2022年广东省湛江市高考英语二模试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022年广东省湛江市高考英语二模试卷（含答案解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了67 hectares，申请原因；，相关经历，【答案】A、B、D、A，【答案】B、C、D、F、G等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
Xi'an enjys a reputatins as a "Living Histry Museum" due t its rich,diverse cllectin f histrical and cultural treasures.Apart frm the Terractta Warrirs,there are als sme ther attractins in the city.Here are sme f them.
Ancient City Wall
Xi'an City Wall was built in the 14th century in the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system.Nw it is ne f the ldest and best preserved Chinese city walls The wall is nw a landmark,dividing the city int inner and uter areas.
Giant Wild Gse Pagda （塔）
Situated in an ancient temple,the pagda built with layers f bricks was built in the Tang Dynasty.It is traditinal Chinese architecture.One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre Buddhist scriptures （经文） and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang,wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.
Shaanxi Histry Museum
The Shaanxi Histry Museum,built in 1991，is hme t ver 370，000 precius relics unearthed in Shaanxi ver the years,The museum cnsists f three main sectins.Its cllectins range frm brnze ware （器血） t pttery ware,gld and silver ware and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs.
The Muslim Quarter
One f the highlights is its lcal snacks when yu tur Xian.The best fd destinatin is the Muslim Quarter,which has a histry f several hundred years.Cnsisting f a number f fd streets,the area has becme a famus attractin in the city fr its rich and authentic Muslim cultural atmsphere.
In which place can yu knw mre abut Buddhism？ ______
A. Ancient City Wall.B. Giant Wild Gse Pagda.
C. Shaanxi Histry Museum.D. The Muslim Quarter.
What can yu d when yu visit the Muslim Quarter？ ______
A. Creat sme brnze wares.
B. Eat diverse delicius snacks.
C. Visit sme watchtwers.
D. Translate Buddhist scriptures.
What d yu knw frm the text？ ______
A. The Shaanxi Histry Museum has exhibits made f gld.
B. Xuan Zang died in the Giant Wild Gse Pagda.
C. The Xi'an City Wallis the ldest Chinese city wall.
D. The Muslim Quarter has a histry f 100 years.
B
Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng,a retired Tibetan cuple,have becme trailblazers （开拓者） f grape grwing and wine-making in their ld ages.
Lu Sheng learned grape planting and winemaking frm her grandmther's sister.Since they retired,the cuple have mved t Lhasa frm the village f Yakhadi.Thugh the fact that the regin's capital,which is 3，600 meters abve sea level,is cnsidered unfit fr grwing grapes,Lu Sheng and Hua Sheng began an ambitius prject in 2015，planting grapes in Tsalna,a twn in the suburb f Lhasa.
They received supprt frm the lcal gvernment,which is cmmitted t develping business and the ecnmy.The cuple's prject prvides jbs fr rural residents,and,as a result,the gvernment has cnsidered the prject part f its pverty relief prgram.
"Lhasa is an ideal place fr planting French grape varieties that are resistant t cld,drught and disease,and adaptable t high-altitude and pen-air planting," Lu Sheng said.
"Thanks t the plateau's sunshine and rganic planting,ur grapes grw very well here in Lhasa.The grapes are a bit sur and sweet,and they have a high anthcyanin （花青素）cntent," she said.Anthcyanins,which are in grape cells and cntribute rich clr t wine,are water-sluble （水溶性的）.
In 2018，Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng expanded their prject,planting n nearly 6.67 hectares.In rder t familiarize Tibetan farmers with grape planting and winemaking,they taught the skills t lcal villagers.
"We have successfully taught the lcal farmers hw t grw grapes and make wine ver the three years.They nw have a new surce f incme besides traditinal farming and herding," Hua Sheng said.
Yudrn,a resident f Nam,said she was grateful t the grape planting prject in her village,which has cntributed t her incme and quality f life."After wrking in the vineyards fr years,nw we knw hw t make wine.We drink bth barley and grape wine nw.We lve grape wine mre,thugh,as it is healthier."
What did the cuple d after their retirement？ ______
A. They grew grapes and made wine in Lhasa.
B. They made friends with a French expert.
C. They mved t anther city frm Lhasa.
D. They learned grape planting frm Hua Sheng's grandmther.
Why was the cuple's prject thught f as a pverty relief prgram？ ______
A. They dnated grapes t lcal schls. C.They emplyed lcal residents as wrkers.
B. They prvided free wine fr villagers. D.They expanded the prject with the lcal gvernment.
Which is the functin f anthcyanins？ ______
A. They make grapes mre delicius.
B. They can accelerate the grwth f grapes.
C. They make grapes a bit sur and sweet.
D. They prvide rich clr's fr wine.
Fr the prject cnducted by the cuple,Yudrn is ______ .
