历年英语高考真题试题分类汇编：完形填空：记叙文、夹叙夹议、议论文和说明文类(精编 解析版)
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这是一份历年英语高考真题试题分类汇编：完形填空：记叙文、夹叙夹议、议论文和说明文类(精编 解析版)，共144页。
历年英语高考真题试题分类汇编
完形填空：记叙文、夹叙夹议、议论文和说明文类
试题部分
完形填空之记叙文
2018年高考题
【2018·全国II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay was ___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little ___46___ .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took off my T-shirt and ___49___ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was ___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped ___51___ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very ___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben ___57___ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You ___58___ my life !”
I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son.
41. A. also
B. often
C. even
D. last
42. A. delight
B. relief
C. anger
D. worry
43. A. scared
B. shocked
C. thrilled
D. ashamed
44. A. talk
B. stay
C. meet
D. settle
45. A. bathed
B. clean
C. deep
D. formed
46. A. faster
B. closer
C. heavier
D. wiser
47. A. trouble
B. advance
C. question
D. battle
48. A. real
B. right
C. fair
D. fit
49. A. stared
B. sank
C. dived
D. fell
50. A. arguing
B. fighting
C. shouting
D. shaking
51. A. lead
B. persuade
C. carry
D. keep
52. A. happened
B. occurred
C. applied
D. appealed
53. A. sharp
B. pleasant
C. attractive
D. familiar
54.A. agreed
B. hesitated
C. doubted
D. knew
55. A. Fortunately
B. Frankly
C. Sadly
D. Suddenly
56. A. return
B. relax
C. speak
D. leave
57. A. joked
B. returned
C. listened
D. pointed
58. A. created
B. honored
C. saved
D. guided
59. A. coincidence
B. change
C. pity
D. pain
60. A. on board
B. in time
C. for sure
D. on purpose
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。
41. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切题。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见
面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B项切题。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故选D项切题。
55. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。
56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。
57. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出。故选B项切题。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。
59. 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。
60. 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。
点睛：occur和happen的区别
1. occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的事。跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred意思是“某事发生了”。
An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒!
2. happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：How did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?
If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。
如果happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：
I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。
注意：happen和happen to都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。
【2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂sorry, ___41___ number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams ____42____ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ____43____.
On March 19, Dennis got a group text ____44____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____45____ of a baby.
＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis ____46____. The baby was born and update texts were ____47____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ____48____, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ____49____ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t ____50____ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room the new ____51____ were in.
Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ____52____! He turned up at the hospital ____53____ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ____54____ by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we ____55____ it and the gifts.＂
Teresa ____56____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____57____ by the touching words: ＂What a ____58____ this young man was to our family! He was so ____59____ and kind to do this.＂ The post has since gained the ____60____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong
42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical
44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning
45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival
46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated
47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around
48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort
49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing
50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother
51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors
52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle
53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated
55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect
56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted
57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied
58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem
59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair
60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感动的故事。
43. B.考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special合适。A. reasonable合理的；B. special特别的；C. necessary必要的；D. practical现实可行的。
44. C 考查动词。根据后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing让人信服的；B. reminding提醒；C. informing通知；D. warning警告。故选C。
45. D 考查名词。根据下文The baby was born可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up醒来；B. recovery恢复；C. growth成长；D. arrival到来。故选D。
46. A 考查动词。根据前句内容可知，这是Dennis的回复。A. responded回复；B. interrupted打断；C. predicted预料；D. repeated重复。故选A。
47. A 考查动词短语。根据本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in进来；B. setting out着手；C. passing down使流传；D. moving around走来走去。故选Ａ。
48. C. 考查名词。根据本句In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌生人。A. opinion观点；B. anxiety焦虑；C. excitement兴奋；D. effort努力。故选C。
49. D. 考查动词。根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。A. comparing比较；B. exchanging交换；C. discussing讨论；D. sharing分享。故选D。
50. B 考查动词。根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know可知，Dennis不认识他们。A. accept接受；B. know认识，了解；C. believe相信；D. bother打扰，麻烦。故选Ｂ。
51. 考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents父母；B. doctors医生；C. patients病人；D. visitors游客。故选A。
52. B 考查名词。根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey和她的孩子礼物的承诺。A. dream梦想；B. promise承诺；C. agenda会议议程；D. principle原则。故选B。
53. A 考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing携带，拿；B. collecting收集；C. opening打开；D. making制造。故选A。
54. C 考查形容词。根据unexpected可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged沮丧；B. relaxed放松的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. defeated打败的。故选C。
55. C 考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa夫妇十分感激Dennis的到来以及带来的礼物。A. admit承认；B. need需要；C. appreciate感激；D. expect期望。故选C。
56. D考查动词。根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上。A. found发现；B. selected选择；C. developed发展；D. posted发帖。故选D。
57. D考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed确定；B. simplified简化；C. clarified分类；D. accompanied伴随着。故选D。
58. B考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。A. pity同情，怜悯；B. blessing祝福；C. relief放松，如释重负；D. problem问题。故选B。
59. C考查形容词。根据语境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与kind并列，所以用sweet，表甜美善良。A. smart聪明的；B. calm冷静的；C. sweet甜美的；D. fair公平的。故选C。
60. B考查名词。根据文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184,000人分享，61,500点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy同情；B. attention关注；C. control控制；D. trust信任。故选B。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5，11小题可以判断这对夫妇在等待新生儿的出生，所以这对夫妇是新父母。而第16，20题是相互联系的，可以推断出他们是在网上发帖，引起了人们的关注。而根据文章第1题和第3题可知，Dennis做的是与众不同的事情，所以完形填空的解答要注重上下文的结合。
【2018·北京】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Homeless Hero
For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the ___16___ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith ____17____ more remarkable.
After spotting a ___18___ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the ____19____ to return.
After hours in the cold and wet, he ____20____ inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to ____21____ it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change beside it.
He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after ____22____ a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were ____23____ to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was ____24____.
The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his ____25____.
Mr. Anderson said：＂I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight ____26____ he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and
____27____ he didn’t take the wallet for himself；he thought about others ____28____. It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are ___29___ guys out there.＂
Mr. Smith’s act ____30____ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson ____31____ about the act of kindness on Facebook.
Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to ____32____ money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown ____33____ him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he’s had job ____34____ and all sorts,＂ Mr. Anderson commented.
For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing ____35____. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.
16. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort
17. A. still B. even C. ever D. once
18. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel
19. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman
20. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached
21. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe
22. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing
23. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked
24. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen
25. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement
26. A. when B. if C. where D. because
27. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just
28. A. too B. though C. again D. instead
29. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous
30. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew
31. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard
32. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn
33. A. of B. at C. for D. in
34. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications
35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章讲述了流浪汉Tom发现一辆车窗开着的汽车前座上有一个钱包。Tom冒雨等了数个小时，在查找不到车主身份的情况下将钱包交到了警察局。钱包的主人Mr. Anderson在得知一切后，将Tom的善举发布到了Facebook上。Tom的行为引发了人们的好评和帮助。这件事印证了一句俗语：善有善报。
17. 考查副词词义辨析。A. still仍然；B. even更加，愈发，甚至；C. ever曾经；D. once曾经，一度。所有这一切使得流浪汉Tom Smith的行为更加的不同寻常。even在该句中修饰比较级more remarkable。B选项正确。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。A. wallet钱包；B. bag包；C. box盒子，箱子；D. parcel包裹，包袱。由第三段中的After hours in the cold and wet, he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID可知，Tom Smith发现一辆汽车的前排座上有一个钱包。当时这辆车停在那儿，窗户摇了下来。A选项正确。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。A. partner同伴，伙伴；B. colleague同事；C. owner主人；D. policeman警察。Tom冒雨等待车主回来。C选项正确。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。A. turned转动；B. hid藏，隐藏；C. stepped迈步，举步；D. reached伸手去拿，到达。由后面的pulled the wallet out可知，在雨里等了数个小时后，Tom将手伸进车窗，将钱包拿了出来。D选项正确。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。A. discover发现；B. collect搜集；C. check核对，检查；D. believe相信。Tom将钱包拿出来企图找到一些身份证明，这样他就能联系司机了，结果他却发现钱包里装着£400的纸币和£50的零钱。A选项正确。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。A. taking带走；B. leaving留下，落下，离开；C. reading读；D. writing写。他拿着钱包去了附近的警察局，在车上留下了一张便条，其目的是让车主知道他的钱包是安全的。B选项正确。
23. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfied满意的；B. excited兴奋的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. shocked震惊的。当车主返回时，发现自己的车边有警察，应该感到很惊讶。故D选项正确。
24. 考查形容词/动词词义辨析。A. safe安全的；B. missing不见的，丢失的；C. found发现，找到；D. seen看见。由该段开头可知，Tom将钱包带去了警察局，因此该处警察告诉John他的钱包是安全的。A选项正确。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。A. service服务；B. support支持；C. kindness善意，善良；D. encouragement鼓励。Tom将钱包交给警察，没有据为己有，这是一种善举。故C选项正确。
26. 考查状语从句引导词。A. when在……情况下，既然；B. if如果；C. where表地点；D. because因为。在Tom本来可以偷了钱去支付一个可以睡觉的地方的情况下，他仍然选择了露宿街头（没有偷钱）。所以Mr. Anderson对Tom的行为感到很惊讶。A选项正确。
27. 考查副词词义辨析。A. rather相当；B. yet但是；C. already已经；D. just仅仅。Tom什么都没有，但是他没有拿走钱包。前后两句话之间是转折关系，故B选项正确。
28. 考查副词词义辨析。A. too也；B. though但是；C. again再，又；D. instead代替。Tom没有拿走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。D选项正确。
29. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. polite礼貌的；C. rich富有的；D. generous慷慨的。Tom没有拿走钱包，而是把它交到了警察局，这是一种诚实的行为。A选项正确。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。A. gave给；B. paid支付；C. cast投掷，投射；D. drew吸引。Tom的行为吸引了公众的关注。D选项正确。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。A. learned学习，学会；B. posted发布，张贴；C. cared关心，在意；D. heard听到。由后面的Facebook(一个社交网站)可知，在Mr. Anderson将Tom的善举发布到Facebook上之后，Tom赢得了社交媒体使用者的赞扬。B选项正确。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。A. borrow借；B. raise筹集；C. save挽救，节省；D. earn挣（钱）。Mr. Anderson在网上发起一个运动来为Tom和其他无家可归的人筹钱。B选项正确。
33. 考查介词。大家向Tom表示出的信任触动了Tom。faith意为“信任，相信”，常和介词in搭配，意为“对……的信任，相信……”，故D选项正确。
34. 考查名词词义辨析。A. details细节；B. changes改变；C. offers提供（物），给予（物），提议；D. applications应用，申请。该句应指Tom得到了人们的帮助，人们为他提供工作和其他的东西。C选项正确。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson课；B. adventure冒险；C. chance机会；D. challenge挑战。这件事对于流浪汉Tom来说是一个可以改变终生的机会。C选项正确。
点睛：1. 完形填空解题技巧之一：上下联系—寻信息。完形填空中经常会出现前面的信息为后面的空白提供暗示，而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情况。这时，要联系上下文，寻求信息以确定答案。第18小题，考生可以根据前两句中的“wallet”和第三段中的“wallet”来确定答案。
2. 完形填空解题技巧二：左顾右盼—找搭配。英语中，有些单词词义相近，而句型结构及跟其他词的搭配却截然不同。考生不能单从词义上去辨析，而应审查空白前后的名词、动词、介词或非谓语动词等，比较与各选项的搭配关系，然后确定答案。在33题中，考生可以根据该空前的faith确定搭配关系。如果考生从show来入手，那么就很困难了。
【2018·天津】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ___16___
I learned this lesson from a(n) ___17___ many years ago. I took the head ___18___job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the ___19___ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____20____the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't ___21___ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ___22___ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____23____me. I had to change my ___24___about their ability and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____25____. Most important, I began to treat them like ____26____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their ____27____, we met every day and _____28_____passing and kicking the football.
Six months after suffering our _____29_____on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____30____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____31____for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____32____of my life！
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____33____ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and_____34_____them. I helped them to see themselves ____35____, and they built themselves into winners.
Winners are made, but born.
16.A.luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature
17.A.experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching
19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret
22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand
23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about
24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention
25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship
26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. leaners
27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor
28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced
29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake
30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend
31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers
33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect
34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed
35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D
16. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck幸运；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根据前一句No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故选C。
17. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment实验；B. experience经历；C. visit参观；D. show展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。
18. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting咨询；D. coaching指导。根据后文Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。
19. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful成功的；B. excellent杰出的；C. strong强壮的；D. new新的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the school’s old team中的old team提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。
20. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for为……欢呼；B. prepare for为……准备；C. help with帮助某人做……；D. finish with结束于；和. ……断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准备比赛。故选B。
21. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. regret后悔。根据前句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故选A。
22. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize意识到；B. claim宣称；C. permit允许；D. demand要求。短语come to realize开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选A。
23. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to对……起反应；B. looking for寻找；C. depending on依靠；D. caring about关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选C。
24. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision决定；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。
25. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride自豪，自尊心；B. culture文化；C. fortune幸运；D. relationship关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。
26. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders领导；B. partners伙伴；C. winners获胜者；D. learners学习者。根据后文Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and____19____them.以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。
27. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward报酬；B. vacations假期；C. health健康；D. honor荣誉。根据That summer可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。
28. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked冒险；B. missed错过；C. considered考虑；D. practiced练习。根据上文The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____5____the game.提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。
29. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat打败；B. decline跌落；C. accident事故；D. mistake错误。根据上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失败之后。故选A。
30. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax放松；B. improve提高，改善；C. expand扩大；D. defend防御。根据前句we won our first game and our second可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。
31. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame羞愧；B. burden负担；C. victory胜利；D. favor赞成。即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。
32. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances机会；B. thrills激动；C. concerns关心；D. offers提供。根据前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选B。
33. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. surprise惊讶；B. serve服务；C. interest兴趣；D. offers提供。从这次经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。
34. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged鼓励；B. observed观察；C. protected保护；D. impressed影响。根据I pushed可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。
35. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly诚实地；B. individually个别地；C. calmly镇静地；D. differently不同地。根据后句and they built themselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。
【点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，主要的是要理解全文的中心思想：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。考生做题时，首先抓住文章开头的中心句，然后要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，领会作者的写作意图，注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。
【2018·江苏】请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been___36___ to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a ____37____ disease. There was no ____38____, only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a ___39___4___40___ journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and ____41____ recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the ____42____ low by living on boiled noodles, with the ____43____ hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is ____44____ in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up ____45____and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot _____46_____ than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor _____47_____ all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial _____48_____, found his symptoms were strangely _____49_____ by their daily tiring journey.
____50____, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had _____51_____ forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes _____52_____ to a thread, but we were alive."
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, "_____53_____ had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) _____54_____ written book. It had also given me a _____55_____, either to leave that page _____56_____ or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.”
36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up
37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious
38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise
39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail
40. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising
41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance
42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant
43. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal
44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly
45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier
46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled
47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research
48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased
49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently
50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost
51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed
52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness
53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally
54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break
55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Winn夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被诊断为重疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人变得越来越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。
36. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. drawn up起草；B. used up用光；C. backed up拥堵；D. kept up保持。根据后面的to pay lawyers’ fees.提示可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。
37. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. mild 温和的；B. common共同的；C. preventable可预防的；D. serious严重的。根据后句There was no 38 , only pain relief.可知，Moth被诊断为严重的疾病。故选D。
40. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected预期的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和惊人的恢复。故选D。
41. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget预算；B. revenue税收；C. compensation 赔偿； D. allowance津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。
42. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent频繁的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. abundant大量的； D. constant不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选B。
43. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular不受欢迎的；B. lawful合法的；C. attractive 吸引人的；D. illegal非法的。根据后句To avoid being caught,可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选D。
44. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon不久；B. early早的；C. late迟的；D. slowly慢慢地。根据后句and packed it away early in the morning.中的early提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷搭起来。故选C。
45. 考查形容词比较级以及对语境的理解。A. harder更难的；B. easier更容易的；C. cheaper更便宜的；D. funnier可笑的。根据常识可知，Winns夫妇很快发现在他们50多岁的每日徒步旅行要比他们所记的在他们20多岁的每日徒步旅行要艰难的很多。故选A。
46. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled滚动；B. bled流血；C. ached疼；D. trembled发抖。根据常识可知，Raynor浑身疼。故选C。
47. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle斗争；B. progress进展；C. excitement激动；D. research研究。经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选A。
48. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed发展；B. controlled控制；C. reduced减少；D. increased增加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选C。
49. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially起初；B. Eventually最终；C. Temporarily临时地；D. Consequently因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。
50. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained获得；B. kept保持；C. wounded受伤；D. lost失去。根据前句with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选D。
51. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn缝；B. washed洗；C. worn穿破；D. ironed熨。这里指他们的衣服破成了线状物。故选C。
52. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Doctors医生；B. Hiking徒步旅行；C. Lawyers律师；D. Homelessness无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选D。
53. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. well好；B. partly部分地；C. neatly整洁地；D. originally起初。在写已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选B。
54. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. choice选择；B. reward报酬；C. promise许诺； D. break休息。根据后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either … or …可知这里是一种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选A。
55. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. loose宽松的；B. full满的；C. blank空白的；D. missing失踪的。根据前文中an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知要么留下那页空白，要么继续写着希望的故事。故选C。
点睛：本篇完形填空讲述了一个励志故事，传递出面对人生逆境乐观以对的人生态度。题目难度属于中等。考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，领会作者的写作意图，注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。
2017年高考题
记叙文
[2017·北京卷]
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba，Canada. One day, when she was five years old，she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man __36__ out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very __37__. She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could __38__，but，of course，there is not a lot one five year old can do to solve(解决) the problem of homelessness.
Later，when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, __39__ an old shopping trolley(购物车) which was piled with __40__. It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more __41__ to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people __42__ they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn't __43__ as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to __44__ her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation，an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to __45__ “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to __46__ to the cause. She also organized a fund raising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone's spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another __47__ called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada's __48__ and homeless.
There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah's Place”，something that Hannah is very __49__ of. Hannah's Place is divided into several areas，providing shelter for people when it is so cold that __50__ outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities，she has received a lot of __51__. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the __52__ of young people to change the world. But __53__ all this, Hannah still has the __54__ life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a __55__ in the world. You can, too!
36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving
37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset
38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work
39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding
40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags
41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful
42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as
43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look
44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread
45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack
46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree
47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial
48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick
49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure
50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing
51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments
52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts
53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along
54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough
55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference
【文章大意】 本文描述了一位心地善良的小女孩， 在目睹饥寒交迫、 无家可归的流浪汉的凄惨生活后，竭尽所能帮助他人的故事。
36．B 根据下文“…the man was homeless and hungry.”可以知道，此时这个人在垃圾桶捡东西吃，故选B。
37．D 根据句子“She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.”可知，当时她的心情是难过不安的，故选D。
42．A 此处句意是说自从她们第一次遇到无家可归的人， Hannah就一直在和她妈妈讨论无家可归的人的生活。由此可知答案选A。
43．C 根据上文可知， Hannah感到很难过，所以妈妈告诉她如果她可以做点什么来改变这一切， 那么她就不会感觉这么糟糕了， 此处应为“感到，感觉”， 故选 C。
44．D 根据Hannah开始在公开场合做些关于无家可归的人的演讲，呼吁人们关注他们，可知此处表示她想传播希望和唤起人们的意识， 故选 D。
45．C 根据后半句“她会在午餐期间尽力说服当地的商业领导们为这一帮扶事业出力”，可知此空应是举办一些“大老板”午餐活动。故选C。
46．A 据上题可知， Hannah尽力去说服当地的大老板为解决无家可归的问题做出贡献，故选A。
47．A 根据上下文可知，another后应是前文提到的与募捐有关的活动， 即National Red Scarf Day，故选A。
48．B 根据文章第一段中妈妈的话“…the man was homeless and hungry.”， 可知本空应填hungry，故选B。
49．C 根据下文的描述，可知Hannah's Place是能够给流浪者们提供躲避严寒的地方，Hannah已经为很多流浪者提供了帮助，这是她深感自豪的事。故选C。
50．B 根据语境可知此处指在严寒下，睡在户外就意味着死亡，故选B。
51．A 根据下文可知她因自己的善行而获得了很多表彰，故选A。
52．D Hannah获得的“2007 BRICK Award”奖就是认可年轻人为改变世界所做出的努力，故选D。
53．B through all this意思是“经历所有这些”。虽然Hannah做了这么多事情，但她也是一名普通的女学生， 故选 B。
54．C 据上题可知 Hannah依旧过着普通校园女孩的生活， 故选 C。
55．D Hannah是一个通过自己的努力改变世界的年轻人， make a difference意为“使变得不同，有影响”，故选D。
【名师点睛】
完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法：
1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力
完型填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。比如最后一题who are making a 55 in the world. 根据选项提供的词马上就可以判断此处为固定短语：make a difference：起作用，有影响，选D。
2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力
解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。
3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力
旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。例如第51空，she has received a lot of 51 。她收到了很多的 。这是就要考虑到下文了，因为下文有这方面的举例，是给她颁奖，由此可判断是对她的赞美，故答案为A。
4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力
目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。
5.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力
此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。
[2017·江苏卷]
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school，Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, __36__ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__ at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to __39__ music，as he hated getting to school extra early.
__40__，one day，in the music class that was __41__of his school's standard curriculum，he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it __42__to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually __43__doing it. He tried to hide his __44__pleasure from the music teacher，who had __45__over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well，__46__the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good __47__ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store room to see if any of the instruments there __48__him.There he decided to give the cello (大提琴) a __49__．When he began practising，he took it very __50__．But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was __51__to practising it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This __52__，of course，that he arrived at school early in the morning，__53__his heavy instrument case across the campus to the __54__looks of the non musicians he had left__55__．
36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling
37. A.rising up B.coming up C.driving up D.turning up
38. A.before B.after C.until D.since
39. A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate
40. A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover
41. A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit
42. A.complicate B.safe C.confusing D.easy
43. A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied
44. A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar
45. A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered
46. A.because B.but C.though D.so
47. A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice
48. A.occurred to B.took to C.appealed D.held to
49. A.change B.chance C.mission D.function
50. A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.admitted
51. A.committed B.used C.limited D.admitted
52. A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant
53. A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing
54. A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing
55. A.over B.aside C.behind D.out
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述Gabriel看到学音乐的学生拿着沉重的音乐器材穿过校园，早上练习好几个小时，便不想学习音乐；然而，一天他不经意地弹奏了钢琴，之后就发现他喜欢上了弹奏乐器。因此他开始踏上和那些学音乐的学生相同的道路。
36. D 根据本句中的“…look pityingly at the music students…”以及“…their heavy instrument cases…”可推断，学音乐的学生们拿着沉重的音乐器材挣扎着穿过校园。struggle“挣扎，奋斗”，符合语境。travel旅行；march前进；pace走来走去。
39. C 根据本句中的“…as he hated getting to school extra early.”可知，他发誓避免学音乐。avoid“避免”，符合语境。betray背叛；accept接受；appreciate欣赏，感激。
40. B 根据上文可知，他发誓避免学音乐，结合本句中的“…he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano…”可知，此处表示转折。however“然而”，符合语境。therefore因此；thus因此；moreover而且。
41. A 根据常识可知，音乐课是他的学校标准课程的一部分。part“部分”，符合语境。nature自然；basis基础；spirit精神。
42. D 根据语境可知，他正在随意地弹钢琴，并且发现很容易弹奏出曲调。easy“容易的”，符合语境。complicated复杂的；safe安全的；confusing迷惑的。
43. C 根据后面一句中的pleasure可知，他意识到他事实上喜欢弹钢琴。enjoy“喜爱”，符合语境。miss错过，想念；dislike厌恶；deny否认。
44. B 根据前面一句可知，他意识到他事实上喜欢弹钢琴。而本句中tried一词说明这种喜悦是很明显的。obvious“明显的”，符合语境。transparent透明的，清澈的；false错误的；similar相似的。
45. D 根据上文中的“…he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it…to pick out tunes.”可推断，老师走过来听。wander“漫步”，符合语境。run跑；jog慢跑；jump跳。
46. A 根据语境可知，他的钢琴可能弹得没那么好，因为老师告诉他，虽然他有很好的鉴赏力，但还是建议他去音乐贮藏室看看是否有适合他的乐器。前后句表示因果。because“因为”，符合语境。but但是；though尽管；so因此。
47. A 根据上文可知，他随意弹奏就能成曲子，说明他有乐感。a good ear“好的鉴赏力”，符合语境。taste味道，品味；heart心；voice声音。
48. C 根据语境可知，老师建议Gabriel走进音乐贮藏室看看有没有什么乐器能吸引他。appeal to“对……有吸引力”，符合语境。occur to发生；take to开始喜欢；hold to坚持。
49. B 根据语境可知，他决定给大提琴一个机会。chance“机会”，符合语境。change改变；mission任务；function功能。
50. C 根据后面一句中的“But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument…”可推断，开始练习时，他很随意地对待这件事。casually“随意地”，符合语境。seriously严肃地，认真地；proudly自豪地；naturally自然地。
51. A 根据本句中的“…so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.”可知，他致力于练习，因此在几个月内，他就演奏得相当好了。be committed to“致力于”，符合语境。use使用；limit限制；admit承认，允许进入。
52. D 根据语境可知，这意味着他早上要早到学校，拖拽着沉重的乐器穿过校园。mean“意味着”，符合语境。prove证明；show显示；stress强调，使紧张。
53. B 根据上题解析可知，drag“拖拽”，符合语境。push推；lift举起；rush冲。
54. B 根据文章第一段可知，他曾经很长时间不想学习音乐，并且同情地看着学音乐的学生。由此可推断，他现在也要在他留下的非音乐学生的同情的表情中穿过校园。pity“怜悯，同情”，符合语境。admire钦佩；annoy惹恼；tease取笑。
55. C 根据上题解析可知，leave behind“留下”，符合语境。leave over剩下；leave aside搁置；leave out遗漏，省去。
【名师点睛】
完形填空的首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲的内容。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味。
本题而言，文章开头部分“For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students...”告诉了我们一些很有价值的信息，比如：“For a long time”的暗示作用。Gabriel一点也不想接触音乐，这种想法已经存在很久了，暗示他可能会开始学习音乐。“look pityingly at music students”同情地看着学习音乐的学生，也为下文的转折做了铺垫。
另外，完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。本题的44、47就是考查了近义词的辨析，第47题的taste误导性很大。
同时，信息的复现也是完形填空的一个特点。语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，可以利用上下文寻找解题信息，从而确定正确答案。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my __42__ at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)．
I never felt an urge to __43__ any sign language before. My entire family is hearing，and so are all my friends. The __44__ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)．Little did I know that I would discover my __45__ for ASL.
The __46__ began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club __47__ their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very __48__ of communicating without speaking __49__ me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the __50__. This newness just left me __51__ more.
After that, feeling the need to __52__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings. I only learned how to __53__ the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my __54__ progress，I was excited. I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I __56__ an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was __57__. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. __58__，if there had been any talking, it would have __59__ us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the __60__ way of communication it opens.
41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal
42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion
43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create
44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken
45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request
46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task
47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed
48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason
49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted
50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance
51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting
52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain
53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count
54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious
55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize
56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for
57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated
58. A Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However
59.A.required B. caused C. allowed D. expected
60.A.easy B. popular C. quick D. new
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习美式手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有必要学习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，作者深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴望。
42. B “我”发现的某些东西改变了“我”的大学生活经历。progress进步； experience经历； major主修课目； opinion观点。故选B。
43. C “我”以前从没有过学习手语的冲动。choose选择； read看，读； learn学习；create创造。故选C。
44. D 根据前文“My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.”可知，作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，作者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。official官方的；foreign外国的；body肢体；spoken口语的。故选D。
45. A “我”没想过“我”会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中“I never felt an urge to…any sign language before.”表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知，作者非常喜欢手语。love热爱；concern关心，顾虑；goal目标；request请求。故选A。
46. C 故事发生在“我”上大学的第一周。这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情。meeting会议； trip旅行；story故事；task任务。故选C。
47. B “我”观看ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的内容。通过分析可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，故应该是在用手语表演一首歌。record记录；perform表现，表演；recite背诵；discuss讨论。故选B。
48. A 手部的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了“我”。作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是借助手势进行交流。idea想法；amount数量；dream梦想；reason原因。故选A。
49. D 分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。disturb打扰； support支持；embarrass使……难堪；attract吸引。故选D。
50. B “我”所看到的和“我”在过去所经历的事情完全不同。 end结束，末尾；past过去；course课程；distance距离。固定短语in the past意为“在过去”，故选B。
51. D 这种新奇的感觉使“我”想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解手语，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议。show展示；act行动；say说；want想要。故选D。
52. B 在那之后，“我”想要探索更多关于手语的东西，于是“我”参加了ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。exercise锻炼； explore探索；express表达；explain解释。故选B。
53. C 那天“我”只学会了用手语表达字母。作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的用手语表达字母。print打印；write写；sign打手语；count数。故选C。
54. A “我”并没有因为自己缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反“我”很兴奋。因为作者只学会了用手语表达字母，所以进步是很慢的。slow缓慢的；steady平稳的； normal正常的；obvious明显的。故选A。
55. C “我”那时下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习“我”能学习的一切。chair主持；sponsor赞助；attend参加；organize组织。attend meetings参加会议。故选C。
56. D 接下来的一个学期，“我”报名参加了一个手语班。miss错过，想念；pass通过；give up放弃；register for报名登记。故选D。
57. A 教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是被禁止的。根据后文“…if there had been any talking…”可知在课堂上没有口语交流。prohibit禁止；welcome欢迎；ignore忽视；repeat重复。故选A。
58. C 相反，如果有口语交流，那只会造成“我们”学习更少的手语。根据前文“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.”可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的。lastly最后，终于；thus因此；instead反而；however然而。故选C。
59. B 如果有口语交流，那只会造成“我们”学的手语更少。require要求；cause造成；allow允许；expect期待。故选B。
60. D 现在“我”很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。easy简单的；popular受欢迎的；quick快速的；new新的。故选D。
【名师点睛】
“记叙文”类完形填空主要包括幽默故事、名人传记、事件叙述等。文中以叙述为主，通过人物之间的对话来反映人们对事件的看法及其起因。叙述上多半用平述的形式，很少加入作者的评论。 因此如果对文章上下文情景把握不住，就会失分。为了减少失分率，考生可以参考以下几点：
1、首先读懂文章的首句，把握全篇，弄清文章要讲什么。
完形填空一般没有标题，读懂第一句很关键。第一句一般不留空，是个完整的句子，整篇文窜的信息从此句开始。因此读好第一句不仅能够把握文章要讲什么内容，而且也可能把握作者的写作态度。因此，考生最好在读完第一句话后，不要急于看下一句，而是应先根据首句内容，对下文所要出现的故事进行一下推测，这有利于靠近作者的思路，避免走弯路。根据文章第一段的第一句While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.可知作者在大学期间探索某些东西。所以第41题I myself went through this 41 process划线处应该填searching，和前文中的exploration呼应。
2、先通读全文，掌握大意，理清各种角色。
记叙文一般有两个或两个以上的角色，作者对这些角色的态度各不一样，即使同样—件事发生在不同人身上作者也可能采用不同的写作描述。
3、理顺事件的发生、发展、结局
记叙文的多项选择式完形填空题多半以事情发展的顺序进行叙述。正确把握文章的发展顺序对于把握文章的主旨有着重要的意义，因此在选择答案时可以先理情人物的关系及各自所做的事情。
例如第57题The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者参加报名上手语课，教授的耳朵是听不见的，这是符合情理的。按照事情的发展，考生可以推测课堂上讲话应该是不允许的。所以选择A选项prohibit，表示“禁止”。
[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 1973，I was teaching elementary school. Each day，27 kids __41__ “The Thinking Laboratory”．That was the __42__ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too __43__．
Freddy was an average __44__，but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)．He would __45__ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's __46__．
Before the school year __47__， I gave the kids a special __48__，T shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your __49__” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull，most of the __50__ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide __51__ on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his __52__ from high school and remained the same __53__ person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man __54__ in his truck. Another time，he __55__ a friend money to buy a house.
