2022年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练 39 关注美国加州森林大火 保护生命财产生态安全

这是一份2022年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练 39 关注美国加州森林大火 保护生命财产生态安全，共22页。试卷主要包含了  美国加州北部山火持续，  美国加州多处山火致3等内容，欢迎下载使用。

背景事件
美国加州山火
自2015年以来，美国加利福尼亚州山火频发。其中伤亡最多的是2017年加州山火，导致23人死亡、180人受伤、数百人失踪。
2020年9月4日晚，加州塞拉利昂国家森林发生大火，火势迅速扩大。截至2020年9月10日，2020年加州的过火面积已超过12500平方公里，打破了历史纪录。
2021年6月24日在锡斯基尤县燃起的“熔岩”山火被称为加州2021年迄今为止最严重的一次山火。
参考资料
1. 美国加州山火持续蔓延 过火达78平方公里环球网[引用日期2020-07-19]
2. 烧没10个纽约！美加州山火2020过火面积创纪录海外网[引用日期2020-09-07]
3. 美国西部山火致33死，加州过火面积达上万平方公里打破纪录_澎湃国际_澎湃新闻-The Paper澎湃新闻[引用日期2020-09-14]
4. 美国加州山火再起 火光映红夜空环球网[引用日期2020-12-04]
5. 美国加州“熔岩”山火持续燃烧，过火面积超70平方公里新浪[引用日期2021-07-01]
6. 美国加州北部山火持续：不断有建筑被毁 疏散区附近发生冲突环球网[引用日期2021-07-04]
7. 全球1/10巨型红杉树毁于去年美国加州山火人民日报[引用日期2021-07-14]
8. 美国山火肆虐加州，至少造成8人失踪|界面新闻 · 快讯界面新闻[引用日期2021-08-08]
9. 美国北加州卡尔多山火迅速蔓延 数千人被迫撤离_新闻_央视网(cctv.cm)央视网[引用日期2021-08-19]
10. 美国加州多处山火致3.6万人被疏散-今日头条-手机光明网手机光明网[引用日期2021-08-20]
11. 美国加州北部山火持续：不断有建筑被毁 疏散区附近发生冲突环球网[引用日期2021-08-21]
12. 烧没10个纽约！美加州山火2020过火面积创纪录 - 资讯 - 海外网海外网[引用日期2021-08-21]
13. 被山火包围加州游客跳湖保命 近200人被困10小时获救_国际新闻_国内国际_新闻频道_福州新闻网福州新闻网[引用日期2021-08-21]
14. 美国加州山火肆虐，近160万公顷土地被毁|界面新闻 · 快讯快讯[引用日期2021-08-21]
15. 美国加州山火持续肆虐 降雨无望减弱火势环球网[引用日期2021-08-21]
16. 美国加州多处山火持续 烟雾或会加剧感染新冠及死亡风险-今日头条-手机光明网手机光明网[引用日期2021-08-21]
17. 美国加州大规模山火还在烧 州长请求总统宣布8个县为重灾区-今日头条-手机光明网手机光明网[引用日期2021-08-24]
18. 美国“卡尔多”山火肆虐 已烧毁超过600座建筑物环球网[引用日期2021-08-31]
19. 美国加州大火肆虐 房屋被火海吞噬环球网[引用日期2021-08-31]
20. 美国加州山火威胁不断 一天之内又爆发三起新火灾环球网[引用日期2021-09-07]
一、阅读单选
A
Have yu watched news n TV r read newspaper recently? It has been a difficult time fr peple in Califrnia, US during the past mnth. As we all knw, wildfires have spread thrugh much f the state. Accrding t CBS, at least 31 peple have died s far. This makes them the mst terrible wildfires in Califrnia s far.
Wildfires are uncntrlled fires. They usually happen in areas where few peple live. They are mst cmmn in wden areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are als knwn as frest fires r grass fires, r as bushfires in Australia.
Lightning and vlcanic eruptins(火山爆发) can cause wildfires. Hwever, 90 % f wildfires are caused by peple. Accrding t the US Natinal Park Service, burning campfires and garbage debris(碎片), cigarette butts and acts f arsn(纵火) can easily cause wildfires.
Dry and ht weather, as well as wind, creates perfect wildfire cnditins. They help wildfires spread quickly and last fr weeks.