A. appreciativeB. cautiusC. indifferentD. hesitate
C
Tbgganing,r sledding （雪橇），likely cmes befre the clnizatin f Nrth America.Recrds shw that Canada's First Peples used small sleds t transprt their belngings and fd between camps,Raymnd Flwer writes in The Histry f Skiing and Other Winter Sprts.But mdern-day sled races can trace their rigins back t the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s when British turists decided t race in wden luges（a sled used by ne persn） that lcals had used t travel thrugh snw.The rigin is debatable in snwy nrthern New Yrk,hwever,where there's evidence that Albany held bbsled （a sled used by tw r mre peple） races as early as 1885.
Wherever they began,sled races quickly became ppular.The famus Cresta Run,named after the Swiss twn near the base f its curse,was built in 1885 using snwbanks.The first rganized cmpetitin was in 1898，hsted by the first bbsled club in nearby St.Mritz （a city in Switzerland）.It was then that sledding began t separate frm the luge t include tw new sprts：bb sledding,and skeletn sleddig （俯式雪橇）.
Cresta Run is cnsidered the birthplace f the skeletn,a particularly daring frm f sledding.Unlike the luge,where cmpetitrs ride feet-first n a sled with metal runners,the skeletn sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance.Riders lie dwn n the sled headfirst,then drp suddenly dwn an ice track.Bbsledding,meanwhile,invlves teams f tw t fur in which the persn in frnt cntrls directins and the player in back brakes when needed.It earned its name after cmpetitrs started swinging back and frth t speed up the sled.
Bbsledding initially vertk skeletn sledding in ppularity,becming ne f a handful f sprts played at the first Winter Games in 1924.The skeletn sledding was limited t the Cresta Run fr decades because ther bb runs arund the wrld were nt built fr the steel skeletn sled.But in the 1970s,adjustments were made t bth the skeletn and bb runs in rder t include the event at future winter games.
What can we infer abut Raymnd Flwer？ ______
A. He is a writer.
B. He is gd at sledding.
C. He invented the sledding race.
D. He set the first recrd f sledding.
Hw des skeletn sledding differ frm the luge？ ______
A. Skeletn sledding runs n metal runners.
B. Skeletn sledding desn't have back brakes.
C. Riders n Skeletn sledding Sled with their feet.
D. Skeletn sledding needs players t lie dwn n it headfirst.
What limited the ppularity f skeletn sledding？ ______
A. Its special shape.B. Its speed.
C. Its steel runners.D. Its unsuitable adjustments.
What can be the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Why is sledding s ppular？
B. Hw did sledding develp in Switzerland？
C. What are sledding adventures abut？
D. Hw did peple kill time in Nrth America？
D
Ntpla is a Lndn-based firm that makes a seaweed- based substitute fr single use plastic packaging.Althugh sme f Ntpla's prducts are suitable t be eaten,they are designed t be disslved （溶解） after usage.The cmpany s film wrap is made f seaweed lining instead f a cnventinal plastic based cating.This makes the film fully bidegradable and ideal fr use as packaging fr cupbard and bathrm supplies like cffee and tilet paper.
Accrding t the United Natins,331 millin kilgrams f plastic garbage is prduced annually arund the wrld.Rughly 60% f the estimated 9.15 billin tns f plastic prduced since the early 1950s has been taken t landfills r abandned utdrs.
Plastics harm the water,the air,and ur bdies.Many experts agree that single-use plastics are unnecessary and dangerus.Sme gvernments and twns in the Unite States have taken actin.New Yrk has banned mst plastic shpping bags,while plastic straws （吸管） have been banned in Miami Beach.Overseas,India stated in August that it plans t put a wide ban n single-use plastics this upcming summer,with the Eurpean Unin already this ban.
Seaweed cmes in a variety f species and can be harvested r farmed.Nrpla uses plants that have been farmed.Rdrig Garcia Gnzalez and Pierre Paslie,the inventrs f Ntpla,initially cnsidered seaweed as a slutin t the wrld's plastic prblem fr several reasns.Seaweed is abundant and grws quickly.Additinally it desn't cmpete with land crps and is highly favred fr its ability t remve sme waste prducts like carbn frm the atmsphere.