Just last year，I was __56__ a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and __58__ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a __59__ from Freddy's mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us，we all __60__ something from Freddy.
41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran
42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan
43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull
44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker
45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh
46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake
47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended
48.A.lesson B. gift C. report D. message
49. A.friends B.Awards C.Masters D.Tasks
50. A.simple B.unique C. fun D.clever
51. A.assessments B. comments C.instructions D.updates
52. A.graduation B. retirement C.separation D.resignation
53. A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart
54. A.wait B.sleep C.study D.live
55. A.paid B.charged C.lent D.owed
56. A.observing B.preparing C. designing D.conducting
57. A.regretted B.avoided C.excused D.ignored
58. A.opened B.packed C.gave D.held
59. A.picture B.bill C.note D.diary
60. A.chose B.took C.expected D.borrowed
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者在一所小学任教，学生Freddy虽然成绩平平，但性格很好，既有同情心，又是乐天派。学年结束前作者给每个孩子送了一件T恤衫，上面印有Verbs Are Your Friends(把动词当作朋友)的字样，多年后得知Freddy的各种爱心事迹。Freddy不幸去世后，其母亲寄了一封信到学校，交给作者多年前送给Freddy的“动词”T恤衫，令作者感慨良多。
41. B 学生每天进入“思考实验室”学习。build 建造；enter进入；decorate装饰；run奔跑，管理。
42. A 从Room 104到The Thinking Laboratory只是名字(name)的改变。
48. B T恤衫是作者送给学生的礼物。
49. A “把动词当作朋友”，即作者希望学生们要有爱心行动，不要空谈。
50. C T恤衫寓意深刻。尽管“动词”本身是枯燥的，但把它们变成行动是最大的乐趣。作者告诫学生们要做行动的巨人。
51. D 这些年来，作者偶然从以前的学生那里得知他们老同学的近况。用update表示得知的信息不断在更新。
52. A 作者得知Freddy毕业后干了几种不同的工作。
53. C Freddy毕业后个性未变，仍然是一个充满爱心(caring)的人。从下文的两个具体事例可知Freddy一直对别人充满爱心。
54. B Freddy让无家可归者睡在自己的车上。
55. C Freddy借钱给朋友购房。
56. D conduct在此表示“指导，管理”。此处表示作者在上课。
57. C excuse在此用来表达打搅别人之时的歉意。一般情况下用于excuse me或者excuse oneself结构， 也可用于excuse one's leave或者excuse one's interruption等结构。
58. A 作者打开信封。
59. C 信封里的便条(note)告知作者Freddy离世的消息。
60. B Freddy被上帝带走，但我们却从Freddy的故事得到很多启发。
【名师点睛】
本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多。 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：
I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .
A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart
【分析】同义词同现，根据第二段第二句“He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）”，这里的compassion与选项中的caring虽然词性不同，但表达的是相同的意思，属于同义词同现。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Toronto man is offering a free round the world air ticket to the right woman. But __41__ apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian __42__．
Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round the world air tickets in May, but their __43__ ended and he did not want her ticket to __44__. The ticket had a strict no transfer(不可转让) __45__， but since passport information was not required when __46__， any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can __47__ it.
“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to __48__ a lot of joy，” said Axani. He posted his __49__ on a social networking website, and received thousands of e mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the __50__ passports. “More __51__， there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in __52__ their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，” Axani said. “It was absolutely out of __53__，thousands of e mails, people around the world __54__ their stories of travel.”
Axani wrote in his post that he is not __55__ anything in return and that the woman who uses the __56__ ticket can choose to either travel with him or __57__ the ticket and travel on her own.
The __58__ is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __59__ in Toronto on January 8. He said the __60__ woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.
41.A.benefits B.deposits C.retrictions D.examinations
42.A.orgin B.passport C.accent D.firend
43.A.holiday B.marriage C.dream D.relationship
44.A.go to waste B.come to mind C. go no sale D.come into effect
45.A.policy B.order C.parment D.schedule
46.A.applying B.booking C.checking D.bargaining
47.A.use B.borrow C.choose D.buy
48.A.sacrifice B.express C.experience D.provide
49.A.answer B.advice C.offer D.comment
50.A.same B.right C.now D.real
51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing
52. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing
53. A. touch B. question C. date D. control
54. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting
55. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with
56. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with
57. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide
58. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting
59. A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying
60.A.honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。Axani订好了机票打算和女友周游世界，但是他和女朋友最终分手，票又不能退，该怎么办呢？Axani通过向同名同国籍的女士免费赠票的方式解决了这一问题。
41. C 根据后句可知，得到这张免费机票的女士的名字必须是“Elizabeth Gallagher”，还需有加拿大护照。很显然这是限制(restriction)条件。benefit益处；deposit存款，寄存；examination检查，检测。
42. B 后文passport有原词复现。这里表达的意思是“需要加拿大护照”。
43. D 由语境可知，他本来和女朋友订了机票，但是不幸分手了，机票不能退。由此可知，这里表达的意思是“他和女朋友分手了”，也就是“两人的关系结束了”，所以选D。holiday假期；marriage婚姻；dream梦想。
44. A 和女朋友分手了，票又不能退，他不想把票浪费(go to waste)掉，于是就产生了免费赠票的想法。come to mind想起来；go on sale出售；come into effect生效。
48. C 某人可以体验(experience)环球旅行的快乐。sacrifice牺牲；express表达；provide提供。
49. C 由语境可知，这里指的是他把赠票信息发布到网络上，所以选offer，意为“(主动)提供”。answer答案；advice建议；comment评价，评论。
50. B 根据语境可知这里指的是恰当的护照，所以选right。same相同的；new新的；real真正的。
51. A 更有趣的(interesting)是还有很多人想改成这个名字。annoying恼人的；satisfying令人满意的；convincing有说服力的。
52. D 由第一段的信息可知，要想得到这张票需要两个条件，有很多满足第二个条件的人(加拿大护照)想通过改名的方式再满足第一个条件，所以这里表达的意思是：有些人想要改成(change)他前女友的名字。write写；give给；lend借出。
53. D 这件事几乎失去了控制。out of touch失去联系；out of question毫无疑问；out of date 过期；out of control失去控制。故选D。
54. C 世界上很多人都在分享他们旅行的故事。admire羡慕；advertise打广告；share分享；doubt怀疑。
55. B 他没有盼望得到回报，只是不想让票浪费了。look for意为“寻找”。leave留下；lose丢失；deal with 处理。
56. D 他之前的女朋友不能和他一起旅行了，所以票是多余的(extra)。
57. B 使用这张票的人可以和他一起旅行，也可以拿走(take)票自己去旅行。return归还；reserve保留，保存；hide藏。
58. C 根据上下文可知是环球旅行。interview 采访；programme项目；meeting会议，见面。
59. A 根据上文的start可知这里说的是结束(end)时间。
60. D 结合常识和上文所说的有那么多人对这张票感兴趣可知，能得到这张免费票的人是幸运的。所以选D。honoured荣幸的；lovely可爱的；intelligent聪明的。
[2017·浙江卷6月考]
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a __36__ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They __37__ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was __38__ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more __39__ to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language— new books, ancient books, __40__ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for __41__ to move the books to a __42__ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. __43__，she brought books home every night, __44__ her car late after work. Her friends came to __45__ her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant __46__ to hide some books. All through the __47__，Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, __48__ them over the seven foot wall and __49__ them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war __50__. Then nine days later, a fire burned the __51__ to the ground.
One day, the bombing stopped and the __52__ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be __53__ again while the city was __54__. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and __55__ peace and a new library.
36. A. meeting B. working C. personal D. religious
37. A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed
38. A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious
39. A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive
40. A. then B. still C. even D. rather
41. A. permission B. confirmation C. explanation D. information
42. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe
43. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. Seriously D. Secretly
44. A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing
45. A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue
46. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed
47. A. war B. night C. building D. way
48. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw
49. A. hid B. exchanged C.burnt D. distributed
50. A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended
51. A. restaurant B. library C. city D. wall
52. A. neighbours B. soldiers C. friends D. customers
53. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved
54. A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy
55. A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared about D. looked for
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在伊拉克的战火中，Alia Baker和朋友们勇敢地保护图书馆书籍的故事。
36. A 根据下文可知，很多爱书人士经常到图书馆来看书，分享知识，这是“以书会友”的地方，故选meeting。
37. D 他们在这里议论世界诸事，也很好地照应了上文的meeting place，故选discuss，表示“讨论、议论”。
38. A 根据上文提到战争即将来临，所以Alia很担心书在战火中可能会被毁掉，故选worry。
39. B 从下文的mountains of gold可知，Alia认为这些书比“金山”还要珍贵，所以选precious，意为“珍贵的”。
40. C 此处语义表示递进。这里的书有新的，有古老的，甚至还有一本有700年历史的关于伊拉克历史的书。
41. A 根据语境可知，她曾希望政府允许她把书搬到安全的地方去藏起来。此处ask for permission表示“征求……的许可”。
42. D 根据语境可知，她希望把书藏到安全的地方，所以选safe。
43. D 因为她的要求被政府拒绝了，所以Alia只能晚上偷偷地运书。
44. C 她只能晚上偷偷地把这些书装到她的汽车里运出去，故选fill表示“装载”。
45. B 战争爆发后，她的朋友们也赶来帮助她。
46. D 根据下文知，Anis有一家餐馆，他也答应把一些书藏到他的餐馆里。agree to do表示“同意做，答应做”。
47. B 根据语境可知，他们只能在晚上搬书，这也很好地照应了上文中的every night。
48. C 根据上下文可知，他们要把从图书馆里搬来的书递过高达7英尺的墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里，所以选pass表示“传递”。
49. A 结合上题解析可知，他们把书藏到了餐馆，故选hide。
50. C 根据语境可知，战争还在继续(continued)，而图书馆在9天后被大火烧毁。
51. B 根据语境及上一题解析可知，图书馆被烧毁了，故选library。
【名师点睛】
本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。逐渐侧重于对语篇复现的考查。
如47题，根据前文“she brought books home every night,”可知“All through the 47 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library”他们选择晚上转移书籍，故选B。
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。
考点：考查记叙文阅读。
2016年高考题
1.【2016·全国新课标I】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.
41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing
42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers
43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
44. A. each B. another C. that D. his
45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned
47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled
48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over
49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed
50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even
51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching
52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm
53. A. for B. so C. and D. but
54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash
55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out
57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver
58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free
59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked
60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise
【答案】
41-45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DBDAC 56-60 BBDAC
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文主要介绍了Larry在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆着火的汽车。他不顾个人安危，勇敢地拿起灭火器去救火，灭火后他才发现原来汽车里还有幸存的人员，他的行为挽救了他人的生命。
41.C考查动词辨析及语境理解。Walk 走路； tour旅行；travel旅游，行进；rush 冲。根据下文中Larry pulled over可知故事发生的时候他在沿着公路行驶。故选C。
42.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。passengers 乘客；colleagues同事； employers雇主；customers顾客；根据首句Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc可知他是送货司机，由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。故选D。
43.C考查连词辨析及语境理解。Since自从，由于；Although 尽管； As “当…时候；If如果；根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。故选C。
44.B考查代词辨析及语境理解。Each 每个；another 另一个； that 那个； his他的；根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on,可知当时有一辆亮着大灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。
45.A考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知当时汽车是着火了。Flame火苗；smoke烟；water水；steam蒸汽。故选A。
46.B考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled 残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。
47.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车去灭火。Get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。故选A。
48.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据and told Larry he had _48__ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。Come down下来；come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。故选D。
49.C考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据下文警察来了可知这个司机打了电话报警。Return 归还； receive a call 接到电话；make a call 打电话； confirm确认。 故选C。
50.A考查副词辨析及语境理解。根据语境判断他们听到车内有人发出的声音。Then那时；again再次；finally终于；even甚至。故选A。
51.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断当时Larry离汽车远，所以他是走近了之后才看到车内的那位女士。Start the car发动汽车；park a car 停放汽车；pass a car路过汽车；approach a car 走近汽车。故选D。
52.B考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。Quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的；故选 B。
53.D考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。for 因为；. So所以；and 并且； but但是。故选D。
54.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。Explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎；故选A 。
55.C考查短语和介词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。As if仿佛；unless 除非； in case 以免； after在之后。故选C。
56.B考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。Stepped forward 迈步向前；backed off退后； moved on 继续前行；set out出发；根据句意选B。
59.A考查短语辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。for certain 确定无疑； for consideration 以供参考； report报道；check核实；故选A。
60.C考查名词辨析及语境理解。Patience耐心；skill技能；effort努力；promise承诺；根据从上文可知Larry的努力挽救了别人的性命。 故选C。
考点：考查故事类短文阅读
【方法点拨】
解答完形填空的三大策略
词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。
1. 词语同现。
词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。比如They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived。
52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm
根据后文中she should not move，可以判断选B。
2. 词语复现。
词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词(如wrong, not correct)、上义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。比如： One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out。45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
根据后句中the fire was put out.判断选A。
3. 逻辑推理。
在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因为完形填空考查的是一种综合能力，不但是对词汇的考查，而且对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查的重点。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。
3.【2016·全国新课标III】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant 21 Miller King, who was the best 22 at our school.
Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 23 .
Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 24 . He looked very 25 , but he didn’t cry.
That season, I 26 all of Miller`s records while he 27 the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29 .
One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fence — which wasn’t 31 to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 33 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 34 on the other side, he said to me, ＂ You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for 36 .＂
His words freed me from my bad 37 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 38 ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him. From that day on，I grew 40 and a little more real.
21. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with
22. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player
23. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure
24. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training
25. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed
26. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried
27. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched
28. A. and B. then C. but D. thus
29. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice
30. A. stuck B. hurt C. tried D. lost
31. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit
32. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology
33. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed
34. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe
35. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally
36. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them
37. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams
38. A. still B. also C. yet D. just
39. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired
40. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler
【答案】
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D
35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
试题分析：文章是一篇与足球有关的故事。作者想成为球队里最棒的球员，并向最优秀的球员Miller看齐。为了实现梦想，作者刻苦训练，在Miller受伤之后，作者脱颖而出，成为最有价值球员。作者的表现得到了Miller认可。
21. B考查动词短语辨析。A. cheering for为…欢呼；B. beating out打败；C. relying on依靠；D. staying with和......待在一起。根据“become the star on our football team”可知，要想成为球队里的明星，就要打败最优秀的球员，故选B。
22. D考查名词辨析。A.coach教练；B. student学生；C. teacher教师；D. player选手，球员。 who was the best 22 at our school.全校最好的球员是Miller King，故选D。
23. A考查名词辨析。A.practice练习；B. show演出，表现，节目；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure乐趣。作者随身带着足球是为了练习，故选A。
24. C考查名词辨析。A.school学校；B. vacation假期；C. hospital医院；D. training训练。Miller意外受伤，失去了右臂，作者在他出院后去看他，故选C。
25. A考查形容词辨析。A. pale苍白的；B. calm平静的；C. relaxed放松点；D. ashamed羞耻的，惭愧的。根据“but he didn’t cry”可知，Miller的情况不太乐观，故选A。
26. B考查动词辨析。A. held握住；B. broke打破；C. set创立，开创；D. tried尝试。根据“records记录”可知，作者破了Miller的纪录，故选B。
27. D考查动词辨析。A.reported报告；B. judged 判断；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受伤后的Miller坐在长凳上观看比赛，故选D。
30. A考查形容词辨析。A.stuck；B. hurt；C. tired劳累的；D. lost丢失的。saw Miller 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻篱笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻篱笆很困难，因此应该是被卡在篱笆上了，故选A。
31. B考查形容词辨析。A. steady稳定的；B. hard困难的；C. fun有趣的；D. fit合适的，健康的。 if you had both arms. 手臂健全的人翻篱笆不费吹灰之力，故选B。
32. C考查名词辨析。A.praise表扬；B. advice建议；C. assistance帮助；D. apology道歉。作者认为Miller最不愿接受作者的帮助，the last最不可能的，故选C。
33. B考查动词辨析。A.let让；B. helped帮助；C. had有，使；D. noticed注意到。根据“he accepted”可知，Miller接受了作者的帮助，故选B。
34. D考查形容词辨析。A. dropped；B. ready准备好的；C. trapped被困住的；D. safe安全的。作者和Miller两人成功翻过篱笆，故选D。
35. A考查副词辨析。A.fine够好，可接受；B. wrong错误地；C. quickly迅速；D. normally正常。Miller认为作者表现得很好，故选A。
36. C考查代词辨析。A. us我们；B. yourself 你自己； C. me我；D. them他们。Miller感谢作者填补了他的空缺，故选C。
37. D考查名词辨析。A.memories记忆；B. ideas主意；C. attitudes态度；D. dreams梦。得到了Miller的认可之后，作者的噩梦也不见了踪影，故选D。
38. A考副词辨析查。A.still仍然；B. also也；C. yet然而，还没；D. just刚刚，仅仅。 Damaged but not defeatedMiller虽然受伤了，但却不会被打败，作者认为Miller仍然是最强的，故选A。
39. D考查动词辨析。A. challenged挑战；B. cured治愈；C. invited邀请；D. admired敬佩，赞赏，欣赏。 I was right to have 39 him. 作者认为自己敬佩Miller没有做错，故选D。
40. B考查形容词比较级。A.healthier更健康的；B. bigger更大的，更重要的，更成功的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. cooler更酷的，更凉的。从那天起，作者长大了许多，更重视自己的存在了，故选B。
考点：生活故事类短文阅读
【名师点睛】
完形填空具体解题技巧：
【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项
逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有：
（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；
（2）短语，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；
（3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。
【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配
词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。
【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异
高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。
【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇
连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，考生在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。
4.【2016·北京】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town`s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome`s town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon`s face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen’s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.
Nome had been 55 .
36.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured
37.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless
38.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However
39.A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border
40.A.narrow B. snowy C.busy D.dirty
41.A.From B.On C.By D.After
42.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick
43.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic
44.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road
45.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give
46.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If
47.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross
48.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish
49.A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die
50.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination
51.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change
52.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning
53.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play
54.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived
55.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed
【答案】
36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B41.C42.D43.A44.B45.A46.C47.D48.C49.D50.C51.A52.B53.A54.D55.B
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病--白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。
39. C考查名词辨析。A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。
40. B考查形容词辨析。A.narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。
41. C考查介词辨析。A.From从，自；B.On在......上面；C.By通过，在......之前；D.After在......之后。by+时间，与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选C。
42. D考查形容词辨析。A.tired劳累的；B.upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D.sick生病的。四个孩子相继去世，还有20几个患病，故选D。
43. A考查名词辨析。A.plan计划；B.excuse借口；C.message信息；D.topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。
44. B考查名词辨析。A.air空气；B.rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D.road道路。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。
45. A考查动词辨析。A.carry运送，携带；B.return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D.give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。
46. C考查时间状语从句。A.Though虽然；B.Since因为，自从；C. When当；D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。
47. D考查动词辨析。A.enter进入；B.move移动；C. visit拜访；D.cross穿过。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。
48. C考查形容词辨析。A.shameful惭愧的；B.boring令人厌烦的；C.dangerous危险的；D.foolish愚蠢的。根据“which could sometimes break up without warning”可知，这是旅途最难的一部分，故选C。
49. D考查动词辨析。A.escape逃跑；B.bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D.die死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中，Seppala会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会去世，故选D。
50. C考查名词辨析。A.memory记忆；B.exit出口；C.way道路；D.destination目的地。根据下一句可知，有的地方被大雪挡住了去路，Seppala不得不绕道行驶，故选C。
51. A考查动词辨析。A.find找到；B.fix固定，安装；C. pass通过；D.change改变。当时的天气状况极差，Seppala找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选A。
52. B考查动词辨析。A.pretending假装；B.trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D.learning学会。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道，故选B。
53. A考查动词辨析。A.run跑；B.leave离开；C. bite咬；D.play玩耍。Seppala的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选A。
54. D考查动词辨析。A.gathered聚集；B.stayed保持；C. camped露营，借住；D.arrived到达。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。
55. B考查动词辨析。A.controlled控制；B.saved拯救；C.founded建立；D.developed发展。所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。
考点：人物故事类短文阅读
【名师点睛】
完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法：
1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力
完型填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。
2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力
解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。例如第39空：A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。
3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力
旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。
4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力
目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。
5.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力
此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。例如第46空：A.Though虽然；B.Since因为，自从；C. When当；D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。
5.【2016·天津】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选春最佳选项。
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start
26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind
27. A. trusted B.determined C.experienced D. embarrassed
28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
29. A. beginner B.learner C. partner D. winner
30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
31. A. admitting B.explaining C.announcing D. whispering
32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
35. A. through B. under C. across D. around
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己十岁的女儿在童年遭受病痛之苦，在接受治疗之后好转。之后决心做一个游泳选手，虽然身体不适，还是坚持训练，虽然经常是比赛后的最后一名，但是一直不放弃。最后教练的一番话给予Cathy最大的奖励和肯定。
16.【答案】D
考点：考查名词辨析。
17.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文After years of regular treatment，可知，她最后健康了。A.通常；B.最后；C.首先；D.经常。故选B。
考点：考查副词辨析。
18.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文a dream came into her sweet little head，可知，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A.提高；B.训练；C.参加；D.联系。故选C。
考点：考查动词辨析。
19.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文She practiced hard，可知，她最后做到了。A.增加；B.发现；C.创造；D.使得。make it做到，成功。故选D。
考点：考查动词辨析和固定搭配。
20.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文was a tough start，可知，然而，游泳队的训练是个艰难的开始。A.然而；B.因此；C.否则；D.代替。故选A。
考点：考查副词辨析。
21.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文she coughed and choked，可知，她咳嗽，窒息，在前几个星期几乎不能生存。A.使用； B. 生存； C. 拯救；节约；D.浪费。故选B。
考点：考查动词辨析。
22.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据Hearing her coughing bitterly one night，可知，我决定将她拉开。A.拉；B.告诉，辨别；C.躲藏；D.解雇。故选A。
考点：考查动词辨析。
23.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据wearing her swimsuit，可知，她穿着游泳衣准备走。A.害怕的；B.紧张的；C.准备好的；D.免费的，自由的。故选C。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
24.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing，可知，她拒绝放弃，坚持要走。A.脱下，起飞；开始流行；B.启程，引发；C.放弃；D.出现。故选C。
考点：考查动词短语辨析。
25.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据keep swimming可知，Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练。A.参加；B.错过；C. 禁止； D. 开始。故选B。
考点：考查动词辨析。
26.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文：Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练，可知，她的内心有坚定的意志。A.富有的；B.虚弱的；C.坚定的； D. 好心的。故选C。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
27.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文with a passion and a mission，可知，我十岁的女儿成长为一个有决心的人。A.信任的；B.有决心的；C.有经验的； D. 尴尬的。故选B。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
28.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文often she would be the last swimmer in the race可知，也有挫败的时候。A.沮丧，挫败；B.高兴；C.兴奋；D.惊讶。故选A。
考点：考查名词辨析。
29.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文the last swimmer，可知，要Cathy接受她不是获胜者很难。A.初学者；B.学习者；C.伙伴；D.获胜者。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
30.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文praise their accomplishments可知，Cathy在那里为队友加油鼓劲。A. 向……欢呼， 为……鼓劲加油；B.和……竞争；C.回答；D.追赶。故选A。
考点：考查动词短语辨析。
31.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文总教练说的话，可知，这里是总教练宣布的事情。A.承认；B.解释；C.宣布；D.低语，耳语。故选C。
考点：考查动词辨析。
32.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据enthusiasm可知，教练说：是Cathy用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.诚实；D.智慧。故选B。
考点：考查名词辨析。
33.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文the most valuable asset…可知，虽然技巧和才能带来巨大成功，但是一个人能拥有的最珍贵的财富是心。A.虽然；B.自从；C.一旦；D.因为。故选A。
考点：考查连词辨析。
34.【答案】D
考点：考查名词辨析。
35.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据句意：由于这十年她经历的时间，这是真正成功的时候。A.通过（内部），经历；B.在……下面；C.穿过（表面）；D.在……周围。故选A。
考点：考查介词辨析。
【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，这类文章首先要通读抓住故事发生的情节和作者想传达的中心思想。围绕主旨解答更有把握。故事内容体现了Cathy的坚持不懈的毅力和执着的精神。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。
做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力，领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。
1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。
这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。像这篇完型的16题，下文明显出现了treatment，还有26题和27题，这两题关联很大，是相辅相成的。29题是和上文的last winner信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。
2. 逻辑推理。
逻辑推理是通过对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的理解从而推断出正确答案。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。逻辑推理题需要考生对上下文的理解全面把握，难度较大，考生不能将句子独立开，要注意一个句群，一个段落的整体理解。这篇文章逻辑推理的题较多。如17题，这里表示时间的顺乘；20题主要是上下文的逻辑关系，特别是出现了tough和上文是转折关系；还有33题，抓住关键词skills and talents 和heart，可知这里也是转折关系。
7.【2016·四川】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 21 grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 22 . But Lainey took one look at it, 23 her eyes, and said, “Borring!”
Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 24 the youngest children in the class were 25 by the story. They 26 with great interest and then 27 joined in grand conversations about Harry`s adventures.
“How can you say it`s 28 ? Have you read it? ” asked Aunt Dede.
“No, it`s too long and it doesn`t have any 29 .” complained Lainey.
“Oh, that`s where you are 30 ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 31 them. It`s like magic.”
“Nice try , Aunt Dede,”Lainey replied 32 from the back seat.
Another 33 was in order. “Well, if you don’t want to read it, give it34 .Maybe your mom would 35 hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter,36 were coming from the back seat:“Please read a little37.”
Lainey is an example of an 38reader. As shown here, Lainey can become 39 about reading when 40 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.
21.A．within B.on C.to D. above
22.A．daughter B.niece C. student D.friend
23.A．opened B.dried C.rolled D.shaded
24.A．Even B.Still C. Just D.Yet
25.A．surprised B.annoyed C. puzzled D.attracted.
26.A．read B.told C.listened D.wrote
27.A．suspectedly B.anxiously C.calmly D.enthusiastically
28.A．amazing B.boring C.ridiculous D.humorous
29.A．pictures B.stories C. adventures D.conversations
30.A．crazy B.foolish C. wrong D.different
31.A．see B. match C.show D.recognize
32.A．sourly B.patiently C. eagerly D.shyly
33.A．idea B.try C.belief D.behavior
34.A．away B.out C.in D.back
35.A．enjoy B.admit C. mind D.finish
36.A．decisions B. requests C.comments D.promises
37.A.more clearly B.longer C. louder D.more carefully
38.A. Unpleasant B. Innocent C.unwilling D.independent
39.A.astonished B.worried C. confused D.excited
40.A. presented B. concerned C.disturbed D.replaced
【答案】21.D 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.D 40.A
【解析】
试题分析：本文通过Lainey的故事告诉人们如何让孩子喜欢阅读。
21.D考查介词。A．within在---之内；B.on在---上面；C.to朝着---； D. above超过，在---之上。句意：她成绩好，读书超过他的年纪水平，但是她不喜欢读。故选D。
22.B考查名词。A．daughter女儿；B.niece侄子；C. student 学生；D.friend朋友。根据“姑姑拿出一本哈利比特”，可知是“给她侄子一个惊喜”， 故选B。
23.C考查动词。A．opend打开；B.dried哭；C.rolled滚动；D.shaded遮蔽。句意：Lainey看了它一眼，转动着眼珠，说“令人厌烦”。故选C。
24.A考查副词。A．Even甚至；B.Still仍然；C. Just仅仅，只是； D.Yet然而。句意：Aunt Dcde，一位老师，曾给她的学生读过这本书，他们喜欢它。甚至班里最小的孩子也被故事吸引。故选A。
25.D 考查动词。A．surpriesd使惊讶；B.annoyed 烦恼；C. puzzled疑惑； D.attracted吸引。
句意：甚至班里最小的孩子也被故事吸引。故选D。
26.C考查动词。A．read阅读；B.told告诉；C.listened听；D.wrote写。根据上文可知“孩子们带着极大的兴趣听这故事”。故选C。
27.D考查副词。A．suspectedly怀疑地；B.anxiously焦虑地；C.calmly冷静地；D.enthusiastically充满热情地。听玩故事后，孩子们充满热情地加入到关于哈利波特冒险的谈话中。故选D。
28.B考查形容词。A．amazing令人惊讶的；B.boring厌烦的；C.ridiculous荒谬的；D.humorous幽默的。根据第一段最后一个单词，可知此处意思是“你怎么能说它是令人厌烦的呢”？故选B。
29.A考查名词。A．pictures图画；B.stories故事；C. adventures冒险； D.conversations谈话。句意：它太长，也没有图画。根据文章第一句可知他是一个三年级的孩子，当然喜欢看图画。故选A。
30.C考查形容词。A．crazy疯狂的；B.foolish 愚蠢的；C. wrong 错误的；D.different不同的。
根据空格下句“有许多图画，每页都有图画”。可知你说没图画是你“错了”。故选C。
31.A考查动词。A．see看见；B. match匹配；C.show展示；D.recognize认出。句意：只是你必须读单词才能看见它们。故选A。
32.A考查副词。A．sourly怪怪地，酸酸地；B.patiently耐心地；C. eagerly热切地； D.shyly害羞地。句意：Lainey怪怪地说，“试一次”。故选A。
33.B考查名词。A．idea主意，想法；B.try尝试；C.belief信念；D.behavior举止，行为。句意：又试了一次。故选B。
34.D 考查副词。A．away离开；B.out外面；C.in在---里面；D.back向后地。句意：如果你不想读它，把它还回去。give back归还，故选D。
35.A考查动词。A．enjoy喜爱；B.admit承认；C. mind介意； D.finish完成。句意：或许你的妈妈喜欢听这个故事。故选A。
39.D考查过去分词。A.astonished 吃惊的； B.worried担忧的； C. confused 困惑的； D.excited兴奋的。正如上面所示，Lainey关于阅读能变的兴奋。故选D。
40.A考查动词。A. presented赠送，提出，呈现； B. concerned 牵挂；C.disturbed 干扰； D.replaced代替。句意：当提供给他感兴趣的话题时，Lainey关于阅读能变的兴奋。present提出，呈现。故选A。
【学法指导】
浅谈如何做好完形填空
1.上下文对照，抓关键词。
解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。比如28小题B考查形容词。A．amazing令人惊讶的；B.boring厌烦的；C.ridiculous荒谬的；D.humorous幽默的。根据第一段最后一个单词，可知此处意思是“你怎么能说它是令人厌烦的呢”？故选B。
2.结合生活，利用常识题解题。
目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。比如第29小题A考查名词。A．pictures图画；B.stories故事；C. adventures冒险； D.conversations谈话。句意：它太长，也没有图画。根据文章第一句可知他是一个三年级的孩子，当然喜欢看图画。故选A
考点：考查故事类阅读。
2015年高考试题
1.【2015·湖北】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty _31__left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was _32__. The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers __33_ money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a __34_ for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He _35__ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.
“You don’t know the __36_ of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “_37__ it’s not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly __38__ they have time to see, and you’ll __39_ out and get your money,” Chad said.
It was a new _40__to Jason. He thought of his bird with no __41_ and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was __42_ that he would not tell a lie. Though he was _43__ a poor newsboy, he had been _44__ some good things.
The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers _45__. Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a __46_ smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason__47_money because he would not tell a lie. The boy _48__ at Jason. “You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder__49_.”You’re just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new __50_. He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.