Wildfires can burn at ver 900℃ and reach heights f mre than 50 metres. Wildfires can mve at a speed f up t 23 kilmetres an hur, burning everything — trees, bushes, hmes, even peple, in their path.
The fires are als dangerus t animals. In Australia, kalas can’t get enugh water frm tree leaves because f wildfires. They have t leave their trees and find water smewhere else.
But smetimes, fires can be helpful fr sme plants. Heat frm the fires makes sme fungi (真菌), such as mrel mushrms(羊肚蘑), grw better. Peple can find mre f them in the wild after a fire.
Hpe that wildfires will never happen again.
1．Accrding t the writer, which f the fllwing can NOT cause wildfires?
A．Lightning and vlcanic eruptins.B．Burning campfires and cigarette butts.
C．Acts f arsn.D．Cking meals at hme.
2．Which is NOT true t describe wildfires?
A．Wildfires usually happen in areas where many peple live.
B．Wildfires can burn at ver 900℃.
C．Wildfires reach heights f mre than 50 metres.
D．Wildfires can mve at a speed f up t 23 kilmetres an hur.
3．The heat f wildfires is helpful t ________.
A．pepleB．animalsC．treesD．mrel mushrms
4．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．The Terrible WildfiresB．The Reasns f Wildfires
C．The Advantages f WildfiresD．The Disadvantages f Wildfires
5．Yu may find the passage in ________.
A．a nvelB．a magazineC．a diaryD．a textbk
【答案】
1-5．DADAB
【解析】
文章主要是介绍了在美国加利福尼亚州的山火情况，包括引发山火的原因以及危害等。
1．细节理解题。根据“Accrding t the US Natinal Park Service, burning campfires and garbage debris(碎片), cigarette butts and acts f arsn(纵火) can easily cause wildfires.”可知，在家做饭不会引起山火，故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“Wildfires are uncntrlled fires. They usually happen in areas where few peple live.”可知，山火通常发生在很少有人居住的地区，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“But smetimes, fires can be helpful fr sme plants. Heat frm the fires makes sme fungi (真菌), such as mrel mushrms(羊肚蘑), grw better.”可知，火的热量会对羊肚菌的成长更好。故选D。
4．最佳标题题。根据“Have yu watched news n TV r read newspaper recently? It has been a difficult time fr peple in Califrnia, US during the past mnth. As we all knw, wildfires have spread thrugh much f the state.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍了在美国加利福尼亚州的山火情况，包括引发山火的原因以及危害等，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“…Accrding t CBS, at least 31 peple have died s far. This makes them the mst terrible wildfires in Califrnia s far.”以及文章的理解可知，主要是介绍山火的情况，这样的文章应是在杂志上看到的，故选B。
B
Smke fills the sky. The day is as dark as night. Heat makes it hard t breathe(呼吸). This is the wrld f a wildfire fighter(消防员)!
Wildfires are a part f nature. But, as ne firefighter says, “Fire is nt a prblem. Peple living near fire—that’s the prblem.”A wildfire can destry(毁坏) everything in its way. But there are ways t fight it.
By air
Smkejumpers(空降森林灭火员) are ften the first firefighters t reach a fire. T get clser, they jump frm a plane. They are especially imprtant when the area is difficult t walk t. If smkejumpers can’t stp a fire in 24 hurs, ther firefighters jin them. This secnd grup drps water n the fire frm an airplane.
On the land
On the grund, firefighters wrk tgether t stp the fire. First, ne grup digs a fire line. This is a lng deep ditch(沟). It is difficult fr the fire t crss this line.
Then, while thse firefighters dig, thers start a backfire(回火). They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line. When the wildfire cmes, there is nthing fr it t use as fuel.
Other firefighters cut dwn dead trees. That way the fire can’t mve t ther trees. Firefighters risk their lives t keep peple safe. Their jb takes hard wrk, and it takes curage.
6．The underlined phrase “use as fuel” means ________.
A．drpB．fireC．burnD．live
7．When the firefighter says, “Fire is nt a prblem. Peple living near fire—that’s the prblem,” what des he mean?
A．Fire is natural, but it’s dangerus t peple living near it.
B．Fires in frests are nt a big prblem, but fires in cities are.
C．Fighting fires shuld be the jb f peple living near fires.
