Brown handed Amy some tools and roses. "This will get you started.""她种了一个花园，"布朗小姐回答。艾米看着布朗小姐的玫瑰花。"我也可以吗？"布朗小姐递给艾米一些工具和玫瑰。"这会帮助你开始。"Miss Brown smiled， "The best way is to read poems first." She handed Amy her book. "Thanks，" said Amy.布朗小姐笑了，"最好的办法是先读诗。"她把书递给艾米。因此可知布朗小姐给无聊的艾米推荐了一些活动来做。故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据Then Amy found a trophy （奖杯） with these words ﹣﹣﹣ First Prize in Poetry，Rachel Brown，1937.可知然后艾米找到了一个奖杯，上面有一些字——诗歌一等奖，瑞秋•布朗，1937年。根据姓名以及时间推断，可知艾米发现了瑞秋就是布朗。故选A。
（4）A.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据 The old woman looked up， "Why the long face，Amy？" "There aren't any kids around to play with，" said Amy. "I have nothing to do." 老妇人抬起头来，"艾米，为什么脸这么长？""周围没有孩子和我玩，"艾米说："我无事可做"以及Slowly，a smile spread across her face.Amy ran back to Miss Brown， "I wonder if Rachel would like to write poems in my flower garden." Miss Brown smiled， "I think she would love to."慢慢地，她的脸上绽放出笑容。艾米跑回布朗小姐身边，"我不知道瑞秋是否愿意在我的花园里写诗。"布朗小姐笑了，"我想她会喜欢的。"以及结合全文可知，本文主要通过艾米和布朗女士之间的故事告诉我们拥有共同的兴趣对真正的友谊很重要。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
3．（2021•广东）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura's country each year .That is about 30% of the yearly food supply （ 供 应 ）.It is a sad fact，especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day，she came up with an idea.She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away on uneaten food to homeless shelters （ 庇 护 所 ） in her community.In the past three years，the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city.The project is called Feet & find，and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work？Through an app，Feed & Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide.When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left，they can use the app to share the Information about the food.A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool，right？It's not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura，hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities.
Some people，however，have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food.They think such food may not be clean enough.Still，this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.

（1）The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us B .
A.some people are poor
B.food waste is serious
C.the population is large
D.the research is interesting.
（2）Laura's project first got food from A .
A.her school dining hall
B.her family
C.a fast food restaurant
D.homeless shelter
（3）People in other cities would like Laura to D .
A.find a truck driver
B.visit their communities
C.give away food to them
D.help develop projects like hers
（4）The underlined words "concerns" in this passage means C .
A.ways
B.secrets
C.worries
D.decisions.
（5）Which can be the best title for this passage？ B
A.A Dining Guide App
B.A Food Sharing Project
C.A Driving Service APP
D.A Food Safety Project.
【考点】健康环保类阅读．
【分析】浪费食物是当今社会一个很大的问题，Laura开发了一个应用可以帮助解决这个问题。
【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段"According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura's country each year .That is about 30% of the yearly food supply "根据一项研究，在劳拉的国家，每年有超过1300亿磅的未食用的食物被浪费掉，这大约是每年食物供应量的30%。可知，每年有1300亿磅的食物被浪费，这些数字向我们展示了食物浪费严重。故选B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段"Through an app，Feed & Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide"通过一款应用程序，Feed & Find将当地无家可归者收容所与学校食堂和餐厅匹配起来，这些餐厅可以提供没吃完的食物。可知，劳拉的项目是从学校食堂开始。故选A。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段"It's not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura，hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities"其他城市的人们联系劳拉，希望她能为他们的社区开发类似的项目，这并不奇怪。可知，其他城市的人也希望劳拉帮他们开发这样的软件。故选D。
（4）C.词义推断题。根据后文"They think such food may not be clean enough"他们认为这样的食物可能不够干净。可知，一些人担心食物的安全。concern表示"担心"，故选C。
（5）B.最佳标题题。根据最后一段"Still，this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need"尽管如此，这个项目还是一个帮助解决食物浪费问题的聪明方法，它帮助了那些有需要的人。可知，本文介绍的这个项目可以帮助减少食物浪费，做到食物分享。B选项"一个食物分享项目"符合主题，故选B。
【点评】做题时要在理解好文章大意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细对比，有时可采用排除法快速得出答案。
4．（2021•深圳）Can plants talk？Modern research has found something amazing：they do communicate with each other.
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects.The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten.This is like a warning，or a call for help："I'm being attacked!"When another plant gets the chemicals，it starts to give out its own，different chemicals.Some of these chemicals drive insects away.Others attract the wasps （黄蜂；蜜蜂）!The wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants.Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system，so that we can use it to grow more crops.
More surprisingly，plants also use sound to communicate.People can't hear these sounds，but plants are making them.Some plants make noises with their roots.Corn and chili plants do this.Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.
Most surprisingly of all，plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi （霉菌）.It links the roots of different plants to each other.It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.Using the wood wide web，plants can share information and even food with each other.However，it may lead to bad effects.Plants may use it to steal food from each other，or spread chemicals to attack other plants.Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves.