31.A. shops B. coins C. people D. papers
32.A. open B. heavy C. pure D. weak
33.A. instead of B.in return for C. regardless of D. in exchange for
34.A. cup B. card C. comb D. cake
35.A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up
36.A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret
37.A. And B. But C. For D. So
38.A. before B. since C. though D. unless
39.A. call B. drop C. sell D. reach
40.A. edition B. idea C. policy D. task
41.A. bread B. insects C. seeds D. water
42.A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined
43.A. still B. already C. just D. also
44.A. taught B. handed C. awarded D. allowed
45.A. at once B. by chance C. as usual D. on purpose
46.A. proud B. gentle C. warm D. polite
47.A. borrowed B. lost C. made D. saved
48.A. laughed B. shouted C. nodded D. started
49.A. bravely B. grateful C. fondly D. modestly
50.A. duty B. business C. job D. method
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。和其他卖报郎不同，Jason不愿通过谎称报纸上有热点新闻的方法卖更多报纸，挣更多钱，而是一直坚守着诚信，最终赢得了邮局里一位绅士的认可，并获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。
31.D考查名词。根据上文“…, carrying some newspapers…”可知，此处表示还剩20份报纸没卖完。A项“商店”；B项“硬币”；C项“人”；D项“报纸”。故选D项。
32.B考查形容词。根据上文可知，小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完，因而心情十分沉重。A项“敞开心扉”；B项“心情沉重”；C项“纯粹，纯净”；D项“虚弱”。故选B项。
33.A考查介词短语。根据下文“…to make more money to…”可知，小男孩准备把剩下的报纸而不是钱带回家。A项“代替，而不是”；B项“作为回报”；C项“不管，不顾”；D项“以换取……”。故选A项。
34.D考查名词。根据下文“…and the cake he wanted to buy…”可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食。A项“茶杯”；B项“卡片”；C项“梳子”；D项“蛋糕”。故选D项。
38.A考查连词。句意：在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉。A项“在……之前”；B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。故选A项。
39.C考查动词。句意：你就会把报纸卖完，拿到钱。A项call out“大声叫喊”；B项“退学，退出”；C项sell out“卖完”；D项reach out“伸出（手）”。故选C项。
40.B句意：这对Jason来说是个新主意。A项 “版本”；B项“主意，想法”；C项“政策”；D项“任务”。故选B项。
41.C考查名词。根据上文“…he wanted to buy a _34_ for his mother and some seeds for his bird”可知，此处意为“没有鸟食”。A项 “面包”；B项“昆虫”；C项“鸟食”；D项“水”。故选C项。
42.D考查形容词。句意：……, 但他坚决不会说谎。A项 “担心的”；B项“惊讶的”；C项“激动的，兴奋的”；D项“坚定的，坚决的”。故选D项。
43.C考查连词。句意：尽管他仅仅是个贫穷的卖报郎，他受过良好的教育。A项 “仍然”；B项“已经”；C项“仅仅”；D项“也”。故选C项。
44.A考查动词。根据句意可知，他受过良好的教育。A项 “教授”；B项“上交”；C项“奖励”；D项“允许”。故选A项。
45.C考查固定搭配。句意：第二天下午，Jason像往常一样去邮局取报纸。A项 “立即”；B项“偶然”；C项“像往常一样”；D项“故意地”。故选C项。
46.A考查形容词。句意：好几个男孩都簇拥着Chad，他面带微笑，自豪地宣称：前一天他卖了72份报纸。A项 “自豪的”；B项“温和的”；C项“温暖的”；D项“有礼貌的”。故选A项。
47.B考查动词。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项 “借”；B项“失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。故选B项。
48.A考查动词。句意：男孩们都对Jason嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎？”。A项 “嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”；C项“点头”；D项“盯着看”。故选A项。
49.C考查副词。句意：邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了Jason的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”A项 “勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。故选C项。
50.C考查名词。根据下文可知，Jason获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。A项 “责任，义务”；B项“生意”；C项“工作”；D项“方法”。故选C项。
【考点定位】记叙文阅读。
【名师点睛】今年湖北高考英语完形填空总体难度有所下降，无生僻单词和复杂句子，考生容易读懂，但个别题目比较纠结,如33、35短语辨析。文章讲述的是一个小报童因诚实亏钱，后又因诚实获得好工作的跌宕起伏的故事。全文凸显人文气息，彰显树人价值导向。考生只要依据故事情节发展，结合上下文复现信息，就可以正确作答。
2.【2015·北京】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead? Dario asked.
They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”
Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 52 music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.
36.A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked
37.A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry
38.A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead
39.A. note B. poster C. bill D. report
40.A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice
41.A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience
42.A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit
43.A. party B. concert C. show D. play
44.A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action
45.A. to B. with C. for D. from
46.A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
47.A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise
48.A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served
49. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried
50. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
51. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
52. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
53. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid
54. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing
55. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述了一对母子搬入新家，非常高兴，在深夜弹起钢琴庆祝，却打扰了周围邻居。邻居留言抱怨投诉，母子积极回应，为邻居们办了一场派对来缓和邻里关系，并得到邻居们的谅解。
36．A 考查动词辨析。A. sit坐；B. stand站立；C. lay躺在；D. walk散步。根据后文内容在钢琴旁边弹琴的环节，可知应该是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏，故选A。
37. C 考查名词辨析。A. voice声音；B. ring铃声；C. music音乐；D. cry哭声。考查前文细节jazzmusic的原词复现，是音乐充满了房间。故选C。
38. B 考查副词辨析。A. therefore因此，所以；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. instead代替。通过上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和下文的幸福一下子disappeared的强烈对比可知，本处需要一个逻辑关系为转折的副词，故选B。
41. A 考查名词辨析。A. neighbors邻居们；B. friends朋友们；C. relatives亲属，亲戚；D. audiences听众。此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选A。
42. D 考查动词辨析。A. blame归咎于，指责；B. instruct通知，命令；C. question询问，质问；D. visit参观，拜访。由上文可知，母子两人对于扰民之事十分抱歉，想要去道歉，因此“指责”、“指导”和“质问”都不符合语境，故选D。
43. A 考查名词辨析。A. party聚会；B. concert音乐会；C. show展览；D.play游戏，比赛。此题为线索题且为原词复现，由后文可知母子为解决此事办了一场派对，并邀请了邻居们，故选A。
44. B 考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. idea主意；C. performance表演；D. action行为。此题可排除得知，母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现或行为。故选B。
45. C 考查介词辨析。A. to到；B. with伴随着；for为了；D. from来自。
母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词for有表“为了”的含义，故选C。
46.B 考查动词辨析。A. continue继续；B. arrive到达；C. pass通过；D. finish完成。根据上文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选B。
47.C 考查动词辨析。A. order命令，点菜；B. sell买；C. share分享；D. advertise做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享，故选C。
48. B 考查动词辨析。A. treat招待，治疗；B. present呈现；C. help帮助；D. serve为……服务。这道题有难度，根据本句话的意思：Mrs.Gilbert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出“送”这个动作的，就是present“呈现…，给…”，故选B。
49. D 考查动词辨析。A. promise承诺；B. admit许可进入；C. agree同意；D. serve服务。根据题意，Mrs.Gilbert之所以留了一张抱怨小纸条是担心每天晚上都会这么吵，故选D。
50. D 考查动词辨析。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer提供；D. owe感激，欠……债。这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉。故选D。
51. A 考查动词辨析。A. realize意识到；B. remember记起；C. understand 理解，懂的；D. accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择“意识到”这个动词，故选A。
52. D 考查形容词辨析。A. sweet甜的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的；C. funny滑稽的；D. loud 声音大的，吵闹的。根据上一句：I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.说明Mrs. Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music)。故选D。
53. C 考查形容词辨析。A. brave勇敢的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. happy快乐的；D. afraid害怕的。通过上文：These songs are beautiful music, 说明Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以we will be happy to play them。故选C。
54. B 考查动词辨析。A. change变化；B. practice 练习，实践；C. record记录；D. write写作。根据题意，应该是练习音乐，故选B。
55．C 考查名词辨析。A. quality品质；B. freedom自由；C. warmth温暖；D. sympathy同情心。看本句话后半部分：and made him feel that they were home at last. 如在家中一样，那就应该感受到了温暖，故选C。
【考点定位】故事类阅读
【名师点睛】文章讲述了“由于弹钢琴打扰邻居休息，作者邀请邻居到家里聚会并道歉，进而得到了邻居的谅解”。文章脉络清晰难度适中，场景也并不陌生。考生只要真正读懂文章，并牢牢把握上下索可。题目考查数量为动词9题，名词6题，形容词3题，副词1题，介词1题。考生在答题时，名词类题目需重点关注复现及上下文对应，动词题需关注动作的先后顺序及与其他词性的搭配，形容词与副词题即需要关注对应的感情色彩，所以做好完形填空需要注重细节问题。
3.【2015·江苏】完形填空 (共 20 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 20 分)
请阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel’s books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on. The stories of his unconventional 36 and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so 37 to me and had such a big 38 on how I saw life from then on. Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr. Bernie and his CDs again to 39 my own cancer experience?
I’m an ambitious 40, and when I started going through chemo (化疗) , even though I’m a very 41 person, I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the 42 . One day, while waiting to go in for 43 , I had one of Dr. Bernie’s books in my hand. Another patient 44 what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me 45 he had one of his books with him as well. It 46 that among other things, he was an eighty-year-old writer. He was47 a published author, and he was currently 48 on a new book.
We would see each other at various times and 49 friends. Sometimes he wore a duck hat, and I would tell myself, he was definitely a(n) 50 of Dr. Bernie. He really put a 51 on my face. He unfortunately 52 last year due to his cancer, 53 he left a deep impression on me and gave me the 54 to pick up my pen again. I 55 to myself, “If he can do it, then so can I.”
36. A. tastes B. ideas C. notes D. memories
37. A. amazing B. shocking C. amusing D. strange
38. A. strike B. push C. challenge D. impact
39. A. learn from B. go over C. get through D. refer to
40. A. reader B. writer C. editor D. doctor
41. A. positive B. agreeable C. humorous D. honest
42. A. mood B. position C. state D. way
43. A. advice B. reference C. protection D. treatment
44. A. viewed B. knew C. noticed D. wondered
45. A. while B. because C. although D. providing
46. A. came out B. worked out C. proved out D. turned out
47. A. naturally B. merely C. hopefully D. actually
48. A. deciding B. investing C. working D. relying
49. A. became B. helped C. missed D. visited
50. A. patient B. operator C. fan D. publisher
51. A. sign B. smile C. mark D. mask
52. A. showed up B. set off C. fell down D. passed away
53. A. since B. but C. so D. for
54. A. guidance B. trust C. opportunity D. inspiration
55. A. promised B. swore C. thought D. replied
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响。之后作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作，但在治疗期间结识一位同样受到Bernie影响，年迈却仍坚持写作的病友。在病友死后，作者又重新拾起纸笔。
36.B考查名词。根据首段首句可知，作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响。此处unconventional ideas意为“非传统的观点”与上句中“积极的人生观”呼应。A项“口味”；B项“观点”；C项“笔记”；D项“记忆”。故选B项。
37.A考查形容词。根据上文中“unconventional（非传统的）”和“unexceptional（例外的）”提示可知，他书中所写的东西对我来说十分惊异。A项“令人惊异的”；B项“令人震惊的”；C项“有趣的”；D项“奇怪的”。故选A项。
40.B考查名词。根据下文中“…, I lost my drive to write”可知，作者是一名抱负的作家。A项“读者”；B项“作家”；C项“编辑”；D项“医生”。故选B项。
41.A考查形容词。句意：尽管我是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力。a positive person与lost my drive to write构成让步关系，且与上文positivity呼应。 A项“积极的”；B项“称心如意的”；C项“幽默的”；D项“诚实的”。故选A项。
42.A考查名词。句意：我就是感觉太累，没有心情去写。in the mood意为“没有心情去做事”。A项“心情”；B项“位置，职位”；C项“状态”；D项“方式”。故选A项。
43.D考查名词。句意：一天，当我在等待治疗时，手里拿着Bernie的一本书。A项“建议”；B项“提及，参考”；C项“保护”；D项“治疗”。故选D项。
44.C考查动词。句意：另外一个病人注意到我在读些什么，主动跟我攀谈起来。A项 “认为”；B项“知道，了解”；C项 “（无意中）注意到”；D项 “想知道”。故选C项。
45.B考查连词。句意：该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因：他身上也有一本Bernie的书。A项表示时间或轻微转折；B项表示原因；C项表示让步；D项表示条件。故选B项。
46.D考查动词短语。除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家。A项 “出现，出版”；B项“锻炼，解决，制定”；C项“证明是合适的，令人满意的”；D项“证明是，结果是”。it turned out that是固定搭配，意为“结果是……，结果证明……”故选D项。
47.D考查副词。句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书。A项 “自然地”；B项“仅仅”；C项“有希望地”；D项“事实上”。故选D项。
48.C考查动词搭配。根据句意可知，他目前在写一本新书。A项 decide on“决定，确定”；B项invest on“投资，花时间在……上”；C项work on“从事，忙于”；D项rely on“依赖，依靠”。故选C项。
49.A考查动词。句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A项 “成为”；B项“帮助”；C项“错过”；D项“拜访”。故选A项。
50.C考查名词。根据句意可知，他的确是Bernie的粉丝。A项 “病人”；B项“操作员，接线员”；C项“粉丝”；D项“出版商”。故选C项。
51.B考查名词。根据句意可知，他的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑。A项 “标志，迹象，征兆”；B项“微笑”；C项“标记”；D项“面罩”。故选B项。
52.D考查动词短语。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项 “出现，露面”；B项“出发，动身”；C项“跌倒”；D项“去世（死的委婉表达）”。故选D项。
53.B考查连词。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A项表示时间；B项表示转折；C项表示结果；D项表示原因。故选B项。
54.D考查名词。句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。A项 “指导”；B项“信任”；C项“机会”；D项“鼓舞，激励，启发”。故选D项。
55.C考查名词。句意：我对自己说：“如果他能做到，我也能。”A项 “承诺”；B项“郑重发誓”；C项think to oneself “自言自语”；D项“回答”。故选C项。
【考点定位】记叙文阅读
【名师点睛】今年江苏高考英语完型填空难度有所降低，且篇幅也有减少，主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解。要求学生能做到“身临其境，感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图，同时“瞻前顾后，左顾右盼”，充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系，仔细推敲，最后还原整体和细节。考查的知识点包括：动词及动词短语辨析7道，名词辨析8道，形容词副词3道，连词2道。可见，名词和动词两大类是绝对主角，而弱化了形容词副词的考查。
4.【2015·陕西】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 26 and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was 27 to do it. At age five , this dull task brought me such 28 . I would excitedly turn the tap 29 and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would 30 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.
Two years later, Dad started his own 31 , which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to 32 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became 33 with him for placing our family in trouble. With 34 , an uncomfortable silence grew between us.
After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home 35 . As usually I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said ,“Hey, would you help me 36 my comb?” I looked at him a while, then 37 the comb and headed to the sink.
It hit me then: why, as a child, 38 Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to 39 the evening with Mum and me. It 40 a happy and loving family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and 41 placed his comb on his wallet. But this time , I noticed something 42 . Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, 43 his smile was still as 44 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good 45 for his family.
26. A. bag B. wallet C. comb D. brush
27. A. annoyed B. relieved C. ashamed D. pleased
28. A. joy B. sadness C. courage D. pain
29. A. out B. over C. in D. on
30. A. stare B. smile C. shout D. laugh
31. A. family B. business C. task D. journey
32. A. progress B. change C. improve D. form
33. A.satisfied B. delighted C. mad D. strict
34. A. time B. patience C. speed D. ease
35. A. occasionally B. early C. frequently D. rarely
36. A. sharply B. repair C. clean D. keep
37. A. dropped B. took C. handed D. threw
38. A. watching B. letting C. helping D. hearing
39. A. find B. lose C. waste D. spend
40. A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported
41. A. firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully
42. A. different B. exciting C. interesting D. urgent
43. A. for B. or C. so D. yet
44. A. convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent
45. A. origin B. life C. reputation D. education
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍作者小时候帮爸爸清理梳子，虽然枯燥，但是她很高兴这样做。经过一些变迁，作者领悟到自己喜欢这样做，是希望爸爸早些回来陪伴家人。爸爸也希望家人过得幸福。
26．C考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．bag包；B．wallet钱包；C．comb梳子；D．brush刷子。根据第一句中的“Dad had a green comb”可知答案选C。
27．D 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．annoyed生气的；B．relieved轻松的；C．ashamed羞愧的； D．pleased高兴的。根据下文的：I would excitedly turn the tap…。因此可以看出作者很高兴这么做，选D。
28．A 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．joy快乐；B．sadness悲伤；C．courage勇气；D．pain痛苦。根据下文的：I would excitedly turn the tap…。因此可以看出这个枯燥的任务给我带来了这样的快乐。故选A。
32．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．progress进步；B．change改变；C．improve提高；D．form形式。根据下文的：Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to,可知事情发生了变化。选B。
33．C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．satisfied满意的；B．delighted高兴的；C．mad疯狂的，生气的； D．strict严格的。建议：我和我妈妈因为他使家庭陷入困境对他生气。选C。
34．A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．time时间；B．patience耐心；C．speed速度； D．ease轻松。随着时间的过去，一种不舒服的沉默在我们之间滋长。选A。
35．B 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A．occasionally偶然地；B．early早地；C．frequently频繁地；D．rarely罕见地。根据下文的：Dad was home early可知在作者过生日的时候，爸爸早早回来了。选B。
36．C考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．sharpen削尖；B．repair修理；C．clean打扫；D．keep保持。根据上文的：help Daddy clean it，可知爸爸这次又让作者帮他清理梳子。选C。
37．B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．drop扔掉，掉落；B．take拿；C．hand递；D．throw扔掉。作者看了爸爸一会，拿上梳子，走向水池，选B。
38． C 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A．watch观看；B．let让；C．help帮助；D．hear听见。根据上文的：help Daddy clean it，可知作者小时候经常帮助爸爸清理梳子。选C。
39．D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．find发现；B．lose失去；C．waste浪费； D．spend度过。我小时候很高兴帮爸爸清理梳子，因为这意味着爸爸可以早早回来和妈妈和我一起度过夜晚，故选D。
40．C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．affect影响；B．break破坏；C．mean意味着； D．support支持。根据上文内容可知爸爸早早回来陪我和妈妈这意味着一个幸福的家庭。选C。
41．D 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A．firmly坚定地；B．hurriedly匆忙地；C．casually随意地；D．carefully仔细地。我将清理好的梳子递给爸爸，爸爸向我微笑，仔细地将它放进钱包。选D。
42．A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．different不同的；B．exciting令人兴奋的；C．interesting有趣的； D．urgent紧急的。根据下文的：Dad has aged.可知作者注意到不同的事情。 选A。
43．D 考查连词以及对语境的理解。A．for因为；B．or或者；C．so因此；D．yet然而。他微笑的时候眼睛周围有皱纹，然而他的微笑还是和以前一样暖心，所以选D。
44．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．convincing令人幸福的；B．heartwarming暖心的；C．cautious谨慎的； D．innocent天真的。根据上文的句子：He would ___ affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.可知爸爸看着女儿的微笑是温暖人心的，选B。
45．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．origin起源；B．life生活；C．reputation名声；D．education教育。这是希望家人过幸福生活的爸爸的微笑。选B。
【考点定位】人生百味类完形填空
【名师点睛】这篇文章难度适中，故事内容体现了父女之间，家人之间爱的传递。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。
5.【2015·天津】完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My fiance (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were 16 , and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.
One agent 17 a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was 18 our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look 19 .
We finally did and it was 20 at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and 21 of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of 22 it would be like to live there.
Days later, we made a(n) 23 —far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn’t 24 us. They renewed their offer 25 . It was also much more than we could afford, but far 26 than the original asking price.
The next day, we got a 27 message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the 28 directly. We made our final offer, which 29 was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer’s bid. We knew it, 30 we had to try.
“Sold!” said the owner. Then he 31 : He’d seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we’d 32 the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a 33 by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the 34 in the price “an early wedding present.”
That’s how we found our home and how I learned that when people are 35 they are not strangers, only friends we haven’t yet met.
16. A. needed B. limited C. enough D. large
17. A. recommended B. decorated C. sold D. rented
18. A. below B. within C. beyond D. between
19. A. at least B. at most C. at times D. at hand
20. A. relief B. concern C. love D. curiosity
21. A. pride B. happiness C. challenge D. desire
22. A. which B. why C. that D. what
23. A. effort B. offer C. promise D. profit
24. A. come across B. look after C. depend on D. laugh at
25. A. instead B. indeed C. aside D. apart
26. A. worse B. better C. less D. higher
27. A. relaxing B. disappointing C. pleasant D. regular
28. A. agents B. buyers C. managers D. owners
29. A. already B. still C. generally D. ever
30. A. so B. or C. for D. but
31. A. apologized B. complained C. criticized D. explained
32. A. check B. analyze C. appreciate D. ignore
33. A. loss B. risk C. chance D. lead
34. A. increase B. difference C. interest D. average
35. A. kind B. polite C. smart D. energetic
试题分析：文章大意：作者和未婚夫准备买房结婚，但是资金有限。一次作者对一个房子一见钟情，但价格仍然很高，但通过最后的努力，作者以很低的价格买到了此房。
16．B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．needed需要的；B．limited有限的；C．enough足够的；D．large大的。根据下一句中的and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.”可知答案选B。
17．A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．recommended推荐；B．decorated装修；C．sold卖； D．rented租。根据后句Although her description sounded wonderful可知一个代理人特别向我们推荐一栋房子。选A。
18．C 考查介词以及对语境的理解。A．below在……下面；B．within在……里面；C．beyond超过；D．between在……之间。根据后句so we declined.可知价格超过了我们的范围。故选C。
19．A 考查短语以及对语境的理解。A．at least至少；B．at most至多；C．at times有时；D．at hand在附近。但她不停的催促我们至少去看一看。选A。
23．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．effort努力；B．offer提供；C．promise许诺； D．profit利润。根据后句—far below the asking price 可知是make an offer出价。选B。
24．D 考查短语以及对语境的理解。A．come across偶然遇到；B．look after照顾；C．depend on依靠； D．laugh at嘲笑。令人惊讶的是，他们没有嘲笑我们。选D。
25．A 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A．instead相反B．indeed的确；C．aside在……旁；D．apart分开地。相反地，他们更新了他们的出价。选A。
26．C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．worse更糟的；B．better更好的；C．less更少的；D．higher更高的。但比原来的要价要少得多。选C。
27．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．relaxing轻松的；B．disappointing令人失望的；C．pleasant令人愉快的；D．regular有规律的。第二天，我们得到一个令人失望的消息。选B。
28． D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．agents代理人；B．buyers买方；C．managers经理；D．owners物主。因此，我们决定直接跟房东谈。选D。
29．B 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A．already已经；B．still任然；C．generally普遍地； D．ever曾经。我们做出最终的价格，任然比其他买家出价少很多。故选B。
30．D 考查连词以及对语境的理解。A．so如此；B．or或者；C．for为了； D．but但是。前后句为转折关系，故用连词but。选D。
31．D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．apologized道歉；B．complained抱怨；C．criticized指责；D．explained解释。后面为房主解释的内容。选D。
32．C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．check检查；B．analyze分析；C．appreciate感激；欣赏； D．ignore忽视。其原因是我们欣赏他们投入家庭多年的努力。 选C。
33．A 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．loss损失；B．risk冒险；C．chance机会；D．lead带领。根据上下文可知把房子卖给我们他将会有损失，所以选A。
34．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．increase增加；B．difference不同；C．interest兴趣； D．average平均。他告诉我们会考虑把价格的不同作为一份提早的结婚礼物。选B。
35．A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．kind热心的；B．polite有礼貌的；C．smart漂亮的；D．energetic精力充沛的。根据后句they are not strangers, only friends we haven’t yet met.可知人们是热心的。选A。
【考点定位】记叙类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。极个别题目，如22题考查的是语法结构，考生要从语法结构上分析此题。
6.【2015·重庆】A
When Alice was sixteen, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was 16 to see the changes coming over her. She skipped school, and refused to communicate. I tried being firm, but it didn‘t 17. I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.
One school day Alice returned home very late. With a quarrel in view. I was surprised to see Alice was 18.
“I hope I did the right thing, Mom,”“Alice said. I saw a cat, all bloody but alive. I 19 it to the vet’s(宠物医院), and was asked to make payment 20 . As I couldn’t reach anyone at the phone number on the cat’s tag(标牌), I had to pay the bill.”
In the following days, the owner still couldn’t be 21. Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew 22: what if the family had simply left the cat behind?
A week went by. A woman called to speak to Alice.
“She is at school,” I said.
“You have a 23 daughter,” she said, apparently in tears.
Her family had just returned from abroad, and got a (n) 24 from the vet. Their cat was recovering, thanks to Alice’s 25. “We can’t wait to hug Cuddles again,” she sobbed.
Upon her return home, Alice was filled with 26 at the news. So was I. I learned through another woman’s eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite her 27 teenage years. Her warm heart would surely guide her in the right direction.
16. A. pleasant B. painful C. unwise D. inspiring
17. A. remain B. match C. appear D. work
18. A. annoyed B. amused C. worried D. interested
19. A. carried B. followed C. returned D. guided
20. A. monthly B. honestly C. generously D. immediately
21. A. trusted B. contacted C. persuaded D. satisfied
22. A. active B. rude C. anxious D. proud
23. A. pretty B. grateful C. wonderful D. curious
24. A. apology B. invitation C. message D. reply
25. A. suggestion B. donation C. encouragement D. help
26. A. love B. anger C. regret D. joy
27. A. troubled B. long C. boring D. quiet
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述的是作者对于处于叛逆期的女儿很是头疼，通过女儿救助小猫的事看到虽然会有一些问题但女儿还是很好的。
16.B 考查形容词辨析Apleasant B painful C unwise D inspiring 根据第一句话提到wanted to ran away form home可知看到女儿即将到来的变化是十分痛苦的，故选B项。
17.D 考查动词辨析 A remain保持； B match匹配； C appear 出现；D work 工作；根据句意可知我一直很强硬但没有作用可知选D项。
18.C 考查形容词辨析。A annoyed 恼怒的；B amused娱乐的； C worried 担心的；D interested 有兴趣的；根据下文提到I hope I did the right thing Mom可知是脸上写满了担心，故选C项。
19.A 考查动词辨析。A carried携带； B followed 跟着；C returned返回； D guided指导； 根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知carry sb to some place带某人去某处，故选选A项。
20.D 考查副词辨析。A monthly 按月；B honestly诚实地； C generously慷慨地； D immediately 立即；根据句意我把它送到宠物医院，立刻被要求缴费可知选D项。
21.B 考查动词辨析。A trusted信任； B contacted联系； C persuaded 说服D satisfied 满意；句意：接下来的几天，主人仍然没有联系上。Be contracted 被联系上，故选B项。
22.C 考查形容词辨析。A active 积极的话 B rude粗鲁的； C anxious焦虑的； D proud骄傲的；根据Alice paid the vet to continue treatment 继续支付治疗费用可知我变得焦虑起来，故选C项。
23.C 考查形容词辨析。A pretty漂亮的话； B grateful感激的； C wonderful 好的；D curious 好奇的；根据女儿所做的这些善良的举动可知你有个好女儿，故选C项。
24.C 考查名词辨析。A apology道歉； B invitation 邀请赛 C message 信息；D reply回应； 句意：他的家人刚从国外回来，得到宠物医院给的消息，可知选C项。
【考点定位】人生百味类短文
【名师点睛】本文主要是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，即从语篇的角度综合测试阅读理解能力，词汇的掌握，以及讲法规则的运用。做题时，时刻从上下文考虑，不不应该只看到所添的词在短语或句子内是否可行。因此，在做题时最好将全文通读一下，了解了全文的意思以后再作答，不要急于一次做出全部的选项。
7.【2015·福建】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly ( 刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.
Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding, 49 when we're honest, we can be sharply 50 of the world. I'm not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 53 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 54 .
Train yourself to "bite your tongue" , and with a little 55, you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
36.
A.
lonely
B.
great
C.
quiet
D.
uneasy
37.
A.
received
B.
answered
C.
expected
D.
rejected
38.
A.
threatened
B.
interrupted
C.
bothered
I).
spoiled
39.
A.
anything
B.
everything
C.
something
D.
nothing
40.
A.
caring
B.
boring
C.
interesting
D.
surprising
41.
A.
attitude
B.
plan
C.
measure
D.
explanation
42.
A.
urgent
B.
unnecessary
C.
certain
D.
impossible
43.
A.
occasion
B.
event
C.
accident
D.
adventure
44.
A.
memory
B.
notice
C.
evidence
D.
choice
45.
A.
hear
B.
contribute
C.
express
D.
admit
46.
A.
aware of
B.
afraid of
C.
curious about
D.
confused about
47.
A.
discuss
B.
realize
C.
judge
D.
settle
48.
A.
family
B.
life
C.
career
D.
education
49.
A.
so
B.
or
C.
but
D.
for
50.
A.
proud
B.
sure
C.
hopeful
D.
critical
51.
A.
face
B.
create
C.
solve
D.
ignore
52.
A.
rarer
B.
better
C.
stranger
D.
worse
53.
A.
at least
B.
at last
C.
by far
D.
so far
54.
A.
task
B.
deal
C.
result
D.
duty
55.
A.
practice
B.
speech
C.
rest
D
pity
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，通过毒舌的女孩Kerry的经历让我们意识到学着放手，才能让自己的世界变得美好。
36．B考查形容词辨析A.lonely孤独的；B.great伟大的；C.quiet安静的；D.uneasy不舒服的。直接上最简单的事情就是成为一个挑错者，然而，人生可以变得很伟大当你不忙忙于找错误。故选B
37．A考查动词辨析A.received接受；B.answered回答；C.expected期望；D.rejected排斥。几年以前，我收到一个来自17岁女孩kerry的信。故选A
38．C考查动词辨析A.threatened威胁；B.interrupted打扰；C.bothered麻烦；D.spoiled娇惯。这个叫做Kerry的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。故选C
39．D考查不定代词辨析A.anything任何事；B.everything每一件事；C.something某事；D.nothing没有事。人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的，故选D
40．B考查形容词辨析A.caring关心的；B.boring糟糕的；C.interesting有趣的；D.surprising令人惊奇的。 她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常糟糕的人。故选B
41．A考查名词辨析A.attitude态度；B.plan计划；C.measure措施；D.explanation解释。不幸的，一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度。故选A
42．D考查形容词辨析A.urgent 经济的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.certain确定的；D.impossible不可能的。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天Kerry拜访了她的朋友…故选D
43．C考查名词辨析A.occasion场合；B.event事项；C.accident事故；D.adventure冒险。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光…故选C
44．D考查名词辨析A.memory记忆；B.notice注意；C.evidence证据；D.choice选择。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的…故选D
45．C考查动词辨析A.hear听；B.contribute贡献；C.express表达；D.admit承认、许可。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的。故选C
46．A考查短语辨析A.aware of注意； B.afraid of担心；C.curious about对…好奇；D.confused about对…迷惑。直到他的朋友受了重伤，Kerry才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。故选A
47．C考查动词辨析A.discuss讨论；B.realize意识到；C.judge评价；D.settle解决。非常快的，她学会了珍惜生命而不是对每件事都很刻薄。
48．B考查名词辨析A.family家庭；B.life生命；C.career事业；D.education教育。她能够将她的新智慧用在她生活的其他方面。故选B
49．C考查介词辨析A.so于是；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.for对于。可能我们中的大多数人都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判世界。故选C
50．D考查形容词辨析A.proud骄傲的；B.sure确定的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.critical批判的。可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。故选D
54．B考查名词辨析A.task任务；B.deal处理、交易；C.result计划；D.duty责任。尤其是当这不是一个特别大的事情。故选B
55．A考查名词辨析A.practice实践；B.speech演讲；C.rest休息；D.pity遗憾。训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅长放手。故选A
【考点定位】记叙文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文考查说记叙文阅读，要求学生有细节阅读的能力，熟悉掌握各类大纲中要求的词语和短语，并且能够结合已经有的单词以及上下文中给出的暗示判断和猜测空中应缺少词语的意思并且进行选择。同时在解题的时候也要保持着细心和镇定，不要因为空多就头晕眼花。
8.【2015·新课标全国I】完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ __41___ my job. Family to Feed.”
At this store, a __42___ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a __43____ on how bad it must be to have to stand ___44____ in the cold wind.
In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our “friend” there would ___46___. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a ___47____. I thought about it. We were ___48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49___ from our need instead of our abundance is ___50__ what we need to do! All the kids __51____ something they could do away with for the week.
When we handed him the bag of __52__, he lit up and thanked us with ___53__ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54____his family might need, he burst into tears.
This has been a wonderful ___55__ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can __56___! Things would have played out so __57____ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have ___58___ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in __59___, it also gave my kids the __60____ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.
