北京西城2022届高三二模英语试题（含答案）

这是一份北京西城2022届高三二模英语试题（含答案），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分:知识运用（共两节，30分)
第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、CD四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
l wke up ne mrning with six hungry kids and just 75 cents in my pcket. Their father was gne. He had never been much mre than a presence they 1_______. Nw that he had decided t leave, there wuld be n mre beatings, 2_______ n fd either.
l washed the kids and then 3_______ them int my ld 51 Chevy and drve ff t find a jb.
l tried t 4_______ whever wuld listen that I was willing t learn anything. I had t have a jb. The last place we went t was the Big Wheel truck stp. They needed smene frm 1 1 pm t7 am. They paid $0.65 an hur and I culd start immediately.
l called the babysitter and 5_______ with her. We came t an agreement—$1 a night. S every mrning I gave her $1 f my tip mney— 6 half f what I averaged every night!
As weeks went by, the tires n my Chevy began t leak. One miserable mrning, l 7_______ myself t the car and fund fur tires in the back seat. New tires! Had angels (天使) taken up residence in Indiana? I 8_______.
l was nw wrking six nights instead f five and it still wasn't enugh. Christmas was cming and there was n mney fr tys. Clthes were a wrry t.
On Christmas Eve the usual custmers were drinking cffee in the Big Wheel. There were the truckers, Les, Frank, and Jim. These 9_______ all just sat arund and talked. When it was time fr me t g hme, I fund several bxes in my Chevy filled with little jeans, tys and an enrmus turkey. I culd nt believe my eyes!
l was crying with gratitude. And I will never frget the jy n the faces f my little nes that 10_______ mrning.
Yes, there were angels in Indiana that lng-ag December mrning. And they all hung ut at the Big Wheel truck stp.
1. A. ignredB. appreciatedC. fearedD. recgnized
2. A. sB. butC. becauseD. r
3. A. ladedB. mvedC. invitedD. handed
4. A. questinB. teach C. cnsultD. cnvince
5. A. arguedB. bargainedC. agreedD. planned
6. A. nlyB. definitelyC. fullyD. clearly
7. A. draggedB. rlledC. directedD. carried
8. A. prayedB. cncludedC. annuncedD. wndered
9. A. visitrsB. regularsC. neighbrsD. strangers
10. A. cmfrtable B. satisfyingC. preciusD. educatinal
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Humans like t live near rivers and they ften find 11_______ (they) needing t crss them. The simplest way acrss a river is t frd it. Frding is t find 12_______ the river is shallw and crss it safely withut using a bat. It means 13_______ (pretend) the river is nt there, cntinuing t walk, and hping fr the best. But smetimes even water at shallw areas can be surprisingly dangerus, 14_______ is because it's nt always easy t tell hw fast the water is mving. It nly takes ankle-deep water t sweep a persn ff their feet.
B
Since last mnth, mre than half f America's schl districts 15_______ (reprt) “severe” r "desperate” schl bus driver shrtages. Suffering like this makes them thankful fr peple like Michael Masn. Driving a schl bus isn't Michael Masn's first jb; he used t wrk fr the gvernment, But unlike many retirees, Masn is nt sitting hme and relaxing. 16_______ (lend) a helping hand, he started a new jb -a bus driver. Masn hpes t inspire thers in the cmmunity. He says, "I believe if all f us give a little smething, we 17_______ (make) a difference in the wrld.”
C
Once upn a time, lighthuses. built t help guide ships away frm dangerus rcks and reefs, 18_______ (lcate) in wild, remte areas. They were cnsidered 19_______ (lnely) places in the wrld t live and wrk. Tday, with autmatic lighting that can guide ships at sea, the lighthuse is a thing f the past. Still, many light huses thrughut the wrld have been preserved 20_______ museums r imprtant buildings. Sme have even been turned int restaurants r htels. They are places fr peple t visit and t g back in time.
第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，38分)
第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
21.What infrmatin can we get frm the advertisement?
A. The Ember Mug can keep drinks warm fr a limited time.
B. It is impssible t skip advertisements while using Kindle Paperwhite.
C. Users knw their family are thinking f them when the Friendship Lamp is n.
D. Clicking a buttn n the Esky receiver enables users t find things they've lst.
22. What feature d the fur prducts have in cmmn?
A. Online availability.
B. Easy peratin.
C. Special discunt.
D. Smartphne cntrl.
23. Wh is this advertisement intended fr?
A. Family members wanting t buy gifts fr their elders.
B. Sales peple studying grandparents' preferences.
C. Cmpanies selling prducts t elderly peple.
D. Grandparents favring advanced technlgy.
B
My name is Stella Yung. I grew up in a very small cuntry twn in Victria. I had a very nrmal, lw-key kind f upbringing. 1 went t schl; I hung ut with my friends; I fught with my yunger sisters. It was all very nrmal. And when I was 15, a member f my lcal cmmunity apprached my parents and wanted t submit my name fr a cmmunity achievement award. My parents said, "Hmm, that's really nice, but there's kind f ne bvius prblem with that. She hasn't actually achieved anything.” And they were right. Yu knw I went t schl, I gt gd marks, and I had a very lw-key after-schl jb in my mum's hairdressing saln.