D．Putting ut fires in cities is always a prblem fr firefighters.
8．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is wrng?
A．Smkejumpers are ften the last firefighters t reach a fire.
B．The firefighters dig a fire line t stp the fire crssing the line.
C．The firefighters start a backfire by burning the dry grass and leaves.
D．Sme firefighters cut dwn dead trees s that the fire can’t mve l ther trees.
9．The writer wants t ________.
A．explain why fire is nt a prblemB．shw us hw fires destry everything
C．tell us hw firefighters fight wildfiresD．teach us hw t be a gd firefighter
【答案】
6-9．CAAC
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述当森林火灾发生时，消防员前仆后继，不畏生命危险奔赴火灾现场，进行灭火和救援。全文重点围绕救火的步骤和措施展开，给人们在与火灾作斗争时提供了方法。
6．词义猜测题。根据“They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line. ”可知，火源和火线之间的干草和树叶都被消防员烧毁了。由常识推知，干草和树叶是可燃的，而一旦没有了可燃物，火势也不会蔓延。因此可以推知“use as fuel”的意思是“燃烧”。C项“燃烧”与之对应。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段“Wildfires are a part f nature.”和“wildfire can destry(毁坏)everything in its way.”可知，野火本身是大自然的一部分，而且杀伤力很强，可以摧毁一切。由此推知火灾发生对周围的人和物都十分危险。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据第四段“Smkejumpers(空降森林灭火员) are ften the first firefighters t reach a fire.”可知，空降森林灭火员经常是第一批到达火灾现场的。A选项表述错误，故选A。
9．主旨大意题。本文主要描述了消防员如何前仆后继赶向火灾现场救火，以及阐述救火的步骤和措施等。C项“告诉我们消防员如何与火灾作斗争”符合文意。故选C。
C
There's a heat that's s ht yu can literally(不加夸张地) fry an egg in the sun. This is a serius side t summer in Australia that yu might nt knw abut.
In February there were mre than 80 different bushfires burning at the same time in New Suth Wales, a sutheastern state f Australia. The Guardian newspaper reprted that 42 hmes were burned t the grund because f these fires. These hmes are nt like Chinese nes. They are huge farms. Many Australian prperties are larger than 1,000 sq km, while the biggest is mre than 20,000 sq km, even larger than Beijing!
Every family prepares fr bushfire seasn and prtects their prperty. But smetimes the fires are t big and peple have t mve t safety
The ht weather als causes ther prblems. It was s ht in February that thusands f bats(蝙蝠) died frm the heat. Peple can get sick if they stay utside fr t lng r dn't drink enugh water The heat can als cause pwer prblems fr hmes and businesses
The heat, which can g abve 40 ℃ in sme cities, is very dangerus. There are lts f trees and dry grass in areas far away that can easily catch fire. Even thrwing a burning cigarette ut f a car windw can start a dangerus fire. That is why summer is als knwn as "bushfire seasn" in Australia.
The Australian summer is enjyable. But it is wrth remembering that the heat can cause lts f prblems, t.
10．Accrding t the secnd and third paragraphs, we knw that________.
A．bushfires happen mre ften n farms
B．bushfires can cause a huge lss t peple
C．Australian peple are very rich because f their large farms.
11．What des the underlined wrd “prperties” in Para.2 prbably mean in Chinese?
A．房产B．山林C．水域
12．The ht weather in Australia can bring the fllwing prblems EXCEPT that________.
A．bats can dieB．electricity can g utC．drinking water runs ut
13．What’s the main idea f the fifth paragraph?
A．There are mre fire accidents in areas far away.
B．It is dangerus t smke in a frest.
C．Bushfires in Australia are cmmn events in summer.
14．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．The high heat is ne f the causes f bushfires in Australia.
B．Peple have n way t fight against bushfires.
C．The weather changes a lt in Australia.