41. A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished
42. A condition B. place C. sight D. show
43. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call
44. A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily
45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick
46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover
47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card
48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose
49. A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging
50. A. yet B. even C. still D. just
51. A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected
52. A . toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes
53. A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp
54. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
55. A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure
56. A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help
57. A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly
58. A. time B. power C. patience D. money
59. A. fear B. love C. need D. memory
60. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple
【答案】
41. A42. C43. B44. A45. D46. C47. D48. B49. A50. D51. A52. C53. B54. B55. A56. D57. C58. D59. C60. B
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。在超市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个需要帮助的人。从此以后，作者和孩子帮助更多需要帮助的人。
41．A考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. Lost失去；B. Changed 改变；C. Quit放弃； D. Finished完成。短语搭配lose one’s job失业。在路上，我们注意到一个男人握着一张纸，纸上写到：“失业，需要养家。” 答案选A。
42．C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A condition状况；B. place地方；C. sight情景； D. show展示。在这家商店，像这样的场景并不寻常。选C。
43．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. suggestion建议；B. comment评论；C. decision决定；D. call电话。make a comment on对……发表看法。我10岁的孩子注意到他，并评论说他的情况一定很糟糕。故选B。
44．A 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. outside在外；B. proudly自豪地；C. by通过；D. angrily生气地。根据常识可知是站在外面，故用outside。选A。
45．D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. draw拉；B. say说；C. arrange安排；D. pick选择。在商店里，我要求每一个孩子挑选一些他们认为我们“朋友”可能会需要的东西。故选D。
46．C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. order命令；B. supply提供；C. appreciate感激；D. discover发现。孩子们挑选出这个“朋友”可能会喜欢并感激的礼物。故选C。
47．D 考查动名词以及对语境的理解。A. dollar美元；B. job工作；C. hot meal热餐；D. gift card礼物卡。根据下文提示可知，我17岁的孩子建议给他一张礼物卡。选D。
48．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. easy容易的；B. low低的；C. soft柔软的；D. loose松的。根据下句的意思可知“我们身上所带现金不多”，low意思“少，低”。选B。
49．A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. giving给予；B. saving节省；C. spending 花费；D. begging恳求。有的时候，给予是我们需要做些什么，而不是在于我们给予多少。选A。
50．D 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. yet然而；B. even甚至；C. still任然；D. just刚刚。仅仅是我们需要做些什么。选D。
51．A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. declared宣告；B. shared分享；C. ignored忽视；D. expected期望。这里指所有的孩子声明他们能够放弃自己所想要的东西。选A。
52．C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A . toys玩具；B. medicine药；C. food 食物；D. clothes衣服。根据上文的apples, sandwich and a bottle of juice可知是食物。选C。
53． B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. sleepy瞌睡的；B. watery潮湿的；C. curious好奇的；D. sharp锋利的。带着潮湿的双眼感谢我们。选B。
54．B 考查代词以及对语境的理解。A. whoever无论谁；B. whatever无论什么C. whichever无论哪一个；D. whenever无论什么时候。动词need缺少宾语，故用whatever。他可以使用这张礼品卡，无论他的家人需要什么。故选B。
55．A 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. experience经历；B. example例子；C. message信息；D. adventure冒险。这对我们家庭是一次极好的经历。选A。
56．D 考查动词及短语以及对语境的理解。A. rely on依靠；B. respect尊敬；C. learn from从……学到；D. help帮助。多少天来，孩子们一直在寻找我们能够帮助的其他人。选D。
57．C 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. suddenly突然；B. vividly生动地；C. differently 不同地；D. perfectly完美地。事情变得得如此的不同。 选C。
【考点定位】记叙类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。考查侧重对文章的理解，少量考查语法结构，如54题。有难度的有48题、51题和60题，需要联系上下文进一步理解，才能做出正确的判断。考生做题时需要理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。最后再将所选好的答案带到原文当中，将整个文章再读一遍，才能保证答案的准确性。
2014年高考试题
【2014·重庆卷】请阅读下面两篇短文，掌握大意，然后从16~35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
A
Five months after my husband Steve died, I woke up one morning to the maddening sound of a leaking faucet（水龙头）. I knew it needed repairs badly, but it 16_______ me so much just to think of it.
All our 17_______ life, I was the “artist” bringing to our house much imagination. Steve was the 18 ”_______” one. He had a real gift for handling chores（家务活），19_______ me from unpleasant repair jobs.
But how could such a good man have his life cut short so suddenly! I had been so sad and angry that I completely 20_______ the house. That leaky faucet somehow awakened me to the fact that I now had to 21_______ the challenge of getting things fixed.
I got a workman named Ahmed. Entering the house, he stopped before a picture of Steve and me. “Doesn’t your husband 22_______ this kind of work?” he asked. “It’s not hard.”
“He died months ago. When he was alive, he did all the repair jobs 23_______.” I said quietly. Ahmed looked at me 24_______, but he didn’t reply. He fixed the faucet, adjusted the dishwasher door, and replaced a showerhead. Apparently he was gifted as Steve had been.
He did a(n) 25_______ job. I asked him to name his fee. “No charge, Ma’am,” he said. “My father died early, and the neighbors helped my family through.”
By fixing a faucet, Ahmed mended my soul. Although I would sure carry the pain of 26_______ with me along, Ahmed reminded me of the abundant 27_______ in the world.
【小题1】. A. hurt B. puzzled C. cost D. disappointed
【小题2】. A. separate B. shared C. spiritual D. social
【小题3】. A. active B. boring C. careless D. practical
【小题4】. A. attracting B. sheltering C. driving D. prohibiting
【小题5】. A. ignored B. hated C. cleaned D. missed
【小题6】. A. come up with B. face up with C. look forward to D. step away from
【小题7】. A. begin B. check C. like D. find
【小题8】. A. gratefully B. firmly C. bravely D. wonderfully
【小题9】. A. strangely B. innocently C. painfully D. sympathetically
【小题10】. A. terrible B. excellent C. important D. dangerous
【小题11】. A. loss B. failure C. fear D. regret
【小题12】. A. friendship B. devotion C. kindness D. justice
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】A
【小题6】B
【小题7】C
【小题8】D
【小题9】D
【小题10】B
【小题11】A
【小题12】C
【解析】
试题分析：因丈夫去世仍然沉浸在悲痛之中的作者听到水龙头滴漏的声音几乎发疯。丈夫生前包揽了所有家务，现在不得不自己面对。前来修理水龙头的师傅得知作者丈夫去世，不仅免费帮助她修理了水龙头，还做了其他一些室内维修。这是因为修理师傅曾经受惠于人。作者感到了人间温暖。
【小题1】. 考查动词词义及语境运用。从水龙头滴漏需要修理，作者想起了去世的丈夫，这使她感到伤痛。 A. hurt 使伤痛；B. puzzled使困惑；C. cost使付出（代价）；D. disappointed使失望。故A项正确。
【小题2】. 考查形容词词义及语境运用。 在两人共同生活期间，作者是一位“艺术家”，将各种想象带入家居之中，丈夫则是一位实际操作者， 将作者的各种想法付诸实施。A. separate 单独的；B. shared 共有的；C. spiritual 精神上的；D. social 社交的。B项正确。
【小题3】. 考查形容词词义及语境运用。妻子负责出主意，丈夫负责实际的操作。A. active 积极的；B. boring 单调的；C. careless 粗心的；D. practical 实际的。故选择D项。
【小题4】. 考查动词词义及语境运用。丈夫擅长家务，使妻子免于令人不快的各种居家修理工作。 A. attracting吸引；B. sheltering（提供）保护；shelter sb. from sth. 保护某人免受侵扰。C. driving 驱使；D. prohibiting禁止。B项正确。
【小题5】. 考查动词词义及语境运用。作者因丈夫的早逝而悲伤与愤怒，以至于对居住的房子完全不管。A. ignored 忽视、置之不理；B. hated憎恨；C. cleaned打扫、清扫；D. missed想念、怀念。下文的滴水龙头使她从悲痛中“醒来”面对现实，说明她忽略了实际生活。A项正确。
【小题6】.短语动词词义辨识及语境运用。水龙头的滴漏使她清醒过来，面对现实生活中的困难。 A. come up with找到、想到；B. face up with面对；C. look forward to期盼；D. step away from远离、躲避。B项正确。
【小题7】. 考查动词词义及语境运用。看到水头滴漏这样的小事还要找修理工来做，前来修理的师傅感到不解：难道是作者的丈夫不喜欢此类杂务？A. begin 开始；B. check 检查、查验；C. like 喜欢；D. find发现、找到。C项正确。
【小题8】. 考查副词词义及语境运用。作者告诉修理工，她丈夫在世的时候，居家维修是很棒的。 A. gratefully 充满感激地；B. firmly 坚定地；C. bravely 勇敢地；D. wonderfully出色地。D项正确。
【小题9】. 考查副词词义及语境运用。听到作者说到自己丈夫去世，修理工表示同情。A. strangely怪异地；B. innocently 天真地；C. painfully痛苦地；D. sympathetically同情地。D项正确。
考点：完形填空。
【2014·山东卷】完型填空（共两篇；第一篇短文10小题，每小题1分；第二篇短文20小题，每小题1.5分；满分40分）
A
There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a 11 walked in and the parrot said to the man ,“Hey you!” The man said, “What!?” The parrot said, “Your 12 is really ugly.” The man got very 13 and went to the store owner and said, “Your bird just 14 my wife. It said she was ugly.”
The owner stormed over, 15 the bird, took it into the “black room,”shook it a bit, 16 out a few feathers, and said,“Don’t ever, ever say anything to 17 my customers again. You got that！！！”
With that 18 he took the bird and put it back into its cage. The old bird shook out its 19 and relaxed in its cage. A couple of weeks 20 and in walked this guy and his wife again. The parrot said, “Hey you!” The guy said, “What!?” The parrot answered, “You know that.”
【小题1】11. A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd
【小题2】12. A. wife B. sister C. mother D. daughter
【小题3】13. A. curious B. nervous C. guilty D. angry
【小题4】14. A. greeted B. puzzled C. offended D. scared
【小题5】15. A. hugged B. seized C. trained D. rescued
【小题6】16. A. sent B. handed C. pulled D. dug
【小题7】17. A. touch B. amuse C. cheat D. embarrass
【小题8】18. A. warning B. comment C. suggestion D. request
【小题9】19. A. eyes B. feathers C. fur D. skin
【小题10】20. A. lasted B. arrived C. appeared D. passed
【解析】
试题分析：文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了宠物店的一只鹦鹉在店里来了一对夫妻顾客时冒犯了妻子，说她很难看。丈夫很生气，告诉了店老板，老板惩罚了鹦鹉警告他记住不能再说让顾客尴尬的话。结果几周后，夫妻俩又来到店里，鹦鹉对丈夫说，“你知道的（我想说什么）。”
【小题1】C 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据下文14个空后面提到“my wife”，所以此处指，来店里的是一对夫妻。句意为：一天，一对夫妻走进店里，鹦鹉跟丈夫打招呼。 A项意为“群，团体”；B项意为“队，小组”；C项意为“夫妻”；D项意为“人群”。所以答案选C。
【小题2】A 考查名词词义辨析及上下文。根据下文14个空后面提到“my wife”以及“she was ugly”，可知答案。句意为：鹦鹉说，“你妻子真地很丑。” A项意为“妻子”；B项意为“姐妹”；C项意为“母亲”；D项意为“女儿”。所以答案选A。
【小题3】D 考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境，鹦鹉说自己的妻子很丑，所以丈夫肯定很生气。句意为：那个人很生气就去找店老板。A项意为“好奇的”；B项意为“紧张的”；C项意为“内疚的”；D项意为“生气的”。所以答案选D。
【小题4】C 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。丈夫向店老板告状，自然说鹦鹉的不是。句意为：你的鸟刚才冒犯了我的妻子，说她很丑。A项意为“问候”；B项意为“使迷惑”；C项意为“冒犯”；D项意为“使害怕”。所以答案选C。
【小题5】B 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。店老板听到顾客告状，所以要惩罚鹦鹉。句意为：老板快速走过去，抓住鹦鹉把它关进“黑屋子”。A项意为“拥抱”；B项意为“抓住”；C项意为“训练”；D项意为“营救”。所以答案选B。
【小题6】C 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。店老板抓住鹦鹉，一生气就会抓掉它的几根羽毛。句意为：店老板使劲晃鹦鹉，抓掉了它的几根羽毛。四个选项都可以和out连用。A项意为“派送”；B项意为“分发”；C项意为“拔掉，抽出”；D项意为“挖出”。所以答案选C。
【小题7】D 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境可知，老板要训斥鹦鹉几句话，所以警告的话是跟鹦鹉刚才冒犯顾客的行为有关系，说人丑当然会让人感到尴尬。句意为：以后绝对不能再说使顾客尴尬的话，记住了吗？。A项意为“触摸，感到”；B项意为“使发笑”；C项意为“欺骗”；D项意为“使尴尬”。所以答案选D。
【小题8】A 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据上文作老板对鹦鹉的惩罚及训斥，所以此处指一边警告着鹦鹉一边把它放回笼子。A项意为“警告”；B项意为“评价，评论”；C项意为“建议”；D项意为“要求”。所以答案选A。
【小题9】B 考查名词词义辨析及上下文。根据上文16个空后面提到feathers，可知答案。句意为：这只老鸟抖抖羽毛，在笼子里不支声歇息起来。A项意为“眼睛”；B项意为“羽毛”；C项意为“皮毛”；D项意为“皮肤”。所以答案选B。
【小题10】D考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境及下文可知，那对夫妻又来到店里是在几个星期之后。句意为：过了几个星期，夫妻两个又来到店里。A项意为“持续”；B项意为“到达”；C项意为“出现，似乎”；D项意为“经过，流逝”。所以答案选D。
考点：考查记叙文
B
【2014·山东卷】 Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While 21 her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) 22 in medicine. At 18 she married and 23 a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 24 . Her husband supported her decision.
25 , Canadian medical schools did not 26 women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 27 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to 28 her medical degree.
Upon graduation, Charlotte 29 to Montreal and set up a private 30 . Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 31 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte 32 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 33 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 34 a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 35 . The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 36 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 37 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to 38 a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 39 to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her 40 , a medical license was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”
【小题1】21. A. raising B. teaching C. nursing D. missing
【小题2】22. A. habit B. interest C. opinion D. voice
【小题3】23. A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started
【小题4】24. A. doctor B. musician C. lawyer D. physicist
【小题5】25. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. Otherwise D. Eventually
【小题6】26. A. hire B. entertain C. trust D. accept
【小题7】27. A. history B. physics C. medicine D. law
【小题8】28. A. improve B. save C. design D. earn
【小题9】29. A. returned B. escaped C. spread D. wandered
【小题10】30. A. school B. museum C. clinic D. lab
【小题11】31. A. busy B. wealthy C. greedy D. lucky
【小题12】32. A. helped B. found C. troubled D. imagined
【小题13】33. A. harmful B. tired C. broken D. weak
【小题14】34. A. put away B. taken over C. turned in D. applied for
【小题15】35. A. punished B. refused C. blamed D. fired
【小题16】36. A. display B. change C. preview D. complete
【小题17】37. A. leave B. charge C. test D. cure
【小题18】38. A. sell B. donate C. issue D. show
【小题19】39. A. continued B. promised C. pretended D. dreamed
【小题20】40. A. birth B. death C. wedding D. graduation
【解析】
试题分析：文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是立志成为医生的Charlotte虽然经历了很多困难，但她仍然坚持自己的理想并为之努力奋斗的故事。
【小题1】C 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由后面的“her ill elder sister”可知，Charlotte多年护理自己体弱多病的姐姐。A项意为“提高，养育”；B项意为“教导”；C项意为“护理”；D项意为“思念；错过”。根据句意，答案选C。
【小题5】B 副词词义辨析及语境理解。由“Canadian medical school did not…”可知，加拿大的医学校不招收女学生，所以此处用unfortunately。A项意为“此外”；B项意为“不幸地是”；C项意为“否则”；D项意为“最后，终于”。所以答案选B。
【小题6】D 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由下文的“…Charlotte went to the United States to…”可知，加拿大的学校不收女学生。A项意为“雇佣”；B项意为“娱乐”；C项意为“信任”；D项意为“接受”。所以答案选D。
【小题7】C 名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据前文可知，Charlotte是学医学，故答案选C。A项意为“历史”；B项意为“物理”；C项意为“医学”；D项意为“法律”。所以答案选C。
【小题8】D 动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为:她花了五年时间获得了医学学位。A项意为“提高”；B项意为“救，节省”；C项意为“设计”；D项意为“赚得，获得”。根据句意，答案选D。
【小题9】A 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由前文可知，Charlotte是离开加拿大去美国学习医学，五年之后应该是回到加拿大，故答案选returned意为“返回”。A项意为“返回”；B项意为“逃跑”；C项意为“传播，蔓延”；D项意为“徘徊，流浪”。所以答案选A。
【小题10】C名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为：毕业后，Charlotte回到蒙特利尔开办了一个私人诊所。A项意为“学校”；B项意为“博物馆”；C项意为“诊所”；D项意为“实验室”。根据文章可知，Charlotte学习医学想成为一名医生，所以此处应是开办诊所。
【小题11】A 形容词辨析及语境理解。由下文的“Many of her patients…Charlotte …in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. ”可知，Charlotte要做的工作很多，是一个忙碌的医生。A项意为“繁忙的，忙碌的”；B项意为“富有的”；C项意为“贪婪的”；D项意为“幸运的”。所以答案选A。
【小题12】B 动词词义辨析及语境理解。此处是find oneself doing的用法，意为“发现自己不知不觉在做某事”。根据语境可知，Charlotte发现自己在不知不觉中给受伤的四肢做手术，接好断了的骨骼，还有给这个地区所有的婴儿接生。A项意为“帮忙”；B项意为“发现”；C项意为“惹麻烦”；D项意为“想象”。所以答案选B。
【小题13】C 形容词词义辨析及语境理解。由前文的“…operating on damaged limbs ”可知，此处应是broken意为“破碎的，坏掉的”。A项意为“有害的”；B项意为“疲惫的”；C项意为“坏掉的”；D项意为“虚弱的”。所以答案选C。
【小题14】D 动词短语辨析及语境理解。由前一句可知，Charlotte没有执照，所以她要申请一个医生执照。A项意为“放好，抛弃”；B项意为“接管，接收”；C项意为“上交”；D项意为“申请”。D项符合句意。
【小题15】B 动词词义辨析及语境理解。由下文的“…but they ,too, refused.”可知，Charlotte被拒绝了。A项意为“惩罚”；B项意为“拒绝”；C项意为“责备”；D项意为“解雇，起火”。所以答案选B。
【小题16】D 动词辨析及语境理解。根据句意可知，the Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业。A项意为“展示，展览”；B项意为“改变”；C项意为“预习”；D项意为“完成”。所以答案选D。
【小题17】A 动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据上下文可知，the Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons希望Charlotte在加拿大完成学业，但是Charlotte不愿离开她的的患者把时间花在自己已经知道的东西上面。A项意为“离开”；B项意为“掌管，充电，要价，控告”；C项意为“测试，检测”；D项意为“治愈”。所以答案选A。
【小题18】C 动词词义辨析及语境理解。根据前文可知，Charlotte不愿离开她的的患者去完成学业，所以她要求the Manitoba Legislature 给她发一个证书。A项意为“卖”；B项意为“捐献”；C项意为“颁发，发给”；D项意为“展示”。四个选项中只有issue符合句意，故答案选C。
【小题19】A动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意为：Charlotte没有医生执照，但她一直工作到1912年。根据后面的until 1912可知，她一直在继续自己的工作。A项意为“继续”；B项意为“许诺，承诺”；C项意为“假装”；D项意为“梦想”。所以答案选A。
【小题20】B 名词词义辨析及语境理解。有文章倒数第二段最后一句可知，Charlotte死于1916年，所以1993年是她去世77年后，所以此处用death。A项意为“出生”；B项意为“死亡，去世”；C项意为“婚礼”；D项意为“毕业”。所以答案选B。
考点：考查记叙文
【2014·北京卷】阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。
The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan
The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this 38 girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.
But how could I help her 39 in with us? There had to be a 40 .
One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) 42 copy.
I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “why, it’s wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough 46 . Could you help me, Suzy?”
On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s 47 were everywhere ---- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.
“And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students 49 them.”
I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw 50 well?”
Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ 51 this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a 52 ,too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student ---- Suzy Khan!”
Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.
I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never ___54 ___ anything in her whole life.
Everyone started to 55 their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.
36. A. joked B. cared C. trains D. worried
37. A. reported B. decided C. complained D. questioned
38. A. rich B. proud C. tiny D. popular
39. A. come B fall C. fit D. tie
40. A. manner B. pattern C. choice D. way
41. A. read B. taken C. opened D. put
42. A. free B. perfect C. final D. extra
43. A.are B.talk C.quiz D. talent
44. A. colored B. written C. carved D. drawn
45. A. at B. after C. for D. around
46. A. room B. time C. paper D. interest
47. A. gifts B. books C. photos D. posters
48. A. special B. academic C. national D. royal
49. A. painted B. found C. printed D. collected
50. A. very B. that C. quite D. too
51. A. If B. Though C. Unless D. Since
52. A. prize B. rank C. rest D. place
53. A. replied B. realized C.remembered D. regretted
54. A. offered B. valued C. owned D. controlled
55. A. clap B. wave C. raise D. shake
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲了一个非洲来的儿童Suzy被美国家庭收养，为让孩子了解美国生活，他们把孩子送进学校和美国孩子一起学习。但那些美国孩子却经常嘲笑她。一次偶然的机会，“我”发现了她的绘画才能，并把她介绍给艺术老师。艺术老师也认同她的绘画才能，让她帮自己制作才艺秀的海报。在才艺秀结束的时候，校长颁发给Suzy一个特殊的奖项，同学们也认可和接纳了她。
【小题3】C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文叙述，这个女孩比同龄12岁的孩子都要瘦小，所以“我低头看着这个小小的女孩子，下决心无论如何都要帮助她”。rich富有的，proud骄傲的，popular流行的，受欢迎的。显然都不符合语境。tiny =very small。
【小题4】C 考查动词词义辨析和上下文语境。我打算帮助这个女孩与大家融洽相处。文章标题已给出提示。fit in with适合，与…一致。
【小题5】D 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文决定帮助小女孩与大家一致，必须寻找一个办法/方法。manner做事或行为方式, 多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法，pattern指模式、花样、图案等，choice指选择，way指方式、方法、手段等，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式。因为这里没有谈到什么方法，所以只能用笼统的方法way。
【小题6】C 考查动词词义辨析和语境。Suzy把书打开到火车图片那里。open…to把…翻到，to是介词，表达“到…地方”。其他均不合适。
【小题7】B 考查形容词词义辨析和上下文语境。她对火车图的复制，效果怎样要看文中第44题后的陈述，“why, it’s wonderful”可知，非常好，与此题选项中的perfect相近。
【小题8】D 考查名词词义辨析和上下文语境。根据后文第45题后的陈述“the talent show”我们知道这是一个才艺秀。
【小题9】D 考查动词词义辨析和语境。根据上文陈述，Suzy在画火车，所以这里应该是“我”把她画的东西展示给艺术老师看。color意思为涂色和染色, write书写，carve雕刻，draw画。
【小题10】C 考查介词。根据文章内容，这里是老师拿出一张“为才艺秀”做的海报。for意为“为…”。
【小题11】B 考查名词词义辨析和语境。由该空前面“more”和空后的”help”两个词可知，老师还需要更多的海报，但老师“没有足够的时间”，所以才请Suzy帮忙制作。
【小题12】D 考查名词词义辨析和上下文语境。上文已谈到，艺术老师想让Suzy帮忙制作一些海报，所以，才艺秀当天应该到处都能看到Suzy制作的海报。
【小题13】A 考查形容词词义辨析。才艺秀当天大家都表演了，还要颁发一个特殊的奖项给制作海报的人，因为制作海报原本不是才艺秀的内容。
【小题14】A 考查动词词义辨析和上下文。文中这句话的意思说“我们一个学生画了这些海报”，除了draw以外，我们还可以使用paint一词，表示绘画。
【小题15】B 考查副词词义。修饰形容词或副词，表示那么，那样，我们一般用so，也可以用that，二者意思相近。that well=so well。
【小题16】D 考查状语从句的连接词和上下文语境。“因为这位同学如此努力地画了这些海报”，所以值得奖励。since=now that/because。
【小题17】A 考查名词词义辨析和语境。因为努力画了这些海报，这位同学值得奖励。prize奖励， rank等级，秩序，rest休息，place地点，位置。
【小题18】B 考查动词词义辨析。该空描写作者的思想活动，是意识到她从来没有拥有过什么，这些成就和别人的承认第一次让她意识到自己的能力和重要。Reply回答，realize意识到，remember回忆，regret后悔，遗憾。
【小题19】C 考查动词词义辨析。因为是外来的移民，没有融入大家的生活中，这次活动让大家看到了她拥有的东西。
【小题20】A 考查动词词义辨析。因为她画得好，得到校长表扬，才能得到大家认可，所以大家为她鼓掌。clap one’s hands鼓掌。
考点：考查故事类完形填空
【2014·江西卷】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项中（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Mum, can I invite my classmate Brett over to stay tomorrow night, please? It’s Friday, and we don’t have any _36__.Can I, please?” Mum was sitting at the kitchen table. Dad was _37__next to her, resting his head on his arms. Mum could _38__that James wanted so badly to have his friend over.
“I’m so sorry, James,” she said.
“I’m never allowed to have friends come to the house? Why, Mum?” James asked sadly, almost in _39__.
“I know it’s _40__ for you,” Mum said softly. “But I’m just worried other people might think we’re a little… strange. And then they would make fun of you.”
“No, they wouldn’t, Mum,” James protested. “We’re not _41__ at all. We’re just ordinary people.”
Mum sighed heavily. “To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy _42__. And your poor father –he doesn’t feel _43__. He really needs a rest.”
“I can help, Mum!” James said. “_44__ I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please?”
“Well…”Mum began.
“Great! Thanks Mum!” James almost shouted. “Just sit there, don’t move.” He rushed over to the kitchen drawer and _45__ what he needed –two spanners. “Hang on, Mum,” he said. “This won’t take a second.” After some _46__, James was finished. With a smile of _47__ on his face he said, “There! How does that feel?” “Oh, James,” Mum said. “That’s a much better! How did you do it?”
“Easy,” James said _48__.” Dad had tightened your neck bolts (螺栓) too much! I just_49__ them slightly! I learned that in robotic science at school.”
“What about you father? Can you _50__ him?” asked Mum.
“I’ll try,” James replied. He __51_ up Dad’s hair at the back of his neck. and plugged the electric wire into Dad’s head. Then he turned the _52__on. Dad opened his eyes and _53__ immediately. “He just let his _54__run too low, that’s all,” James said, “Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?”
“I guess so,” replied Mum. “Your friends will just have to _55__ that we are a very unusual family. Thanks, son!”
36. A. chance B.message C. homework D.difficulty
37. A. asleep B.reading C. alone D.standing
38. A. explain B.see C. agree D. doubt
39. A. terror B. tears C. surprise D. silence
40. A. fair B. easy C. good D. hard
41. A. strange B. normal C. popular D. anxious
42. A. headache B. loss C. task D. day
43. A. ill B. funny C. sorry D. well
44. A. As B. If C. Since D. Before
45. A. kept B. controlled C. found D. returned
46. A. requests B. thoughts C. repairs D. instructions
47. A. sympathy B. satisfaction C bitterness D. politeness
48. A. embarrassedly B. gratefully C. impatiently D. proudly
49. A. adjusted B. collected C. produced D. covered
50. A. greet B. accompany C. help D. ask
51. A. lifted B. caught C. gave D. filled
52. A. television B. power C. light D. gas
53. A. grew up B. lay down C. broke down D. sat up
54. A. food B. temperature C. battery D. blood
55. A. prove B. expect C. suspect D. accept
【文章大意】本文是一篇科幻短篇小说。James今天没作业，他想邀请同学到家里玩，去征求母亲的同意。母亲拒绝，因为母亲的头痛以及父亲的残疾，令母亲觉得James的同学会认为家里挺怪异的，由此James会遭受嘲笑。但聪明的James灵活运用了课堂上学到的机器人科学知识，使父母亲两人都改变了不舒服的境况。因此获得了邀请同学到家玩的许可。
【小题3】B 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。从James的请求及其语气，母亲显然看出他急切想让同学到家玩。see 看出，明白；explain 解释；agree 同意；doubt 怀疑。
【小题4】 B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。 当遭到母亲的不允许后，他伤心地问（James asked sadly）为什么，很可能几乎含着眼泪。 terror 恐惧； tears 眼泪； surprise 惊奇； silence 沉默。
【小题5】D 考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。fair 公平；easy 容易； good 良好； hard 艰难。James从来没邀请过同学来家玩。而现在遭到母亲的不许可，对于他来说，星期五没有同学来是很伤心，很难熬的一天。应当说是不公平的一件事，所以A选项错误。
【小题6】A考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。上文介绍过母亲不同意James的要求是因为担心他同学会认为家里异常而嘲笑他（But I’m just worried other people might think we’re a little… strange.）。这里James反驳说，他认为家里很寻常（We’re just ordinary people。），一点不古怪。 Strange 奇怪；normal 正常；popular 流行；anxious 焦急。
【小题7】A考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。母亲的感受，脖子疼导致头痛得很厉害。Headache 头痛；； loss失去，损失；task任务；day天，日子
【小题8】D考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。可怜的父亲需要休息（He really needs a rest.），很可能身体感觉不舒服。ill 生病的；funny滑稽的；C. sorry难过的；well健康的（形容词）。A选项与D选项意思正好相反。
【小题9】B考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。James 问话的意思是，要是他能使父母亲舒服点，他的请求是否可以满足。该句逗号前后存在逻辑上的条件关系（“_44__ I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please。）As随着； If 如果；Since自从；Before在…之前。
【小题10】C 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。James跑向厨房，拉开抽屉，找到他所需要的东西。 kept保持；controlled控制；found找到；returned 归还。感觉下文可知他用找到的扳手来修理父母亲身上的故障。
【小题11】C考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。James 找到扳子后，做些修缮和调整，让母亲更舒服点。requests请求；thoughts想法；repairs维修；Instructions 指示，说明，James不仅说了，而且做了，所以此词不符合文意。
【小题12】B 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。不花几秒钟，James就调整好母亲脖子上的绷带，因此露出了满意的微笑。 sympathy同情心；satisfaction满意； bitterness难过，苦涩； politeness 礼貌。
【小题13】D考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。母亲感觉好多了，并问他是如何做到的。James显然是自豪地回答，那简单！句中的形容词easy说明他很自豪。embarrassedly尴尬地；gratefully感激地；impatiently不耐烦地；proudly 自豪地；
【小题14】A 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。James找到了母亲不舒服的原因是父亲把螺栓扭得太紧（Dad had tightened your neck bolts (螺栓) too much!），他只不过调松些。adjusted调整；collected收集，整理；produced生成；covered 覆盖，采访。
【小题15】C考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。由上文可知爸爸的身体也不好，所以妈妈请求James也帮爸爸。greet问候；accompany陪伴；help帮助；ask 请求。
【小题16】A考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。把父亲脖子后的头发拢起，要插入了一根电线。lifted提高，举起；caught抓住；gave给予；filled 充满。
【小题17】B 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。television电视； power权力，电；light光线，灯；gas汽油； 把电线插入父亲的脑袋里（plugged the electric wire into Dad’s head. ），然后接通的是电源。James想给爸爸充电了。C选项是电灯的意思，不符合语境。
【小题18】D考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。 grew up成长；长大；lay down放下； broke down出故障，身体垮掉；sat up 坐起来。父亲原先是伏在胳膊上睡，一接通电源，他张开了眼睛，立即坐了起来，说明爸爸的问题好了。
【小题19】C考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。food食物；temperature温度；battery电池； blood 血。接通电源，父亲就没睡意，更舒服了。说明爸爸身体不好可能是因为体内的电池电量不足。
【小题20】D 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。 James运用自己的聪明才智使得父母亲都感觉舒服了，他的朋友但会接受这确实是不寻常的一家。prove证明；expect期待；suspect怀疑； accept接受。
【2014·四川卷】完形填空
My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡). It's 11 for a grouse to have any contact (接触) with people. In fact, they're hard to spot, 12 they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.
This grouse came into our lives in 13 Tom was working out in the field when he 14 her walking around at the edge of the field. She was 15 unafraid and seemed to be 16 about what he was doing.
Tom saw the 17 bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him. We quickly grew 18 of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.
One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom 19 he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next.