Years later, I was n my secnd teaching rund in a Melburne high schl, and l was abut 20 minutes int a year-1l Legal Studies class when a by put up his hand and said, "Hey Miss, when are yu ging t start yur speech?”
And l said, "What speech?”
And he said, “Yu knw, like, yur mtivatinal speaking. Yu knw, when peple in wheelchairs cme t schl, they usually say, like, inspiratinal stuff. lt's usually in the big hall.”
And that was the mment I realized that this kid had nly ever experienced disabled peple as bjects f inspiratin.
Fr lts f us, disabled peple are nt ur teachers r ur dctrs. We're nt real peple. We are there t inspire. Yeah, we've been sld the lie that disability is a bad thing, and t live with a disability makes yu exceptinal.
It's nt a bad thing, and it desn't make yu exceptinal. And in the past few years, we've been able t spread this lie even further thrugh scial media.
Life as a disabled persn is actually smewhat difficult. We d vercme smethings. But they have nthing t d with ur bdies. I use the term “disabled peple" purpsely, because l subscribe t what's called the scial mdel f disability. This mdel tells us that we are mre disabled by the sciety that we live in than by ur bdies and ur diagnses (诊断).
l want t live in a wrld where we dn't have such lw expectatins f disabled peple that we are cngratulated fr getting ut f bed and remembering ur wn names in the mrning. I want t live in a wrld where we value disabled peple's real achievement. And I want t live in a wrld where a year-11 kid in a Melburne high schl is nt ne bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user.
24. What can we learn frm Stella Yung in the first paragraph?
A. She culdn't get alng well with her friends and sisters.
B. She played a key rle at her mum's hairdressing saln.
C. She received an award fr a great achievement.
D. She lived an rdinary life in a cuntry twn.
25. What can we infer frm the dialgue between Stella Yung and the by?
A. The by didn't have much life experience.
B. Peple have fixed ideas abut the disabled.
C. The disabled can’t find decent jbs because they are incapable.
D. Stella Yung felt uncmfrtable because f the by's impliteness.
26. Accrding t the passage, Stella Yung may agree that ______.
A. scial media ffends the public by spreading lies abut the disabled
B. the disabled are less likely t be successful in their careers
C. sciety's attitude makes disabled peple's life difficult
D. peple's expectatins f the disabled are t high
27. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. On the jurney t becming exceptinal
B. The secret behind my disability
C. Shw sympathy t the disabled
D. I'm nt yur inspiratin
C
Music is a pwerful thing. It awakens feelings and has the pwer t bring peple tgether. But tday， artists are nt knwn fr their music, but fr hw flashy their clthing is and hw many times their wealthy relatives can get them ut f jail (监狱). And thus, their music is lst.
Pp and rap music has develped int a shallw, image-addicted industry that lines up with what the public wants t hear and see, remving the fcus n the actual music. Main stream music is n lnger cmpsed f emtin, but instead, themes f mney and fame. Phts and rumrs fly while the music is ignred.
Nt all musical grups r individual artists begin like this. Many f these artists are riginal and talented, but turn t the mney side. Often their sngs are written by experts wh knw what is appealing t a certain age grup， and the musicians' faces can be seen n cuntless magazine cvers. Sn their suppsedly new and imprved sngs can be heard blasting ut f car windws. But these sngs are ttally empty, lacking creativity and the riginal thirst f the artist t make an impact r cnvey (传递) a message.
MTV is nt helping. It plays nly what the public wants t hear. And unfrtunately, the majrity seems interested in either sickly sweet, generic pp r steretypical (刻板的), bleeped-ut rap. Kids and teens everywhere are swimming in these sngs, which are ften degrading t wmen and minrities, and inapprpriate.
Almst all the girls in my drm are addicted t the same sngs. This was the case the previus year, and the year befre that. Whenever l try t play music I enjy, r intrduce them t sme decent sngs, they say that everyne except me likes their music.
Why d mst teenagers nly listen t pp and rap music when s many ther types exist? Maybe it's because everywhere we lk, we are bmbarded with the same music: n the radi, n TV, n the cmputer. At schl, pp and rap are discussed all the time. Perhaps they have never listened t anything else. Or maybe peer pressure is part f it.