（1）What will plants do when they are attacked by insects？ D
A.They will kill the insects by themselves.
B.They will control the wasps to kill the insects.
C.They will send out signals to ask for help.
D.They will produce chemicals as a warning or a call for help.
（2）How are the wood wide web linked by fungi？ B
A.By making noises with their roots.
B.By connecting the roots of different plants to each other.
C.By sharing food and information with each other.
D.By spreading chemicals to each other.
（3）What is the writer's intention of the last paragraph？ A
A.To give people hope for further studies.
B.To praise scientists for their great achievements.
C.To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.
D.To inspire people to communicate with plants.
（4）What is the structure of the passage？ B
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）Which is the best title for the passage？ A
A.The Secret Language of Plants
B.The Study about the Plant Warning System
C.The Plants that Give Warnings
D.Why Scientists Do Research about Plants
【考点】科普知识类阅读．
【分析】文章讲了植物是通过什么方式相互交流的。科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式，也许有一天我们会对植物的交流有足够的了解，能够自己和它们"交流"。
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects.The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten.This is like a warning，or a call for help："I'm being attacked!"可知，当植物受到昆虫的攻击时，就会发生这种情况。植物从被吃掉的叶子中释放出化学物质。这就像是一个警告，或者是一个求救的电话："我被攻击了！"所以植物被昆虫攻击时会他们会释放出化学物质作为警告或求助。故选D。
（2）B.文章来源题。根据The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi .It links the roots of different plants to each other.可知，木材的网状结构被真菌连接在地下，它把不同植物的根互相连接起来。所以真菌是通过把不同植物的根连在一起，从而将木材网连接起来的。故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves.可知，科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式，也许有一天我们会对植物的交流有足够的了解，能够自己和它们"交流"。所以最后一段作者的意图是给人们进一步学习的希望。故选A。
（4）B.篇章结构题。根据Can plants talk？Modern research has found something amazing：they do communicate with each other.It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.More surprisingly，plants also use sound to communicate.Most surprisingly of all，plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.可知，①植物会说话吗？现代研究发现了一个惊人的发现：它们确实能相互交流。②一段时间以来，人们已经知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。③更令人惊讶的是，植物也用声音来交流。③最令人惊讶的是，植物有一个惊人的通讯系统，几乎可以连接森林中的每一种植物。④科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式。第一段提出论点植物会说话；第二、三、四段分别论述植物是通过这几种方式相互交流的；第四段也就是最后一段UOL总论述。所以这篇文章的结构是总﹣﹣分﹣﹣总。故选B。
（5）A.标题归纳题。根据 Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves.可知，科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式，也许有一天我们会对植物的交流有足够的了解，能够自己和它们"交流"。所以这篇文章的最佳标题是植物的秘密语言。故选A。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
5．（2021•深圳）When I was a girl growing up，I cannot once ever remember either my mum or my grandma wasting food.
Anything we didn't eat at one meal was leftovers（剩菜）.I can remember my grandma making a huge pot of potatoes.We would all eat until we were full enough，but there were always about half of the potatoes leftover.A few days later，Grandma would take those potatoes out of the fridge，boil some noodles，add some vegetables and mix them all together.And I also remember when I watched my mum fry bacon （煎培根）for us in the mornings，she would always take the oil carefully and pour it into a bottle.Then she would use it later to add flavor to so many other dishes.I was an adult before I realized that potatoes didn't actually taste like bacon!
I learned their lessons well，and after I grew up，I tried to never waste food myself.I always planned the week's meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping list so that nothing went to waste.Every meal went into our stomachs and any leftovers were later eaten by either myself my boys，my husband or my dogs.To me，throwing food into the bin was just wrong.
However，when it comes to living，there are no leftovers.Life is just like a feast.Each moment that you don't live is lost forever.Life cannot be saved or stored.Each day is a fresh beginning.Live each moment of your life to the fullest，then.

（1）The writer's grandma used the leftover potatoes to A .
A.mix with noodles
B.boil some vegetables
C.fry bacon
D.throw away
（2）Why did the potatoes cooked by the writer's mum taste like bacon？ D
A.Because she mixed the bacon with potatoes.
B.Because she put potatoes into the containers.
C.Because she was good at cooking.
D.Because she poured the bacon oil into potatoes.
（3）According to the passage，how did the writer save food in her way？ D
A.By shopping ahead of time.
B.By throwing it into the litter bin.
C.By following her mother's shopping list.
D.By planning the next week's food.
（4）What does the underlined word " feast" in the last paragraph probably mean？ B
A.Sweat dream.
B.Large meal.
C.Happy story.
D.Beautiful picture.
（5）What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？ C
A.It is never too old to learn.
B.Eat to live，but not live to eat.
C.Neither food nor life should be wasted.
D.There is no such thing as a free lunch.
