备战2022年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练(全国通用) 热点02 认识大象及其生活习性

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一、阅读理解
1
D yu knw elephants? They are big animals in the wrld. An elephant has gt a lng and big nse. It is called a trunk. The elephant can use its trunk t d many things. Its trunk is like a hand. With its trunk, an elephant can pick up a 270kg tree. Elephants als have big ears and teeth. Sme elephants can wrk fr peple. In India, elephants live with peple and they help peple carry heavy things. Peple are kind t them.
Elephants have feelings(感情)like peple. If an elephant dies, its family members will feel sad. Sme peple g int the elephants' huse. If the elephants dn't like them, they may hate them and they will drive them ut f their huse.
1. What des the underlined wrd “trunk” mean in the passage?
A. 树干B. 象鼻C. 牙齿D. 大象
2. Accrding t the passage，we can knw that elephants have big ______.
A. ears and eyesB. ears and teethC. eyes and teethD. eyes and nses
3. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. An elephant can pick up a 2，700kg tree.B. Elephants never wrk fr peple.
C. There aren't any elephants in China.D. Sme elephants live with peple in India.
4. Yu g int the elephants' huse. If the elephants dn't like yu，they may ______.
A. welcme yu t their huseB. feel happy t see yu
C. play with yuD. drive yu ut f their huse
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. D
【解析】本文主要向我们介绍了世界上最大的动物——大象。并介绍了大象与人的关系并告诉我们大象也是有情绪的。
1. 词义猜测题。题干问“划线词trunk是什么意思”，根据前文“An elephant has gt a lng and big nse.”可知，一只大象有一个又长又大的鼻子。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。题干问“根据文章我们可以知道大象有大的什么”，根据文中“An elephant has gt a lng and big nse.”、“Elephants als have big ears and teeth.”可知，大象有大的鼻子、耳朵和牙齿，故选B。
3. 推理判断题。题干问“根据文章，下面哪一个是对的”，根据文中“In India，elephants live with peple”可知，在印度大象和人们住在一起。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。题干问“你进入大象的房子，如果大象不喜欢你，它会怎么做”，根据文章最后一句话“If the elephants dn't like them, they may hate them and they will drive them ut f their huse.可知，如果大象不喜欢他们，大象可能讨厌他们并且会把他们赶出自己的房子，故选D。
2
We are students frm Thailand, and we want t save the elephants. The elephant is ne f Thailand’s symbls. Our first flag had a white elephant n it. This is a symbl f gd luck. Elephants are smart animals. They can play sccer r music. They can als draw very well.
Peple say that “an elephant never frgets.” Elephants can walk fr a lng time and never get lst. They can als remember places with fd and water. This helps them t live. But elephants are in great danger. Peple cut dwn many trees s elephants are lsing their hmes. Peple als kill elephants fr their ivry. Tday there are nly abut 3,000 elephants (ver ne hundred thusand in 1987). We must save the trees and nt buy things made f ivry.
Remember that March 13th is Tai Elephant Day.
5. What is a symbl f gd luck?
A. Thailand.B. The elephant.
C. The white elephant.D. The flag f Thailand
6. What helps the elephant t live?
A. Playing sccer.B. Drawing pictures.
C. Fd and water.D. Gd memry.
7. Why d peple kill elephants?
A. Fr trees.B. Fr ivry.C. Fr hmes.D. Fr fd.
8. Hw many elephants have died in the past thirty years?
A. Abut 3000.B. Abut 7,000.C. Abut 97,000.D. Abut 100,000.
9. What can we d t prtect the elephants?
A. Remember Tai Elephant Day.B. Give them fd and water.
C. Stay away frm the elephants.D. Stp buying things made f ivry.
【答案】5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D
【解析】大象是泰国的象征，它们是非常聪明的动物，有着非常好的记忆力。但是由于人们砍伐树木、猎杀大象获取象牙，现在大象的数量大大减少了，因此我们要保护大象。
5. 细节理解题。根据短文第一段中 “Our first flag had a white elephant n it. This is a symbl f gd luck.”可知，白色大象是好运的象征。故选C。
6. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段中 “They can als remember places with fd and water. This helps them t live.”可知，大象有好的记忆力，它们能记住有食物和水的地方，这可以帮助他们生存。故选D。
7. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段中 “Peple als kill elephants fr their ivry.”可知，人们杀死大象是为了获取它们的象牙。故选B。
8. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段中 “Tday there are nly abut 3,000 elephants (ver ne hundred thusand in 1987).”可知，现在只有3,000头大象，在1987年有100,000头，少了97,000头。故选C。
9. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后 “We must save the trees and nt buy things made f ivry.”可知，我们必须保护大象，不要购买象牙制品。故选D。
3
The Elephant Herd
The Elephant is lvely and it is very big. It has tw big ears and a lng nse. It has fur strng legs and it can help peple d many things, such as watering the flwers with its nse and carrying heavy things and s n.