In cperatin with the nline fd rdering service Just Eat,the startup recently tested its prduct.Last year,the tw cmpanies handed ut 30，000 takeaway bxes at varius UK restaurants.Plans are in the wrks t ffer the bxes acrss Eurpe in 2022.Nrpla's team intends t replace single use plastic in the supply chain mre generally as they scale.The cmpany recgnizes the difficulty f such a jb given the vlume f plastics cnsumed arund the wrld.
Hw des the authr mainly develp paragraph 2？ ______
A. By cmparing facts.B. By presenting figures.
C. By raising questins.D. By giving examples.
What can best replace the underlined wrd "implementing" in paragraph 3？ ______
A. liftingB. prtectingC. ppsingD. perfrming
What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut？ ______
A. The wide use f seaweed.
B. The next gal f the new study.
C. The huge market f the plastic bags.
D. The advantages f chsing seaweed.
What des the cmpany think f its plan t replace the whle single use plastic？ ______
A. It will be unpractical.B. It will be richly rewarded.
C. It will be a little tugh.D. It will be rather successful.
True beauty is nt fund in lks. (1) Changing the way yu think abut beauty will give yu life-lng cnfidence.
Place yur beauty in yur identity but nt yur identity in yur beauty.If yu hld nt yuthful beauty as a narrw definitin f yurself,yu wn't enjy yur lks as yu age. (2) Mirrrs tell us nly a part f what we shw t the uter wrld.G past yur reflectin and see the real self!
The funtain f yuth desn't exist.Despite many anti-aging prducts,there is n magic slutin t stpping the effects f aging.Yu shuld stp devaluing（贬低）yurself just because yu are getting lder.Aim fr a healthy life and keep yurself strng and fit.Eat healthy diet and be cmmitted t a daily exercise rutine.Lts f effrts are needed. (3) Beauty relates t physical and psychlgical aspects. (4) Hwever,Serena Williams never hides her unusual pwerful physique（体格）.Instead,her shwing her muscles enhances her appeal.Many fans think she is beautiful.This prves that lking beautiful and attractive ges beynd ur lks.
(5) Beauty matters t all f us,but t thse wh age beautifully,it matters neither t much nr t little.D enjy ur lives t the fullest.True beauty is abut accepting yurself.It is als abut feeling gd abut yurself.
A.Everyne des it.
B.It cmes frm the inside.
C.G beynd yur mirrr image.
D.Yu will feel better ver a lng term.
E.It's human nature t believe beauty is everything
F.Peple generally think beauty is nly a skin-deep issue.
G.Be less scared f aging and yu will lks mre beautiful.
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
I must admit I am nt a very gd listener.But what really(21) me t becme a gd listener was helping my wife after her trachea （气管） surgery.
She culdn't talk fr almst a mnth because f the(22).She had a pad （便笺本） and wuld write dwn her thughts and(23).Of curse that was very slw and(24) and I culd see the grwing depressin each day,I fund myself trying t(25) what she was thinking since I knew she didn't have the energy t write everything dwn,s I(26)fund myself trying t see the wrld frm her eyes.
My wife culdn't(27)，which needed paying clser attentin and made me a gd listener.Because she culdn't write ut every wrd she wanted t speak,she had t be mre (28)abut the wrds she chse.Because f this,ur cmmunicatin became mre(29)and we paid clser attentin t what the ther had t say.
After this(30) I culdn't help thinking abut hw this might help peple wh are having relatinship prblems.I think that if ne r tw persns(31)the nly way they culd(32)was writing their thughts and cmments dwn,I believe it wuld be incredibly gd therapy（疗法） and help peple(33)a lt f prblems.Why nt give it a sht if yu are having any(34)with smene？They dn't have t agree t the n talking(35) because this experiment can be carried ut by just ne persn.
A. causedB. frbadeC. assistedD. rdered
A. surgeryB. accidentC. jkeD. accent
A. schedulesB. cngratulatins
C. cmmentsD. rewards
A. bringB. funnyC. unsafeD. incnvenient
A. break ffB. figure utC. pick ffD. drp in
A. sincerelyB. fearfullyC. cnstantlyD. cautiusly
A. waitB. speakC. listenD. cry
A. curiusB. wrriedC. particularD. crazy
A. valuableB. wildC. matureD. fluent
A. disasterB. experienceC. crisisD. experiment
A. frgtB. cmplainedC. hpedD. agreed
A. receiveB. indicateC. cmmunicateD. expect
A. slveB. attemptC. createD. use
A. excusesB. strugglesC. relatinsD. stre
A. targetsB. cngratulatins
C. lawsD. rules
The impact f pandemic（流行病） n life expectancy（预期寿命），ne f the mst widely used standards t assess ppulatin health,was assessed by a study (1) （publish） in the Infrmatinal Jurnal Epidemilgy.The study (2) （cnduct） by the Oxfrd University's Leverhulme Centre fr Demgraphic （人口的） Science.