【考点】人生感悟类阅读．
【分析】本文主要介绍了作者及家人怎样节约食物，以此来告诉我们生命不能被挽救或储存，每一天都是一个新的开始。
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段"Grandma would take those potatoes out of the fridge，boil some noodles，add some vegetables and mix them all together"奶奶会把土豆从冰箱里拿出来，煮一些面条，加一些蔬菜，把它们混合在一起。可知，奶奶会把剩下的土豆拿去拌面条。故选A。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段"And I also remember when I watched my mum fry bacon （煎培根）for us in the mornings，she would always take the oil carefully and pour it into a bottle.Then she would use it later to add flavor to so many other dishes.I was an adult before I realized that potatoes didn't actually taste like bacon!"我还记得当我看着妈妈在早上为我们煎培根的时候，她总是小心地把油倒进一个瓶子里。然后她会用它来给其他很多菜增添风味。在我长大成人之后，我才意识到土豆尝起来其实不像培根!可知，是因为母亲把煎培根的油倒进土豆里，所以煮的土豆尝起来像培根，故选D。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第三段" after I grew up，I tried to never waste food myself.I always planned the week's meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping list so that nothing went to waste"长大后，我努力自己从不浪费食物。我总是提前计划好一周的饮食，只买我购物清单上的东西，这样就不会浪费任何东西。可知，作者通过提前计划好一周的饮食来节约食物。故选D。
（4）B.词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句"However，when it comes to living，there are no leftovers"然而，当谈到生活时，没有什么剩菜剩菜。以及后一句"Each moment that you don't live is lost forever.Life cannot be saved or stored"你活着的每一刻都将永远消失。生命不能被挽救或储存。可知，此处想要表达"生活就像一场盛宴"，所以feast意为"盛宴，大餐"，故选B。
（5）C.主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Life is just like a feast.Each moment that you don't live is lost forever.Life cannot be saved or stored.Each day is a fresh beginning.Live each moment of your life to the fullest，then."生活就像一场盛宴。你活着的每一刻都将永远消失。生命不能被挽救或储存。每一天都是一个新的开始。那么，尽情享受你生命中的每一刻吧。结合文章大意，可知本文主要介绍了作者及家人怎样节约食物，以此来告诉我们生命不能被挽救或储存。每一天都是一个新的开始，我们不能浪费食物和生命。故选C。
【点评】做题时要在理解好文章大意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细对比，有时可采用排除法快速得出答案。
6．（2021•广东）Welcome to Manor Farm U﹣pick Activities.
We are known for our delicious strawberries.We invite you to visit the farm and enjoy our fresh products and great forming experiences.We'll try our best to create a safe open﹣air environment for our customers under the circumstances （ 情 况 ） of COVID﹣19 this year.Please read the instructions below.
To pick the strawberries，you need to make a reservation （预约） on our website.Reservations are open from 13：00 to 20：00 the day before the picking day.
Please don't come to the farm if you are sick.
On the farm，you need to stay at least two meters away from anyone you don't live with.For safety，you must use our new baskets only.A basket alone costs 5 yuan.It holds about 2 kg of strawberries and a basket of strawberries is priced at 50 yuan in total.
If children come，they MUST stay close to their parents.Running up and down the strawberry rows will NOT be allowed.Our workers will tell them where to start picking and the children should listen.We hope children will follow our safety rules in our fields.
No pets are allowed on the farm.
Any questions，please call us at 906﹣256﹣523.

（1）If you go to the farm on August 8th，you can make a reservation at D .
A.10：00 on August 6th
B.10：00 on August 7th
C.14：00 on August 6th
D.14：00 on August 7th
（2）The farm provides new baskets C .
A.to cut down the cost
B.to protect the environment
C.to keep customers safe
D.to carry more strawberries
（3）On the farm，children are asked to C .
A.plant some strawberries
B.run along the rows
C.stay close to their parents
D.look after their pets
（4）For more information，you can B .
A.write an email
B.make a phone call
C.send a voice message
D.watch news on TV
（5）The instructions are most probably from A .
A.a farm owner
B.a teacher
C.a news reporter
D.a customer

【考点】广告布告类阅读．
【分析】短文讲了庄园农场采摘的活动，详细地介绍了时间、费用和要求等。
【解答】（1）D.细节判断题。根据"To pick the strawberries，you need to make a reservation （预约） on our website.Reservations are open from 13：00 to 20：00 the day before the picking day.要摘草莓，你需要在我们的网站上预约。预订开放时间为采摘日前一天的13：00至20：00。"可知如果你8月8日去农场，你可以在8月7日14：00预订。故选D。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据"For safety，you must use our new baskets only.为了安全起见，你只能使用我们的新篮子，"可知农场提供新的篮子来保护顾客的安全。故选C。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据"If children come，they MUST stay close to their parents.如果孩子们来了，他们必须离父母近一点。"可知在农场，孩子们被要求离父母近一点。故选C。
（4）B.细节理解题。根据"Any questions，please call us at 906﹣256﹣523.如有任何问题，请致电906﹣256﹣523。"可知更多信息，你可以打电话。故选B。
（5）A.细节推理题。根据"Welcome to Manor Farm U﹣pick Activities，欢迎来到庄园农场采摘活动，及其对采摘时间和要求的介绍，"可知这些说明很可能是农场老板写的。故选A。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
7．（2021•深圳）Shashiyu was once a poor village in Hebei Province，but now it has changed into a rich and livable place.