Apparently, she didn't like to be 20 . She'd run up and peck (啄) at Tom's hands, then 21 off to see what he would do. This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred became tired of the 22 and left.
As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to 23 more and more often. 24 Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg and stay long enough for me to get a 25 of the two of them together. This friendly grouse soon felt 26 not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by.
When hunting season opened, we put a 27 at the end of our driveway asking 28 not to shoot our pet grouse. My father, who lived down the road, 29 warned people not to shoot her. 30 . hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.
【小题1】. A. interesting B. reasonable C. impossible D. unusual
【小题2】. A. though B. because C. unless D. until
【小题3】 A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
【小题4】. A. got B. kept C. noticed D. imagined
【小题5】. A. naturally B. certainly C. normally D. surprisingly
【小题6】. A. crazy B. curious C. concerned D. cautious
【小题7】. A. shy B. awkward C. friendly D. elegant
【小题8】. A. careful B. tired C. fond D. sick
【小题9】. A. supposed B. realized C. hoped D. pretended
【小题10】. A. ignored B. observed C. amazed D. disturbed
【小题11】. A. put B. back C. set D. take
【小题12】. A. game B. work C. place D. man
【小题13】. A. give up B. come out C. turn over D. fly by
【小题14】 A. Eventually B. Suddenly C. Constantly D. Presently
【小题15】. A. chance B. dream C. picture D. sense
【小题16】. A. comfortable B. guilty C. anxious D. familiar
【小题17】. A. lantern B. sign C. gun D. loudspeaker
【小题18】. A. drivers B. farmers C. hunters D. tourists
【小题19】. A. just B. yet C. thus D. also
【小题20】. A. In fact B. For long C. On the contrary D. By the way
【解析】
【小题1】D考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. interesting有趣的；B. reasonable合理的；C. impossible不可能的；D . unusual不寻常的。根据上文作者对此事感到惊讶I was still amazed和下文中对松鸡性情的介绍they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.可知松鸡和人密切接触的情况是不常见的，答案选D.
【小题2】B考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。A. though 尽管；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. until直到。前句提到they're hard to spot人们很难看到松鸡，后句内容说它们见到人类的接近就会飞走，由此可知人们很难见到松鸡的原因是它们惧怕人类，后句和前句是因果关系，故答案选B。
【小题3】A考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. spring春天；B. summer夏天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。根据下文倒数第二段As spring went and summer came可知当Tom看到这只松鸡的时候是春天，故答案选A。
【小题4】C考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. got得到；B. kept保持；C. noticed发现，注意到；D. imagine想象。此处讲述的是Tom第一次看到这只松鸡时候的情景，空后提到这只松鸡正在地边走动，所以是Tom看到，注意到，选C。
【小题5】D考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. naturally 自然地；B. certainly 当然地；C. normally正常地；D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。从上文内容可知松鸡是怕人的，见到人就飞走，而这只松鸡不怕人，所以是让人惊讶的情况，选D。
【小题6】B考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. crazy疯狂的，着迷的；B .curious好奇的；C. concerned关心的；D. cautious小心的。从空前内容可知松鸡不怕人，由此推断应该是好奇Tom在做什么，其他不符合语境，选B。
【小题7】C考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A shy 害羞的；B awkward尴尬的；C friendly 友好的；D elegant优雅的。从后句内容可知这只松鸡不怕Tom,而且在他身边越来越自在，此外在文章倒数第二段也提到friendly grouse，由此可知这只松鸡是友好的，选C。
【小题8】C考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A careful小心的；B tired厌倦的；Cfond喜欢的；D sick恶心，生病的。从空后内容可知作者和丈夫给松鸡取了名字，由此判断他们对这只松鸡越来越喜欢，be fond of 意思是“喜欢”，选C。
【小题9】D考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A supposed认为，猜想；B realized意识到；C hoped希望；D pretended假装。前面提到Tom看到松鸡走近他身边，后面又说没看到她，由此判断他是假装没看见，想看看松鸡会如何反应。选D。
【小题10】A考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A ignored忽略，不理睬；B observed观察，遵守，庆祝；C amazed感到惊讶；D disturbed打扰。上文提到Tom故意装作没看到这只松鸡，空后又描述松鸡去啄Tom的手，由此判断松鸡是想引起Tom的注意，不想被忽视，选A。
【小题11】B考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A put放；B backed后退；C place安置，放；D man带走。从描述的情景可以推测松鸡啄了Tom之后就退后看他的反应，选B。
【小题12】A考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A game游戏；B work工作；C place地方；D man人。根据上文的叙述可知在Tom不理睬松鸡的情况下，松鸡反反复复地去啄Tom，然后看他的反应，这对它来说是一种游戏，选A。
【小题13】B考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A give up 放弃；B come out出来；C turn over翻转；D fly by飞过。根据下文内容可知夏天到了松鸡更加频繁地外出走动了，选B。
【小题14】A考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A Eventually 最终；B Suddenly突然；C Constantly不断地；D Presently目前地。从上文内容可知松鸡一点一点地接近人类，胆子越来越大，最后都飞到Tom身上，由此判断答案选A。
【小题15】C考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A chance机会；B dream梦想；C picture图片，照片；D sense感觉。根据作者描述的情景可知松鸡呆在Tom的腿上，所以是作者趁机拍了张照片，而且下文hunters would stop and take pictures也是很好的提示，选C。
【小题16】A考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A comfortable舒服的；B guilty内疚的；C anxious 焦虑的；D familiar 熟悉的。本文讲述的内容是松鸡和人的友好相处，而且上文多次提到松鸡在人们身边很comfortable，比如and she got more comfortable around him和.Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg，所以答案选A。
【小题17】B考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A lantern灯笼；B sign 招牌；C gun 枪支；D loudspeaker扬声器。根据情理可知要想提醒人们应该是树立起一个警示牌，而且空前动词put也只能和sign构成搭配，故答案选B。
【小题18】C考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A drivers司机；B farmers农民；C hunters猎人；D tourists游客。从情理可知四个选项中会猎杀动物的只有猎人，而且通过下文猎人与松鸡拍照也可以判断作者是提醒猎人们不要猎杀他们的松鸡，选C。
【小题19】D考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A just 仅仅；B yet 然而；D thus 因此；D alos也。前面内容提到作者竖起牌子警示人们不要猎杀这只友好的松鸡，而父亲同时也警告人们别猎杀那只松鸡，由此可知答案选D。
【小题20】A短语辨析以及语境理解。A In fact 事实上；B For long很长时间；C On the contrary相反；D By
the way 顺便说。上文提到作者和家人都提醒人们不要去伤害这只松鸡，而猎人们不仅没有猎杀松鸡，甚
至还和松鸡一起拍照，故A选项内容符合语境。
考点：考查故事类短文阅读。
【2014·全国新课标II】完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top41_______, but on their way back conditions were very42_______. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 43_______ alone, he would probably get back 44_______. But Simon decided to risk his 45_______ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.
As they 46_______ down, the weather got worse. Then another 47_______ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 48_______, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was 49_______ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 50_______ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 51_______, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 52_______. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 53_______ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he54_______ to get out of the crevasse and started to 55_______ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 56_______.
Simon had 57_______ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 58_______, but he didn’t want to leave59_______. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 60_______ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
【小题1】. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early
【小题2】. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal
【小题3】.A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
【小题4】A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully
【小题5】A. fortune B. time C. health D. life
【小题6】A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked
【小题7】A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble
【小题8】 A. by mistake B. by chance C .by choice D. by luck
【小题9】 A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible
【小题10】 A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment
【小题11】 A. Finally B. Patiently C Surely D Quickly
【小题12】.A stand back B take a rest C make a decision D hold on
【小题13】.A jumped B. fell C escaped D backed
【小题14】. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
【小题15】 A. run B. skate C. move D. march
【小题16】A. around B. away C. above D. along
【小题17】A. headed for B .traveled to C. left for D. returned to
【小题18】A. dead B .hurt C. weak D. late
【小题19 A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
【小题20】A. find B. believe C. make D. accept
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，在文中讲述了英国登山家Joe Simpson和同伴Simon Yates'攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉米的Siula Grande峰时的遭遇，他们成功在西坡登顶。但是在下山时却遇到了困难，Joe腿部受伤，但是他们最终还是成功地活了下来。
【小题1】C.考查副词辨析及语境理解。A. hurriedly 匆忙地； B. carefully仔细地；C. successfully成功地；D. early早。根据前句内容可知他们第一个成功爬上了秘鲁境内安第斯山脉高达6344米的Siula Grande峰，所以选C。
【小题4】B考查副词辨析及语境理解。A. unwillingly 不情愿地；B. safely 安全地；C. slowly 缓慢地；D. regretfully 遗憾地。Joe受伤了，由情理可知如果Simon不顾及Joe，他会安然返回，而且后文提到Simon决定冒险，故答案选B。
【小题5】D考查名词辨析及语境理解。A. fortune 财富； B. time时间； C. health 健康；D. life 生活，生命。在困难的 情况下Simon 带上受伤的同伴是在冒着生命的危险，答案选D。
【小题6】C考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. lay躺，位于； B. settled解决； C. went 去；D. looked看。从上文内容可知他们是在下山，所以选C。
【小题7】D考查名词辨析及语境理解。A. damage损坏；B. storm 暴风雨；C. change改变；D. trouble 麻烦。根据前面内容可知Joe受伤就是一个麻烦事了，所以天气的恶劣对他们来说是另一个麻烦，选D。
【小题8】A考查短语辨析及语境理解。 A. by mistake错误地 ；B. by chance偶然地；C.by chance偶然地；D. by design故意地。 由于恶劣的天气他们看不清楚也听不清楚，因而Simon错误地把Joe用绳子放到了悬崖边，答案选A。
【小题9】D考查形容词辨析及语境理解。 A. unnecessary没必要； B. practical 实际的 C. important 重要的； D. impossible不可能。 因为Joe受了伤，而又是在悬崖边，所以对于Joe来说爬上来是不可能的，Simon也是不可能下去救他，选D。
【小题10】B考查名词辨析及语境理解。 A. height高度； B. weight 重量； C. strength 力气；D. equipment 设备。从故事内容可知Simon 是在用绳子把Joe往山下送，所以能影响到Simon的是Joe的重量，故答案选B。
【小题11】A考查副词辨析及语境理解。A. Finally最终，最后； B. Patiently耐心地； C Surely 当然； D Quickly快地。 根据上文内容可知由于他们彼此不能听清，不能看清而致使Joe处于了绝境，但是Simon不忍心放弃他的同伴，一直坚持到最后没有办法的时候才割断绳子，故答案选A。
【小题12】C考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。.A stand back 往后站；B take a rest 休息； C make a decision 做出决定；D hold on 坚持。根据下文内容可知他终于做出了放弃朋友的决定。
【小题13】B. 考查动词辨析及语境理解。A jumped跳； B. fell 摔倒，掉下；C escaped 逃脱；D backed 支持。空前提到他割掉绳子，所有Joe是摔了下去。
【小题14】A. 考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. managed管理，设法； B. planned 计划；C. waited等待；D. hoped 希望。从下文内容可知在腿部受伤，而且处于悬崖边上的Joe奇迹般地爬回营地，活了下来，manage to do“设法做到” 故答案选A 。
【小题15】C考查动词辨析及语境理解。 A. run跑，经营；B. skate 滑冰；C. move移动；D. march 行军。从上文可知Joe腿部受伤，所以只能是慢慢移动着，答案选C。
【小题16】B考查介词辨析及语境理解。A. around 周围；B. away 远离；C. above 在……上面；D. along 沿着。从空前内容ten kilometers可知此处指距离，所以用away。
【小题17】D考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。A. headed for 朝某地进发；B .traveled to 旅行去某地；C. left for 动身去某地；D. returned to 回到。根据下文可知Simon在忍痛割断系着Joe的绳子后又回到营地了，故答案选D。
【小题18】A考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. dead 死的；B .hurt 受伤的；C. weak虚弱的；D. late 迟的。在那种情况下他以为Joe会死掉，选A。
【小题19】C考查副词辨析及语境理解。 A. secretly 秘密地；B. tiredly疲倦地；C. immediately立即；D. anxiously 焦虑地。根据后文可知他又在营地里呆了几天，没立即返回，选C。
【小题20】B考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. find 发现；B. believe 相信；C. make 使，制作；D. accept接受。从上文可知Simon在没有办法的情况下含着眼泪把系着Joe的绳子割断了，他认为这样做的结果会是Joe死去，没想到Joe会活着爬回来，选B。
考点：考查故事类短文阅读。
【2014·福建卷】完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
From my second grade on, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital(独奏演唱会). A recital ___36__I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I ___37__ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”. And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕) ____38_____about build self-confidence and working toward a ____39____.
So it was with really great___40___that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and ___41___my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt ___42___rising to play the piano in his very first recital.
My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t _____43____lessons. He could have gone on regretting it, ___44____too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t ___45_____there. When he retired three years ago, he ___46__ his church music director to take him as a student.
For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he ___47___stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the ____48__? I worried, remembering those split seconds___49___ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would ___50____. But then came the beautiful melody(旋律)，from the ___51__fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines. And I___52___he had been doing what music teachers always stress:___53_____the music and pretend the others aren’t there.
“I’m ____54____of him for starting something new at his age,” I said to my son Jeff.
“Yeah, and doing it so___55____,” Jeff added.
With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.
36. A. reflected B. explained C. meant D. proved
37. A. would B. could C. might D. should
38. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something
39. A. goal B. stage C. journey D. chance
40. A. trouble B. satisfaction C. strength D. disappointment
41. A. kept B. sent C. watched D. felt
42. A. through B. from C. against D. before
43. A. miss B. afford C. select D. understand
44. A. as B. once C. if D. while
45. A. educated B. protected C. stuck D. spoilt
46. A. allowed B. invited C. inspired D. persuaded
47. A. roughly B. simply C. merrily D. curiously
48. A. words B. videos C. notes D. lessons
49. A. decades B. weeks C. hours D. moments
50. A. play B. freeze C. click D. adjust
51. A. same B. warm C. different D. dirty
52. A. predicted B. realized C. imagined D. insisted
53. A. pass over B. turn up C. bring in D. concentrate on
54. A. ashamed B. aware C. tired D. proud
55. A. casually B. anxiously C. nicely D. frequently
【解析】
36. C。考查动语 ：根据I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers.可知这里意思是独奏会意味着我必须练习一首无聊的乐曲。reflected 反射；explained 解释；Meant意味着；proved证明。
37. A。考查时态 ：根据And each year he would shake his head, muttering(嘀咕) ____38_____about build self-confidence and working toward a ____39____. 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，用过去将来时。
38. D。考查代词 ：根据下文about building self-confidence and working towards a可知父亲嘴里嘀咕了一些事情。Nothing没有事情；everything每件事物；anything任何东西；something有些事情。
39. A。考查名词 ：根据build self-confidence and working toward a ____39____.可知这里意思是建立自信，朝着一个目标努力。Goal目标；stage舞台；journey旅行；chance机会。
40. B。考查名词 ：根据下文我的父亲开始他的第一次独奏，所以这是很令人满意的。Trouble麻烦；satisfaction满意；strength力量；disappointment失望。
41. C。考查动词 ：根据my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt可知我是看到我的父亲直流汗。kept 保持；sent 送；Watch看到；felt感觉。
42. D。考查连词 ：父亲是在第一次演奏之前，直流汗。through 通过；from 从……；against 反对；Before在……之前。
43. B。考查动词 ：根据My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor可知他的家庭很贫穷，付不起学费。miss 错过；Afford付得起；select选择；understand明白。
44. A。考查连词 ：句意，他可以像我们大多数人一样去后悔。As像；once一旦；if如果；while然而。
45. C。考查动词 ：根据But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t ___45_____there.可知这里意思是尽管他生根于过去，却没有被粘在那里。educated 教育；protected 保护；Stuck粘贴；spoilt变质。
46. D。考查句型 ：他说服教堂音乐主管收他为学生。Persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事。Allowed允许；invited邀请；inspired鼓舞；persuaded说服。
47. B。考查副词 ：根据Has he forgotten the ____48__?可知父亲坐在琴键前，仅仅向下盯着自己的手指。roughly 粗略地；Simply仅仅；merrily快乐地；curiously好奇地。
48. C。考查名词 ：根据I worried, remembering those split seconds___49___ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would ___50____.可知这里意思是他忘记音符了吗？words 话；videos 录像；notes音符；lessons功课。
49. A。考查名词 ：根据最后一句话作者认为他的行动比30多年以前说的话更有感染力。可知作者想起了自己十多年前，我的思想一片空白。Decades十年；weeks几星期；hours几小时；moments片刻。
50. B。考查动词 ：头脑一片空白，手指就会像结冰一样。play 演奏；Freeze使结冰；click极成功；adjust调整。
51. A。考查形容词 ：但是，那个时候，传出了优美的旋律，来自于曾经装鱼线的相同的手。 Same相同的； warm温暖的；different不同的；dirty脏的。
52. B。考查动词 ：根据___53_____the music and pretend the others aren’t there. 我意识到了他做了音乐老师总是强调的事情。predicted 预测；Realized意识到；imagined想象；insisted坚持。
53. D。考查短语 ：根据and pretend the others aren’t there.可知专注于音乐，假装其他人不存在。pass over 忽视；turn up 出现；bring in 带进来；Concentrate on专心于。
54. D。考查短语 ：根据With his first recital, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.可知在他那个年龄，还能开始新的东西，我为此感到骄傲。ashamed 惭愧的；aware 意识到；tired 疲倦的；Be proud of为……骄傲。
55. C。考查副词 ：根据But then came the beautiful melody(旋律)，from the ___51__fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines.可知完成的是那样漂亮。casually 偶然地；anxiously 担忧地；Nicely漂亮地；frequently频繁地。
考点：考查故事类短文
【2014·湖北卷】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出 可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When our restaurant business failed，we headed north in a camping truck to Texas，hoping to have a “fresh start”.
At the 31 of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷）State Park，I 32 a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a 33 ，permanent campsite in the park, and 34 , the hosts served as a link between the park’s guests and the rangers (护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an 35 for the following day.
The park was 36 , so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼠由）walking toward our table. We 37 climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to 38 our camp.
Having survived that night, we were 39 that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our 40 and gave us a beautiful campsite.
That evening, 41 , we learned about the canyon 42. They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay 43 in the dark until the winds died away.
44 the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and 45 the little money my wife 46 by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful 47 For a time after our business 48 I thought I might lose my family as well.
Living in the tiny 49 with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself 50 for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!
【小题1】. A. back
B.edge
C. centre
D. entrance
【小题2】. A. sponsored
B. published
C. noticed
D. answered
【小题3】. A. safe
B. free
C. convenient
D. beautiful
【小题4】. A. in return
B. in time
C. in short
D. in turn
【小题5】. A. attempt
B. agreement
C. appeal
D. appointment
【小题6】. A. crowded
B. dangerous
C. ideal
D. quiet
【小题7】. A. repeatedly
B. immediately
C. eventually
D. calmly
【小题8】. A. attack
B.leave
C. pass
D. search
【小题9】. A. satisfied
B. determined
C. confident
D. aware
【小题10】A. responsibilities
B. requirements
C. circumstances
D. conditions
【小题11】. A. moreover
B. therefore
C. meanwhile
D. however
【小题12】42. A. winds
B. snows
C. woods
D. trails
【小题13】43. A. shaking
B. quarrelling
C. mourning
D. aching
【小题14】44. A. After
B. Between
C. During
D. Beyond
【小题15】45. A. give away
B. hand out
C. live on
D. put aside
【小题16】46. A. borrowed
B. earned
C. posted
D. raised
【小题17】47. A. business
B. career
C. family
D. image
【小题18】48. A. started
B. failed
C.expanded
D. declined
【小题19】49. A. truck
B. park
C. house
D. camp
【小题20】50. A. desperate
B. ready
C. suitable
D. thankful
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在生意失败后和妻子一起前往Texas希望能有一个新的开始。在帕罗杜洛峡谷州立公园找到一份作为护林人的工作，通过在此期间生活经历的种种深悟家庭的重要，也顺利地从生意失败的阴影中走出，勇敢地面对生活。
【小题4】A 介词短语辨析及语境理解。句意上这儿需要的是“公园提供免费的永久的露营地但需要做相应的工作”。A项“作为回报”适合；B “及时”；C简短；D “ 轮流，反过来”。
【小题5】D 名词辨析与搭配及语境理解。根据下文作者是应征了这份工作并对于接下来的生活有了自己的计划安排。这儿考的是形近词的辨析，A表示“尝试”；B “同意”；C “吸引”；D是“安排，计划”在这类似于“plan”与前面的“make”搭配使用。
【小题6】A 形容词辨析及语境理解。根据后面的内容“so it took us some time to find an available site ”表示“我们花了一段时间找到合适的地方”所以A “拥挤的”适合。B表示“危险的”；C是“理想的”；D是“安静的”。
【小题7】B 副词辨析及语境理解。根据前面的内容，有臭鼬过来人是吓的立即爬上了桌子，所以B“立刻地”适合。A表示“重复地”；C表示“最终地”；D是“镇定地”。
【小题8】B 动词辨析及语境理解。根据上文是吓得爬上桌子几个小时所以是等臭鼬离开。A表示“攻击”；C是“经过”；D是“搜寻”之意。
【小题9】C形容词辨析及语境理解。根据句意，经过了一晚上除了臭鼬的事情没有别的事，所以是感觉其它的都好，只有C符合。A表示“满意的”；B是“意志坚定的”；D是“意识到”。
【小题10】A 名词辨析及语境理解。根据上文人们向我们阐述我们所要承担的什么样的责任或任务。B是“要求”；C是“状况”；D是“条件”。
【小题11】D上下文串联及语境理解。前面刚提到“a beautiful campsite”，后面出现了冰冷的寒风，所以这儿是转折的概念。A表示递进；B表示因果；C表示并列。
【小题12】A名词辨析及语境理解。下文有“until the winds died away.”，属于上下文原词一栏。D是“小径，小道”的意思。
【小题13】A 动词辨析及语境理解。根据上下文冰冷的暴风刮了一夜，所以我们躺的地方一直是摇摇晃晃的感觉。B表示“争吵”；C是“哀悼”之意；D是“疼痛”。
【小题14】C 介词搭配及语境理解。句意上在接下来的几个星期内，所以应该是C项的During；D表示“超越”之意。
【小题15】C 短语辨析及语境理解。上下文来看是关于用钱的问题，指得是靠不多的钱生活。A表示“捐赠，泄露”；B是“交出”之意；C是“以…为生”；D表示“放在一旁”。
【小题16】B 动词辨析及语境理解。与money的搭配是make或earn，这儿指的是妻子挣到的钱。A表示“借”；C是“张贴”而D是“抚养，筹集，举起”之意。下文有“by substitute teaching”，所以应该是挣钱。
【小题17】C 名词辨析及语境理解。根据文章最后作者表达的最终建立家庭的情况来看，这儿只能用family,上下对应。A是”生意“；B是 “事业”；D表示的是“形象”。
【小题18】B 动词辨析及语境理解。根据文章一开始作者介绍的背景知道是生意上的失败。A表示“开始”；C是“扩大”之意；D是“下降，拒绝”。
【小题19】A 名词辨析及语境理解。上文一直在提到是在我们的卡车里，所以这儿是作者对于这样生活的感受。
【小题20】D 形容词辨析及语境理解。作者最后对于这样行的生活有感而发，虽然生意失败了，但是却给了作者一个温暖的家，所以这儿的情感更是对困难的一种感激与敬意。A表示“绝望”；B是“准备好了”C表示“适合的”。
【2014·江苏卷】 完形填空 (共 20 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 20 分)
请阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first 36 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 37 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the 38 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 39 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 40 he didn’t have the time or the 41 . He had only one good suit. He tried 42 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 43 . During this period Dale was slowly 44 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 45 him from achieving his real potential. She 46 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 47 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 48 made it. This proved to be a 49 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 51 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 52 , were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to 53 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 54 an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, 55 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
【小题1】A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized
【小题2】A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction
【小题3】A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment
【小题4】A. between B. during C. over D. through
【小题5】A. while B. when C. because D. though
【小题6】 A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes
【小题7】A. on B. for C. in D. with
【小题8】A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing
【小题9】A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining
【小题10】A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free
【小题11】A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted
【小题12】A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential
【小题13】A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally
【小题14】A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning
【小题15】 A. progress B. experience C. competence D. confidence
【小题16】A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming
【小题17】A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact
【小题18】A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. build
【小题19】A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat
【小题20】A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【小题5】C
【小题6】D
【小题7】B
【小题8】A
【小题9】C
【小题10】A
【小题11】A
【小题12】B
【小题13】C
【小题14】D
【小题15】D
【小题16】C
【小题17】C
【小题18】B
【小题19】A
【小题20】D
【解析】试题分析：文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了戴尔·卡耐基从不为人所知，到享有国际声誉。他从年轻时候的不自信，在他母亲的帮助下不断奋斗，最终成为最成功的演说家。
【小题1】考查动词词义及语境理解。A. admitted承认；B. filled装满；C. supplied提供；D. recognized认出，识别。在1906年，当年轻的戴尔是沃伦斯堡州立师范学院三年级学生，他首次发现这种需要。故选D
【小题2】考查名词义辨析及语境理解。A. assignment分配，任务；B. education教育；C. advantage优势；D. instruction教学，说明。这里指卡耐基要受到教育，他与许多困难作斗争。故选B
【小题3】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. training训练；B. board这里指“校车”；C. teaching教学；D. equipment设备。他的爸爸付不起上大学的校车费用，因此戴尔不得不骑马跑12英里去上课。故选B
【小题4】考查介词词义及语境理解。A. between在……之间；B. during在……期间；C. over在……上方；D. through穿过。学习不得不在日常农活之间完成。故选A
【小题8】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. light轻的；B. flexible灵活的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. outgoing外向的。根据这四个选择项可以判断，教练拒绝他的原因只可能是因为他体重太轻。故选A
【小题9】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. gaining获得；B. achieving取得；C. developing形成；D. obtaining获得。从语境可知，在这个时期，戴尔慢慢形成一种自卑感。故选C
【小题10】考查动词词义辨析。A. prevent阻止；B. protect保护；C. save拯救；D. free释放。这里考查短语prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。他的母亲知道这能够阻止他获得他的真正的潜能。故选A
【小题11】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. suggested建议；B. demanded要求；C. required要求；D. insisted坚持。她建议戴尔加入辩论队。故选A
【小题12】考查名词短语辨析及语境理解。A. presence出现；B. practice练习；C patience耐心；D. potential潜能。 她相信发言练习能够给他自信。故选B
【小题13】考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. hopefully有希望地；B. certainly当然，一定；C. finally最终；D. naturally自然地。戴尔听从了他母亲的建议，不顾一切的尝试，几次尝试之后，最终成功了。故选C
【小题14】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. key关键的；B. breaking破裂的；C. basic基本的；D. turning转折。从语境可知，这证明是他生命中的一个转折点。故选D
【小题15】考查名词词义辨析。A. progress进步；B. experience经历；C. competence能力；D. confidence自信。在人群面前演讲的确帮助他获得他需要的自信。故选D
【小题16】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. horse-riding骑马；B. football足球；C. speech演讲；D. farming农业。到戴尔是大四学生的时候，他赢得了演讲的每一个最高荣誉。故选C
【小题17】考查短语辨析及语境理解。A. in return作为回报；B. in brief简言之；C in turn轮流；D. in fact事实上。 现在，其他学生都来向他寻求指导。而他们也依次赢得了竞赛。故选C
【小题18】考查动词词义辨析。A. convey传达；B. overcome克服；C. understand理解；D. build建立。出于这早期的努力使他克服了自卑感。故选B
【小题19】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. express表达；B. stress强调；C. contribute贡献；D. repeat重复。戴尔开始理解他向听众表达观念的能力建立了一个人的自信。故选A
【小题20】考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。A. besides除……之外；B. beyond超出；C like像；D. with随着。 并且，拥有此，戴尔知道他能够做任何他想要做的事情——其他人也可以。故选D
考点：考查记叙文
【2014·陕西卷】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
It was Mother’s Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were 26 , we realized that only minutes earlier an 27 woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground. 28 was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. 29 a lot of people stopped to help out.
30 we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very 31 about what had happened to the elderly couple. He 32 to me, “Mom, it’s not much fun falling over in front of 33 .” Seeing that there was a flower stall（摊位）at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldn’t we 34 the lady a flower? It will make her feel better.” I was 35 that he’d come up with this 36 idea. So we went over and told the flower seller 37 we wanted. “Just take it,” she replied. “I 38 take your money for such a wonderful 39 .”
By now medical staff had arrived, and were 40 the injured woman. We gave the flower to the woman’s husband and I told him it was 41 my son. At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you very much.” He then turned to me, “You have a 42 son. Happy Mother’s Day to you.”
The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling ger who it was from. 43 being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with 44 in her eyes and gave him a little 45 .
【小题1】A. leaving B. driving C. moving D. stopping
【小题2】A. injured B. awkward C. honest D. elderly
【小题3】A. Her husband B. My son C. The crowd D. The seller
【小题4】A. Specifically B. Particularly C. Interestingly D. Fortunately
【小题5】A. If B. Since C. While D. Unless
【小题6】A. guilty B. curious C. angry D. worried
【小题7】A. complained B. said C. lied D. responded
【小题8】A. no one B. someone C. everyone D. anyone
【小题9】A. lend B. bring C. leave D. buy
【小题10】A. amazed B. shocked C. puzzled D. concerned
【小题11】A. wise B. sweet C. innocent D. crazy
【小题12】A. which B. when C. what D. whether
【小题13】A. must not B. can’t C. may not D. needn’t
【小题14】A. scene B. habit C. flower D. deed
【小题15】A. checking with B. looking after
C. operating on D. paying for
【小题16】A. from B. to C. with D. about
【小题17】A. respectful B. cheerful C. successful D. wonderful
【小题18】A. Out of B. Regardless of C. Thanks to D. As to
【小题19】 A. love B. hope C. pity D. pain
【小题20】 A. idea B. money C. smile D. comfort
【解析】
文章大意：本文是一篇情感小故事。主要叙述了作者在母亲节这天超市购物，遇到了一位老人摔倒，作者的儿子想起买花送给那位老人。作者在母亲节这天收到了儿子送给母亲的母亲节最好礼物。
【小题1】A 考查动词辨析及语境理解。A离开；B开车；C移动；D停止。此处是作者一家将在超市购完物后离开，故选A。
【小题2】D 考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A受伤的；B尴尬的，笨拙的；C诚实的；D年长的。根据第二段中的the elderly couple判断选D。
【小题3】A考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段的couple判断，应是woman的丈夫和他在一起。故选A。
【小题4】D 考查副词辨析及语境理解。A特殊地，专门地；B特别地，尤其地；C有趣地；D幸运地。那位妇女遇到难处了，周围的陌生人都伸出援助之手，故应是“幸运地”，故选D。
【小题5】C 考查状语从句。A如果；B自从，既然；C当……时候；D除非。根据句意：当我们向那场景走去时，……。故选C。
【小题6】D考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A有罪的；B好奇的；C生气的；D忧虑的。第一段提到Tenyson是作者五岁的儿子，看到这样的场景会“担心、忧虑”。故选D。
【小题7】B 考查动词辨析。A抱怨；B说；C撒谎；D反应。根据孩子后面所说的内容判断选B。
【小题11】B 考查形容词辨析及语境理解。作者在为儿子的想法感到喜在心头，a sweet idea 一个令人思之如饴的美好想法，故选B。A智慧的，明智的；B甜蜜的；C天真的；D疯狂的。
【小题12】C 考查宾语从句。told后跟的间接宾语是the flower seller，宾语从句是间接宾语，从句中wanted缺少宾语，what可在宾语从句中作主语或宾语。故选C。
【小题13】B 考查情态动词辨析及语境理解。A严禁，禁止；B不能；C可能不会；D不必。店主也被孩子的主意所感动，故坚持不能收钱。所以选B。
【小题14】D考查名词辨析及语境理解。A场景；B习惯；C花；D好事。这应该是店主也认为这是件好事，故选D。
【小题15】B 考查短语辨析及语境理解。A与…协商；与…相符合；B照看，照顾；C手术；D为……祷告；根据空前的medical staff判断选B。
【小题16】A 考查词义辨析及语境理解。A来自；B去；C带有，携带；D关于。作者将花给了受伤的女士丈夫，并告诉他这花是来自作者的儿子，故选A。
【小题17】D 考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A恭敬的，有礼貌的；B欢呼的；C成功的；D极好的。从老人所说的感谢话中可判断答案。
【小题18】B 考查短语辨析及语境理解。A出自；B不管；C幸亏，由于；D至于。根据句意：尽管伤得很厉害，……。故选B。
【小题19】A 考查名词辨析。A爱；B希望；C遗憾；D痛苦。根据空前老人虽然痛地厉害，但仍然充满爱意地看着作者的儿子。故选A。
【小题20】C 考查名词辨析及语境理解。A主意；B金钱；C微笑；D安慰。句意：……眼中充满爱意，给了孩子一个微笑。
考点：考查叙事类文章阅读
【2014·辽宁卷】完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We had 41 to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my 42 ，I had a good excuse: A business meeting had 43 and I'd wasted no time getting to the dinner.