The study revealed that wmen frm 15 cuntries and men frm 10 ended up (3) a lwer life expectancy at birth in 2020 cmpared t 2015. (4) biggest drps in life expectancy,hwever,were witnessed in men instead f wmen in mst cuntries.American men were the wrst ff,with 2.2 years shaved ff their life expectancy at birth.Men in Lithuania faced the secnd (5) （large） impact n their life expectancy,with a cut f 1.7 years.
Reductins in life expectancy verall (6) （ ccur） in 27 f the 29 cuntries analyzed by the study.Only men and wmen in Denmark and Nrway and wmen in Finland managed t (7) （successful） avid drps in life expectancy,the study said.Nn- pharmaceutical interventins and strng healthcare systems in these cuntries were cited as (8) （factr） that culd help explain this.
All the cuntries (9) life expectancy drpped had-taken an average f 5、6 years (10) （achieve）.Just a ne year increase in life expectancy.The pandemic wiped ut f this prgress,the study said.
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假定你是李华，你校下周将邀请英国友人来校参观，需要志愿者介绍你校的历史和特色文化。请你写一封申请信，内容包括：
1.申请原因；
2.你的优势；
3.相关经历。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
I culd tell by her face that she was Very anxius."Mrs.Lim,is there smething wrng？" I asked as I glanced at the wall lck.It was almst I was ne f my neighbrs wh lived dwn the street with her ld,sick husband.I immediately thught that Mrs.Lim needed help.
"It's my husband.I think he's having a heart attack.Can yu help me？" she blurted ut（脱口而出）.Her eyes filled with tears.With lightning speed,I changed my clthes.Then,I fllwed Mrs.Lim t her huse.The whle huse was a little musty.As this was my first visit t the Lims' residence,I had a quick glance arund the living rm.There were wall panels cvered with waterclr landscapes,carvings,and crss-stitch （十字绣） pieces.Alng the hallway leading t the kitchen was Mr.Lim,sitting in an armchair.He appeared t be ut f breath.With Mrs.Lim's help,I managed t carry him t the prch where their car was parked.When we finally managed t get him inside the car,I drve t the hspital.
We rushed him t the emergency and casualty ward（临时病室）.The dctr n duty infrmed us that Mr.Lim had suffered a mild was admitted t the intensive care unit （ICU） and I lked after him all night lng.It was then that Mrs.Lim asked me t cntact her sn and cnvey the news.I never knew that Mr.and Mrs.Lim had children.I culd nt recall a time when they ever mentined a sn.I tried t cntact the sn at the given address,but I was tld that he had mved t anther twn with his wife and children.I culd see the pain in Mrs.Lim's face as I tld her the news.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As I was driving hme,I tld myself that I wuld call my wn parents._____________________
Mr.Lim was discharged （准许离开） frm the hspital after ten days._________________答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、B、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Giant Wild Gse Pagda部分"One f the main functins f the pagda was t stre Buddhist scriptures （经文） and figurines brught t China frm India by the famus mnk and traveler Xuan Zang,wh stayed here fr 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.（这是中国传统建筑。这座宝塔的主要功能之一是储存著名僧侣和旅行家玄奘从印度带到中国的佛经和雕像，玄奘在这里翻译佛经达19年之久。）"可知，在Giant Wild Gse Pagda（大雁塔）你可以对佛教了解得更多。故选B。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段"One f the highlights is its lcal snacks when yu tur Xian.（当你游览西安时，其中一个亮点就是当地小吃。）"可知，在那你可以品尝各式各样美味的小吃。