The elephant is anther animal that lives in grups. An elephant herd (群) usually has frm twenty t frty members. The elephants in the herd usually depend n ne anther fr help when they are in truble.
The leader f the grup is usually a wise and strng female (雌性的). She travels at the head f the herd and the ther females and their yung children fllw her. The male elephants fllw last. When the danger cmes, the male elephants frm a circle (圈) arund the weaker animals and prtect them. The members f the herd are lyal (忠诚的) t ne anther. A sick elephant is nt left behind t die. If an elephant is sick, the whle herd stps traveling until it gets well. When an elephant is hurt, tw thers walk n bth sides f it and supprt it with their bdies. A member f the herd may be caught in a trap (陷阱). Then the thers try t help it. An elephant herd is just like a family f ur peple.
Elephants lve the yung in the grup and give them special care and lve. Fr example, they help yung animals stay aflat (漂浮着) when the herd crsses a river. They wrk tgether t help a child get t the safety when it ges t a dangerus place. The way elephants lve and care the yungsters is like urs.
When a female elephant gives birth t her yung baby, she will g ut f the herd and she usually leaves the herd fr a shrt time. Hwever, she takes anther female alng t act as “aunt”. The aunt stands beside and helps the mther with her new-brn baby. In this way, the whle herd prtects its newest member.
That’s the elephant herd. D yu like it?
10. When the danger cmes, the male elephants frm a circle arund _________ t prtect them.
A. the female elephantsB. the weaker elephants
C. the leader f the elephantsD. the strnger elephants
11. The writer prbably agrees _________.
A. sick elephants are usually left behind t die
B. baby elephants can’t swim well in the river
C. elephants always give the ld nes special care
D. mst elephant herds have ver a hundred members
12. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Elephants like t live alne s the male nes are strng.
B. Many yung elephants die when they crss rivers in grups.
C. Elephants can help each ther in time when they are in truble.
D. The female elephant leaves the herd frever after she has babies.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】本文讲述了大象很可爱，它有两只大耳朵和一个长鼻子。它有四条强壮的腿，它可以帮助人们做很多事情，如用它的鼻子浇花和搬运重物等。大象是另一种群居动物。象群中的大象遇到麻烦时，通常会互相帮助。
10. 细节理解题。根据“When the danger cmes, the male elephants frm a circle (圈) arund the weaker animals and prtect them.”可推测出当危险来临时，公象会在弱小的动物周围围成一圈，保护它们，故选B。
11. 推理判断题。根据“Fr example, they help yung animals stay aflat (漂浮着) when the herd crsses a river.”当象群过河时，它们帮助年幼的动物保持漂浮状态，可推测出小象在河里游泳不太好，故选B。
12. 推理判断题。根据“The elephants in the herd usually depend n ne anther fr help when they are in truble.”可推测出象群中的大象遇到困难时通常互相依靠以寻求帮助，故选C。
二、完型填空
1
My favrite animals are elephants. Elephants are 13 living animals n land. There are tw kinds f elephants--African elephants and 14 elephants. African elephants are larger than Indian elephants, and they have 15 ears.
Elephants have t eat 16 because they are s big. One elephant can eat between 100 17 ,000 punds 18 grass in a day! They can live fr 60--70 years. There are n bnes in the back f 19 feet, nly fat. Elephants walk n tipte. They can mve quietly and walk in the mud 20 .
Elephants grw tusks. The tusks are large teeth that stick ut f 21 muths. Smetimes, hunters kill elephants 22 the tusks. Peple use the tusks t make beautiful things and pian keys.