When I arrived at the 44 ，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didn't mean to be late. She screamed, "You never mean to." Well, I 45 tell she was angry. "I'm sorry but it was not 46 ," I said. Then I told her about the business meeting. 47 , my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive 48 mad as well.
Several weeks later, when I 49 the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, "You 50 a classic mistake. You're stuck 51 your own way of thinking. You didn't 52 to be late. But that's not the point. What is 53 in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor." He pointed out that I focused on the intention 54 Eleanor focused on the result. Thus, 55 of us felt misunderstood and crazy.
Thinking more about Ken's words, I 56 recognized the root cause of such disagreement. It's the result of the action that really 57 .I should have started the conversation by expressing 58 my actions affected Eleanor and 59 the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never.
Later on, after talking to Eleanor and really 60 her experience of the results
of my lateness, I've managed to be on time a lot more frequently.
【小题1】A. Started B. Agreed C. Continued D. Managed
【小题2】A. Relief B. Surprise C. Regret D. Sorrow
【小题3】A. broken out B. closed down C. faded away D. run over
【小题4】A. House B. Room C. Restaurant D. Supermarket
【小题5】A. Could B. Must C.Will D. might
【小题6】A. Movable B. Comfortable C. Acceptable D. Avoidable
【小题7】A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise
【小题8】A. Her B. Him C. me D. them
【小题9】A. spread B. wrote C. translated D. described
【小题10】A. knew B. made C. found D. took
【小题11】A. In B. beyond C. For D. against
【小题12】A. Need B. Prove C. Pretend D. Intend
【小题13】A. Funny B. Important C. Possible D. Simple
【小题14】 A. While B. After C. Until D. unless
【小题15】A. All B. None C. Both D. Neither
【小题16】A. Usually B. Merely C. Hardly D. gradually
【小题17】A. Inspires B. Matters C. Improves D. challenges
【小题18】 A. How B. Why C. When D. what
【小题19】A. Compared B. Reported C. Finished D. saved
【小题20】A. Showing B. Satisfying C. understanding D. destroying
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述作者和妻子约定一起吃饭，但是作者因为开会晚了，作者向妻子解释为什么迟到，妻子反而更生气，作者也感到要发疯了，后来作者和朋友谈到这件事，朋友的一番话让作者意识到重要的是作者应该体会迟到对妻子的影响，而不应该强调自己的意图，通过和妻子的沟通，作者更好的理解了妻子，以后尽量能够做到准时。
【小题1】B考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.开始，B.同意，C.继续，D.设法，管理，根据上文It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor.可知作者和妻子约定一起吃饭，所以他们是达成一致意见7点在饭店见面，agree to do一致同意做…，所以选B。
【小题2】A考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.缓解，宽慰，B.惊讶，C.后悔，遗憾，D.悲伤，根据下文的：I had a good excuse，可知作者感到有点宽慰的是他有个很好的借口，所以选A。
【小题3】D考查动词短语辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.爆发，B.关闭，C.逐渐消退，D.遇上，超过，根据上文but to my 42 ，I had a good excuse:可知作者有个好借口，因为一个商业会议超时了，而作者没有浪费时间，所以选D。
【小题4】C考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.房子，B.房间，C.饭店，D.超市，根据上文的内容，We had 41 to meet at the restaurant at seven o'clock.可知作者和妻子约定在饭店一起吃饭，所以作者是到达饭店，选C。
【小题5】A考查情态动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.能够，B.必须，C.将会，愿意，D.可能，根据下文"I'm sorry but it was not 46 ,"作者对妻子抱歉，所以他能够感觉出妻子是生气了，所以选A。
【小题6】D考查形容词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.可移动的，B.舒服的，C.可接受的，D.可以避免的，根据下文Then I told her about the business meeting.作者告诉妻子关于这个商业会议的事情，认为迟到是不可避免的，所以选D。
【小题7】A考查副词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.然而，B.因此，C.还有，D.否则，根据下文的内容，my explanation seemed to make things worse,作者的解释让事情更糟，所以和前面的句子是转折关系，所以选A。
【小题8】C考查代词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词），B.他（宾格）C.我（宾格），D.他们（宾格），根据上文，可知作者的迟到让妻子很生气，而且他的解释让事情更糟，这也使作者快要发疯了，因为用了as well，所以不是作者的妻子，而是需要代词指代作者本人，用me，所以选C。
【小题11】A考查介词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.在…里面，B.超过，C.为了，D.反对，这里使用了固定搭配：be stuck in卡住，陷入，这里表示作者被自己的思维方式困住了，所以选A。
【小题12】D考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.需要，B.证明，C.假装，D.打算，根据第二段的句子，"You never mean to."可知作者认为自己不是故意这么做的，所以用intend和mean意思相近，所以选D。
【小题13】B考查形容词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.滑稽的，有趣的，B.重要的，C.可能的，D.简单的，根据上句：But that's not the point.那并不是重点，你们的谈话中重要的是你的迟到是怎么影响Eleanor的，所以选B。
【小题14】A考查连词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.当…时候，然而，虽然，B.在…之后，C.直到，D.除非，他指出作者的重点是意图，而Eleanor的重点是结果，这两句话是表示转折关系，所以选A。
【小题15】C考查代词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.（三者以上）都，B. （三者以上）都不，C. （两者）都，D. （两者）都不，根据上文He pointed out that I focused on the intention 54 Eleanor focused on the result.可知作者和妻子两个人理解的重点不一样，所以两个人都感觉被误解要抓狂，所以选C。
【小题16】D考查副词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.通常，B.仅仅，C.几乎不，D.逐渐地，句意：多思考Ken的话，我逐渐意识到这样分歧的根源，所以选D。
【小题17】B考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.激励，B.重要，C.提高，改善，D.挑战，根据上文可知文章一再强调的两个人的重点，所以这里说的是行动的结果是真正重要的，matter和be important意思相同，所以选B。
【小题18】A考查疑问词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.怎样，B.为什么，C.何时，D.什么，根据上文可知是行动的结果更重要，所以作者本应该开始对话，表达自己的行为对妻子有怎样的影响，选A。
【小题19】D考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.比较，B.报告，C.完成，D.拯救，省去，根据上文I should have started the conversation by expressing 5 8 my actions affected Eleanor可知作者本应该表达自己的行为对妻子有怎样的影响，所以应该省去解释自己迟到的目的或以后再说，或者永远不要说，所以选D。
【小题20】C考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.展示，B.使…满意，C.理解，D.破坏，根据上文提到了misunderstood，可知作者通过和妻子的交谈真的理解了她对于我迟到的结果的体验，所以选C。
考点：考查人生百味类完型填空
【2014·湖南卷】The summer before I went off to college, Mom stood me in her usual spot behind the ironing board (烫衣板)and said, “Pay attention: I’m going to teach you to iron.”
Mom clearly explained her 36 for this lesson. I was going to be 37 and needed to learn this vital skill. Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good 38 .
“Learn to iron a shirt,” Mom said, “and you can iron anything.”
But ironing shirts was not 39 work. It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball，and it wasn’t a 40 operation like ice-skating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet, Moreover, an iron produced steam and it carried an element of 41 .If you touched the wrong part of it, you’d get burnt. If you forgot to turn it off when you 42 ,you might bum down the house.
As for technique, Mom 43 me to begin with the flat spaces outward, always pushing the iron forward into wrinkled (有褶皱的）parts. Collars had to be done right. Mom said they were close to your face, where everyone would 44 them.
Over the years, I’ve learned to iron shirts skillfully, which gives me a sense of 45 Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. 46 ,through ironing I’ve learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems. “ 47 wrinkles one at a time,” as Mom might have said, “and before long everything will get ironed out.”
【小题1】A. reasons B. rules C. emotions D. methods
【小题2】A. helpful B. confident C. powerful D. independent
【小题3】A. conclusion B. suggestion C. impression D. observation
【小题4】A. useful B. easy C. special D. suitable
【小题5】A. direct B. single C. smooth D. strange
【小题6】A. doubt B. pressure C. surprise D. danger
【小题7】A. went away B. fell down C. jumped off D. looked up
【小题8】A. taught B. chose C. forced D. sent
【小题9】A. touch B. design C. see D. admire
【小题10】A. honesty B. freedom C. justice D. pride
【小题11】A. Instead B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However
【小题12】A. Make up B. Deal with C Ask for D. Rely on
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
【小题6】D
【小题7】A
【小题8】A
【小题9】C
【小题10】B
【小题11】B
【小题12】A
【解析】试题分析：文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在上大学前的暑假，母亲教会作者自己熨衣服的技巧。作者母亲认为作者将要独立并且需要学会这个至关重要的技能。通过熨衣服，作者也学会了解决生活中最棘手问题的方法。
【小题1】考查名词词义及语境理解。A. reasons原因；B. rules规则；C. emotions情感；D. methods方法。reason for ……的原因。妈妈清楚地解释了这一课（指学会烫衣服）的原因。故选A
【小题2】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。A. helpful有帮助的；B. confident自信的；C. powerful强有力的；D. independent独立的。这里指作者母亲认为作者将要独立并且需要学会这个至关重要的技能。故选D
【小题3】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。A. conclusion结论；B. suggestion 建议；C. impression印象；D. observation观察。这里考查短语make a good impression留下好印象。这里指正确的烫好的衣服将会帮助作者留下好的印象。故选C
【小题4】考查形容词词义及上下文连串。A. useful有用的；B. easy容易的；C. special特别的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文的种种描述可以得知：烫衬衫不是一件很容易的工作。故选B
【小题8】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. taught教会；B. chose选择；C. forced强迫；D. sent送。关于技术，妈妈教我开始平面空间向外，一直将熨斗向前推到有褶皱的部分。故选A
【小题9】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A. touch接触；B. design设计；C. see看到；D. admire羡慕。从语境可知，妈妈说它们靠近你的脸，那里每个人都能看到它们。故选C
【小题10】考查名词词义辨析。A. honesty诚实；B. freedom自由；C. justice公正；D. pride自豪。a sense of pride自豪感。多年来，我已经熟练的学会了熨衬衫，这给我一种自豪感。故选D
【小题11】考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. Instead反而；B. Besides除……之外；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。除此之外，通过熨衣服，我已经学会了解决最棘手问题的方法。故选B
【小题12】考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。A. Make up组成、编造；B. Deal with处理。对付；C Ask for询问；D. Rely on依靠。 “一次处理皱的部分”，正如妈妈曾经说过，“不久之后一切都会解决”。故选B
考点：考查记叙文。
完形填空之夹叙夹议
2018年高考题
【2018·全国I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a "free"course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I___41___the idea of taking the class because ，after all ,who doesn't want to___42___a few dollars?More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I weren’t___43___enough about free credits,news about our___44___was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster,which___45___I would be learning from one of the game's___46___.I could hardly wait to___47___him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this___48___was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it___49___that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to___50___the class ,among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to___51___what we would learn in class to our future professions and,___52___,to our lives. I managed to get an A in that___53___and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the___54___.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he___55___me:“The absolute most important___56___that you learn when you play chess is how to make good___57___.On every single move you have to___58___a situation ,process what your opponent(对手）is doing and___59___the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my___60___as a journalist.
41. A. put forward B. jumped at
C. tried out D. turned down
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired
44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest
47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat
48. A. chance B. qualification
C. honor D. job
49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible
50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe
51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare
52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally
53. A. game B. presentation
C. course D. experiment
54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation
55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
57. A. grades B. decisions
C. impressions D. comments
58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control
59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate
60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. A 59. D 60. A
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程——下棋及它对我生活的指导意义。
41. 考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。A. put forward提出；B. jumped at急于接收；C. tried out尝试；D. turned down拒绝。故选B。
45. 考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. urged督促；B. demanded要求；C. held握住；D. meant意味着。故选D。
46. 考查词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。A. fastest最快的；B. easiest最容易的；C. best最好的；D. rarest最稀少的。故选C。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。A. interview面试；B. meet见面；C. challenge挑战；D. beat击败。故选B。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。A. chance机会；B. qualification合格；C. honor荣誉；D. job工作。故选D。
49. 考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。A. real真实的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. possible可能的。故选C。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。A. attend参加；B. pass通过；C. skip跳跃；D. observe遵守。故选B。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把……运用于……
52. 考查副词词义辨析。最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。A. eventually最终；B. naturally自然地；C. directly直接地；D. normally正常地。故选A。
53. 考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个A。A. game游戏；B. presentation介绍；陈述；C. course课程；D. experiment实验。故选C。
54. 考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。A. criterion标准；B. classroom教室；C. department部门；系；D. situation情况。故选B。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。和Ashley学了象棋课程之后10年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。A. taught教；B. wrote写；C. questioned提问；D. promised承诺。故选A。
56. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. fact事实；B. step步；C. manner方式；D. skill技能。故选D。
57. 考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。A. grades等级；B. decisions决定；C. impressions印象；D. comments评论。故选B。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。A. analyze分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild重建；D. control控制。故选A。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。A. announce宣布；B. signal发信号；C. block阻塞；D. evaluate评估。故选D。
60. 考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. role角色；B. desire欲望；要求；C. concern涉及，关系到；D. behavior行为。故选A。
点睛：高考复习时，注意熟词生意的短语是很重要的。本文的中的jump at意为：急于接收。此处jump是一个熟词，但这个短语的意思学生比较陌生，这样就会导致学生不知道意思而束手无策。
【2018·浙江卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it ___36___ to have too much?
I___37___back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also ___38___a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ____39____
When I got into college, things ___40___ I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this ____41____ there was no sense of ____42____ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became ___43___. Once that happened, I just kept___44___my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was____45____really late at night to get my work alone.
One day I ____46____a former classmate of mine who was ____47____ a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was ____48____, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would ____49____ have too much time and would just do what I did back in____50____.He said that if he ____51____the job, he would lose his ____52____ to work and succeed.
So, try ____53____ your time with other work. This is why there is a ____54____ that if you want something done, ask a ____55____person to do it.
36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect
38. A. watched B. loved. C. Coached D. played
39. A.al last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
41. A. extra B .difficult. C. valuable D. limited
42. A. duty B. achievement C .urgency D. direction
43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired
47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
49. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
50. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business
51. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept
52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
53. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading
54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact
55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. B
【解析】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间把事情做好。
36. 考查形容词。A. true真实的；B. fair公平的；C. strange奇怪的；D. possible可能的。句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗?表示“可能的”，表示作者的疑问，故选D。
37. 考查动词。A. remember记得；B. admit承认；C. understand理解；D. expect期望。此处表示回忆起高中时自己的生活，表示“回忆起”是remember back，故选A。
40. 考查动词。A. happened发生；B. repeated重复；C. changed改变；D. mattered要紧。大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选C。
41. 考查形容词。A. extra额外的；B .difficult.困难的；C. valuable有价值的； D. limited有限的。此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选A。
42. 考查名词。A. duty责任；B. achievement成就；C .urgency紧急；D. direction方向。大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比，故选C。
43. 考查名词。A. burden负担；B. relief救济；C. risk冒险；D. habit习惯。由于不急着写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选D。
44. 考查动词。A. pushing推；B. taking拿；C. setting放置；D. calling呼唤。与上文的waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后，我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选A。
45. 考查动词短语。A. hanging out挂出，常去某处；B. staying up熬夜； C. jogging round慢跑；D. showing off炫耀。根据late at night可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选B。
46. 考查动词。A. met遇见；B. helped帮助；C. treated治疗；D. hired雇用。此处指遇到了以前的同学，根据句意选A。
47. 考查动词。A. raising举起；B. wasting浪费；C. demanding要求；D. making获得。此处指经营副业挣了许多钱，“挣钱”是make money,故选D。
48. 考查形容词。A. safe安全的；B. important重要的；C. boring无聊的；D. rewarding有益的。因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。故选C。
49. 考查副词。A. luckily幸运地；B. hardly几乎不；C. hopefully有希望地；D. simply简单地。朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据句意可知选D。
50. 考查名词。A. childhood童年时期；B. college大学；C. town城镇；D. business商业。他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上文内容呼应，故选B。
51. 考查动词。A. quit放弃；B. found发现； C. accepted接受； D. kept保持。如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，故选A。
52. 考查名词。A. heart心脏；B. chance机会；C. drive驱动力；D. way方法。此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。表示“动力”，故选C。
53. 考查动词。A. saving节约；B. filling up装满；C. giving up放弃；D. trading交易。句意：试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。故选B。
54. 考查名词。A. message消息；B. story故事；C. saying谚语；D. fact事实。此处指if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，故选C。
55. 考查形容词。A. careful小心的；B. busy忙碌的；C. reliable可靠的； D. kind善良的。此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选B。
【点睛】
完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如小题4因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。下文do my school work immediately给了提示，故选B. 小题10根据句中late at night可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜才完成。
2017年高考题
夹叙夹议文
[2017·天津卷]
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to __16__ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of __17__ but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my __18__．
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me __19__. I didn't want to live the rest of my life with this __20__ weight any more.
That year, I __21__ a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her __22__ story—she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25，000 for homeless children.
__23__ by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals __24__. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50，000 __25__ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world __26__ me as the perfect solution.
__27__ I began my own personal weight programme, I was filled with the fear that I would __28__ the same difficulties that beat me before. While the __29__ hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right __30__. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began __31__ in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and __32__ meals. My fund raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise __33__．
A year later, I __34__ my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50，000! I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is __35__ and enormous.
16.A.add B. mix C. kill D. share
17.A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes
18.A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight
19.A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly
20.A.ideal B. extra C. normal D. low
21.A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned
22.A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science
23.A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed
24.A. project B. business C. system D. custom
25.A. in search of B.in need of C. in place of D. in support of
26.A.scared B. considered C. confused D. struck
27.A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless
28.A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside
29.A.excitment B. joy C. anger D. fear
30.A.row B. hall C. path D. street
31.A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
32.A. heavy B. full C. expense D. healthy
33.A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly
34.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped
35.A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful
【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过把减肥与为慈善事业做贡献结合在一起，成功地实现了自己的两个目标。作者以自己的减肥经历告诉我们：把减肥与一些有意义的、伟大的事情结合起来，就能取得成功。
16. C 根据空格后的bad feelings以及“…make myself feel better…”可知作者是用吃来消除自己的不良感受，故答案为C。add增加；mix混合；kill消灭，扼杀，制止；share分享。
17. A 根据上文中的food可知，此处指“我”尝试各种节食来减肥，但没用。
20. B “我”肥胖，自然是有一些多余的体重了。ideal 理想的；extra多余的，额外的；normal正常的；low低的。
21. A 根据后面的“…where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.”可知“我”参加了一个研讨会。attend参加；organize 组织；recommend 推荐；mention提及。
22. B 根据一字线后的内容，她不但减了125磅，还为无家可归的孩子募捐，可知她是成功的，故此处是她分享了她的成功的故事。folk 人们；success成功；adventure冒险；science 科学。
23. C 受她的故事的影响，“我”设立了一个项目。surprise 使吃惊；amuse 使娱乐；influence 影响；disturb打扰。
24. A 根据下文的“…telling them about my project.”可知这是个项目。project工程，项目；business生意；system系统；custom风俗习惯。
25. D 募捐的目的是支持一项运动。in search of 寻找，搜寻；in need of 需要；in place of 代替，取代；in support of 支持。
26. D 治愈自己和治愈世人的结合作为一个完美的解决方案深深地打动了“我”。scare使害怕；consider 考虑；confuse使迷惑；strike打动。
27. A 当“我”开始自己的项目时，“我”心中充满了恐惧。as当……时候。
28. B “我”担心遇到原来打败过“我”的那些相同的困难。get over克服，战胜；run into遇到；look for 寻找；put aside把……放到一边，储存。
29. D 根据上一句中的“…the fear…”可知此处是这种“恐惧”一直在“我”脑中盘桓。
30. C 根据后面的“I sent letters to everyone…”可知“我”沿着正确的路走着。
31. B 根据空格后的hundreds of people可知，捐款就像洪水般涌来。
32. D 因为减肥，自然要吃健康的食品了。healthy健康的。
33. A 有规律地锻炼。regularly有规律地；limitlessly 无限地；suddenly突然地；randomly随意地。
34. B 根据冒号后的“我”减了150磅，还募集了五万美元，可知“我”实现了自己的目标。set树立，确立；reach达到；miss错过；drop落下。
35. C 与enormous对应的是meaningful。帮助别人是件有意义的事。stressful压力大的；painful 痛苦的；meaningful 有意义的；peaceful和平的，祥和的。
【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，这类文章首先要通读抓住故事发生的情节和作者想传达的中心思想。围绕主旨解答更有把握。故事内容体现了作者的坚持不懈的毅力和不被困难压倒的精神。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时把握选项词义且要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。
做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力，领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。
1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。
这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。像这篇完型的18题和首句的动词weighed 相对应；24题，下文明显出现了program，还有29题，上文出现了the fear；34题是和下文的I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。
2. 逻辑推理。
逻辑推理是通过对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的理解从而推断出正确答案。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。逻辑推理题需要考生对上下文的理解全面把握，难度较大，考生不能将句子独立开，要注意一个句群，一个段落的整体理解。这篇文章逻辑推理的题较多。19题主要是上下文的逻辑关系，推断出是程度副词seriously；如27题，根据主句和宾语内容推断出是as；还有35题，抓住通读全文和位于末端尾句推断出来这是一个总结全文的主题句。
2016年高考题
1.【2016·全国新课标II】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25 is.
Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.
One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought.
Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your name?” “I’m Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .
Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 39 ---her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 40 ---were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.
21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met
22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed
23. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed
24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already
25. A. Telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression
26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate
27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose
28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused
29. A. promote B. train C. find D. know
30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book
31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time
32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding
33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced
34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list
35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully
36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant
37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless
38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever
39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skillfulness
40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D. Behavior
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D
31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于夹叙夹议类短文，以“我”在电话中与我的代理商Rani的交流中发现，她比较“冷漠”，甚至有了换人的想法。后来实际生活中的一次接触让我发现原来的看法完全是错误的，生活中的Rani是一个很善良体贴的人。以此告诉我们不要随意下结论，要全面思考问题。
23.B 考查上下文串联。虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们只要通过你的声音，就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet串联前后语义。故B正确。
24.C 考查副词辨析。副词rather相当地；also也；just只是；already已经；本句使用just表示强调，别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。
25.A 考查上下文串联。根据26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话，人们可以通过电话了解你。故A正确。
26.D 考查上下文串联。形容词direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate准确的；本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但是也并不是很准确。与ABC三项语义不搭配。故D正确。
27.A 考查介词辨析。介词in person亲自，by myself靠自己；in public当众；on purpose故意地；A项与空前的faceless形成呼应，Rani是代理人，但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。
28.A 考查上下文串联。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，和让我很不高兴，甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对他的声音很反感。故A正确。
29.C 考查上下文串联。动词promote提拔；train训练；find寻找，找到；know知道；正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服，所以我曾经想过另外找代理人取代他。故C正确。
30.D 考查动词辨析。动词arrange预定；postpone推迟；confirm确认；book预定；因为家庭中的紧急事情我要立刻预定回家的航班。动词book与flight相搭配。故D正确。
31.A 考查介词短语。短语for the first time第一次；at any time随时；from time to time时而不时；in good time及时，迅速；因为情况紧急，所以我第一次亲自来到Rani的办公室。故A正确。
32.B 考查动词辨析。动词expect期待，预料；see看见；test检测；avoid避免；她看到了我的着急，Rani非常同情我，给了我安慰的笑容。动词see与上下文搭配一致。
33.B 考查形容词辨析。形容词shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的；她看到我很着急，笑着安慰我。故B正确。
34.C 考查上下文串联。根据30空可知我要预定回家的航班的机票，本句中Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。故C正确。
35.C 考查上下文串联。副词hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地；对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让我心存感激。故C项正确。
36.D 考查上下文串联。形容词careful细心的；serious严肃的，认真的；nervous紧张的；pleasant令人愉快的；现实生活中的Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方。是一个令人愉快的相处对象。所以当我转身时，看见的是与电话中完全不一样的Rani。故D项正确。
37.D 考查上下文串联。现实生活中的她是如此的体贴大方，而我之前却认为她很冷漠，甚至有了要另找代理的想法，我真是无话可说。说明电话中得到的印象有时很不准确。故D项正确。
38.B 考查上下文串联。在文章28空前“cold”以及前句“...she was cold”之前我因为Rani很冷漠，但却没有想到实际生活中的Rani是如此的美好善良。故B项正确。
39.C 考查名词辨析。名词forgiveness谅解；eagerness急切；friendliness友好；skillfulness熟练；从52-54空内容可知Rani对我非常友好善良，并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。故C项正确。
40.B 考查名词辨析。名词explanation解释；attitude态度；concept概念；behavior行为；Rani的善良友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B项指Rani接待我的友好的态度。故B项正确。
【名师点睛】
本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多，有一半左右的答案可以在上下文中找到。如【小题25】，根据第一段的描述，以及26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话，人们可以通过电话了解你。
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：
I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly.
A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion
【分析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。
考点：考查夹叙夹议类阅读
2.【2016·浙江】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分0）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be 21 him. I hated the place .I had never 22 been so unhappy . My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was 23 -almost 125 0F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)。 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was 26 and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I 27 be in prison! My father answered my 28 with just two lines-two lines that will always sing in my 29 - two lines that completely changed my life :
Two men looked out from prison bars
One saw the mud ,the other saw the stars
I read those two lines 30 I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 31 ; I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives,and their 32 amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists . I studied the delightful forms of the cactus .I watched for the desert sunsets,and 34 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean 35
What brought about this 36 change in me ? The desert hadn’t changed , 37 I had .I had changed my 38 And by doing so ,I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life . I was excited by this new world that I had discovered I had looked out of my self-created prison and 40 the stars
21. A. off B. behind C. near D. beyond
22. A. before B. already C. then D. still
23. A. inflexible B. incomprehensible C. uncontrollable D.unbearable
24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such
25. A. covered B. filled C. buried D. charged
26. A. catching up B. keeping up C. giving up D.getting up
27. A. ought to B. might well C. would rather D.had better
28. A.request B. call C. question D.letter
29. A. comparison B. imagination C. consideration D. memory
30. A. over and over B. by and by C. up and down D.now and then
31. A. company B. occupation C. situation D.relationship
32. A. movement B. reaction C. guidance D.purpose
33. A. refused B. failed C. managed D.happened
34. A. asked B. hunted C. waited D.headed
35. A. floor B. surface C. rock D.level
36. A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling D.astonishing
37. A. as B. but C. for D.or
38. A. attitude B. principle C. identity D.standard
39. A. vacation B. operation C. affair D. adventure
40. A. sought B. counted C. found D.reached
21.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文的I went to live there，可知，作者去住在丈夫的军营为了靠近丈夫。A.远离；B.在……后面；C.靠近；D.超过。故选C。
考点：考查介词辨析。
22.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.可知，作者以前从没有感觉这么不开心。A.以前；B.已经；C.然后；D.仍然。故选A。
考点：考查副词辨析。
23.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据almost 125F，可知炎热让人无法忍受。 A.不灵活的；B.无法理解的；C.不能控制的；D.不能忍受的。故选D。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
24.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文a desert和alone，可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B. 没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。
考点：考查副词辨析。
25.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文a desert可知，作者吃的食物，呼吸的空气都充满了沙子。A.覆盖；B.填满；C.埋葬；D.负责，要价。故选B。
考点：考查动词辨析。
26.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文coming back home，可知，作者写信给父母，告诉他们她要放弃。A.赶上； B. 维持； C. 放弃；D.起床。故选C。
考点：考查动词短语辨析。
27.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer，可知，我宁愿在监狱里。A.应该；B.不妨，最好；C.宁愿；D.最好。故选C。
考点：考查短语辨析。
28.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文I wrote to my parents，可知，作者的爸爸回复了作者的信，只有两行字。A.请求；B.电话；C.问题；D.信。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
29.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据句意：这两行字将永远在我记忆里唱响—这是永远改变我的生活的两行字。A.对比； B.想象；C.考虑；D.记忆。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
30.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文I was ashamed of myself.可知，作者一遍又一遍地读这两行字。A.一遍又一遍；B.不久；C. 上上下下； D. 不时。故选A。
考点：考查短语辨析。
31.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文I would look for the stars，可知，作者决定要发现现在的环境中好的东西。A.公司，陪伴；B.占据，职业；C.环境；D. 关系。故选C。
考点：考查名词辨析。
32.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists .可知，作者和当地人交朋友，他们的反应让作者很惊讶。A.运动；B.反应；C.指导； D.目的。故选B。
考点：考查名词辨析。
33.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据句意：他们给我最喜欢的艺术作品的礼物，这些作品是他们拒绝卖给游客的。A.拒绝；B.失败；C.设法完成；D.碰巧。故选A。
考点：考查动词辨析。
34.【答案】B
考点：考查动词辨析和短语搭配。
35.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文millions of years ago可知，几百万年前，沙漠曾经是海床。A. 地板；B.表面；C.岩石；D.水平。故选A。
考点：考查名词辨析。
36.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文two lines that completely changed my life :，可知，这里是：什么造成我这样令人惊讶的改变？A.令人震惊的；B.有挑战的；C.令人困惑的；D.令人惊讶的。故选D。
考点：考查形容词辨析。
37.【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：根据句意：沙漠没有改变，但是我变了。表示转折关系。A.正如，因为，随着；B.但是；C.因为；D.或者。故选B。
考点：考查连词辨析。
38.【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据下文I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing可知，虽然作者改变了自己的态度。A.态度；B.原则；C.身份；D.标准。故选A。
考点：考查名词辨析。
39.【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：根据上一段内容可知，作者将不愉快的经历变成最令人惊叹的人生冒险。A.假期；B.手术；C.事务；D.冒险。故选D。
考点：考查名词辨析。
40.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：根据上文I would look for the stars.可知，作者从自己创造的监狱向外看，发现了星星。A.寻找；B.数数，重要；C.发现；D.到达。故选C。
考点：考查动词辨析。
【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，这类文章首先要通读抓住故事发生的情节和作者想传达的中心思想。围绕主旨解答更有把握。故事内容体现了作者从父亲的简单的两行字中领悟到做人的道理。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。
做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力，领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。
1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。
这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。像这篇完型的23题用unbearable，因为下文明显出现了almost 125F，还有28题，上文的I wrote to my parents暗示这里是letter。40题是和上文的look for信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。
2. 逻辑推理。
逻辑推理是通过对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的理解从而推断出正确答案。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。逻辑推理题需要考生对上下文的理解全面把握，难度较大，考生不能将句子独立开，要注意一个句群，一个段落的整体理解。这篇文章逻辑推理的题较多。如24题，根据上文a desert和alone，可知这里用not合适；37题主要是上下文的逻辑关系，上文hadn’t changed和下文changed是转折关系。
3.固定搭配。
有的题目单单从四个选项不能看出差别，需要和横线的前后搭配，形成固定短语才能判断，如34题使用hunt for这个词组。
9.【2016·江苏】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were ___36 ,Kurt asked me, “ John, what is your 37 for personal growth?
Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might 38 for growth. I told him about the many activities in which I was 39 . And I went into a 40 about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt 41 patiently, but then he 42 smiled and said, “You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?”
“No, I 43 .
“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n) 44 process.”
And that’s when it 45 me. I wasn’t doing anything 46 to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the 47 : I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my 48 .
That night, I talked to my wife about my 49 with Kurt and what I had learned. I 50 her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We 51 that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a 52 for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.
Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 53 the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to 54 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a 55 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.