故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据Shanxi Histry Museum部分的最后一句"Its cllectins range frm brnze ware （器血） t pttery ware,gld and silver ware and mural paintings frm the Tang Dynasty tmbs.（其收藏范围从青铜器到陶器、金银器和唐代墓葬壁画。）"可知陕西历史博物馆有黄金制成的展品。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个西安的旅游胜地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段"Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng,a retired Tibetan cuple,have becme trailblazers （开拓者） f grape grwing and winemaking in their ld ages. （Hua Sheng和Lu Sheng是一对退休的藏族夫妇，在晚年已成为葡萄种植和酿酒的开拓者。）"及第二段"Lu Sheng learned grape planting and winemaking frm her grandmther's sister.Since they retired,the cuple have mved t Lhasa frm the village f Yakhadi. （Lu Sheng从祖母的姐姐那里学习葡萄种植和酿酒。退休后，这对夫妇从Yakhadi村搬到了拉萨。）"可知，这对夫妻在拉萨种植葡萄并酿制葡萄酒。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段"They received supprt frm the lcal gvernment,which is cmmitted t develping business and the ecnmy.The cuple's prject prvides jbs fr rural residents,and,as a result,the gvernment has cnsidered the prject part f its pverty relief prgram. （他们得到了当地政府的支持，当地政府致力于发展商业和经济。这对夫妇的项目为农村居民提供了就业机会，因此，政府已将该项目视为其扶贫计划的一部分。）"可知，因为他们的项目为农村居民提供工作，雇佣当地居民当工人，所以被当地政府认为是扶贫项目。故选B。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第五段"Anthcyanins,which accumulate （积累） in grape cells and cntribute rich clr t wine,are water-sluble. （花青素在葡萄细胞中积累并为葡萄酒提供丰富的颜色，是水溶性的。）"可知，花青素为葡萄酒提供了丰富的颜色。故选D。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Yudrn,a resident f Nam,said she was grateful t the grape planting prject in her village,which has cntributed t her incme and quality f life. （南村居民Yudrn说，她很感激村里的葡萄种植项目，该项目为她的收入和生活质量做出了贡献。）"可知，对于Hua Sheng和Lu Sheng的葡萄种植项目，Yudrn是心怀感激的。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一对退休的西藏夫妇在晚年搬到拉萨城郊，他们在那里种葡萄并酿制葡萄酒，并为农村居民提供工作，促进了当地经济的发展。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段的"Recrds shw that Canada's First Peples used small sleds t transprt their belngings and fd between camps,Raymnd Flwer writes in The Histry f Skiing and Other Winter Sprts.（Raymnd Flwer在《滑雪和其他冬季运动的历史》一书中写道，记录显示，加拿大的第一批人使用小型雪橇在营地之间运输他们的物品和食物。）"可以推断出，Raymnd Flwer是一位作家。故选A。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段的"Unlike the luge,where cmpetitrs ride feet-first n a sled with metal runners,the skeletn sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance.Riders lie dwn n the sled headfirst,then drp suddenly dwn an ice track.（无舵雪橇是在金属滑轨上，选手要先用脚滑行，而不同于无舵雪橇的是，俯式冰橇是一种外形细长的钢制雪橇。骑手们头朝下躺在雪橇上，然后突然从冰上滑下。）"可知，俯式雪橇与无舵雪橇的不同之处是俯式雪橇需要运动员在滑行时头朝下躺在上面。故选D。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段的"The skeletn sledding was limited t the Cresta Run fr decades because ther bb runs arund the wrld were nt built fr the steel skeletn sled.（几十年来，俯式雪橇一直局限于克雷斯塔滑道，因为世界上其他的雪橇滑道都不是为钢骨架俯式雪橇建造的。）"可知，俯式雪橇数十年来受限于克雷斯塔滑道是因为其他地方的雪橇滑道不适合钢架的俯式雪橇，因此限制了俯式雪橇的普及的是它的钢骨架，故选C。
（4）B.标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的"Wherever they began,sled races quickly became ppular.The famus Cresta Run,named after the Swiss twn near the base f its curse,was built in 1885 using snwbanks.The first rganized cmpetitin was in 1898，hsted by the first bbsled club in nearby St.Mritz （a city in Switzerland）.It was then that sledding began t separate frm the luge t include tw new sprts：bb sledding,and skeletn sledding.（无论从哪里开始，雪橇比赛都很快变得流行起来。著名的克雷斯塔滑道，以滑道底部附近的瑞士小镇命名，于1885年利用雪堆建成。第一次有组织的比赛是在1898年，由圣莫里茨（瑞士的一个城市）附近的第一个雪橇俱乐部主办。就在那时，雪橇开始从雪橇中分离出来，加入了两项新的运动：bb 雪橇和俯式雪橇。）"可知，文章介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展，因此最好的题目是B选项"Hw did sledding develp in Switzerland？（滑雪橇是如何在瑞士发展起来的？）"故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）B．写作手法题。根据第二段"Accrding t the United Natins,331 millin kilgrams f plastic garbage is prduced annually arund the wrld.Rughly 60% f the estimated 9.15 billin tns f plastic prduced since the early 1950s has been taken t landfills r abandned utdrs.（据联合国统计，全球每年产生3.31亿公斤塑料垃圾。自20世纪50年代初以来，估计生产了91.5亿吨塑料，其中大约60%被送到了垃圾填埋场或被丢弃在户外）"可知，作者引用了大量的数据去说明全球塑料垃圾的庞大数量及其处理方式，所以作者是通过列举数据进行段落安排的。故选B项。
