人教版英语八年级下册Unit-2 知识点梳理及同步练习 (无答案)

Unit 2  I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

【知识梳理】

【重点词汇】

1.cheer 欢呼 2.volunteer 志愿者 3.notice 发现 4.lonely 孤单的

5.several 几个 6.feeling 感觉 7.satisfaction 满意 8.owner 拥有者

9.raise 提高，上升10.alone 独自，一个人11.repair 修理

12.train 训练13.kindness 善良 14.change 改变 15. disabled 残疾的

【重点短语】

1. clean up 清扫 2. give out 分发，发放 3. cheer up=make…happier 使...高兴

4. come up with =think up 提出，想出 5. write down写下，记下

6. set up=establish 建立 7. volunteer one‘s time to do sth.自愿花时间做...

8. make plans计划干... 9. use up用完，耗尽 10. take after在性格或长相方面与父母相象

11. fix up修理 12. give away捐赠 13. be similar to与...相似

14. hung out闲荡 15. disabled people残疾人

16. go out of one‘s way to do sth帮助...做事，解决难题17. train sb. to do sth.... 训练某人做某事

【重点句型】

1. I hope to work outside. 我希望到外面工作。

2. I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 我想要学习更多有关于如何能照顾动物的方法。

3. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners‘ faces.

当我看到动物变得更健康以及它们主人脸上高兴的表情时，我得到一种强烈的满足感。

4. You could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

【单元语法难点】

一般将来时:将来时间计划发生或将要发生的动作和存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如:

tomorrow ….,next …,the day after tomorrow , in 5 minutes ,soon,等。

构成:will do/be & be going to do/be 例如: I‘ll help clean the city parks next week

【高频考点】

1.hunger   n.饥饿   adj.饥饿的

Eg. In the old days, many people died of hunger.旧社会，许多人死于饥饿。

2.homeless adj.无家可归的。在名词词尾加后缀less变为否定形容词。

如:1) help+less=helpless : 意为无助的;   2) care+ less=careless意为粗心的;

3)hope+ less=hopeless无望的;      4) use+ less=useless无用的。

3. set v.摆放、放置、(太阳)落下

set up 建立     set off=set out 出发、动身

4.cheer v. cheer up sb. 或cheer sb. up意为(使某人)高兴起来，振作起来。

如果是代词做宾语，则将代词放在中间。

5.fix v.修理 fix up相当于repair，表示修理，修补，整理,其后跟物件名词作宾语。特别提示。如果fix up的宾语是―人的话，则构成fix sb. up with sth.句型，表示为某人安排某件事，向某人提供某物。

Eg:I‘ll fix you up with a place to stay. 我来给你安排住处。

6.similar adj.相似的 be similar to意为与……类似; be the same as与……完全相同。take after sb. 表示长相或举止像(某个长辈)，不能用于被动语态。

7. pleasure意为高兴，快乐，是不可数名词;表示―乐趣，高兴的事时是可数名词。

在口语中It‘s pleasure. 是回答感谢的客套语。

— Thank you for your help. 感谢你的帮助。

—It‘s a pleasure. 不用谢。= It‘s my pleasure

8.shut v, (shut, shut) 关，在许多情况下可以与close互换，只是后者语气较弱，

Close the door关门(也可能指半开半闭)，shut the door关门(指把门关紧)。◎

铁路或交通工具或作结束讲时，只用close。

Eg:They have closed the road for thick fog. 由于大雾，那条公路被关闭。

补充：turn off用来表示关闭有开关的东西，如收音机、电视、煤气、水龙头等。

9. carry v.搬运，携带，不表示带到什么地方，而携带的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。

10. fetch v. 相当于go and bring back，意为取来，接来，表示一往一返。

【同步练习】

一、根据句意和首字母，填写所缺单词。

1. I am very a_____. Give me some food, please.

2. It‘s Friday today. Don‘t p____ off it any more.

3. He is a v_______, and he often treats some animals.

4. My computer is broken. He is r_____ it for me.

5. His father is able. He can s_____ this problem by himself.

6. There is a s_____. It says―No Smoking!‖.

7. I love dogs because they never c______ and they‘re grateful.

8. Lucy and Lily are twins, so they are s_____ in many ways.

二、用所给词的正确形式填空

1. I‘d like to help _____(home) people.

2. Listen! The baby ______(cry). Go and have a look.

3. The students of Cass Five___________(put on) an English play next week.

4. I fell good about _________(help) other people.

5. The monkey made all the people ________(laugh).

6. You can‘t put off _________(make) a study plan .

7. Tom loves animals and plans _______(study)to be a veterinarian when he leaves school .

8 Li Ming is a ______(nine) grade student who wants to be a doctor .

9 He now has sixteen bikes ______(fix) up and give away to children who don‘t have bikes .

10 Thank you for ______(send) a letter to me

三、单项选择

(     )1. I‘ve no pen ______ me. Would you lend one ____me?