In the 1940s，villagers in Shashiyu had little food and few clothes，but they had a strong wish for a better life.Zhang Guishun，the Party secretary of Shashiyu，encouraged his villagers to do their best to pull themselves out of poverty. "In the ancient Chinese story，Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work，why can't we？Nobody was born to be poor？" Hearing his words，the villagers decided to make a difference.
Led by the Communist Party of China（中国共产党），the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land.From 1966 to1971，they reclaimed（开垦）lots of land and greatly improved their life.
However，the village encountered a new problem two decades later as the environment became heavily polluted by chemical plants and mine refineries built in 1990s.
The polluting factories were shut down in 2004，and villagers started grape cultivation，which soon became a main industry in Shashiyu.
In 2009，the city﹣level government invested over 1 million yuan（＄152，723）to change the village's exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier generations.
After 10 years，the village was called "National Forest Village".
Zhang said that the village started a yearly tourism festival in 2015 to attract travelers to pick grapes. "The grapes could be sold at a better price once Shashiyu becomes famous through this festival.Our villagers can then live even better lives， "he said.

（1）Why did Zhang Guishun use the story of Yu Gong to encourage the villagers？ A
A.Because Yu Gong had strong will and hard work.
B.Because Yu Gong was born poor too.
C.Because the villagers worshiped Yu Gong.
D.Because Yu Gong became rich at last.
（2）From 1966 to 1971，what did the villagers do to improve their living situation？ B
A.They planted grapes to earn money.
B.They carried water and soil to their village to improve their lands.
C.They moved to another place to live a better life.
D.They built a lot of factories.
（3）Which word can be used to describe the villagers？ A
A.Hard﹣working.
B.Lazy.
C.Kind﹣hearted.
D.Stupid.
（4）When was Shashiyu called "National Forest Village"？ D
A.In 2009.
B.In 2004.
C.In 2015.
D.In 2019.
（5）Where can you probably read the passage？ B
A.In a storybook.
B.In a newspaper.
C.In a sports magazine.
D.In a science book.
【考点】史地常识类阅读．
【分析】短文讲了河北沙石峪村的变化，详细地介绍了村民是如何改变村子生活的。
【解答】（1）A .细节理解题。根据"In the ancient Chinese story，Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work，why can't we？Nobody was born to be poor？" Hearing his words，the villagers decided to make a difference.在中国古代的故事里，愚公能用他坚强的意志和辛勤的劳动移山，为什么我们不能？没有人生来就是贫穷的？"听到他的话，村民们决定有所作为。"可知因为愚公有坚强的意志和勤奋的工作。故选A。
（2）B .细节理解题。根据"the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land.From 1966 to.1971，they reclaimed（开垦）lots of land and greatly improved their life.村民们从遥远的地方把水和土壤搬到他们的村庄来改良他们的土地。从1966年到。他们开垦了许多土地，生活得到了很大改善。"可知他们把水和土壤带到他们的村庄来改善他们的土地。故选B。
（3）A .细节理解题。根据the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land.From 1966 to.1971，they reclaimed（开垦）lots of land and greatly improved their life.村民们从遥远的地方把水和土壤搬到他们的村庄来改良他们的土地。从1966年到。他们开垦了许多土地，生活得到了很大改善。可知努力工作可以来形容村民。故选A。
（4）D .细节推理题。根据"In 2009，the city﹣level government invested over 1 million yuan（＄152，723）to change the village's exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier generations.After 10 years，the village was called "National Forest Village".2009年，市级政府投资100多万元（152723美元）将该村的展览厅改造成博物馆，以纪念先辈们的发展努力。十年后，这个村庄被称为"国家森林村"。"可知2019年被评为"国家森林村"。故选D。
（5）B .细节推理题。根据"Shashiyu was once a poor village in Hebei Province，but now it has changed into a rich and livable place.沙石峪曾经是河北省的一个贫穷的村庄，但现在它已经变成了一个富裕和宜居的地方。"可知是关于沙石峪变化的介绍，结合选项，可以在报纸上看到文章，故选B。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
8．（2020•广州）
Five interesting sports
Our most unusual sports from around the world
Every country has a national sport and some popular sports are now played across the world．
However，in most countries，people also play unusual sports，with strange or interesting rules．Here are our top five unusual sports from around the planet．
Man Vs．Horse Marathon
This race takes place in a small town in Wales，about 200 miles from London．It's called a marathon （马拉松），but it's actually 35.4 km，not 42.2 km like a usual marathon．People race against horses across the hills and mountains．It started in 1981，but a human did not win until 2004．
Camel Wrestling
In Turkey，camel （骆驼） wrestling is a very old sport．The largest camel wrestling competition takes place every year and thousands of people come．In the sport，two camels fight against each other．Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds，which can be dangerous．