There is n slutin t the “pp prblem". It's called ppular fr a reasn-many peple enjy it. There's n easy way t change their views. My suggestin is nt t buy music like this when yu can explre smething new. Expand yur hrizns. Dig up yur parents’ ld recrds and CDs. Yu never knw what yu might find.
28. The authr prbably prefers ______.
A. new pp sngs meant fr girls
B. riginal sngs with deep meaning
C. catchy sngs prduced by ppular singers
D. never-heard-befre sngs just recently discvered
29. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Many artists trade creativity fr wealth and fame.
B. The public is respnsible fr the existence f music.
C. MTV prmtes the sngs favred by wmen and minrities.
D. Musicians singing abut mney is an ineffective way t attract fans.
30. What is mst prbably the authr's suggestin fr yung peple?
A. Try t respect yur peers’ music tastes.
B. Deal with the "pp prblem" patiently.
C. Expse yurself t varius music styles.
D. Treasure the music frm previus generatins.
D
NASA will crash a spacecraft int an asterid (小行星) t try t change its rbit, attempting t prevent humans ging the same way as the dinsaurs.
Earth is cnstantly being disturbed by small pieces f debris(碎片), but they usually burn up r break up lng befre they hit the grund. Once in a while, hwever, smething large enugh t d significant damage makes impact. Abut 66 millin years ag, ne such crash is thught t have wiped ut the dinsaurs. Smeday, smething similar culd end human beings—unless we can find a way t tackle it.
NASA's Duble Asterid Redirectin Test (Dart) missin is the first attempt t test if such asterid redirectin is a realistic strategy: investigating whether a spacecraft can autnmusly reach a target asterid and intentinally crash int it, as well as measuring the amunt f redirectin. "If it wrks, it wuld be a big deal, because it wuld prve that we have the technical capability f prtecting urselves.," said Jay Tate, the directr f the Natinal Near Earth Object Infrmatin Center.
The 610kg Dart spacecraft is scheduled t be launched at the target—the Didyms system—a harmless pair f asterids cnsisting f a 163-metre “mnlet” asterid called Dimrphs that rbits a larger 780-metre asterid called Didyms (Greek fr “twin”). The plan is t crash the spacecraft int Dimrphs when the asterid system is at its clsest t-Earth abut 6.8 millin miles away.
Abut 10 days befre impact, a miniaturized satellite called Licia Cube will separate frm the main spacecraft, enabling images f the impact t be relayed back t Earth. Cmbined with bservatins frm grund-based telescpes, and an n bard camera that will recrd the final mments befre the crash, these recrdings will enable scientists t calculate the degree t which the impact has changed Dimrphs's rbit. The expectatin is that it will change the speed f the smaller asterid by apprximately 1% and reduce its rbit arund the larger asterid.
Then, in Nvember 2024, the Eurpean Space Agency's Hera spacecraft will visit the Didyms system and cnduct a further clse-up analysis f the cnsequences f this snker (斯诺克)game, recrding details such as the precise makeup and internal structure f Dimrphs, and the size and shape f the hle left by Dart. Such details are vital fr transfrming asterid redirectin int a repeatable technique.
Even then, it is impssible that any single redirectin strategy wuld be enugh. "The prblem is that n tw asterids r cmets are alike, and hw yu redirect ne depends n a huge number f variables. There is n silver bullet in this game. What yu need is a whle flder f different redirectin methds fr different types f targets,” said Tate.
S, while this may be ne small step twards planetary prtectin, many mre are likely t be necessary t avid destructin.
31. What is the purpse f Paragraph 2?
A. T examine the impact f dinsaurs' extinctin.
B. T explain the necessity f launching a spacecraft.
C. T shw the damage caused by small pieces f debris.
D. T highlight the crisis threatening human beings at present.
32. Which f the fllwing pictures illustrates the missin?
33. What is the functin f Licia Cube?
A. Sending impact data back t Earth.
B. Calculating the length f Dimrphs's rbit.
C. Helping the satellite separate frm the spacecraft.
D. Recrding the scientists’ grund-based bservatins.
34.What des the underlined sentence “There is n silver bullet in this game"” mean?
A. There is n challenge t big t vercme.
B. There is n pssibility t satisfy NASA's needs.
C. There is n single slutin t the cmplex prblem.
D. There is n strategy t help make an bvius decisin.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Usually when smene is disgusted by smething, he feels it is unpleasant and stays away frm it, s disgust mstly prtects peple frm getting sick. Hwever, getting a little dirty can have its advantages. Studies shw that kids under age ne wh physically interact with a dg will have a 13% reductin in the likelihd f develping asthma, a breathing prblem.
ln the late 1860s, Charles Darwin prpsed that being disgusted culd have a develpmental purpse. 35_______ He guessed that the early humans mst likely t feel disgusted survived t pass n their genes (基因), while the mre nutritinally daring died ff.