【答案】
10-14．BACCB
【解析】
文章大意：本文主要讲述了澳大利亚的炎热的天气导致了火灾频发，生物死亡，电力供应不足。虽然夏日的澳大利亚很令人开心，但是也要注意防高温产生的问题。
10．归纳总结题。根据第二段所描述的“In February there were mre than 80 different bushfires burning at the same time in New Suth Wales, a sutheastern state f Australia.”80多处火灾；“42 hmes were burned t the grund because f these fires.”42处房屋被烧；以及第三段中“Every family prepares fr bushfire seasn and prtects their prperty.”每个家庭不得不转移房产可知，森林大火给澳大利亚人们造成了很大的损失。故选B。
11．词义猜测题。根据上句“These hmes are nt like Chinese nes. They are huge farms.”可知这里的“prperties”是指的“房产”，故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The ht weather als causes ther prblems. It was s ht in February that thusands f bats(蝙蝠) died frm the heat.”和“The heat can als cause pwer prblems fr hmes and businesses”可知，炎热的天气导致蝙蝠死亡，电力短缺。故选C。
13．归纳总结题。根据“That is why summer is als knwn as ‘bushfire seasn’ in Australia.”可知，澳大利亚因山火而出名，所以山火在澳大利亚是常见的，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段“There's a heat that's s ht yu can literally(不加夸张地) fry an egg in the sun. This is a serius side t summer in Australia that yu might nt knw abut.”可是，炎热的天气是澳大利亚与生俱来的；根据第三段“Every family prepares fr bushfire seasn and prtects their prperty. But smetimes the fires are t big and peple have t mve t safety”可知，人们对于山火毫无抵抗之力；C项，文章未提及。故选B。
二、阅读判断
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂”A”,错误的涂”B”。The past mnth has been a difficult time fr peple in Califrnia, US. Wildfires have spread thrugh much f the state. Accrding t CBS, at least 31 peple have died s far. This makes them the mst deadly wildfires in Califrnia s far.
Wildfires are uncntrlled (不可控制的) fires. They usually happen in areas where few peple live. They are mst cmmn in wded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are als knwn as frest fires r grass fires, r as bushfires in Australia.
Lightning (闪电) strikes and vlcanic eruptins (火山爆发) can cause wildfires. Hwever, 90 percent f wildfires are caused by humans, accrding t the US Natinal Park Service. Dry and ht weather, as well as wind, creates perfect wildfire cnditins. They help wildfires spread quickly and last fr weeks.
Wildfires can burn at ver 900℃ and reach heights f mre than 50 meters. Wildfires can mve at speeds f up t 23 kilmeters an hur, burning everything – trees, brush, hmes, even peple – in their path.
The fires are als dangerus t animals. In Australia, kalas can’t get enugh water frm tree leaves because f wildfires. They have t leave their trees and find water smewhere else.
But smetimes, fires can be gd fr sme plants. Peple can find mre f them in the wild after a fire.
15．The wildfires happened recently are the mst deadly wildfires in the wrld s far.
____________________________
16．Wildfires usually happen in areas where lts f peple live.
____________________________
17．Lightning strikes, vlcanic eruptins and human can all cause wildfires.
____________________________
18．Wildfires will mve very fast and they will burn everything except peple.
____________________________
19．Wildfires are n gd fr any plants.
____________________________
【答案】
15-19．BBABB
【解析】
美国加利福尼亚州的山火已经持续一个月了，至少有31人死亡。短文中分析看导致山火的原因以及山火对动植物的影响。
15．根据第一段Accrding t CBS, at least 31 peple have died s far. This makes them the mst deadly wildfires in Califrnia s far可知，美国加利福尼亚发生的山火到目前为止已经导致31人死亡，是加利福尼亚州最致命的山火，并非是全世界。故这句话是错误的。故答案为B
16．根据短文第二段中They usually happen in areas where few peple live.可知，山火通常发生在没有人居住的地方。故这句话是错误的。故答案为B
17．根据短文第三段中Lightning (闪电) strikes and vlcanic eruptins (火山爆发) can cause wildfires. Hwever, 90 percent f wildfires are caused by humans, accrding t the US Natinal Park Service可知，闪电、火山爆发以及人类都是导致山火的原因。由此可知这句话是正确的。故答案为A
18．根据短文第四段Wildfires can mve at speeds f up t 23 kilmeters an hur, burning everything – trees, brush, hmes, even peple – in their path.可知，山火以每小时23千米的速度蔓延，烧毁沿途的一切—树木、灌木丛、房屋，甚至人。由此可知这句话是错误的。故答案为B
19．根据短文最后一段But smetimes, fires can be gd fr sme plants.可知，有时候或者对一些植物是有好处的。由此可知这句话是错误的。故答案为B
【点睛】
这篇短文由最近发生在美国加利福尼亚州的山火引出，介绍了山火发生的原因以及带来的影响。短文主题明确，结构清晰，内容比较容易理解。题型是判断题，考查学生们对文章细节的理解。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后阅读后面的句子，弄清意思，根据其中的关键词锁定原文相关语句，进行判断。例如第2小题，根据短文第二段中They usually happen in areas where few peple live.可知，山火通常发生在没有人居住的地方，不是很多人居住的地方，故这句话是错误的。再如第3小题，根据短文第三段中Lightning (闪电) strikes and vlcanic eruptins (火山爆发) can cause wildfires. Hwever, 90 percent f wildfires are caused by humans, accrding t the US Natinal Park Service可知，闪电、火山爆发以及人类都是导致山火的原因。由此可知这句话是正确的。
三、阅读填表
A small fire starts in a frest. The fire spreads（传播，蔓延）quickly, and sn a large part f the frest is n fire. This type f fire is called a frest fire.