（2）D．词句猜测题。根据第三段"Overseas,India stated in August that it plans t put a wide ban n single-use plastics this upcming summer,with the Eurpean Unin already implementing this ban.（在海外，印度8月份表示，计划在即将到来的夏天全面禁止使用一次性塑料，欧盟已经implementing了这一禁令）"可知，印度和欧盟都准备或已经禁止使用一次性塑料，再结合划线后的"禁令"可知，implement的含义应为"实施"，A.lifting提升；B.prtecting保护；C.ppsing反对；D.perfrming实施，表演。故选D项。
（3）D．段落大意题。根据第四段"Seaweed cmes in a variety f species and can be harvested r farmed.Ntpla uses plants that have been farmed.Rdrig Garcia Gnzalez and Pierre Paslie,the inventrs f Ntpla,initially cnsidered seaweed as a slutin t the wrld's plastic prblem fr several reasns.Seaweed is abundant and grws quickly.Additinally it desn't cmpete with land crps and is highly favred fr its ability t remve sme waste prducts like carbn frm the atmsphere.（海藻种类繁多，可以收获或养殖。Ntpla使用种植过的植物。诺普拉（Ntpla）的发明者Rdrig Garcia Gnzalez和Pierre Paslie最初认为海藻可以解决世界塑料问题，原因有几个。海藻丰富，生长迅速。此外，它不与土地作物竞争，并因其从大气中清除碳等废物的能力而备受青睐）"可知，本段主要介绍了使用海藻为原料所具备的优势。故选D项。
（4）C．细节理解题。根据最后一段"The cmpany recgnizes the difficulty f such a jb given the vlume f plastics cnsumed arund the wrld.（考虑到全球塑料消耗量，该公司承认这一工作的难度）"可知，因为全球塑料消耗巨大，所以该公司认为要完全替代一次性塑料的计划是存在困难的。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Ntpla研究生产的以海藻为基础的一次性塑料包装替代品，介绍了其意义、可行性及前景。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】B、C、D、F、G
【解析】（1）B.语境衔接题。根据上文"True beauty is nt fund in lks.真正的美不在于外表。"可知B项（它源自内在）承接上文，指出真正的美在于内在而不在于外在，It指代的就是True beauty,故选B。
（2）C.联系下文题。根据下文"Mirrrs tell us nly a part f what we shw t the uter wrld.G past yur reflectin and see the real self! 镜子只能告诉我们展现给外部世界的一部分。别只关注你的镜像，看看真实的自我。"可知C项（超越你的镜像）正好概括这一话题，选项中的mirrr image 与Mirrrs一致，故选C。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据上文"Eat healthy diet and be cmmitted t a daily exercise rutine.Lts f effrts are needed. 吃健康的饮食，坚持每天锻炼。这需要很大的努力。"可知D项（从长远来看，你会感觉更好）总结了这样做的好处，故选D。
（4）F.推理判断题。根据下文"Hwever,Serena Williams never hides her unusual muscular physique.Instead,her shwing her muscles enhances her appeal.Many fans think she is beautiful.This prves that lking beautiful and attractive ges beynd ur lks. 然而，塞雷娜威廉姆斯从不掩饰她一身不寻常的肌肉。相反，她展示她的肌肉增强了她的吸引力。许多粉丝认为她很漂亮。这证明漂亮和有吸引力不仅仅是我们的外表。"可知其中表示转折的Hwever表明此处是说人们认为美只在于外表而忽略了通过外表体现出来的自信，因此F项（人们普遍认为美只是一个关乎外表的问题）与下文形成转折，从而引出下文小威通过展示别人并不认为是"美"的肌肉来体现自己强大的自信这一例子，故选F。
（5）G.联系下文题。根据下文"Beauty matters t all wmen,but t thse wh age beautifully,it matters neither t much nr t little. 美丽对所有女性都很重要，但对那些优雅着老去的女性来说，这算不上什么问题，G项（不要害怕衰老你会变得更美丽）与之话题一致，指出女性不要害怕变老，优雅着老去也是一种美，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何正确看待美的几个方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、C、D、B、C、B、C、A、B、D、C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.caused引起；B.frbade禁止；C.assisted帮助；D.rdered订购。根据前文"I must admit I am nt a very gd listener."和"t becme a gd listener"可知，妻子的手术帮助作者成为好的倾听者。故选C。
（2）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.surgery外科手术；B.accident事故；C.jke玩笑；D.accent口音。根据前文"after her trachea surgery"可知，作者妻子因为气管手术而不能说话。故选A。