36_______ It wasn't until the early 1990s, a time when gameshws eagerly slimed cntestants, that disgust gt mre attentin in psychlgical and behaviral research. Since then, scientists have identified different types f disgust and have explred hw they affect the way we behave.
The research shws that Darwin was basically right: disgust is a majr part f the behaviral immune system that prtects peple frm disease, a cllectin f actins influenced by sme f the mst natural reactins that keep ur bdies in superir cnditin. We already knw that nt all germs(病菌) are bad fr us. 37_______ Science als tells us that getting a bit dirty helps peple mre readily fight disease.
“Disgust is assciated with fewer infectins, s it is a helpful emtin in disease-relevant cntexts," says Jshua Ackerman, an assciate prfessr f psychlgy at the University f Michigan. Hwever, he says it can be a duble-edged swrd. 38_______ And sme f thse things culd actually imprve ur health.
39_______ Disgust is part f sciety's balance. T little, and we might get sick. T much f it can harm ur health. Figuring ut this cmplex prblem culd help researchers understand a variety f human behavirs.
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43.题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A new study asks the questin: D cnversatins end when peple want them t? The answer is n.
The study included tw parts.
The first part was an nline survey that asked 806 peple whether there was a mment recently they had wanted t end a cnversatin with a clse friend and t estimate when that mment was in relatin t when the talk reached its cnclusin. The secnd part invlved-252 peple paired up with strangers in a lab t chat abut whatever they felt like fr anywhere between ne and 45 minutes.
67 percent f the respndents in the first part f the study said they wanted the cnversatin t end befre it actually did, and mst had secretly wished the chat had been either 50 percent lnger r 50 percent shrter than it was.
"Whatever yu think the ther persn wants, yu may well be wrng," says Adam Mastrianni, a psychlgy researcher at Harvard University and the study's lead authr. "S yu might as well leave when it seems apprpriate, because it's better t be left wanting mre than less."
In the secnd part f the study, nearly 70 percent f the peple reprted wanting the cnversatin t be ver befre it ended. Just tw percent f the cnversatins wrapped up at a time bth peple were happy with, and 30 percent f them ended when ne f the parties wanted.
The researchers als asked study participants t guess when their cnversatinal partners had wanted t stp 'talking. Thse guesses were wrng, either ver r underestimating the ther persn's desire t cntinue the talk, by abut 64 percent f the cnversatin's actual length.
Taken tgether, the results suggest that we aren't very skilled at estimating each thers’ desires abut when t end a cnversatin.
Thalia Wheatley, a scial psychlgist at Dartmuth Cllege says the findings are imprtant, adding that cnversatins are “an elegant expressin f jint cperatin". Hwever, she says,"lt all falls apart at the end because we just can't figure ut when t stp."”
Mastrianni says his takeaway is that trying t guess what smene yu're chatting with wants is almst pintless. "Yu really have n idea when the ther persn wants t g. S maybe, stp trying and just relax and enjy the cnversatin.?
40. Where were the tw parts f the study carried ut?
41. In what way were the participants' guesses wrng in the secnd part f the study?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
lt's easy t find a prper time t end a cnversatin with a clse friend.
43. If yu desire t end a cnversatin, wuld yu tell the ther persn directly? Why
r why nt?(In abut 40 wrds)
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将在暑期举办英语夏令营活动，正在招募外籍志愿者担任助教。请给你的英国朋友Jim写封邮件，希望他参加招募，内容包括:
1. 夏令营相关信息;
2. 外籍助教的职责。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1-5 CBADB 6-10 CADBC
11. themselves
12. where
13. pretending
14. which
15. have reprted/have been reprting
16. T lend
17. will make
18. were lcated
19. the lneliest
20. as
21-25 CBADB
26-30 CDBAC
31-34 BDAC
35-39 FDAEG
40. Online and in a lab.
41. By either ver r underestimating the ther persn's desire t cntinue the talk.
42. It's easy t find a prper time t end a cnversatin with a clse friend.
It's difficult t find a prper time t end a cnversatin with a clse friend, because peple have n idea when the ther persn wants t stp talking.
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A. They wrk with ur bdy t maintain a balance.
B. They were quite certain that being disgusted culd benefit peple.
C. Nbdy is quite sure whether disgust is a psitive r negative thing.
D. Fr many years afterward, thugh, scientists didn't pay much attentin t disgust.
E. What he means is that it's als assciated with dislike fr unfamiliar things, like fd.
F. Disgust became advanced t prevent ur ancestrs frm eating spiled fd that might kill them.
G. Researchers acrss fields cntinue t explre disgust s we can better understand ur wrld and urselves.