13. A. the biggerB. the biggestC. biggerD. biggest
14. A. AfricaB. AfricanC. IndiaD. Indian
15. A. much largerB. the largestC. largestD. large
16. A. a lt fB. manyC. a ltD. lts f
17. A. tB. rC. abutD. and
18. A. fB. abutC. nD. t
19. A. elephants’B. elephantsC. elephant'sD. elephant
20. A. hardB. hardlyC. easilyD. easy
21. A. urB. theirC. itsD. his
22. A. getB. get tC. t getD. getting
【答案】13. B 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. C
【解析】
13. 根据句意，大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选B
14. 由后文的African elephants are larger than Indian elephants得知
15. 由文中句意可知，非洲大象的耳朵比印度大象的大，故用比较级
16. 由文中句意可知，大象吃的非常多，用来修饰eat的只能用a lt，其他排除
17. between…and…在两者之间
18. f有届与之意，只能吃到一百到一千千克的草用f
19. 大象不只一只，用复数形式，名词所有格以s结尾，只加’不加s
20. easily安然的、悠然的 他们散步很悠然
21. 他们的牙齿在他们的嘴里，应用their他们的
22. 动词不定式作的状语，由文中句意可知，猎人杀大象主要是为了大象的象牙
2
D yu want t be a vlunteer? 23 this past winter vacatin, I attended an SSP vlunteer trip t Hua Xin, Thailand (泰国华欣). It was a beautiful seaside twn. At the elephant base, my fellw vlunteers and I saw many ld and sick Asian elephants. Our task was 24 them.
25 we arrived at the base, we had learned what Asian elephants eat— fruits, sticky rice (糯米), the skin f crn (玉米) and the bark (树皮) f banana trees. After we had prepared these special fds fr the elephants, we tried t feed them. We std still (站着不动) utside the elephant cage. The elephants came ver t get fd using their trunks (象鼻). 26 , I felt very nervus. Wuld the elephants hurt me? But it turned ut that the elephants were very dcile (温顺的). They tk fd frm my hand gently（温柔地）. Hw lvely they were! One f the elephants tk fd nly frm me. I guess it prbably liked me 27 than thers.
After lunch, it was 28 fr the elephants t take a bath. Three vlunteers needed t wrk 29 t bathe an elephant. One std in the middle t hld the hse (水龙带), and the ther tw brushed the tw sides f the animal. It 30 that the elephants enjyed their baths very much.
We als helped t clean the 31 living areas. Thrugh this vlunteer trip, I fund that Asian elephants were very lvely. I hpe 32 f us can help t prtect them and learn t live in harmny with nature.
23. A. InB. DuringC. AtD. On
24. A. takes careB. takes care fC. t take care fD. tk care f
25. A. WhenB. AfterC. AsD. Befre
26. A. At firstB. At lastC. At leastD. At mst
27. A. muchB. mreC. manyD. a lt
28. A. changeB. yearC. timeD. turn
29. A. upB. tgetherC. withD. alne
30. A. lkedB. likedC. sundsD. seemed
31. A. elephant’sB. elephantsC. elephants’D. elephants’s
32. A. allB. bthC. neitherD. nne
【答案】23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A
【解析】文章讲述了作者去泰国华欣做志愿者的故事。在大象基地，作者给大象喂食物，清洗大象和大象住的地方。作者呼吁人们保护大象，学会和大自然相处。
23. 句意：在上个寒假期间，我参加了去泰国华欣SSP志愿者旅行。
考查介词。in在，通常用于年、月、季节等；during在……期间；at在，通常用于某一点钟；n在，通常用于具体的某一天或上下午晚上有修饰词时；根据this past winter vacatin上个寒假，可知是“在寒假期间”；故选B。
24. 句意：我们的任务是照顾它们。
考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构，可知这里是动词作表语，所以用不定式结构；故选C。
25. 句意：在我们到达基地之前，我们学习了大象吃什么。
考查介词辨析。when当……时候；after在……之后；as当……时候；befre在……之前；根据we had learned what Asian elephants eat我们学习了大象吃什么，因为是去照顾大象，所以应该是去之前学习；故选D。
26. 句意：开始的时候我感觉非常紧张。
考查介词短语。at first开始；at last最后；at least至少；at mst最多；根据Wuld the elephants hurt me? But it turned ut that the elephants were very dcile (温顺的).大象会伤害我吗？但是大象很温顺，可知是“开始的时候紧张”；故选A。
27. 句意：我猜它也许更喜欢我。
考查副词比较级。much许多；mre更多；many许多；a lt很，非常；根据than可知用比较级，like mre更喜欢；故选B。
28. 句意：午饭后到了大象洗澡的时间了。
考查名词辨析。change变化；year年；time时间；turn转动；根据句意和it’s time fr sb. t d sth.到了某人做某事的时间了；故选C。
29. 句意：三个志愿者需要一起工作来洗一头大象。
考查副词。up向上；tgether一起（副词）；with和……一起（介词）；alne独自；根据One std in the middle t hld the hse (水龙带), and the ther tw brushed the tw sides f the animal.一个人站在中间拿着水龙头，其他两个人刷大象的两边，可知是三个志愿者一起工作，这里用副词修饰动词wrk；故选B。
30. 句意：好像大象非常享受它们的洗浴。
考查动词辨析。lked看；liked喜欢；sunds听起来；seemed好像；根据句意和it seems that好像……；故选D。
31. 句意：我们也帮着清洗大象住的地方。
考查名词复数和所有格。elephant’s大象的（单数）；elephants大象；elephants’大象的（复数）；elephants’s错误表达；根据areas可知用复数形式，根据句子结构，可知用名词所有格修饰；故选C。
32. 句意：我希望我们所有的人能帮着保护它们学会和大自然和平相处。
考查不定代词。all所有的（三者或三者以上）；bth两个都；neither 两个都不；nne没有一个（三者或三者以上）；根据句意可知用all f us；故选A。
三、短文填空
The elephant is the largest animal t walk n E33. . An elephant can carry a lad f 1,200 punds（磅）. They eat 300 punds f fd a day. An elephant baby can weigh 200 punds at b34. . Elephants can live up t 70 years.