Dragon Boat Racing
Every year in China，thousands of people watch dragon boat races．A dragon boat is a traditional Chinese boat with a painted dragon's head on one end．There can be up to 36 people or more racing in each boat in the water．Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries．
Caber Toss
In this sport，players compete to throw a large piece of wood called a caber as far as they can．There is no rule about the size of the caber，but it's usually the size of a small tree．It's an ancient Scottish sport．Visitors to the UK can check it out．
Chess Boxing
A good chess boxer needs to be both strong and smart．Players play a round of chess，followed by a round of boxing．There are eleven rounds in total．Chess boxing was invented in 1992 by an English comic book writer．The sport is more popular in England and Germany．
（1）What can we learn about Man Vs．Horse Marathon？ A
A．It is an outdoor sport．
B．It first appeared 16 years ago．
C．No human has ever won the game．
D．It follows the rules of a usual marathon．
（2）Which of the following is mentioned about Camel Wrestling？ D
A．It should be stopped．
B．It's worth seeing．
C．It's unfair to the animals．
D．It's sometimes dangerous to watch．
（3）Which picture best describes Caber Toss？ C

（4）Which sport is popular in Asia？ B
A．Man Vs．Horse Marathon．
B．Dragon Boat Racing．
C．Caber Toss．
D．Chess Boxing．
（5）How many sports have animals as players？ B
A．1．
B．2．
C．3．
D．4．
【考点】社会文化类阅读．
【分析】本文介绍了5项特别的运动．
【解答】（1）A．推理判断题．根据People race against horses across the hills and mountains，可知，马拉松是一个室外的运动，故选A．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据Sometimes the camels do not want to fight and they run through the crowds，which can be dangerous．可知，有的时候骆驼会冲到人群，所以观看这种运动是非常危险的，故选D．
（3）C．细节理解题．根据There is no rule about the size of the caber，but it's usually the size of a small tree可知，抛竿赛对于竿的尺寸没有任何规则，但是通常是一棵小树的尺寸，结合所给图片，C符合．故选C．
（4）B．细节理解题．根据Dragon boat racing is also popular in some other Asian countries．可知，龙舟赛在亚洲国家比较受欢迎．故选B．
（5）B．细节理解题．根据People race against horses across the hills and mountains．以及In Turkey，camel （骆驼） wrestling is a very old sport，可知，文中提到的马拉松和都骆驼是有动物参赛的．故选B．
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．
9．（2020•广州） What will astronauts （宇航员） eat when a space trip takes years？
"Lots of fresh vegetables，" says Dr．Janet Williams，whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station．And it's a good thing that she has already started her work，because space gardening can be really hard．
As usual，astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room．He had planted Dr．Williams's quick﹣growing seedlings in it，but none of the stems were showing．He opened the room to check and found the problem．The stems weren't growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward．On Earth，gravity （重力） helps a plant's stems and roots to find"up" and"down"．However，in the space station，there was almost no gravity．
Dr．Williams suggested a solution：give the plants more light，as plants also use sunlight to find their way．And it worked．When the plants had more light，the stems turned up and the roots went down．
Now Dr．Williams was free to worry about the next problem：Would her baby plants live to flower？Can we grow food on a space journey？
Many plants died in the space station．Dr．Williams thought she knew why：the space plants were hungry for air．Plants live by taking up CO2 from the air．Since a plant uses it up in the air around，the plant needs moving air to bring more CO2 close to its surface．On Earth，the air is always moving．Gravity pulls down cold air，and warm air rises．And with these air movements，plants get enough CO2．
Many earlier experiments with plants in space hard used closed rooms．Dr Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move．The plants loved it．They flowered and even produced more seeds．Using Dr．Williams's method，astronaut George completed the first seed﹣to﹣seed experiment in space，and moved one plant closer to a garden in space．
"And this，" says Dr．Williams，"is good news for long﹣term space travel．"

（1）Why have Dr．Williams's team tried to grow plants in space？ C
A．To produce fresh air for astronauts．
B．To help astronauts relax themselves．
C．To provide food for long space journeys．
D．To make the space garden more beautiful．
（2）How did light help solve the problem mentioned in Paragraph 3？ C
A．It caused the gravity to change．
B．It encouraged the plants to grow faster．
C．It helped the plants to grow in the right direction．
D．It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables．
（3）Why did many plants die in the space station？ D