36. A. working
B. preparing
C. thinking
D. eating
37. A. suggestion
B. demand
C. plan
D. request
38. A. appeal
B. look
C. call
D. qualify
39. A. involved
B. trapped
C. lost
D. bathed
40. A. lecture
B. speech
C. discussion
D. debate
41. A. calculated
B. listened
C. drank
D. explained
42. A. eagerly
B. gradually
C. gratefully
D. finally
43. A. admitted
B. interrupted
C. apologized
D. complained
44. A. automatic
B. slow
C. independent
D. changing
45. A. confused
B. informed
C. pleased
D. hit
46. A. on loan
B. on purpose
C. on sale
D. on balance
47. A. comment
B. announcement
C. decision
D. arrangement
48. A. life
B. progress
C. performance
D. investment
49. A. contract
B. conversation
C. negotiation
D. argument
50. A. lent
B. sold
C. showed
D. offered
51. A. recalled
B. defined
C. recognized
D. declared
52. A. tool
B. method
C. way
D. rule
53. A. provide
B. buy
C. give
D. deliver
54. A. grow
B. survive
C. move
D. gather
55. A. difficult
B. random
C. firm
D. wise
【答案】36-40.DCDA B 41-45.BDAAD 46-50.BCABC 51-55. CCBAD
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于记叙文，如果我们要成功，就需要有详细的个人成长计划，在Kurt的影响之下，我和妻子在一起成长，取得了很好的个人成就。
38.D 考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要，需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。
39.A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与...；卷入...；be trapped in被困在...中；be lost in沉浸于...；be bathed in被 ... 笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。
40.B 考查名词辨析。名词lecture讲课，训话；speech演说，演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论；争论；我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。
41.B 考查上下文串联。动词calculate计算，估算；listen听；drink喝；explain解释；我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。
42.D 考查副词辨析。副词eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。
43.A 考查动词辨析。动词admit承认；interrupt打断；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；“Kurt笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”这是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。
44.A 考查形容词辨析。形容词automatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。BCD三项与语义不搭配。
45.D 考查动词辨析。动词confuse使...困惑；inform通知；please使...高兴；取悦；hit击中；打动；触动；Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。
46.B 考查介词辨析。介词on loan暂借，出借的；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。
47.C 考查上下文串联。根据文章55空It was a 55 decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。
48.A 考查上下文串联。名词life生活；progress进步；performance表现；investment投资；根据what is your 37 for personal growth?可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。BCD三项都属于A项的范围。故A正确。
49.B 考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。
50.C 考查动词辨析。动词lend借入；sell出售；show展示；offer提供；我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。
51.C 考查动词辨析。动词recall回忆；define定义；recognize意识到；认出；declare宣布；我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。
52.C 考查名词辨析。名词tool工具；method方法（通常和介词with连用）；way方法；rule规则；Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。
53. B 考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故B正确。
54. A 考查上下文串联。根据上文可知Kurt和我谈论的是个人成长的话题，我和妻子在他的影响下承诺共同成长，一起进步。故A正确。
55. D 考查上下文串联。根据后句：While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.可知我和妻子一起成长。说明他的资源对我们有很好的作用，我们做出的是一个明智的决定。故D项正确。
【名师点睛】
完形填空的首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；
以本文为例，作者在前两句中提及到时间：years ago，for breakfast；人物：I、Kurt说明叙述的是多年之前在吃早饭的时候，我和Kurt进行的一番对话。
另外完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。本文【小题38、39、46】均为词汇知识的辨析。
同时我们利用复现信息解题。语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
2015年高考试题
专题19 完形填空之夹叙夹议
１.【2015·浙江】完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)
中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford. I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now 21 on their way to impressive careers. By society’s 22 , they seem to have it made.
On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a 23 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with Longtime roommates, and 24 out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 25 a college year’s monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old car with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have 26 that despite their success, they aren’t happy. Some 27 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 28 . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 29 . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 30 to which they have so quickly become 31 .
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and 32 the end the idea of leaving, their jobs to work for something they 33 or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion; it’ s 34 . They have loans, bills, a mortgage（抵押贷款）to 35 , retirement to save for. They recognize there’s something 36 in their lives, but it’s 37 to step off the track.
In a society that tends to 38 everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our 39 in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs 40 in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.
21. A. much B. never C. seldom D. well
22. A. policies B. standards C. experiments D. regulations
23. A. last B. least C. second D. best
24. A. cycled B. moved C. slid D. looked
25. A. shared B. paid C. equaled D. collected
26. A. advertised B. witnessed C. admitted D. demanded
27. A. complain B. dream C. hear D. approve
28. A. distribute B. hate C. applaud D. neglect
29. A. calm B. guilty C. warm D. empty
30. A. family B. government C. lifestyle D. project
31. A. accustomed B. appointed C. unique D. available
32. A. yet B. also C. instead D. rather
33. A. let out B. turn in C. give up D. believe in
34. A. fundamental B. practical C. impossible D. unforgettable
35. A. take of B. drop off C. put off D. pay off
36. A. missing B. inspiring C. sinking D. shining
37. A. harmful B. hard C. useful D. normal
38. A. measure B. suffer C. digest D. deliver
39. A. disasters B. motivations C. campaigns D. decisions
40. A. assessed B. involved C. covered D. reduced
【解析】
试题分析：讲述作者大学毕业后在工作和生活体验中理解了成功的真正含义，指出“物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神的富足和幸福”这一价值趋向。
22.B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。 A. policies意为政策，B. standards意为标准，C. experiments意为实验，D. regulations意为规章制度。根据句意，以当前的标准来看，他们的确成功了。
23.A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. last意为最后的，B. least 意为最少的，C. second意为第二，D. best意为最好的。根据第21题不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选A。
24.B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. cycled意为骑车或循环，B. moved意为搬家，C. slid 意为滑落，D. looked意为看。根据第21题不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选A。
25.C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. shared意为分享，B. paid 意为支付，C. equaled意为等同，D. collected意为收集，They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 25 a college year’s monthly rent.句意是：生活好了，预订的房间里的酒价格等同于大学一个月的房租。
26. C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。 A. advertise意为广告，B. witnessed意为目击，C. admitted 意为承认，D. demanded意为要求。“The thing is, a number of them have 26 that despite their success, they aren’t happy.” 意为很多人承认，尽管他们很成功，但是很不开心。
27. A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. complain意为抱怨，B. dream意为梦想，C. hear 意为听到，D. approve意为证明。根据上一句的不开心，所以不难得出答案是抱怨。
28. B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. distribute意为分发，B. hate意为厌恶，C. applaud意为鼓掌，D. neglect意为忽略。根据上文的不开心和抱怨，不能得出答案是厌恶。
29. D 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. calm意为平静，B. guilty意为有罪的，C. warm意为温暖，D. empty意为空的，累的。根据前面的tired累不能得出答案。Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 29 。意为有些人不尊重他们工作的公司，说累。
30. C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. family意为家庭，B. government意为政府，C. lifestyle意为生活方式，D. project意为项目。前文提到很多都是生活，如学校生活，工作生活，结合语境不能得出答案是生活方式。
31. A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. accustomed意为习惯的，B. appointed意为指定的，C. unique意为独一无二的，D. available意为可利用的。“However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 30 to which they have so quickly become 31 . 意为“但是，不是全身心投入于工作，他们发现工作只是支持生活方式，而且慢慢他们已经对这种方式已经行习惯了。”
32. A 考查连词以及对语境的理解。A. yet意为但是，表转折，B. also 意为也，表递进，C. instead 意为代替，D. rather意为相反。此句是长难句。意为：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。根据句意，前后是转折的关系，所以选A。
33. D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. let out 意为发出，B. turn in意为上交，归还，C. give up 意为放弃，D. believe in意为相信。此句是长难句。意为：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。
34. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. fundamental意为基本的，B. practical意为实践的，C. impossible意为不可能的，D. unforgettable意为难忘的。此句是长难句。意为：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，但是最后，离开现在的工作去做一些他们相信或者是一种可以和家人在一起的职务的想法最终都得出一个这样的结论：这是不可能的。
35. D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. take of 意为起飞，B. drop off 意为减少，C. put off意为推迟，D. pay off意为支付。根据mortgage（抵押贷款）以及结合常识，不难得出答案。
36.A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. missing意为失去，B. inspiring意为鼓舞，C. sinking 意为沉没，D. shining意为闪亮。句意是为他们意识到，在生活中失去missing了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。根据句意不难得出答案。
37.B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. harmful 意为有害的，B. hard 意为困难的，C. useful意为有用的，D. normal意为正常的。句意是为他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难hard离开这个轨迹。根据句意不难得出答案。
38.A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. measure 意为衡量，B. suffer意为遭受，C. digest意为消化，D. deliver意为运送。句意为当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量measure所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。
39.D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. disasters 意为灾难，B. motivations意为动机，C. campaigns意为战役，D. decisions意为决定。句意为当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定decisions的经济代价。
40.B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. assessed意为评估，B. involved意为涉及，C. covered意为覆盖，D. reduced意为减少。Involved in 意为参与。句意为：那么，在追求钱高于意义的情况下，我们的参与的个人以及社会代价呢？
【考点定位】夹叙夹议的一篇文章
【名师点睛】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，没有生词，主要是考查上下文理解和单词理解。需要正确理解4个单词的选项，尤其要注意一些一词多义的地方。也要注意题目与题目直接的关系，如21题和24题；26，27和28题；32，33和34题。这是一项综合运用的能力，有时候也需要结合常识，如35题。
２.【2015·安徽】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41 .
Another cause is our 42 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 43 people, we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
36. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem
37. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products
38. A. face B. become C. observe D. change
39. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw
40. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of
41. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful
42. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division
43. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy
44. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends
45. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve
46. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes
47. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for
48. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger
49. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away
50. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences
51. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure
52. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands
53. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile
54. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of
55. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的威胁。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧物，用新物品取而代之。包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。
36. D 考查名词辨析。A答案；B原因；C项目；D问题。根据第二行“the world...”可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选D。
39. C 考查动词辨析。A躲藏；B控制；C代替；D撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，故选C。
40. A 考查短语辨析。A多亏；B至于；C除了；D不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多，故选A。
41. C 考查形容词辨析。A安全的；B滑稽的；C便宜的；D强有力的。根据“inexpensively”可知，成本降低的话，产品价格相对也会降低，故选C。
42. A 考查名词辨析。A爱；B缺少；C阻止；D划分。句意：另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱，故选A。
43. D 考查形容词辨析。A敏感的；B友好的；C勇敢的；D忙碌的。根据“we are aways looking for...”可知，人们总是在节省时间，说明人们很忙碌，故选D。
44. A 考查名词辨析。A方法；B地方；C工作；D朋友。a way to do sth做某事的方法，是固定搭配，故选A。
45. C 考查动词辨析。A捐赠；B收到；C生产；D保存。句意：企业生产大量的一次性产品，故选C。
46. D 考查动词辨析。A适应，改编；B返回；C回应；D做贡献。adapt to适应；return to返回，归还；respond to反应；contribute to为......做贡献，促成，有助于。句意：人们对新产品的欲望促成了这一问题，故选D。
47. B 考查短语辨析。A厌倦；B沉迷于；C担心；D感到羞耻。根据“appetite”可知，人们痴迷于购买新产品，故选B。
48. A 考查形容词比较级。A更新的；B更强壮的；C更高的；D更大的。句意：广告使人们相信新的更好，故选A。
49. D 考查动词短语。A捡起，学会，车接；B支付；C抓住，坚持；D扔掉。句意：人们扔掉自己的物品来为新的腾地方，故选D。
50. D 考查名词辨析。A有点，有利条件；B目的；C功能，作用；D后果。根据下句可知，这里指的是乱扔垃圾的后果，故选D。
51. C 考查动词辨析。A显示，展示；B记录；C减少；D测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾，故选C。
52. B 名词辨析。A技术；B环境；C消费者；D品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境，故选B。
53. A 考查副词辨析。A然而；B要不然；C因此；D同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的，故选A。
54. D 考查介词辨析。A通过；B支持；C在......之后；D代替，而不是。句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们，故选D。
55. C 考查动词辨析。A花费，度过；B收集；C修理；D宣传。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句“repairing...”可知答案，故选C。
【考点定位】社会类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本篇是一篇比较贴近生活的文章，讲的是一次性产品给环境造成的压力。文章还建议人们养成循环利用的习惯，一以此来减少垃圾的产生并减轻环境的压力。主要考查名词、动词、形容词和副词的词义和辨析。做题时需要联系前后句和上下文进解题，还要注意固定搭配。
３.【2015·湖南】Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
It was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be 36 , but in vain. my panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the 37 of my job as a music teacher, I thought -- teaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was 38 inside, I threw my voice as far as it would reach: "Put your heads on the desks and close your 39 ! We are going on a journey."
40 , the children fell silent. "Now what should I do?" I thought to myself. Reaching over to my collection of CDs, I blindly 41 , put it in the machine and played it.
Obediently (顺从地), my class lay their heads on their desk, closed their eyes and 42 . When the music started, the room as filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All the children were 43 . When the music finished, I asked them all to raise their 44 slowly so that we could share our musical journey.
At this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences, I began to learn how to 45 . The music allow me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the
46 and most of all, an understanding of each other. This was the power that 47 in the classroom could have.
36 A. glad B. safe C. kind D. quiet
37.A. end B. aim C. rule D. plan
38.A. guessing B. shaking C. responding D. laughing
39.A. eyes B. mouths C. books D. doors
40.A. Punctually B. Importantly C. Amazingly D. Obviously
41.A. passed one on B. gave one back C. turned one in D. took one out
42.A. slept B. nodded C. waited D. continued
43.A. talking B. singing C. dancing D. listening
44.A. legs B. heads C. arms D. shoulders
45.A. teach B. imagine C. play D. understand
46.A. unprepared B. unspoken C. unknown D. unforgotten
47.A. games B. music C. tears D. knowledge
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述了作者一次上音乐课的经历来告诉读者音乐的力量在于它使人们能够相互理解
36．D;考查形容词。根据第一段的开头：refused to settle for the start of the lesson.和第二段中的：the children fell silent!可知文章一开始作者试图开始上课但是教师太吵了。句意：我试了每一种方法让他们安静下来，但是只是徒劳无功。故选D
37．A;考查名词。根据后文的：I thought ——teaching was not for me.可知这是作者最后一次作为音乐老师上课。句意：这是我作为音乐老师最后一次上课，我觉得，教书不适合我。故选A。
38．B;考查动词。根据前文的：My panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly.可知此时作者的内心是生气地激动着但是毫无办法，他试图让学生不去发现他此时的内心的情绪排山倒海的激动，用shaking来表达作者内心难以平息的怒火。故选B
39．A;考查名词。根据第三段开头：my class lay their heads on their desk, closed their eyes…可知此时作者叫他的学生学生将头放在桌子上然后闭上眼睛，故选A
40．C;考查副词。A. Punctually准时地，如期地 B. Importantly重要地C. Amazingly令人惊讶地 D. Obviously明显地；可知作者无意识地做法让学生迅速地安静了下来，所以在此用amazingly表示惊讶，故选C
41．D;考查动词词组。A. passed one on传了一个B. Gave one back给了一个… C. Turned one in 转了一个D. took one out拿出一个；句意：触及到我的那些CD收藏，我盲目地取出一张，把它放进机器里然后它放出了声音。故选D
45．A;考查动词。根据前文：At this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences,可知学生们从开始的不愿响应作者到最后跟着作者一起参与其中，这让作者开始知道怎么教书了，故选A
46．C;考查形容词。A. unprepared为准备好的 B. unspoken无言的 C. unknown未知的 D. unforegotten难忘的；根据前文有the knowing已知的，又有and连接，可知横向上填unknown未知的，构成像前文tears and smiles那样的对比，形成对仗，故选C
47．B;考查名词。根据前文：The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the unknown and, most of all, an understanding of each other.可知这些都是音乐的好处，它让我们知道了分享和尊重，泪水和欢笑，已知与未知，最主要的是它让我们相互了解。所以最后一句作者旨在总结：这就是课堂音乐所拥有的力量
【考点定位】夹叙夹议的一篇文章
【名师点睛】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，没有生词，主要是考查上下文理解和单词理解。需要正确理解4个单词的选项，尤其要注意一些一词多义的地方。也要注意根据上下文的逻辑关系推断出各个选项的正确答案，如36，37题和39题；42，43和45题。这是一项综合运用的能力，有时候也需要结合常识，如38题和40题；41题和43题。
４.【2015·新课标全国II】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all 41 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead. I had the 43
of seeing this first hand on a 44 .
My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did well this season and so 45 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained. Through the first two games, her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best, 50 still defeated.
It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday. When they 52 for their Sunday game, they were 53 different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 . They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal.
It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.
41. A. public B. traditional C. official D. special
42. A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends
43. A. dream B. idea C. habit D. chance
44. A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square
45. A. won B. entered C. organized D. watched
46. A. painful B. strange C. common D. practical
47. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better
48. A. fans B. tutors C. class D. team
49. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D. missed
50. A. if B. or C. but D. as
51. A. girls B. parents C. coaches D. viewers
52. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned
53. A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. completely
54. A. seen B. known C. heard D. read
55. A. styles B. training C. game D. rules
56. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again
57. A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned
58. A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning
59. A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest
60. A. harmful to B. mixed with C. different from D. applied to
【解析】
试题分析：本文通过看女儿参加的一场足球锦标赛，给我们启发，学校里的学习很重要，但是亲身经历和实践是更好的学习和老师。
41. B考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. public公众的；B. traditional传统的；C. official官方的；D. special特别的; 我们通常会在学校向老师或朋友学习。根据常识可知，这里提到的应该是传统教育方式。故选B。
42. C考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. passes传递；B. works起作用；C. lies在于； D. ends结束。本句应该分析句子结构：the learning 后是定语从句you really want，所以这里所填的是做谓语的动词。真正想要的学习却不在上述的这些地方，在其他的地方。故选C。
43. D考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. dream梦想；B. idea想法；C. habit习惯；D. chance机会。根据下文的故事可知，我女儿的经历让我有机会看到了这样的学习。故选D。
44. C考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. trip旅行；B. holiday假期；C. weekend周末；D. square广场。从下文的周六的比赛会很艰苦和It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday.可知，是周末发生的事。故选C。
45. B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. won赢；B. entered进入；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。从下文可知，女儿所在的足球队打得好所以进入了锦标赛。故选B。
46. A考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. painful痛苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. common普通的；D. practical 实用的。由语境可知，对手比作者女儿的队better trained，可以推断这将是一场痛苦的比赛。故选A。
47. D考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. less少于；B. poorly差的；C. newly新的；D. better更好的。 根据常识可知，进入锦标赛的一般都是训练更好的队伍。故选D。
48. D考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. fans粉丝；B. tutors教练；C. class班；D. team队。根据上下文可知，是女儿所在的足球队没进球得分。故选D。
49. B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. imagined想象；B. hated不喜欢； C. avoided避免；D. missed想念，错过。作为家长，一般都不会喜欢看自己的孩子尽力了，又要输。故选B。
50. C考查连词以及对语境的理解。A. if 如果；B. or或者；C. but但是；D. as因为。根据上文可知，没进球，自己的孩子尽力了却要输，这是作为家长所不愿意看到的。表转折，故选C。
51. A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. girls女孩；B. parents家长；C. coaches教练；D. viewers观众。本文一直在说女儿，当然应该是说女孩子们的变化。故选A。
52. B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. dressed给……穿衣服；B. showed up出现；C. made up编造；D. planned计划。从下文可知，周日和周六的表现完全不同。故选B。
53. D考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. slightly轻微地；B. hardly几乎不；C. basically基本地；D. completely完全地；根据后面文章可知，这些孩子们表现和之前完全不同，completely符合语境。选C。
54. A考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. seen看；B. known 知道；C. heard听到；D. read读。她们把她们亲眼所看到的球队的打法运用到自己的比赛中。故选A。
55. C考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. styles风格；B. training 训练；C. game比赛；D. rules规则。她们把前一天在赛场上看到的打法和团队精神运用到自己的赛场上。所以才和以前不同。故选C。
58. D考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. touching接触；B. thinking思考；C. encouraging鼓励；D. learning学习。和另一个队比赛也是一个很好的学习的机会。和文章的开头相呼应。故选B。
59. A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Experience经历；B. Independence独立；C. Curiosity好奇；D. Interest兴趣。结合全文的意思可知，经历是最好的老师。故选A。
60. C考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. harmful to对……有伤害；B. mixed with混合；C. different from不同；D. applied to应用于。亲身体验得到的东西和在学校里学到的可能不同，但是更有个性有意义。故选C。
【考点定位】教育类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的短文。这样的短文是大多数考生难以把握的。不过，这样的文章通常在开头和结尾处点睛，评论。中间叙事。以第三人称的形式转述，一定会有个人的观点包括在内。所以考生要认真分析是什么事引发了怎样的思考或评论，即事件和议论是两条线。另外平时多做多分析一些这类题会有很大的帮助。
2014年高考试题
【2014·天津卷】 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 然后从16-35各题所给A,B,C,D的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
One night, when I was eight , my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie, my company wants to 16 me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling that you’ve done 17 and allowing you to skip a grade(跳级), but you’ll have to 18 your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher?” She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me 19 for the rest of the night I had said “yes” but for the first time, I realized the 20 decisions adults had to make.
For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening I’d 21 wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call, however, could never replace her 22 and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.
During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large 23 apartment, I became 24 how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then 25 I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on 26 family and work. 27 difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldn’t know whether you make the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with passion and a 28 attitude.
Back home , I 29 myself that what my mother could do, I could, too. If she 30 to live in Rio all by herself, I, too, could learn to be 31 . I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable 32.
My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the 33 has really taught me. Sacrifices 34 in the end. The separation between us has proved to be 35 for me.
【小题1】A. attract B. promote C. surprise D. praise
【小题2】A. little B. much C. well D. wrong
【小题3】A. leave B. refuse C. contact D. forgive
【小题4】A. explaining B. sleeping C. wondering D. regretting
【小题5】A. poor B. timely C. final D. tough
【小题6】A. eagerly B. politely C. nervously D. curiously
【小题7】A. patience B. presence C. intelligence D. Influence
【小题8】A. Comfortable B. Expensive C. Empty D. Modern
【小题9】A. Interested in B. aware of C. doubtful D. satisfied with
【小题10】A. when B. where C. which D. that
【小题11】A. abandoning B. balancing C. comparing D. mixing
【小题12】A. Depending on B. supplied with C. Faced with D. Insisting on
【小题13】A. different B. friendly C. positive D. general
【小题14】A. criticized B. informed C. warned D. reminded
【小题15】A. managed B. offered C. attempted D. expected
【小题16】A. grateful B. energetic C. independent D. practical
【小题17】A. examples B. limits C. rules D. goals
【小题18】A. question B. experience C. history D. occasion
【小题19】A. pay off B. come back C. run out D. turn up
【小题20】A. blessing B. gathering C. failure D. pleasure
【答案】
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【小题5】D
【小题6】A
【小题7】B
【小题8】C
【小题9】B
【小题10】D
【小题11】B
【小题12】C
【小题13】C
【小题14】D
【小题15】A
【小题16】C
【小题17】D
【小题18】B
【小题19】A
【小题20】A
【文章大意】
本文是篇记叙文。通过我在小时候与妈妈分开的一段经历，懂得做决定的艰难，理解了妈妈工作的辛苦，学会了自立自强， 磨难分离有时会让人坚强。那要看我们用一种怎样的心态来对待了。如果我们学会用积极、乐观感恩的心来面对的话，那就说明我们真得长大了。
【小题1】B。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。我的公司想要提拔我。但是必须要我到巴西去工作。此处A.吸引；B.提拔；C.使……吃惊；D.表扬。根据后面的例子说做得好老师建议跳级可知，选B。
【小题2】C。考查副词辨析以及对语境的理解。这就好像你的老师告诉你你做得很好，允许你跳级一样。此处A.少；B.多；C.好；D.错误。根据语境可知，应该是好才会允许跳级。故选C。
【小题3】A。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。但是你得离开你的朋友们，你会同意你的老师吗？此处A.离开；B.拒绝；C.联系；D.原谅。根据后文作者离开妈妈可知选A。
【小题4】C。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。这个问题让我想了一晚上。A.解释；B.睡觉；C. 想知道、惊讶；D. 后悔。后面说“Yes”可知，这里作者思量一晚上，和这个意思接近的只有C。故选C。
【小题7】B。考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。根据常识可知，但是，一个电话取代不了她在家。所以难免有时会感觉到孤独。此处A.耐心；B.在场；C.聪明智慧；D.影响。故选B。
【小题8】C。考查形容词辨析以及对语境的理解。在我四年级圣诞节放假休息期间，我们飞到里约去看她。看着她大大的空空的公寓。下文说妈妈孤独，所以说她的住处大显得空空的。此处A.舒服的；B.昂贵的；C.空的；D.现代的。故选C。
【小题9】B。考查关系词辨析以及对语境的理解。身临其境，再想想自己的感受可知，我知道了妈妈一个人在巴西该是多么地孤独。A.感兴趣；B.知道；C.怀疑；D.满意。become aware of 知道。故选B。
【小题10】D。考查固定句式以及对语境的理解。就在那时我才开始感激妈妈。此处A. 当……的时候； B.在哪里；C.哪一个；D.那。这里是强调句式：It was …that 。故选D。
【小题11】B。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。到那时我才开始感激妈妈在权衡家庭和工作时所面临的艰难的抉择。一边是亲情，一边是好的工作结合，二者不可兼得，要做选择一定很难。此处A.放弃；B.平衡；C.对比；D.混合。故选B。
【小题12】C。考查动词短语辨析以及对语境的理解。到那时我才开始感激妈妈在权衡家庭和工作时所面临的艰难的抉择。摆在妈妈目前的问题是好的工作机会，但是又要和家人分开。A.依靠；B.供给；C.面对；D.坚持。故选C。
【小题13】C。考查形容词辨析以及对语境的理解。根据后面的改变可知，但是你总是能在处境中选择最好，用一种激情和积极的态度。此处A.不同的；B.友好的；C.积极的；D.一般的。故选C。
【小题14】D。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。回到家，我提醒自己。此处A.批评；B.通知；C.警告；D.提醒。代入四个选项分析可知，选D。
【小题15】A。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。如果妈妈能做的，我也能。此处A.管理；B.提供；C.尝试；D.期待。manage to do 设法做成。故选A。
【小题16】C。考查形容词辨析以及对语境的理解。如果她能一个人在里约生活，我也能学会一个人独立。此处A.感激的；B.精力充沛的；C.独立的；D.实用的。作者要以妈妈喂榜样。故选C。
【小题17】D。考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。我学会了照顾自己，制定了高但却是可以达到的目标。此处A.例子；B.限制；C.规则；D.目标。应该是制定学习目标。故选D。
【小题18】B。 考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。我的妈妈现在回来了。但是我永远不会忘记这段经历教给我的。此处A.问题；B.经历；C.历史；D.场合。本文讲述的就是一段往事。故选B。
【小题19】A。考查动词短语辨析以及对语境的理解。有舍才有得。有牺牲就一定会得到回报。此处A.得到回报；B.回来；C.用完；D.出现、调大。故选A。
【小题20】A。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。我们之间的离别证明对我而言是一种赐福。此处.A.赐福；B.聚集；C.失败；D.快乐。这是作者积极的人生态度，和全文一致。故选A。
考点：故事类阅读。
【2014·安徽卷】完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 2012, I had just recovered form a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 .
Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I 38 to catch a taxi to my 39 and settle in. Next morning, I took another 40 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs. 41 I went to a cafe to have lunch, but all the tables were 42 . Then I heard a friendly voice saying, "You can 43 my table."
I gratefully sat down with the 44 lady and we had a happy lunch together. As the 45 drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. I had already told her that I hadn't 46 a car, and hadn't realised how 47 taking taxis would he, After a while she said, "My dear, don't use any more taxis. I'm retired and it would be my pleasure to 48 you wherever you wish." I told her that I couldn't put her to that 49 ,but she brushed aside my protests (反对)。She asked me where I was 50 and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the 51 time to take me to Disney World. She spent some time with me before leaving me to 52 alone. At the end of the day, she 53 to take me back to my accommodation. I 54 her money but she refused to take any.
I'll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
【小题1】A. holiday B. ceremony C. operation D. experiment
【小题2】A. kept B. went C. dropped D. knocked
【小题3】A. intended B. promised C. managed D. deserved
【小题4】A. hospital B. company C. university D. accommodation
【小题5】A. colleague B. passenger C. suitcase D. taxi
【小题6】A. Instead B. First C. Later D. Once
【小题7】A. classified B. occupied C. decorated D. painted
【小题8】A. share B. reserve C. set D. possess
【小题9】A. old B. poor C. innocent D. stubborn
【小题10】A. journey B. meal C. speech D. interview
【小题11】A. donated B.repaired C. hired D. guided
【小题12】A.convenient B. worthwhile C. unfortunate D. expensive
【小题13】A.inspire B. entertain C. call D. drive
【小题14】A.business B. argument C. trouble D. challenge
【小题15】A.working B. staying C. moving D. shopping
【小题16】A.appointed B.limited C. favourite D. regular
【小题17】A. digest B. explore C.perform D. calculate
【小题18】A.forgot B. refused C. returned D.preferred
【小题19】A.sent B.lent C. offered D. owed
【小题20】A.confidence B. dignity C.curiosity D. kindness
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【小题5】D
【小题6】C
【小题7】B
【小题8】A
【小题9】A
【小题10】B
【小题11】C
【小题12】D
【小题13】D
【小题14】C
【小题15】B
【小题16】A
【小题17】B
【小题18】C
【小题19】C
【小题20】D
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述作者到佛罗里达开会度假，在一个咖啡店遇到一个老太太，这个老太太不仅让作者和她共用一个餐桌，而且主动提出用车送他，第二天她果然这么做了，作者非常感动，这次旅行给他留下深刻的影响。
【小题2】B考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.保持，保留，B.去，C.扔，掉落，D.敲，因为作者从病中恢复，现在有机会度假，所以他就去了，这里使用了词组go off出发，keep off不要践踏,drop off中途下客卸货，knock off撞掉，所以选B。
【小题3】C考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.打算，意图，B.答应，许诺，C.设法，管理，D.值得，应该得到，根据上文的：Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring,可知到达这个阳光之州是非常疲劳的，但是我还是设法赶上了一辆出租车，到我的目的地，安定下来，manage to do设法成功的做了……，所以选C。
【小题4】D考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.医院，B.公司，C.大学，D. 住处，适应，便利，和解，因为作者是来开会的，所以是到达住处，根据下文的句子At the end of the day, she 53 to take me back to my accommodation.也可以知道答案，所以选D。
【小题5】D考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.同事，B.乘客，C.箱子，D.出租车，根据上文，but I 38 to catch a taxi to my 39 可知作者是乘出租车到达住处的，第二天乘了另外一辆出租车去超市买了一些纪念品，所以选D。
【小题6】C考查副词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.相反，B.首先，C.后来，D.一旦，这里表示作者的行程，先去买了纪念品，后来去咖啡店吃午饭，所以选C。
【小题7】B考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.分类，B.占据，C.装饰，D.粉刷，根据表示转折的连词but和下文的内容，Then I heard a friendly voice saying, "You can 43 my table."可知这里的桌子都被占据了，所以选B。
【小题8】A考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.分享，共用，B.保留，C.设置，D.拥有，根据下文的内容，I gratefully sat down with the 44 lady and we had a happy lunch together.可知一个友好的声音邀请作者共用一个桌子，所以选A。
【小题9】A考查形容词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.老的，B.穷的，C.天真的，无知的，D.固执的，根据下文的：I’m retired 可知这是一个老太太，所以选A。
【小题10】B考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.旅行，B.一餐，C.演讲，D.采访，面试，根据上文we had a happy lunch together.可知作者在咖啡店和老太太共用一个桌子吃午饭，这里表示在饭快吃完的时候，所以选B。
【小题11】C考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.捐赠，B.修理，C.租用，D.带领，根据上文Next morning, I took another 40 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.可知作者是乘坐出租车的，所以没有雇佣一辆汽车，所以选C。
【小题12】D考查形容词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.方便，B.值得，C.不幸的，D.昂贵的，根据下文的内容， I 54 her money but she refused to take any. 这个老太太用自己的车送作者，而作者想给她钱,所以作者认为乘出租车是贵的，所以选D。
【小题13】D考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.激励，B.娱乐，C.叫，打电话，D.驾驶，用车送，根据上文："My dear, don't use any more taxis.老太太让作者不要乘出租车了，可知她愿意用车送作者到任何地方，所以选D。
【小题14】C考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.生意，B.争论，C.麻烦，D.挑战，根据上文，it would be my pleasure to 48 you wherever you wish.可知老太太愿意用车送作者到任何地方，作者不想这么麻烦她，所以选C。
【小题15】B考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A工作，B.停留，C.移动，搬家，D.购物，根据下文：next morning she was waiting at my apartment第二天老太太等在作者公寓门口，所以是问作者住在什么地方，表示临时的逗留在…地方，用stay，所以选B。
【小题16】A考查形容词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.约定的，B.有限的，C.最喜欢的，D.定期的，根据上文可知作者在前一天和老太太有约定，所以选A。
【小题17】B考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.消化，咀嚼，B.探索，C表现，表演，D.计算，估计，这句话的意思是：她花了一些时间和我在一起，然后才让我一个人探索迪斯尼乐园，所以选B。
【小题18】C考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.忘记，B.拒绝，C.回来，归还，D.更喜欢，根据上文，She spent some time with me before leaving me to 52 alone.老太太将作者一个人留在迪斯尼乐园探索，晚上又回来将他带回到住处，所以选C。
【小题19】C考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.送，B.借出，C.提供，给，D.欠，因为老太太用车送作者来回，作者给她钱但是她拒绝接受，使用了offer sb. sth.给某人某物，所以选C。
【小题20】D考查名词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.自信，B.尊严，C.好奇，D.好意，根据整个文章可知老太太对于作者的善举让作者的假期充满了美好的记忆，所以选D。
考点：考查故事类完型填空。
【2014·全国新课标I】完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this ____41____at work in people of all _____42____. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about ___43____with their new toys. But their ___44_____soon wear off and by January those_____45____toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of_____46____stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s ____47_____interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child____48____bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the___49____of caring the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescent enter high school with great____50___but soon looking forward to_____51___. The same is true of the young adults going to the college. And then, how many____52_____, who complain about the long drives to work, ____53_____drove for hours at a time when they first_____54____ their drivers licenses? Before people retire, they usually ___55____to do a lot of___56__things, which never had __57___while working. But ____58____after retirement, the golfing, the fishing , the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they ___59____. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new____60_____.
