话题10 环境保护-2022年七年级热点话题时文题型专练

这是一份话题10 环境保护-2022年七年级热点话题时文题型专练，共11页。试卷主要包含了3℃等内容，欢迎下载使用。
主题：环境保护
001 A完形填空 可持续发展是一种新时尚
002 B阅读理解 减少甲烷排放
003 C阅读理解 世界可能会失去一个美丽的物种
004 D阅读理解 比以往干净多了的长江
005 E任务型阅读 北京2022年冬奥会力争实现碳中和
006 F短文填空 巴勒斯坦人建造环保咖啡店
007 传统文化趣味读 当古画遇上舞蹈诗剧
A完形填空
主题：可持续发展是一种新时尚
Micrplastic（塑料微粒） is said t be ne f the mst serius kinds f pllutin. Accrding 1 the State f Fashin 2020, the glbal fashin industry accunts fr （占） 20 t 35 percent f micrplastic flw int the cean, and 2 2.1 billin tnnes f carbn dixide （二氧化碳） every year. It is cnsidered very energy-cnsuming（耗能的），plluting and 3 .The gd news is that a change is taking place because 4 peple's raising awareness f sustainability（可持续性）.
Mre and mre fashin brands are ffering custmers better chices and humans a 5 future. Making beautiful clthes with envirnment-friendly materials is brands' first step in reaching sustainability.
All birds is a she brand funded in 2016 in New Zealand, 6 just entered China tw years ag. The brand chses natural and sustainable wl （羊毛） as the main material， and it csts 60 percent less energy 7 prducing usual synthetic （人工制造的） shes.
During China Fashin Week, 8 increasing number f Chinese brands shwed their practice f sustainability. 9 the number f cmpanies, wh make prducts f sustainable materials, stays lw, it has 10 five times in the last tw years.
Better prtectin f the envirnment and the Earth needs mre peple t make a change.
B阅读理解
主题：减少甲烷排放
Reducing carbn dixide emissins（二氧化碳排放） is imprtant fr slving the climate prblem. But a climate change reprt shwed that humans need t cntrl methane （甲烷），which is a kind f gas peple cannt see r smell.
1.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. Methane is a clrless gas and has a terrible smell.
B. Carbn dixide has mre warming pwer than methane.
C. Human activities can prduce sme methane.
D. Carbn dixide is a cause f the air pllutin.
2.What is the percentage f increase in atmspheric methane cncentratins in 2005 cmpared with 1984?
3.Hw much has the Earth's temperature changed?
A. The temperature has risen by 1.1℃.
B. The temperature drpped abut 1.1℃.
C. The temperature has risen by 14.3℃.
D. The temperature drpped abut 14.3℃.
4.Where is the passage prbably frm?
A.A persnal diary.
B.A medicine bk.
C.A travel website.
D.A science magazine
C阅读理解
主题：世界可能会失去一个美丽的物种
While the Arctic（北极）has plar bears， the special animal in Antarctica （南极） is the emperr penguin （帝企鹅）.Nw bth kinds f animals are facing the risk f dying ut by the end f the century.
The wrld's tallest penguin might die ut by 2100 if glbal warming cntinues at its speed, accrding t a new study. Emperr penguins live n sea ice which is cnnected t land, and that makes the impact f glbal warming n the species' survival （生存）devastating （毁灭性的）. These birds can survive in the harshest envirnments near Antarctica, but they are becming mre and mre vulnerable（易受伤害的） in the face f glbal warming.
“In 2016, after a perid f strmy weather, the sea-ice brke up in Octber, just befre many emperr penguin chicks wuld have grwn up. The bad weather was repeated in 2017 and again in 2018 and led t the death f almst all the chicks at the place each seasn,” said a reprt published in the jurnal Antarctic Science in 2019.
Scientists authring the new study called fr actin t slw climate change, stressing the imprtance f prtecting these animals by legal（法律的）means
1.When culd the wrld's tallest penguin die ut?