A．The light was too strong．
B．There was too much CO2．
C．There was not enough room to grow．
D．The air condition was not good enough．
（4）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 7 refers to A ．
A．the moving air
B．the closed room
C．the space journey
D．the space garden
（5）What can we learn about Dr．Williams's team from the passage？ D
A．They mainly live on fresh vegetables．
B．They have successfully built a space garden．
C．They invented a special fan for their greenhouse．
D．They have worked on space gardening for many years．

【考点】科普知识类阅读．
【分析】本文章主要讲述了为了解决长期在太空执行任务的宇航员的食物问题，科学家正在研究太空植物种植法，以便给宇航员带去好处。
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。根据文章第一、二段，What will astronauts （宇航员） eat when a space trip takes years？"Lots of fresh vegetables，" says Dr．Janet Williams，whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station．太空旅行耗时数年，宇航员们会吃什么？"很多新鲜蔬菜，"珍妮特•威廉姆斯博士说，她的团队在过去10年里一直在学习如何在空间站种植植物。可知，威廉姆斯博士的团队在太空种植植物是为了给长期在太空执行任务的宇航员提供食物，故选C．
（2）C．推理判断题。根据文章第三段，Dr．Williams suggested a solution：give the plants more light，as plants also use sunlight to find their way．And it worked．When the plants had more light，the stems turned up and the roots went down．威廉姆斯博士提出了一个解决方案：给植物更多的光照，因为植物也会利用阳光来找到方向，这样就起作用了，当植物有更多的光时，茎就会向上，根就会向下。可知，光照能使得植物往正确的方向生长，故选C．
（3）D．细节理解题。根据文章第六段，Many plants died in the space station．Dr．Williams thought she knew why：the space plants were hungry for air．Plants live by taking up CO2from the air．许多植物在空间站死亡，威廉姆斯博士认为她知道原因：太空植物渴望空气，植物靠吸收空气中的二氧化碳生存。可知，许多植物在太空站死亡是因为太空站里的空气条件不够好，故选D．
（4）A．词义猜测题。根据文章第七段，Many earlier experiments with plants in space hard used closed rooms．Dr Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move．The plants lovedit．许多早期的实验是在太空中用植物做，几乎没有使用封闭的空间。威廉姆斯博士尝试了一种新的温室，它有一个风扇来保持空气的流动，植物们很喜欢它。可知，划线单词意为：流动的空气，故选A．
（5）D．推理判断题。根据文章第二段，"Lots of fresh vegetables，" says Dr．Janet Williams，whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station．"很多新鲜蔬菜，"珍妮特•威廉姆斯博士说，她的团队在过去10年里一直在学习如何在空间站种植植物。可知，威廉姆斯博士和她的团队专注于研究太空花园已经很多年了，故选D．
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．
10．（2020•广州）How would you like to build a time machine？Paper，sticks，glue and string are all you need．Put them together to build a kite．A kite connects you to the past．
No one knows who flew the first kite．It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia．Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish．Starting 2.000 years ago，Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth．
In China，people also used kites during wartime．One Chinese story tells how soldiers put，noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp．The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away．
About 1300 years ago，Chinese travelers took kites to Japan．Soon kites filled in the skies there．Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago．During floods，Thai farmers flew kites over their fields．They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain．Over time，kites flew their way out of Asia．Today，kites are a passion all over the world．Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun．
Over the years，Kites have also helped people understand the natural world．In 1749，for example，thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures．In 1906，cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco，California after an earthquake．The photos helped people plan what to do．
Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes．The Wright brothers studied how kites flew，which helped them make the first successful airplane．
Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air，people have loved flying kites．Kites give us ways to celebrate，relax and explore．So go fly a kite!Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries．

（1）According to the passage，in which countries were kites used to make good wishes？ B
A．China and Japan．
B．China and Thailand．
C．Japan and Indonesia．
D．Thailand and Indonesia．
（2）According to the Chinese story，the army used kites to A ．
A．make the enemies leave in fear
B．celebrate victories during wartime
C．stop the enemies from sleeping well
D．carry soldiers to fight against the enemies
（3）The underlined word "passion" in Paragraph 4 means A ．
A．strong love
B．useful machine
C．happy dream
D．common treasure
（4）How does the writer develop Paragraph 5？ D
A．By telling stories．
B．By listing numbers．
C．By comparing facts．
D．By giving examples．
（5）What's the purpose of this passage？ C
A．To show people how to fly kites．
B．To explain bow kites are used in science．
C．To introduce the roles of kites in history．
D．To discuss the difference among kites worldwide．