A. without, for   B. with, to   C. to, for   D. for, to

(     )2. We‘re going to _____ many schools in the west of China.

A. cheer up    B. set up   C. pull off   D. put on

(     )3. Do you need to _____ a plan for your holiday?

A. give out  B. gave out   C. give off  D. come up with

(     )4. On weekends I like to _____at the English club with my friends.

A. hang out   B. look out  C. hand out   D. give out

(     )5. The lazy man has _____his money, so he has to borrow some money from others.

A. use out  B. ran out  C. run out of  D. cost

(     )6. Be quiet please, class. I‘ll going to ____your test papers.

A give away    B give out    C give off     D give to

(     )7.They live in a place ____Gum Tree

A to call  B calling  C called  D calls

(     )8. Place try to get there on time .Don‘t keep us____

A to wait  B waited  C wait  D waiting

(     )9.The driver saw an old man ______ on the side of the road. 

A. lie    B. lay    C. lying    D. to lie

(     )10.You look tired, you should have a good rest for _______ days. 

A. a few   B. few   C. a little   D. little

四、阅读理解

A

On June 26, 2000, two scientists, called Francis Collins and Craig Venter, told the world that they could now read the whole map of the human body: DNA. DNA is something that everybody has, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.

People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things named genes in our body. In

1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language.

In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (细胞)

to build its parts. Scientists have now found all the words in the DNA map, but we still do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one word means, we can help save more people from several illnesses.

Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people. Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information, we might use it in a wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people from getting jobs. Man would have to meet a lot of trouble if DNA technic wasn‘t limited in use.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

(     )1. When did we first know why we look like other people in our family?

A. In 1860. B. In 1953. C. In 1961. D. In 2000.

(     )2. What does the underlined word gene mean?

A. The map of DNA.   B. A special language.   C. Small parts of DNA.   D. DNA.

(     )3. What did the two scientists first discover in 1961?

A. The map of DNA.  B. A new illness.  C. The language of DNA.  D. A message of DNA.

(     )4. What can we do if we understand some ―words‖ of the language inside the body?

A. Make people get new jobs.

B. Make medicine for illnesses.

C. Make maps of human.

D. Make people less attractive.

(     )5. What do people think about this work?

A. It can cause good or bad results.

B. It can cause only good results.

C. It can cause good results but won‘t work.

D. It can cause only bad results. 

B

In March, 2013, the H7N9 virus hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and so on. It seemed that most people who were infected with H7N9 had the common flu. Some people suffered from a fever or a cough.

   Don’t be afraid--it’s not easy to be infected with the virus. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself when it comes.

   Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and hot water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses.

   Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes or coughs, flu viruses an travel as far as one meter through the air, so you’d better keep a proper distance while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough, and then clean your hands.

   Wear a mask. Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 80%, but if you don’t wash your hands often, it’s no use wearing a mask. And it’s neccessary to wear the mask in the groups of people.

   Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

(     )6. Most people who were infected with H7N9 had _____.

A. a common flu   B. a stomachache   C. a headache   D. a cold

(     )7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Some people who were infected with the H7N9 virus had a toothache.

B. You should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough.

C. Some doctors say that masks can stop the flu as much as 100%.

D. It’s easy to be infected with the H7N9 virus.

(     )8. How many ways to stop the virus are mentioned in the passage?

   A. Three.   B. Four   C. Five.  D. Six.

(     )9. What does the underlineed word “resist” mean in Chinese?

A. 抵抗  B. 传播   C. 感染   D. 消灭

(     )10. What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. It tells us how to wash hands.       

B. It tells us why we should use masks.

C. It tells us not to touch animals.      

D. It gives us some advice on how to protect ourselves when the H7N9 virus comes.