A.By 2018.
2.What is the meaning f the underlined wrd “harshest”?
A.良好的B.美丽的C.恶劣的D.干净的
3.When d emperr penguin chicks grw up?
A. Arund March.
B. Arund April.
C. Arund September.
D. Arund Octber
D阅读理解
主题：比以往干净多了的长江
China has made great prgress in prtecting and rebuilding the ecsystem f the Yangtze River, accrding t Huang Runqiu, the Minister f Eclgy and Envirnment. In 2020,the quality f water at all mnitred sectins alng the river's main stream is at r abve Grade II, the secnd highest level in the cuntry＇s five-tier assessment system（五 级评价系统） fr grading surface water.
Huang said that 558 plants prduced dangerus chemicals in areas which have the largest ppulatin in the Yangtze River Ecnmic Belt. The factries were either renewed r rebuilt. All utdated chemical prductin sites within a kilmeter frm the Yangtze's main stream have als been shut dwn.
Besides enhancing waste-water management in majr industrial parks, effrts have been made t prevent pllutants in the mining sectr frm entering the river.
“Effrts have been made t deal with the hme waste-water, including cllectin and management,” Huang nted. “All cities alng the Yangtze's main stream are nw served by cncentrated waste-water treatment facilities.”
Huang said the gvernment has limited illegal sand mining alng the main bdy f the river quite well thanks t a special actin started by several gvernment bdies. The future will be better
1.The Chinese meaning f the underlined wrd “plants" in Paragraph 2 is prbably_________.
2.Hw many measures have been taken t prtect the Yangtze River?
3.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. In 2020, the quality f water at all mnitred sectins alng the river's main stream is f the highest level.
B. Effrts have been made t deal with the hme waste-water and all cities are nw served.
C. All utdated chemical prductin sites have been clsed dwn.
D. Effrts have been made t prevent pllutants in the mining sectr frm entering the river.
4.Where can yu mst prbably see this reading material?
A. In the newspaper.
B. On a mvie pster.
C. In a ckbk.
D. In a guidebk
E任务型阅读
主题：北京2022年冬奥会力争实现碳中和
The rganizers f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics held a meeting， prmising carbn neutralizatin （碳中和） at the Games. Many experts in the field f eclgy （生态学） and climate change tk part in the meeting and discussed many issues abut carbn emissin reductin measures.
Accrding t the Carbn Management Plan（碳管理计划）， all parties have actively carried ut carbn emissin reductin measures by making full use f Beijing 2008＇s facilities（设施） and changing the ld gyms instead f building new nes. Well-planned stadiums fr the Beijing Winter Olympics have saved space and reduced（减少）waste.
During the Games, peple will be encuraged t travel by public transprt（交通） amng Beijing， Yanqing， and Zhangjiaku cmpetitin znes. With the develping advantages f new energy cars and renewable（可再生的） energy in Beijing and Hebei Prvince, new energy will be used n passenger vehicles.
In additin, the rganizers f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics released（发布）a WeChat mini prgram in 2020 t encurage and guide the public t practice a green and lw-carbn lifestyle, allwing users t recrd their lw-carbn behavirs.
阅读短文，回答下面1～3小题。
1.What was the result f the meeting held by the rganizers f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Hw can all parties carry ut the Carbn Management Plan accrding t the passage?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.Why did the rganizers f the Beijing Winter Olympics release a WeChat mini prgram?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
F短文填空
主题：巴勒斯坦人建造环保咖啡店
A: Have yu heard the news? 1 ,an envirnment-friendly cafe, which was built by a grup f Palestinian yuths frm recycled waste, has pened recently.
B:Yes. I knw that the cafe is lcated n the Gaza City beach, and it is the first envirnment-friendly cafe that 2 .
A: Let me intrduce mre. Called “The Sea Is Ours,” the prject cnsists f 20 members. The grup recycled abut 270 tns f waste t build their cafe and the furniture inside it. The members say 3 .Rather, it is a way t tell peple the imprtance f envirnment prtectin.