【考点】社会文化类阅读．
【分析】文章是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要讲述了风筝在历史上的角色．
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题．根据第一段Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth中国农民放飞风筝来迎接新年，给大地带来好运．和第四段Thai farmers flew kites over the fields．They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain．泰国农民在田野上放风筝．他们希望风筝能驱散乌云，停止下雨．可知，中国和泰国用风筝来表达美好的愿望．故选B．
（2）A 细节理解题．根据第三段One Chinese story tells how soldiers put，noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp．The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away．一个中国故事讲的是士兵们如何在风筝上放上噪音制造者，并在夜间在敌人的营地上空放飞．敌人被声音吓着逃跑了．可知，军队使用风筝是为了让敌人在恐惧中离开．故选A．
（3）A 单词释义题．根据划线单词后面的句子Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun．世界上许多地方的风筝爱好者都会在节日里相聚，尽情玩乐．可知风筝受到世界各地人们的热爱．故选A．
（4）D 细节理解题．根据第五段for example…例如…，可知本段是举例说明．故选D．
（5）C 细节理解题．根据最后一段Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air，people have loved flying kites．Kites give us ways to celebrate，relax and explore．So go fly a kite!Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries．自从古代中国第一次放风筝，人们就喜欢上了放风筝．风筝给了我们庆祝、放松和探索的方式．所以去放风筝吧!享受放飞风筝的人几个世纪以来所感受到的奇妙感觉吧．可知，文章主要介绍了风筝在历史上的角色．故选C．
【点评】本文是一篇阅读选择题，做题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子选择正确答案．
11．（2020•深圳）The Taojinshan Greenway （绿道） in Shenzhen has been open to citizens since July，2019．Sitting at the west side of Shenzhen Reservoir，it is as long as 7.07 kilometers．
With plants along both sides and lakes lying at different sites，tourists can enjoy wonderful scenery all the way．If they are tired，they are free to take a rest at the 3 stops that were built for breaks．Additionally，five unused guard posts （岗亭） along the old route have remained．Theyserve as sightseeing platforms for visitors to feel the cultural spirit behind the place．
Of all its 13 scenic spots，8 were designed to have AI helpers．From them，visitors can gain information on parking，tour guide services and more．The smart greenway，with free Wi﹣Fi available，also provides environmental data，such as temperature，wind speed and air quality．What's more，it can give visitors warnings of coming extreme （ 极端的） weather and natural disasters，including rainstorms and typhoons that may hit Shenzhen．
"Started in the middle of 2015，the building process of the Taojinshan Greenway has taken good care of the wildlife and environment nearby" said Yang Shiming，an official in charge of the project．"
The greenway is an example of construction projects without doing harm to the nature．It also shows the role that technology plays in building a smart greenway for more life convenience．"

（1）How long did it take to finish the Taojinshan Greenway？ B
A．About 3 years．
B．About 4 years．
C．About 5 years．
D．About 6 years．
（2）What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ D
A．Views．
B．Visitors．
C．Stops．
D．Guard posts．
（3）What is the main idea of Paragraph 3？ A
A．What AI helpers do．
B．Technology changes life．
C．How AI helpers work．
D．Technology protects humans．
（4）What can we learn from this passage？ C
A．It is interesting to use AI helpers．
B．It is important to build greenways．
C．It is possible to balance nature and construction．
D．It is unnecessary to worry about terrible weather．
【考点】史地常识类阅读．
【分析】深圳市淘金山绿道自2019年7月开始对外开放，位于深圳水库西侧，全长7.07公里．两岸植物林立，湖光山色，一路风光尽收眼底．在它的13个景点中，有8个被设计成有人工辅助设施．绿道是一个不破坏自然的建筑项目的例子，它也显示了技术在建造智能绿道以增加生活便利方面所起的作用．
【解答】（1）B 根据第一句The Taojinshan Greenway （绿道） in Shenzhen has been open to citizens since July，2019．深圳市淘金山绿道自2019年7月开始对外开放．以及第四段Started in the middle of 2015．淘金山绿道从2015年中期开始．可以推测出，完成淘金山绿道花了四年时间．
故选：B．
（2）D 词义猜测题．根据划线前句Additionally，five unused guard posts （岗亭） along the old route have remained．另外，老路沿线还保留了5个闲置的岗亭．可以推测出，后句"他们"作为观光平台游客可以感受到这个地方背后的文化精神，是指"岗亭"．
故选：D．
（3）A 段落大意题．根据第三段首句Of all its 13 scenic spots，8 were designed to have Al helpers．在它的13个景点中，有8个被设计成有人工辅助设施．下文涉及到了所包含的工作．可以推测出，本段大意为"人工助手的工作"．
故选：A．
（4）C The greenway is an example of construction projects without doing ham to the nature．It also shows the role that technology plays in building a smart greenway for more life convenience．绿道是一个不破坏自然的建筑项目的例子，它也显示了技术在建造智能绿道以增加生活便利方面所起的作用．结合文章内容可以推测出，我们能从这篇文章中学到：平衡自然和建筑是可能的．
故选：C．
【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．
12．（2020•广州）"Amy!Milk!" Mama called．
Milk．It was Amy's turn to get it．Amy sighed and shut her first﹣aid （急救） book．
Amy tied the cow close to a tree．Somewhere down the mountain，some volunteer doctors were teaching medical skills to village nurses．Amy heard Betty drive off hours ago．"She should have taken me with her．She thinks I'm too young，"Amy thought． "But she's wrong．I am already 15!"