Many frest fires happen in summer and fall. Dead plants, branches, and leaves n the frest flr get very dry during the seasns. These dry plant parts are easy t catch fire. Many fires start when there has been n rain fr a lng time.
Mst frest fires are started by peple. Campers may start a small fire t ck sme fd. Their carelessness can lead t fires. Smetimes lightning can als start frest fires. Since lightning is very ht, when lightning strikes a tree r the frest flr, a fire starts.
A fire needs tw things— fuel（smething t burn）and air. Wind brings lts f air t fires, that’s t say, wind helps fires burn. Wind als helps fire spread. The wind picks up burning leaves and drps them in places that are nt burning. Then a new fire starts.
A fire will g ut when there is n fuel. Smetimes firefighters make small fires arund the frest fire. The fires burn up all the fuel in the area. Firefighters make sure these small fires d nt spread. When the frest fire reaches an area that has already burned, the fire will g ut withut fuel.
T fight large frest fires, planes drp water n the fires. The planes make many trips t drp water n all the places that are burning.
Mst imprtantly, firefighters shuld teach peple abut the awareness（意识）f fire preventin. Peple are suppsed t place the fire extinguisher（灭火器）where it is get-at-able if it is needed in a hurry. As an ld saying ges,“ Save against a rainy day” . All in all, the very best way t fight frest fires is t prevent them in the first place.
【答案】
20．easily21．careless22．leaves23．drpping24．未雨绸缪
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了森林火灾发生的季节、引发火灾的原因和必备因素以及消防员如何灭火。
20．分析句子结构可知，空格处填副词。根据第二段第三句“These dry plant parts are easy t catch fire.”可知干燥的植物更容易着火。根据“easy”可知，故答案为easily。
21．分析句子结构可知，空格处填形容词。根据第三段第二、三句“Campers may start a small fire t ck sme fd. Their carelessness can lead t fires.”可知露营者生火做饭的时候可能会不小心引发火灾。根据“carelessness”可知，故答案为careless。
22．分析句子结构可知，空格处填名词。根据第四段倒数第一、二句“The wind picks up burning leaves and drps them in places that are nt burning. Then a new fire starts.”可知风会将燃烧着的叶子吹向还未发生火灾的地方，这样就会形成新的火灾。故答案为leaves。
23．分析句子结构可知，空格处填动名词。根据倒数第二段第一句“T fight large frest fires，planes drp water n the fires.”可知,通过飞机在着火区上空洒水来扑灭森林大火。根据“drp”可知,故答案为drpping。
24．根据最后一段第一、二句“Mst imprtantly，firefighters shuld teach peple abut the awareness（意识）f fire preventin. Peple are suppsed t place the fire extinguisher（灭火器）where it is get-at-able if it is needed in a hurry.”可知，人们需要具有预防火灾的意识，提前做好准备工作。由此可推知是“未雨绸缪”，故答案为“未雨绸缪”。
四、短文首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Why s many fires?
Califrnia is burning! Wildfires have spread acrss the US State since Oct 23 and smke has filled its skies.
Take the Kincade Fire in nrthern Califrnia fr example. It frced ( 迫 使 ) 200,000 peple t e___25___its path within ne week. The state’s largest pwer (电力) cmpany cut pwer t abut 206,000 hmes in rder t s___26___ mre fires frm breaking ut, CBS News reprted.