（3）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.schedules日程；B.cngratulatins祝贺；C.cmments评论，意见；D.rewards回报。根据后文"She had a pad"和"the nly way they culd__（12）____was writing their thughts and cmments dwn"可知，妻子在便笺簿上写下自己的意见。故选C。
（4）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.bring令人厌烦的；B.funny可笑的；C.unsafe不安全的；D.incnvenient不方便的。根据前文"Of curse that was very slw"和常识可知，在便笺簿上写字很不方便。故选D。
（5）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.break ff折断；B.figure ut理解；C.pick ff摘掉；D.drp in顺便拜访。根据前文"and I culd see the grwing depressin each day"和后文"what she was thinking"可知，妻子越来越抑郁，作者必须要弄清楚妻子在想什么。故选B。
（6）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.sincerely真诚地；B.fearfully胆怯地；C.cnstantly不断地；D.cautiusly慎重地。根据前文"since I knew she didn't have the energy t write everything dwn"可知，因为妻子不能把一切都写下来，所以作者必须不断地设法从妻子的眼睛看世界。故选C。
（7）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.wait等待；B.speak讲话；C.listen听；D.cry哭。根据前文"She culdn't talk fr almst a mnth because f the___（2）__."可知，妻子因为气管手术而不能说话。故选B。
（8）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.curius好奇的；B.wrried担心的；C.particular讲究的；D.crazy疯狂的。be particular abut对……讲究。根据前文"Because she culdn't write ut every wrd she wanted t speak"可知，因为不能把每一个词都写出来，所以妻子在选词方面特别讲究。故选C。
（9）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.valuable有价值的；B.wild野生的；C.mature成熟的；D.fluent流利的。根据前文"she had t be mre__（8）__abut the wrds she chse."可知，因为妻子在选词方面特别讲究，所以交流变得更有价值。故选A。
（10）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.disaster灾难；B.experience经历；C.crisis危机；D.experiment实验。这里指上文描述的作者妻子因气管手术不能说话与作者用纸笔交流的经历。故选B。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.frgt忘记；B.cmplained抱怨；C.hped希望；D.agreed同意。根据后文"the nly way they culd___（12）__was writing their thughts and cmments dwn"可知，唯一可以交流的方法是写下自己的想法和意见，这需要两个人同意。故选D。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.receive收到；B.indicate指示；C.cmmunicate交流；D.expect期望。根据后文"writing their thughts and cmments dwn"可知，写下自己的想法和意见是为了彼此交流。故选C。
（13）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.slve解决；B.attempt尝试；C.create创造；D.use使用。根据前文"I believe it wuld be incredibly gd therapy"可知，这种疗法可以帮助人们解决很多问题。故选A。
（14）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.excuses借口；B.struggles难事；C.relatins关系；D.stre商店。根据前文"I believe it wuld be incredibly gd therapy"可知，作者认为这种方法可以解决难以处理的事情。故选B。
（15）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.targets目标；B.cngratulatins庆祝；C.laws法律；D.rules规则。根据后文"because this experiment can be carried ut by just ne persn."可知，这种一个人也可以进行，所以不需要同意不说话的规则。故选D。
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从与妻子的特殊交流方式中学会了做一个好的聆听者。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】published
【小题2】was cnducted
【小题3】with
【小题4】The
【小题5】largest
【小题6】ccurred
【小题7】successfully
【小题8】factrs
【小题9】where
【小题10】t achieve
【解析】（1）published.考查过去分词。句意：《流行病学信息杂志》发表的一项研究评估了大流行对预期寿命的影响，预期寿命是评估人口健康最广泛使用的标准之一。句中谓语是"was assessed"，空格处是非谓语动词，study和publish是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词published,表被动。故填published。
（2）was cnducted.考查动词时态语态。句意：这项研究是由牛津大学Leverhulme人口科学中心进行的。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由上文"was assessed by a study（1）_____（publish） in the Infrmatinal Jurnal Epidemilgy"可知，这个研究是过去进行的，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were dne,主语"The study"是单数，因此空格处是was cnducted。故填was cnducted。
（3）with.考查介词。句意：研究显示，与2015年相比，来自15个国家的女性和10个国家的男性在出生时的预期寿命较低。"end up with"是固定短语，意为"以……而结束/告终"，因此空格处是介词with。故填with。
（4）The.考查定冠词。句意：然而，在大多数国家，预期寿命下降最大的是男性，而不是女性。"biggest"是最高级，前面用定冠词the,位于句首，首字母大写，故填The。