Elephants can be trained t carry lgs w35. their trunks（象鼻）, and have been used t wrk fr peple in Asia fr many years. Elephants use their ears as a cling system. Bld flws t36. veins (静脉) in the ears and as the elephant flaps (拍击) his ears, the bld cls and flws thrugh his bdy t c37. ff ther parts.
There are tw k38. f elephants: the African elephant and the I39. elephant. African elephants can be identified(识别) by the larger ears. The African elephant is a little taller than the Indian elephant and weighs as m40. as 12,000 punds. The Indian ne grws up t 9 feet t41. , and weighs up t 8,000 punds. It’s easy t identify because f its s42. ears. Mst circus (马戏团) elephants are Indian elephants. Anther name fr the Indian elephant is the Asian elephant.
【答案】
33. Earth
34. birth
35. with
36. thrugh
37. cl
38. kinds
39. Indian
40. much
41. tall
42. smaller
【解析】本文介绍的是大象。大象是地球上最大的动物。大象能载1200磅的重量。它们一天吃300磅的食物。象的婴儿出生时能重200磅。大象可以活70年。大象用耳朵作为冷却系统。血液流经身体冷却降温其他部分。大象有两种：非洲象和印度象。非洲大象可以通过大耳朵来识别。非洲象长到10英尺高，重达12000磅。印度象长到9英尺高，重达8000磅。因为它的耳朵小，所以很容易辨认。印度象的另一个名字是亚洲象。
33. 句意：大象是地球上最大的行走动物。由语境和首字母提示可知，用earth。这里是专有名词，因此大写。n Earth在地球上。故填：Earth。
34. 句意：象的婴儿出生时能重200磅。由语境和首字母提示可知，用birth。at birth指出生。故答案为birth。
35. 句意：大象可以训练成用鼻子搬木头，而且在亚洲已经为人们工作很多年了。由语境和首字母提示可知，用with。with their trunks用它们的鼻子。故填：with。
36. 句意：血液流过耳朵的静脉，当大象拍打耳朵时，血液冷却并流过它的身体以冷却其他部位。由语境和首字母提示可知，用thrugh。血液在静脉里流动用介词thrugh。故答案为thrugh。
37. 句意：血液流过耳朵的静脉，当大象拍打耳朵时，血液冷却并流过他的身体以冷却其他部位。由语境和首字母提示可知，用cl。由句子Elephants use their ears as a cling system.可知，大象用耳朵作为冷却系统。因此当血液流过耳朵的静脉，血液冷却并流过他的身体以冷却其他部位。用cl“使……冷却”的意思。故填：cl。
38. 句意：有两种大象：非洲象和印度象。由句子the African elephant and the I__ __elephant.可知，这句话是说明了大象的种类，结合首字母提示可知，用kind。词汇tw，说明kind用复数。故答案为kinds。
39. 句意：有两种大象：非洲象和印度象。结合首字母提示可知，用Indian。由句子the African elephant and the I___ ___elephant.可知，这里列举了两种大象。一种是非洲象。另一种是印度象。故填：Indian。
40. 句意：非洲象比印度象高一点，重12000磅。结合语境和首字母提示可知，用much。as much as“和……一样多”的意思。as……as中间用形容词或副词的原级。故答案为much。
41. 句意：印度象长到9英尺高时，重达8000磅。结合语境和首字母提示可知，用tall。grws up t 9 feet tall指长到9英尺高。因此答案为：tall。
42. 句意：因为耳朵小，所以很容易辨认。结合语境和首字母提示可知，用small。结合句子African elephants can be identified(识别) by the larger ears. 非洲象可以通过大耳朵识别。那么本句话就是说印度象的耳朵较小。故填：smaller。