Califrnia has seen many wildfires in recent years. Nine f the 10 biggest fires have happened since 2000, i___27___five since 2010, accrding t The New Yrk Times.
Why is this? Califrnia has the perfect wildfire c___28___, Park Williams, a US climate expert (气候专家), tld The New Yrk Times. It has dry air and high temperatures frm spring thrugh late fall. At the same time, seasnal winds blw acrss the state every year, causing the wildfires t spread q___29___and last fr weeks.
Glbal warming has als made the fires wrse in recent years. It has dried ut the state’s trees and ___30___ plant life, causing them t burn mre easily.
H ___31___have played a rle as well. Burning campfires, garbage debris ( 碎 片 ),and cigarette butts (烟头) can easily cause wildfires. Fr example, ne fire started last year when a car gt a flat tire (漏气的轮胎). The car’s bdy met the rad and sent ut sparks (火花 ), starting a f___32___.
Lightning strikes (雷击) and vlcanic eruptins (火山爆发) can als cause wildfires. Hwever, peple have caused 90 percent f Califrnia’s wildfires, accrding t the US Natinal Park Service.
Mre abut wildfires
Wildfires ften happen in wded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are als k ___33___ as frest fires r grass fires in Australia.
Wildfires can burn at ver 900℃ and reach heights f mre than 50 meters. They can mve at speeds f up t 23 kilmeters an hur, burning e____34____ – trees, brush, hmes, even peple – in their path.
【答案】
25．escape26．stp27．including28．cnditins29．quickly
30．ther31．Humans32．fire33．knwn34．everything
【解析】
本文介绍了加利福尼亚州易发生火灾，对人们生活造成的影响和造成火灾的诸多原因。
25．句意：它迫使20万人在一周之内逃离那个地方。
由文中第一段可知，加利福尼亚北部经常会发生火灾，人们为了安全和生活，要逃离火灾易发的地区。由首字母提示可知，填escape；这里有固定句式frce sb. t d sth.，所以应用动词原形，故填escape。
26．句意：为了阻止火灾的爆发，该州最大的电力公司给大约206000家庭切断电力。
上文中提及，人们会搬离那些易发生火灾的地方，电力公司也减少电力，从而防止火灾更大概率的发生。结合首字母提示可知，填stp。这里填空前有固定短语in rder t d sth.，为了做某事，这里应是动词原形，所以填stp。
27．句意：自从2000年开始，10起大火中就有9起是野火，根据纽约时报，自从2010年开始就有5起。
文中强调最近野火易发，2000年开始就有10起大火中有9起就是野火，而其中5起发生在2010年之后，更是突出了近年来野火频发，“包括”include有两种形式，一种是被“包括”included，一种是主动“包括”including，文中是说2010起就“包括”5起火灾，所以应是主动，自然“包括”，不属于被动“包括”，所以填including。
28．句意：加利福尼亚州有着野火发生的最好的环境。
文中介绍，为什么野火易发，因为加利福尼亚州有着良好的易于野火发生的环境。结合首字母提示可知，填cnditin；而环境状态是由多种因素组成，所以这里应该用复数形式cnditins。
29．句意：同时，每年都有季风吹拂过这个州，造成了野火蔓延更加迅速，并且持续好几周。
本段介绍野火容易发生的情况，因为有季风的助力，所以火灾能扩散的更快，引起更大的火灾，这里是修饰动词spread，所以应用副词quickly。故填quickly。
30．句意：它使得树和其他植物干枯，使他们更容易燃烧。
本段介绍，近年来全球气候变暖，使得植物水分蒸发更快，变得干涸，所以更容易引起火灾。结合首字母提示可知，填ther；此处是指使其他植物干枯。故填ther。
31．句意：人类也扮演了重要角色。
由后文“Burning campfires, garbage debris ( 碎 片 ), and cigarette butts (烟头) … 焚烧田野，垃圾碎片，烟头。可知，这些都是人类产生的并且容易引起野火，所以这里应该说的是人类对于引起野火也有一定的责任，这里人类应表泛指，不是某个特定的人，所以是复数humans。故填Humans。
32．句意：车身与地面接触摩擦，引起的火花，从而引发火灾。
这里介绍的是人们偶尔的行为也可能引起火灾，汽车轮胎漏气后，与地面产生的火花，也经常会引起火灾，因为前面有不定冠词a修饰，表示一起，所以这里是单数fire。故填fire。
33．句意：它们在澳大利亚也被认为是森林火灾或草地火灾。
由语境和首字母提示可知，填knw；此处是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是：am/is/are+动词的过去分词。故填knwn。
34．句意：它们可以以每小时23公里的速度移动，烧毁路上的所有东西——树木、灌木丛、房屋，甚至人。
根据“trees, brush, hmes, even peple – in their path.”路上的——树木、灌木丛、房屋，甚至人。以及首字母提示可知，填everything；此处是指路上所有的东西都可以被烧毁。故填everything。
五、短文汉语提示填空
Lightning strike has been cnfirmed as the reasn fr the frest fire that killed 27 firemen and 3 lcal helpers in Suthwest China’s Sichuan Prvince. The frest fire b______35______ut n March 30th n tp f a remte muntain. A huge fireball was frmed in a mment. Changing winds trapped the firemen and the helpers. Mst f the d___36___were in their 20s, and at least tw were teenagers.