【小题1】A.principle B.habit C.way D.power
【小题2】A.parties B.races C.countries D.ages
【小题3】A.working B.living C.playing D.going
【小题4】A.confidence B.interest C.anxiety D.sorrow
【小题5】A.same B.extra C.funny D.expensive
【小题6】A.well-organized B.colorfully-printed C.newly-collected D.half-filled
【小题7】A.broad B.passing C.different D.main
【小题8】A.silently B.impatiently C.gladly D.worriedly
【小题9】A.promise B.burden C.right D.game
【小题10】A.courage B.calmness C.confusion D.excitement
【小题11】A.graduation B.independence C.responsibility D.success
【小题12】A.children B.students C.adults D.retirees
【小题13】A.carefully B.eagerly C. nervously D.bravely
【小题14】A.required B.obtained C.noticed D.discovered
【小题15】A.need B.learn C.start D.plan
【小题16】A.great B.strange C.difficult D.correct
【小题17】A.time B.money C.skills D.knowledge
【小题18】A.only B.well C.even D.soon
【小题19】A.lost B.choose C.left D.quit
【小题20】A.pets B.toys C.friends D.colleagues
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】B
【小题5】A
【小题6】D
【小题7】B
【小题8】C
【小题9】B
【小题10】D
【小题11】A
【小题12】C
【小题13】B
【小题14】B
【小题15】D
【小题16】A
【小题17】A
【小题18】D
【小题19】C
【小题20】B
【解析】
【试题分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一旦我们的各种活动成为我们日常生活必须做的事情时，无论是哪个年龄段的人都会感到无聊而半途而废了。接下来具体说明了从小孩子、到青少年、再到成年人、到老人都会有这种情况出现。
【小题3】C。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，在圣诞节的早晨，孩子们兴奋地玩他们的新玩具。此处working工作；living和…一起生活；playing 玩；going去。短语 play with的意思是玩弄……。故选C。
【小题4】B。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。根据语境可知，但是孩子们对这些玩具的兴趣很快就越来越少了。此处confidence自信；interest兴趣；anxiety焦虑；sorrow悲伤。故选B。
【小题5】A考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。到一月份可以发现同样的那些玩具就被放在了地下室里。此处same相同的；extra额外的；funny好玩的；expensive贵的。the same同一个的，说明还没持续几天兴趣就没了。故选A。
【小题6】D。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。这个世界充满了装了一半的集邮册和为完成的模型，此处well-organized 组织好的；colorfully-printed涂得五颜六色的；newly-collected新收集来的；half-filled完成一半的。这里又是一个不能把兴趣保持下去的例子。所以最佳选D。
【小题7】B。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。每一个都如一个立在那里的纪念碑来纪念某个人短暂的兴趣。此处broad宽的；passing短暂的；different 不同的；main主要的。如果知道passing的意思是短暂的。那么选B就很容易了。
【小题8】C。考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。当父母带回家一只宠物，他们的孩子高高兴兴地给它洗澡、给它刷毛。此处silently安静地；impatiently 不耐烦地；gladly高兴地；worriedly担心地。小孩子对宠物很感兴趣，所以选C最能表达这里的意思。
【小题9】B。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。然而，很快照顾动物的责任就交给父母。此处promise承诺；burden负担、责任；right权利；game游戏。如果兴趣变成了每天必做的是，孩子就坚持不下去了。当然照顾宠物的责任就由父母来承担了。
【小题10】D。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。青少年进入高中时很激动。此处courage勇气；calmness平静； confusion 混淆；excitement激动。根据常识可知，一开始进入新环境人们应该是兴奋、激动的。故选D。
【小题11】A。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。但是很快就盼着毕业了。此处graduation毕业；independence独立；responsibility责任；success成功。但是有的人不能坚持，过不久就盼着毕业离开了。只有A符合语境。
【小题12】C。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。前面根据年龄提到小孩子、十多岁的青少年、青年人。接下来应该说成年人了。成年人抱怨要开好长时间的车去上班。此处children孩子们；students学生；adults成年人；retirees退休人员。故选C。
【小题13】B。考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。和前面的人们一样，他们一开始拿到驾驶证时多么渴望一次开上几个小时。此处carefully小心地；eagerly渴望地、急切地；nervously紧张地；bravely勇敢地。故选B。
【小题14】B。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。他们一开始拿到驾驶证时多么渴望一次开上几个小时。此处required需要；obtained获得；noticed注意；discovered发现。只有B符合语境。
【小题15】D。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。在退休前人们经常计划着做很多的事。此处need需要；learn学；start开始；plan计划。对未来生活的憧憬应该用plan更合适。故选D。
【小题16】A。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。在退休前人们经常计划着做很多伟大的事。此处great 伟大的；strange奇怪的；difficult困难的；correct正确的。结合前面的例子可知，自己以前没有做成的事，一开始总是觉得很伟大，很了不起。故选A。
【小题17】A。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。这些事在工作期间都没有时间去做。此处time时间；money钱；skills技能；knowledge知识。等到退休了再去做，应该是以前忙于工作而没有时间做。故选A。
【小题18】D。考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。但是退休后不久，打高尔夫、钓鱼、读书和所有其他的消遣方式都变得无聊了。此处only仅仅；well好；even甚至；soon不久。这里表达兴趣一旦变成每天必须做的事时，老人也一样难以坚持。故选D。
【小题19】C。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。这些想做的事就像他们离开的工作一样变得索然无味了。此处lost失去；chose选择；left剩下、离开；quit停止。leave work 离开工作岗位。故选C。
【小题20】B。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。就像那个一月的孩子一样，他们又去寻找新的玩具了。此处pets宠物；toys玩具；friends朋友；colleagues同事。和一开始的例子一样。说明老人和小孩子一样没有长性。把老人比作孩子，那孩子玩的东西就是玩具了。故选B。
考点：日常生活类阅读。
【2014·浙江卷】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项中（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
I had worried myself sick over Simon’s mother coming to see me.I was a new 21 , and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. In Simon’s case, the grades were awfully low. He couldn’t read his own handwriting. 22 he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his 23 .
So when Simon’s mother entered the room, my palms(手掌心) were sweating. I was completely 24 for her lisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you,” she said, surprising me beyond speech. 25 me, Simon had become a different person. He talked of how he 26 me, he had began to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had 27 spent an afternoon at a friend’s house. She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the 28 I had nurtured(培养) in her son. She kissed me again and left.
I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, 29 what had just happened. How did I make such a life-changing difference to that boy without 30 knowing it? What I finally came to 31 was one day, several months before, when some students were 32 reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke 33 , and to encourage her to raise her voice, L had sai, “Speak up. Simon’s the expert on this. He is the 34 one you have to convince, and he can’t hear you in the 35 of the room.” That was it. From that day on, Simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention, 36 more, and became happy. And it was all because he 37 to be the last kid in the last row. The boy who most needed 38 was the one who took the last seat that day.
It taught me the most 39 lesson over the years of my teaching career, and I’m thankful that it came 40 and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference.
【小题1】 A. cleaner B. reporter C. monitor D. teacher
【小题2】A. Or B. And C. But D. So
【小题3】 A. courage B. abilities C. feelings D. dream
【小题4】 A. desperate B. responsible C. unprepared D. unsuitable
【小题5】 A. Because of B. In spite of C. Apart from D.As for
【小题6】 A. loved B. envied C. pleased D. criticized
【小题7】 A. gradually B. constantly C. recently D. obviously
【小题8】A. self-respect B. self-doubt C. self-pity D. self-defence
【小题9】 A. imagining B. observing C. wondering D. regretting
【小题10】 A. also B. even C. always D. still
【小题11】 A. expect B. remember C. believe D. accept
【小题12】 A. writing B. reviewing C. editing D. giving
【小题13】 A. quietly B. repeatedly C. quickly D. firmly
【小题14】 A. lucky B. lonely C. only D. likely
【小题15】 A. entrance B. middle C. front D. back
【小题16】 A. slept B. smiled C. shouted D. quarreled
【小题17】 A. intended B. pretended C. refused D. happened
【小题18】 A. change B. praise C. thanks D. visits
【小题19】 A. difficult B. painful C. valuable D. enjoyable
【小题20】A. early B. slowly C. frequently D. occasionally
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【小题5】A
【小题6】A
【小题7】C
【小题8】A
【小题9】C
【小题10】B
【小题11】B
【小题12】D
【小题13】A
【小题14】C
【小题15】D
【小题16】B
【小题17】D
【小题18】B
【小题19】C
【小题20】A
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个新老师，因为偶然的一句表扬，改变了一个成绩很差的孩子的性格和命运。足可见老师的话对学生有多么重要。老师教给学生知识，而最重要的是通过给孩子鼓励和信心而形式积极的人生观。
【小题3】B。 考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。 他的作业丝毫不能反映他的能力。此处A.勇气；B.能力；C.感情；D.梦想。In no way一点也不。根据常识分析应该选B。
【小题4】C。 考查形容词辨析以及对语境的理解。 当Simon的妈妈进来时，我对她亲吻我的脸颊没有准备（没想到）。此处A. 令人绝望的；B.负责任的；C. 毫无准备的；D. 不合适的。 一开始文章就说Simon的妈妈要来学校她很担心，因为作者对他的印象不好。故选C。
【小题5】A。考查短语辨析以及对语境的理解。因为我的原因，Simon完全变了一个人。 此处A.因为；B.尽管；C.除了……之外；D.至于。根据后文可知选A。
【小题6】A。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。他说道他是多么地爱我，12年来第一次他开始交朋友。此处A.爱；B.嫉妒；C.使高兴；D.批评。根据后面的回想可知，作者的无心夸奖使Simon改变了。
【小题7】C。考查副词辨析以及对语境的理解。最近他在一个朋友的家里呆了一下午。此处A.渐渐地；B.不断地；C.最近；D.明显地。代入选项分析语境可知，选C。
【小题8】A。考查名词词辨析以及对语境的理解。她想告诉我她对我培养了她儿子的自尊心这件事是多么地感激。 此处A.自尊；B.自我怀疑；C.自怜；D.自我防御。要根据妈妈所描述的Simon的变化选择。
【小题9】C。 考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。我在那里呆坐了近一个小时，想知道究竟是怎么一回事。A.想象；B.观察；C.想知道；D.后悔。作者是无意说的话 。所以不知道究竟是哪一件事。故选C。
【小题10】B。考查副词以及对语境的理解。我自己甚至都不知道我对这个男孩产生了改变人生的影响。 此处A. 也； B.甚至；C.总是；D.仍然。根据前面作者的呆坐苦想可知选B。
【小题11】B。考查动词辨析以及对语境的理解。有一天我终于渐渐地记起那件事。 此处A.期待；B.记住；C.相信；D.接受。反复思考的结果应该是想起了。故选B。
【小题12】D。考查动词短语辨析以及对语境的理解。 几个月前，当一些学生正在全班同学面前做报告时，此处A.写；B.回顾、检查；C.编辑；D.给。give a speech 作报告，故选D。
【小题13】A。考查副词辨析以及对语境的理解。 Jeanne说得声音很轻，为了鼓励他，我说：大声说。Simon是这方面的专家呢。此处A.静静地；B.反复地；C.快速地；D.紧紧地.结合后面可知Jeanne说话的声音很轻，与A的意思最接近。
【小题14】C。考查形容词辨析以及对语境的理解。他是唯一一个你要说服的人。此处A.幸运的；B.孤独的；C.唯一的；D.很可能。根据后面的it was all because he happen to be the last seat in the last row. 可知，选C。
【小题15】D。考查名词辨析以及对语境的理解。坐在教室后面他听不到你说。此处A.入口；B.中间；C.前面；D.后面。下文有Simon碰巧是最后一排的最后一个孩子。故选D。
【小题19】C。考查形容词短语辨析以及对语境的理解。这件事给我这么多年的教学生涯上了最宝贵的一课。 此处A.困难的；B.痛苦的；C.有价值的；D. 令人愉快的。代入四个选项分析可知，最佳选C。
【小题20】A。考查副词辨析以及对语境的理解。它来得早又很积极。此处.A.早地；B.慢慢地；C.经常；D.偶尔。在文章开头作者说自己是个新老师。所以选A。
考点：故事类阅读。
完形填空之议论文和说明文类
2018年高考题（无）
2017年高考题（无）
2016年高考题
【2016·上海】Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.
Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.
Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike
52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme
53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise
54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above
55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging
56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply
57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression
58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male
59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing
60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating
61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared
62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally
63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure
64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene
65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness
【答案】51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. B 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. C
61. B 62. B 63. D 64. A 65. C
【解析】
52.A 考查上下文串联。短语to the contrary相反的；to the degree在某种程度上；to the extreme走向极端；在文章第一段中提到了X理论，大多数人都缺乏进取心和责任心，不愿对人和事负责，没有什么雄心壮志，不喜欢负责任，宁可被领导。而Y理论认为大多数人愿意对工作、对他人负责，人们愿意实行自我管理和自我控制来完成应当完成的目标。这是两种完全相反的理论，尽管对于这两种完全相反的理论有很多的证据，很多管理人仍然同意X理论。故A正确。
53.B 考查上下文串联。本句中for example表示举例说明；这些管理人仍然同意X理论，例如他们认为如果要员工效率高，就需要给与他们不断的监督。这属于X理论的举例说明。故B正确。
54.D 考查上下文串联。根据后句“...makes for authoritarian managers....”可知这属于专制的管理方法，他们的决定是来自上而下的，没有任何商量的余地。故D项“above上面的”正确。
57.A 考查上下文串联。名词agreement同意；practice练习，做法；election选举；impression印象；亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同的协议基础之上的，西方人也想学习这样的管理方法。故A正确。
58.D 考查上下文串联。根据前半句“....women will become more effective managers than men....”可知有些专家认为女性比男性管理更高效。因为女性更有亲和力，比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标。故D正确。
59.A 考查上下文串联。根据前句“... encourage employees to use their own initiative...鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神”，也就是说在做出决定的时候不要请示上级经理，自己做出决定即可。故A项正确。
60.C 考查上下文串联。根据前句“the trend towards downsizing缩小规模的趋势”，也就是要减少管理层的数量，可以直接做出决定而不需要请示上级。故动词“reduce减少”符合上下文串联。
61.B 考查短语辨析辨析。动词be honored with被授予；be left with留下，剩下；be crowded with挤满；be compared with与..相比；通过这种方法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人。省略了很多中央环节，提高了管理的效益。故B正确。
62.B 考查副词辨析。副词economically经济地；traditionally传统地；inadequately不充分地；occasionally偶尔地；根据后句“Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management...”可知授权管理是一个新型的管理方法，与传统的管理模式不一样。故B正确。
63.D 考查动词辨析。动词deny否认；admit承认；assume假定，设想；ensure保证，确保；授权管理是一种新型的管理方法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被采用。根据句意可知D正确。
64.A 考查上下文串联。形容词virtual虚拟的；ineffective低效的；day-to-day日常的；on-the-scene现场的；根据后句“where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses”可知在这种新型的管理方法中，人们都是通过邮件和网络联系，说明这种一种新型通过虚拟网络进行的管理方法。故A正确。
【名师点睛】
本篇完形填空对于上下文串联及词汇的复现进行了集中考查，占到了三分之二。由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，因此在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词，考生可以根据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
如本文57题考查上下文串联。亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同的协议基础之上的，西方人也想学习这样的管理方法。故A项名词“agreement同意、协议”正确。
考点：考查说明文阅读
2015年高考试题议论文类
【2015·广东】完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.
Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!
When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.
People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.
On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.
As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.
1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered
2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely
3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately
4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately
5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier
6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing
7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure
8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value
9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases
10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet
11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases
12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices
13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement
14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission
15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是人的寿命是有限的，但是随着社会的发展，生活水平的提高，人们的寿命比以前更长了，而且老龄化已经成为了社会的一个趋势。我们的社会需要这些老年人们继续保持积极的心态，为社会做贡献。
2.D考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而110岁可能是人们希望能活的最长的寿命-如果他非常的健康和幸运。completely 完全地；generally 一般地；apparently 显然地；extremely极其，非常。根据句意可知，如果一个人非常的健康而且很幸运，人们希望能活到110岁。故选D。
3.C考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而我们的细胞不会一直无止境的再生。rapidly 快速地；harmlessly 无害地；endlessly 无止境的；separately 分离地，分开地。根据文意可知，因为人体的细胞不会无止境的再生，因此人的寿命是有限的。因此应选C。
4.A考查副词及语境的理解。句意：他们（细胞）慢慢消耗尽，结果我们就会变老最终死亡。eventually 最终；hopelessly 没有希望地；automatically 自动地；desperately绝望地，自暴自弃地。根据句意可知选A。
5.B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：尽管我们不能永久的活着，我们的寿命比以前是更长了。busier 更忙的；longer 更长的；richer 更富有的；happier更开心的。根据这一段的内容可知，现在人的寿命比以前更长了。故选B。
8.A考查动词及语境的理解。句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来。survive 幸存；enjoy 喜欢，欣赏；remember 记得；value价值，估价。根据这一段的内容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选A。
9.D考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。problems 问题；fears 恐惧，害怕；worries 担心；diseases 疾病。根据句意可知，以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低。故选D。
10.B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理。poor 穷的；young 年轻的；sick 病的；quiet 安静的。根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young就是年少死去。故选B。
11.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。changes 改变；recovery 恢复；safety 安全；increases 增长，增加。根据下文中Some people fear such changes will…可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A。
12.B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。dreams 梦想；chances 机会；strengths 力量；choices 选择。根据句意可知，这句话中的while 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B。
13.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻。mind 心态；appearance 外表；voice 声音；movement移动。根据句意可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A。
【考点定位】社会现象类短文。
【名师点睛】这篇短文是一篇议论文，讨论了人类寿命增加这个话题，主要考查学生名词、形容词、动词、副词等实词在具体语言环境下的使用和词义辨析，同时考查学生的语篇理解的能力。学生要在理解短文大意的基础上，对每个题目中设置的选项进行辨析，同时还需要注意上下文的暗示，选出最符合文意的一项。
2014年高考试题议论文类
【2014·广东卷】完形填空
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions.
Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
【小题1】 A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar
【小题2】A. interest B. argument C. link D.knowledge
【小题3】A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked
【小题4】A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research
【小题5】A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing
【小题6】A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes
【小题7】A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful
【小题8】 A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly
【小题9】A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature
【小题10】A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills
【小题11】A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider
【小题12】A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust
【小题13】A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk
【小题14】A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop
【小题15】A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
【小题6】A
【小题7】D
【小题8】A
【小题9】A
【小题10】C
【小题11】D
【小题12】A
【小题13】D
【小题14】B
【小题15】C
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇议论文。讨论了家长和孩子如何相处的问题。一味的责备会使得亲情疏远。父母也应该倾听孩子的心里话。沟通是一个双向的过程。做一个聪明的善解人意的家长更受孩子的欢迎。
【小题3】C。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。 根据：扔在地板上的衣服，可知房间很凌乱。 此处noisy喧闹的；crowded拥挤的；messy杂乱的；locked上锁的。故选C。
【小题4】B。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服等这些都是家务方面的事。此处 homework作业；housework家务；problem难题；research 研究，调查。故选B。
【小题5】C。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。另一方面，青少年认为父母因为仅仅是把浴室里的毛巾掉在地上等一些小事而责怪他们而不耐烦。 此处washing 洗；using 使用；dropping 落下；replacing 更换，替代。drop the towel 把毛巾掉在地上。故选C。
【小题6】A。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。圣乔治大学的研究表明不同的父母对这些问题有不同的方法。此处approaches 方法，途径；contributions 贡献；introductions 介绍，入门；attitudes 态度；看法。下一句有approaches一词。故选A。
【小题7】D。考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。然而，一些方法比其他人的更成功。 此处 complex 复杂的；popular 受欢迎的；scientific 科学的；successful成功的。接下来列举了一些成功的父母的做法。故选D。
【小题8】A。考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，父母先因为孩子邋遢而大吼大叫，后来又为他们收拾房间。此处later后来；deliberately故意地； seldom很少；thoroughly彻底。这样的父母我们生活中不少见。故选A。
【小题9】A。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，那些因为孩子邋遢而大吼大叫但是后来又为他们房间打扫的的父母有更少的机会改变他们孩子的行为。此处behavior行为；taste味道；future未来；nature自然。孩子不改变行为是因为父母责备了他们然后又帮他们收拾使孩子认为被批评了就可以不做了。自然行为得不到改变。故选A。
【小题10】C。考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。根据后面可知，与此相反，那些让青少年体验他们的行为的结果的父母可以做得更好。此处failures失败；changes变化；consequences结果；thrills兴奋、震颤。故选C。
【小题11】D。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，当青少年不购物帮助他们的父母购物时，他们在冰箱里就找不到他们最喜爱的饮料，这样他们就被迫重新考虑他们的行动。 此处defend防御；delay耽搁；repeat重复；reconsider重新考虑。根据语境和词的意义可知，选D。
【小题14】B。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。父母责备他们的孩子当他们的房间凌乱时，但他们也应该明白他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。此处 hate讨厌；scold责备；frighten 吓唬；stop停止。代入四个词分析，只有B符合语境。故选B。
【小题15】C。考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。沟通是一个双向的过程。它只有通过倾听和理解对方，父母与子女之间的问题才可以得到解决。此处 loving爱；observing观察；understanding理解；praising表扬。代入四个词分析， C更符合语境。故选C。
2015说明文
1.【2015·重庆】B
Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are 29 jet lag（时差反应）.
Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31.
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological block to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness.
28. A. flight B. change C. demand D. climate
29. A. suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to
30. A. danger B. problem C. waste D. fear
31. A. briefly B. slowly C. suddenly D. effectively
32. A. checking B. sending C. adjusting D. stopping
33. A. awake B. alone C. hungry D. calm
34. A. though B. so C. whole D. or
35. A. understanding B. cycle C. research D. trend
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述在旅行中如何调整你的生物钟。
28.B 考查名词辨析。A flight航班； B change变化； C demand要求； D climate气候； 句意：慢慢地对于变化做出反应，你的生物钟就要混淆。根据语境可知本文是关于对于时差的反应，故选B项。
29.A 考查动词短语辨析 suffer from 遭受战争破坏的 work on 从事于；look into调查；lead to 导致；根据时区的变化可知很明显会导致时间反应，故选A项。
32.C 考查动词辨析。A checking 检查员 B sending送到 C adjusting 调整结构 D stopping停止播送 句意：比如，在上飞机前，开始调整你的生物钟到你的目的的的时间。Adjust to 把。。调整到，，故选C项。
33.A 考查形容词辨析。A awake B alone C hungry D calm句意：如果是白天到目的地，试着保持清醒。Stay awake保持清醒，故选A项。
34.D 考查连词辨析。A Though 虽然如此 B so 因此次 C while虽然如此 D or 否则；句意：在这种情况下，提前吃饭，否则，空腹会让阻止你睡。Or表示转折，故选D项。
35.B 考查名词辨析。A Understanding 明白的 B cycle圈； C research 研究；D trend趋势；句意：这些建议能帮你开始新生物钟。根据语境可知选B项。
【考点定位】日常生活类短文
【名师点睛】本篇完形从日常生活中的细节入手，根据常识能够得出答案如28，33空。29和31根据语境得出答案，做此类题目时，考生可以先根据选项来阅读文章，认真筛选甄别，这样有的放矢，大大提高阅读的效率，不可盲目地跟着感觉来进行解读，文中的每句话都有其出现的意义，上下文的联系是十分重要的。
2.Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.
In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 in people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.
Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.
First Impression
To help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.
As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
The 60 Knows
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Face Value
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.
When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.
51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise
52. A. romantic B. stressful C. central D. artificial
53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. principle
54. A. tested B. impressed C. changed D. created
55. A. appearances B. virtues C. similarities D. passions
56. A. illustrations B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions
57. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall
58. A. critical B. initial C. random D. mature
59. A. memorize B. distinguish C. negotiate D. question
60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand
61. A. open B. alert C. resistant D. superior
62. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted
63. A. emotion B. attractiveness C. individuality D. signals
64. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess
65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. irritating
【解析】
试题分析：古代和现代的人追求不同，现代人追求的是爱，但是科学家依然对爱还不是很清楚。
52. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 romantic 意为浪漫的，stressful 意为压力的，central 意为中心的， artificial 意为人工的。根据上一句话“life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting”及本句的“In modern times, finding love is ”，分析语境，知道这两个句子是把古代和现代的情况进行对比。前一句用了center ,后一句用central, 两者的关系是同根重现。
53. B 考查名词以及对语境的理解 priority 意为优先权，proof 意为证明，possibility 意为可能性，principle 意为原则。后两句的意思是：很容易准备一系列的有关爱的现代故事。在当前的流行文化中，无数的故事和电影归类为爱情故事。根据这两句，的意思，结合上下文语境可知道本句的意思就是有很多证明的例子，所以答案为proof.
54. D 考查动词以及对语境的理解 tested 意为测试，imposed意为强加，changed 意为改变，created 意为创造。根据本段的最后一句话“One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. 确定了一件事情是：爱的真理还不确定”可以知道科学家研究的是爱是否能够创造，而不应该是测试，改变或者是强加。其中set in stone 就像中文里说的“板上钉钉”，表示绝对不变。
57. A 考查动词以及对语境的理解 predict 意为预测，investigate 意为调查，diagnose 意为诊断， recall 意为回忆。根据58题后面的judgment (判断)，可以知道此处的答案应该是和判断同义的词。又根据该句后面的句子“after nine weeks, they reported what happened. 9周之后，报道发生了什么事情？”可以知道这一些是还没有发生的事情，也就是预测到的东西。
58. B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 critical 意为 批评的 ，initial 意为原始的 ，random 意为随意的， mature 意为成熟的。根据第57题预测的东西，那么预测的东西相对而言就是原始的，最初的判断。
59. B 考查动词以及对语境的理解 memorize 意为记忆，distinguish 意为区别，negotiate 意为谈判， question意为疑问。根据前一句话的意思“结果证明他们最初的判断是正确的”，该句要表达的意思和前一句相同，也就是说“学生似乎能够在早期区别适合他们的生活人”。
60. A 考查名词以及对语境的理解 Nose 意为鼻子，Eye 意为眼睛， Heart 意为心脏， Hand意为手。空格处的词是小标题，是对本段的高度概括。它往往在句首或句末找答案。在本段的最后两句话都提到了一个词smell（嗅觉），四个选项中和嗅觉有关的词只有A。
61. A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 open 意为开放的，alert 意为警觉的，resistant 意为抵抗的，superior 意为优越的。根据前面的搭配either… or…要么……，要么，表明此处是一个反义表达。前面使用的是战争，那么后面应该是一种开放，也就是坦诚以对。
62. D 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 disappointed 意为失望的，amazed 意为惊奇的，confused 意为困惑的，gifted 意为有天赋的。根据In contrast（相反）以及后文“Although we may not be aware of chemicals 尽管我们没有意识到”， 结合上下文语境知道在这里表达人类没有像动物那么有天赋。
63. B 考查名词以及对语境的理解 emotion意为情感，attractiveness 意为吸引力，individuality 意为个人的 ，signals意为信号。根据上一句话最后一个单词attractive，结合上下文知道此处的答案和这个单词attractive是同根重现，所以答案是attractiveness.
65. C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解 familiar 意为熟悉，plain 意为普通的， positive 意为积极的， irritating 意为无礼的。根据最后一句的表达“Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking. 看一些吸引力的事情似乎能够导致快乐的思考。”不能得出答案的表达应该是一种快乐思考，所以答案为positive积极的。
【考点定位】 这是一篇说明文，阐述什么是爱？
【名师点睛】这是一篇说明文，没有生词，主要是考查上下文理解和单词理解。需要正确理解4个单词的选项，尤其要注意一些一词多义的地方，如test, open, question。也要注意题目与题目直接的关系，如58题和59题；要关注小标题以及段落的开头和结尾。结合上下文，留意那些涉及到重现的题目。
2014高考题说明文
【2014·重庆卷】 B
Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and 28_______ them. Here are some 29_______ on how to fit in.
Every traveler to a foreign country feels 30_______ at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of 31_______. If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India, locals will warm to you as “that crazy foreigner.”
Wearing proper cloths is important too, 32_______ locals will judge by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33_______, especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn jeans at home.
Also be cautious about expressing 34_______. Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is 35_______ to kiss in public.
【小题1】. A. reject B. recite C. respect D. remove
【小题2】. A. plans B. tips C. arguments D. choices
【小题3】. A. unsafe B. excited C. satisfied D. awkward
【小题4】. A. relief B. belonging C. humor D. direction
【小题5】. A. but B. for C. so D. or
【小题6】. A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated
【小题7】. A. emotions B. concern C. interest D. views
【小题8】. A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. unnecessary
【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【小题5】B
【小题6】A
【小题7】A
【小题8】C
【解析】
试题分析：本文就如何适应文化差异提出一些建议。只有尊重差异才能适应差异。具体涉及情感表达、依着打扮及如何摆脱尴尬，等。
【小题3】. 考查形容词词义及语境运用。每一个出国人员都会有尴尬的时候，因为他们的举止可能引发当地人的嘲笑。A. unsafe不安全的；B. excited激动的、兴奋的；C. satisfied满足的、满意的；D. awkward尴尬的。D项正确。
【小题4】.考查名词词义及语境运用。从下文“一笑了之”可知，自我防卫的最佳手段是幽默感。 A. relief轻松、放松；B. belonging归属；C. humor幽默；D. direction方向。C项正确。
【小题5】. 考查连词的语境运用。衣着也很重要，因为当地人会根据衣着来判断一个人。A. but表“转折”； B. for表“理由”；C. so表“结果”；D. or表“选择”。故B项正确。
【小题6】. 考查动词词义及语境运用。根据宗教习惯，在中东国家衣着暴露是严格禁止的。A. forbidden禁止；B. allowed允许；C. expected期待；D. tolerated容忍。A项正确。
【小题7】. 考查名词词义及语境运用。在东南亚国家。生气会让自己显得愚蠢，所以表达情感时要谨慎。A. emotions情感；B. concern担忧；C. interest兴趣；D. views观点。故A项正确。
考点：完形填空。
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