（5）largest.考查形容词最高级。句意：立陶宛男性的预期寿命受到的影响排名第二，减少了1.7年。"the secnd"后跟最高级，large的最高级是largest,"the secnd largest"意为"第二大"，故填largest。
（6）ccurred.考查动词时态。句意：该研究分析的29个国家中，有27个国家的预期寿命整体下降。通篇时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式ccurred。故填ccurred。
（7）successfully.考查副词。句意：研究称，只有丹麦和挪威的男性和女性以及芬兰的女性成功避免了预期寿命下降。空格处用副词修饰动词avid,successful的副词是successfully,意为"成功地"。故填successfully。
（8）factrs.考查可数名词的复数。句意：这些国家的非药物干预措施和强大的卫生保健系统被列为有助于解释这一现象的因素。"Nn-pharmaceutical interventins and strng healthcare systems"是复数，因此空格处用复数factrs。故填factrs。
（9）where.考查定语从句。句意：所有预期寿命下降的国家平均都花了5，6年的时间。分析句子结构可知，"life expectancy drpped"是定语从句，先行词cuntries是地方，在从句中作地点状语，因此空格处用关系副词where。故填where。
（10）t achieve.考查动词不定式。句意：所有预期寿命下降的国家平均都花了5，6年的时间。"it takes/tk sb.sme time t d"是固定短语，意为"某人花了一些时间做这件事"，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，空格处所在句子是此固定短语的变形，因此空格处用不定式t achieve,故填t achieve。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一项研究发现---疫情使人的预期寿命下降。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua,a senir 3 student.I have learned that vlunteers fr the freigners frm Britain are needed.【高分句型一】I am writing t apply fr this psitin.（申请原因）
I d believe that I am qualified fr the jb.Firstly,I have an extensive knwledge f ur schl's histry and culture.Besides,I have a gd cmmand f English,making it easy fr me t cmmunicate with freign guests freely.【高分句型二】Mre imprtantly,I have been invlved in a gd deal f receptin wrk.（你的优势和相关经历）
Thanks fr yur time and cnsideratin.I wuld appreciate it if I culd be chsen fr this jb.（表达感激）
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I have learned that vlunteers fr the freigners frm Britain are needed.
翻译：我了解到来自英国的外国人需要志愿者。
分析：本句使用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Besides,I have a gd cmmand f English,making it easy fr me t cmmunicate with freign guests freely.
翻译：此外，我的英语很好，这使我很容易与外宾自由交流。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语making it easy fr me t cmmunicate with freign guests freely作结果状语。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】As I was driving hme,I tld myself that I wuld call my wn parents.I had nt cntacted them fr almst a mnth and my cnscience bit me.I had always thught that I had s much wrk t d and culdn't spare enugh time t visit them.【高分句型一】They had devted mst f their time t lking after me fr a gd part f their lives.I was sbbing terribly all the way hme,ashamed f my neglect.Maybe they were suffering frm the same scene as my neighbrs.（作者想起自己许久没有联系的父母以及心理的感悟）
Mr.Lim was discharged（准许离开）frm the hspital after ten days.He made a speedy recvery.Apart frm his unclear speech,he appeared healthy and happy a mnth after the incident.I didn't knw whether they had cntacted with their sn,but what I tk frm the incident helped me a lt. 【高分句型二】The incident has helped me t knw what is imprtant t me.It has als made me realize that when we give a helping hand t thse wh need ur assistance,the wrld will be a better place t live in.（林先生康复以及作者的感悟）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在帮助中风的老邻居时，知道他们的孩子不能及时联系上，不能来照顾生病的父母时，邻居非常痛苦，从而想到自己也已经很久没有与父母联系了，因而受到启发，让自己懂得了生活中什么更重要的，以及助人为乐让世界更美好的故事。
高分句型一：I had always thught that I had s much wrk t d and culdn't spare enugh time t visit them.
翻译：我一直认为我有很多工作要做，没有足够的时间去拜访他们。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：I didn't knw whether they had cntacted with their sn,but what I tk frm the incident helped me a lt.
翻译：我不知道他们是否联系过他们的儿子，但我从这件事中得到的帮助很大。
分析：本句运用了whether引导宾语从句，what引导主语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。