Amy carried the milk back to Mama，then wandered up the road．Roy，a village boy，was trying to stand on a horse's back．"No wonder they don't trust kids with anything important，"Amy thought．
She had just turned away when she heard a heavy fall and a few cries．Roy was on the ground．"Roy!" The kids nearby ran towards him． "Get Betty，" one said．Amy shook her head．"Betty's gone to the city．"
The kids didn't know what to do．Amy ran to Roy and saw one of his legs out of shape．A broken leg!She remembered what the first﹣aid book said about it．
"Victor!" Amy called to one of the boys．"Go get Roy's mama，and find someone with a truck．"She turned to the others．"Give me your shirts．We need something to tie his leg with．"
Amy then found a strong，straight stick．She carefully wrapped the shirts around Roy's leg and the stick．Roy cried out in pain．"I know it hurts，" Amy said softly．"But this will hold it still until you get to the hospital．"
When Amy was done，she looked up and saw Roy's mama and a man watching beside a truck．"Thank you，Amy，" Roy's mama said．Amy helped them lift Roy into the truck，then they drove down the hillside towards the hospital．
The next day，Betty came to Amy's home．"I heard what you did，" Betty said．"You kept your head in an emergency．That's an important skill．"
Amy's face turned red．"I was afraid …"
Betty shook her head．"It's OK for a nurse to be afraid，as long as she has a clear head．The volunteer doctors are coming tomorrow with vaccines．We need some more hands．Can you help？"
"I'd love to．" Amy replied at once．
"Come early，then．There is a lot to learn．"
Amy smiled．"I'll bring my first﹣aid book．"

（1）Why didn't Betty take Amy with her to the medical training？ D
A．Amy was busy reading．
B．Amy had to milk the cow．
C．Betty left too early in the morning．
D．Betty thought Amy wasn't old enough．
（2）What happened to Roy？ A
A．He fell off the horseback．
B．He was kicked by the horse．
C．He successfully stood on the horseback．
D．He was pulled off the horseback by the kids．
（3）What is the correct order of Amy's first﹣aid actions？ C
a．She found a proper stick．
b．She helped lift Roy into the truck．
C．She asked the boys for some shirts．
d．She tied the shirts around the broken leg．
e．She sent someone to get Roy's mum and a truck．
A．c﹣e﹣a﹣b﹣d
B．a﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣b
C．e﹣c﹣a﹣d﹣b
D．e﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣d
（4）Why did Betty invite Amy to help the doctors in the end？ B
A．Amy had similar experiences before．
B．Amy was cool﹣headed when giving first﹣aid．
C．Betty regretted not taking Amy to the training．
D．Betty realized that Amy had become a good doctor．
（5）Which sentence best describes a lesson from the story？ B
A．Only trained doctors and nurses can provide first﹣aid．
B．Knowledge from books can help solve real﹣life problems．
C．Children need enough practice before they can be helpful．
D．Helping with housework is important to children's health．
【考点】人物故事类阅读．
【分析】本文讲述了Amy根据之前看过的急救知识救了一个腿受伤的孩子，Betty看到了这一幕，认为Amy很适合做一名医务人员，因为Amy在面对患者时，有一个清晰的头脑，Amy很开心地加入急救医生的队伍．
【解答】（1）D．细节理解题．根据She should have taken me with her．She thinks I'm too young，"Amy thought，可知，Betty没有带上Amy是因为觉得她太小了．故选D．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据 Roy，a village boy，was trying to stand on a horse's back及 Roy was on the ground，可知，Roy从马背上摔倒地上了．故选A．
（3）C．细节排序题．根据Go get Roy's mama，and find someone with a truck．"She turned to the others．"Give me your shirts．We need something to tie his leg with．"可知，Amy先让其他人去通知Roy的妈妈，并找一辆卡车，然后跟其他人要了衬衫，故e排在第一位，c排在第二位．根据 Amy then found a strong，straight stick．She carefully wrapped the shirts around Roy's leg and the stick，可知，然后Amy找了一个直的，结实的树枝，把衬衫绕在Roy的腿上，所以a排在第三位，d排在第四位．根据Amy helped them lift Roy into the truck，可知，最后Amy帮助他们把Roy抬到卡车上，所以b排在最后．故正确的排序是：e﹣c﹣a﹣d﹣b．故选C．
（4）B．细节理解题．根据It's OK for a nurse to be afraid，as long as she has a clear head，可知，Betty最后邀请Amy来帮助医生，因为她认为Amy在急救时有一个冷静的头脑．故选B．
（5）B．推理判断题．根据 A broken leg!She remembered what the first﹣aid book said about it，可知，Amy根据之前在书上看到的急救知识救了Roy的腿，由此可推断，从书上看到的知识可以帮助解决实际遇到的问题．故选B．
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．

考点卡片
1．人物故事类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
2．社会文化类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
3．史地常识类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
4．科普知识类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
5．人生感悟类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
6．广告布告类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
7．健康环保类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？
8．文学作品类阅读
【考查类型】
（1）阅读理解考查类型：
1．主旨大意
2．文中细节
3．词义猜测
4．推理判断．
（2）文中细节的考查类型：
1．直接信息题
2．间接信息题
3．综合信息题．
【解题方法】
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义．
【常见的提问方式】
1．According to the passage，who/what/where/which/when/why/how，etc．？
2．Which of the following is True/Not True/false/mentioned？
3．Which of the following is the correct according to the passage？