Frest fires are c___37___ in spring, s the Chinese gvernment has warned several regins that are experiencing high temperatures, strng winds and dry w______38______ The develpment f technlgy in recent years shuld have p___39___ them with better safety prtectin than befre, but the fire has shwed that there is still a lng way t g t make ur firefighting system mdern.
As citizens, what can we d t help s___40___frest fires? Here are sme tips. First, frm a small grup r jin a lcal team that cleans falling l___41___ and litter in thick frests. Secnd, dn’t smke in the frest. Ask yur parents and friends t put ut their cigarette ends (烟头) befre e______42______the frest. Next, park yur cars away frm the trees and dry areas f the frest. Any fuel leakage (燃油泄漏) frm cars can help start a fire. Then, never start a campfire when camping in a frest. Als a______43______using candles and matches inside yur tent. Last, d nt use firewrks in r near a frest. Fires can s_____44_____very quickly if sparks ( 火 花 ) frm firewrks reach dry bjects in the frest.
Peple frm all walks f life can help cntribute t the preventin f frest fires by being mre respnsible in their actins.
【答案】
35．brke36．dead37．cmmn38．weather39．prvided
40．stp41．leaves42．entering43．avid44．spread
【解析】
本文主要介绍中国西南部四川省发生森林火灾，27名消防员和3名当地救援人员遇难，雷击已被确认为火灾原因。火灾在春季常见。作为市民，也提出了几点建议，帮助阻止火灾。
35．句意：森林大火于3月30日在一座偏远的山顶爆发。根据首字母提示break ut 爆发，时间状语n March 30th，用一般过去时，故答案是brke。
36．句意：死者大多在20多岁，至少有两名是青少年。根据首字母提示dead，死的，形容词；定冠词the+形容词，表示一类人；the dead死者，故答案是dead。
37．句意：森林火灾在春季很常见，所以中国政府已经警告了几个正在经历高温、强风和干旱天气的地区。根据首字母提示，cmmn常见的，一般的，形容词，作表语，故答案是cmmn。
38．句意：森林火灾在春季很常见，所以中国政府已经警告了几个正在经历高温、强风和干旱天气的地区。形容词dry后缺少一名词；根据首字母提示weather天气；dry weather干旱天气，故答案是weather。
39．句意：近年来技术的发展应该给他们提供比以前更好的安全保护…..根据首字母提示prvide提供，动词；prvide sb with sth提供某人某物；shuld have dn本应该…；故答案是prvided。
40．句意：作为公民，我们能做什么帮助阻止火灾呢？根据首字母提示stp停下，组织，动词；help d/t d帮助做某事，故答案是stp。
41．句意：首先，组成一个小组或加入当地的团队，清洁茂密森林中的落叶和垃圾。根据首字母提示leaf树叶，可数名词；falling leaves落叶，要用复数，故答案是leaves。
42．句意：让你的父母和朋友在进入森林前熄灭他们的烟头。根据首字母提示enter进入，动词；befre介词，后加动名词，故答案是entering。
43．句意：同时也要避免在帐篷内使用蜡烛和火柴。根据首字母提示avid避免，动词；这是个祈使句，动词原形开头，故答案是avid。
44．句意：如果烟花的火花接触到森林中干燥的物体，火灾会迅速蔓延。根据首字母提示spread扩散，蔓延，动词；情态动词can后加动词原形，故答案是spread。
六、材料作文
45．目前, 天干物燥, 气温上升, 凉山州森林防火形式依然严峻。最近学校举行一场以 “Preventing frest frm fire is everyne’s duty”的主题班会，号召大家积极参与森林防火，人人有责的宣传活动，让学生明白青山绿水就是金山银山。请根据下面内容和提示词，写一篇英文短文。
1.森林对人类非常重要：森林吸收二氧化碳, 生产氧气；有许多动物住在森林里，它们从林中获取食物；森林让山更绿，水干净。
2.森林火灾导致很多问题：烧死人和动物；严重破坏自然环境。
3.为了避免火灾事故: 政府花钱修建了森林隔离带；同时政府制定了规则，不准在林区吸烟；不准野外生火、玩火；每天许多消防员和工作人员在山上守护森林；告诉家人和朋友积极参与保护森林；如果发现森林火灾拨打电话12119，但老人和孩子不能去救火。
写作要求: 1. 参考单词：destry (破坏)，take in carbn dixide (二氧化碳)，make xygen (制造氧气)，in rder t (为了)，avid (避免)，fire accident (火灾事故)，Take an active part in (积极参与)，gvernment (政府)，guard (守护)，firemen (消防员)，森林隔离带(frest islatin belt)，救火(fight/put ut a fire)，Clean water and green muntains are ur treasures (青山绿水就是金山银山)；
2. 所有的提示词都须用上，包含以上所有要点，可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯；
3. 字迹工整，语言精练，表达准确，条理清楚；
4. 词数80词左右。（演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。）
These days, it’s dry and ht, the temperature is rising gradually, the frest fire preventin is very serius in LiangShan. S what can we d fr frest and hw t keep away frm the frest fire.
First, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In a wrd, frests are humans’ and animals’ hmes, we shuld plant mre trees and take gd care f ur frests. As we can say, clean water and green muntains are ur treasures.
【答案】参考范文：
Preventing frest frm fire is everyne’s duty
These days, it’s dry and ht, the temperature is rising gradually, the frest fire preventin is very serius in LiangShan. S what can we d fr frest and hw t keep away frm the frest fire?
First, frests are very imprtant fr humans. Frests take in carbn dixide frm the air and make xygen. Many animals live in the frest, they get fd frm the frest. Frests can keep water cleaner and make the muntains greener.
Secnd, frest fire caused a lt f prblems. Fire culd kill peple and animals. It destryed the natural envirnment badly.
Third, in rder t avid fire accidents. The gvernment spent sme mney building frest islatin belts. At the same time, the gvernment made sme rules, dn’t smke in the frest. Peple aren’t allwed t make a fire r play with the fire in the frest. A number f firemen and wrkers guard the frests in the muntains every day. We have t tell my family and friends t take an active part in prtecting the frests. If yu find a frest fire, please call 12119, but the ld and the children mustn’t take part in putting ut a fire.
In a wrd, frests are humans’ and animals’ hmes, we shuld plant mre trees and take gd care f ur frests. As we can say, clean water and green muntains are ur treasures.
【解析】
【详解】
1、题干解读：题目要求根据学校举行的以“Preventing frest frm fire is everyne’s duty”为主题的班会，结合所给提示写一篇英文短文，号召大家积极参与森林防火，包括森林的用途、森林火灾导致的问题以及为了避免火灾事故应该怎么做，可适当发挥。
2、写作指导：本文应该以第三人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；介绍森林防火时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。
When d frest fires happen?
They ften happen in summer and fall. And the dry plant parts catch fire___20___
Hw d frest fires start?
If campers are___21___, they may spread the small fire while cking fd.
Lightning can als start frest fires.…
Why des wind make frest fires?
Wind brings air t fires, then helps fires burn and spread.
A new fire starts when the burning___22___are picked up by wind and drpped in places that are nt burning
Hw d firefighters stp fires?
Firefighters make the small fires burn up all the fuel t stp them frm spreading
Planes help fight large frest fires by___23___water n the fire.
Please translate“Save against a rainy day." int Chinese.___24___（不超过4个汉字）