B: In the summer seasn, I always see that sme peple g t the sea t relax and enjy but 4 ，cntaminating（污染） the area. I think 5 .That aims at encuraging peple t keep the envirnment clean and healthy and teaching peple hw t recycle mst f their waste.
A: Their actins are meaningful and will be helpful fr envirnment prtectin
阅读短文，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。
A. thrw plastic waste n the beach and int the sea
B. After weeks f hard wrk
C. aims at changing peple's behavir t prtect the envirnment
D. the cafe des nt aim at getting mney
E. that is why they have set the prgram
1.__________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
传统文化趣味读
当古画遇上舞蹈诗剧
The famus A Thusand Li f Rivers and Muntains by Wang Ximeng f the Sng Dynasty, has inspired many cultural creative prducts, including a new dance drama, Only Blue and Green directed （导演）by Zhu Liya and Han Zhen. When the famus painting was shwcased by the Palace Museum in 2017,the tw directrs were amng the thusands f visitrs. At that time, they didn't expect such an experience wuld lead them t create Only Blue and Green.
“It is difficult t let ur new prductin tell a whle stry because it lacks dramatic cnflicts（戏剧 冲突）.We tried t prtray characters（塑造人物形象）based n Chinese aestheticism （审美观），”Zhu said.
Their team tried t bring the beauty and charm f the painting and its creatr's stry t the audience in the mst crrect way by cnsulting （咨询） with many experts frm the Palace Museum. Zhang Han, wh plays Wang Ximeng in the drama, even cpied the painting t better explain the painter's experience.
“We are prud f traditinal Chinese culture,” Zhu said.
答案解析
【A完形填空】
1．B．考查固定搭配。accrding t为固定搭配，意为“根据”，符合文意，其他选项均不能与accrding 构成合理搭配，故选B。
2．C。考查动词辨析。A项意为“改善”，B项意为“发展”，C项意为“产生”，D项意为“增长”。由文章可知，（全球时尚产业）每年应该是产生了21亿吨二氧化碳，故选C。
3.A。考查形容词辨析。A项意为“浪费的”，B项意为“有用的”，C项意为“有希望的”，D项意为“有帮助的”。根据空格前的 energy-cnsuming和plluting 可知，空格处应填入负面含义的词，A项wasteful在感情色彩上与energy-cnsuming、plluting 相匹配，故选A。
4．A。考查固定搭配。because f 意为“因为，由于”，后面接名词成分。将其代入后意为“因为人们的可持续发展意识在不断提高”，符合句意，故选A。
5．D。考查形容词辨析。A项意为“更清晰的”，B项意为“更坏的”，C项意为“更黑暗的”，D项意为“更光明的”。根据空格前的 better chices（更好的选择）可知，与此并列的形容词比较级也应为语义积极的词汇，因此先排除B项和C项，然后将D项代入空格，与future搭配意为“更光明的未来”，符合句意，故选D。
6．B。考查定语从句。空格所在部分是非限制性定语从句，该定语从句修饰的先行词为a she brand，所以需要选用可代表“物”的引导词，wh指代人，which指代物，where指代地点，when指代时间，故选B。
7．C．考查比较级。前面的less与than 构成比较级结构，意为“比··少”，故空格处应填入than，故选C。
8.A.考查冠词及固定搭配。a number f表示“一些；许多”。文中number被以元音音素开头的increasing 修饰，所以前面的冠词应使用an，故选A。
9.D.考查连词辨析。A项意为“因为”，B项意为“但是”，C项意为“如果”，D项意为“虽然”。根据句意可知，此处应该表示让步。将D项代入空格后意为“虽然使用可持续材料的公司数量仍然很少”，符合句意，故选D。
10．C。考查动词辨析。A项意为“升起”，B项意为“下降”，C项意为“增加”，D项意为“落下”。句首使用了Althugh一词，由此可推知前后为转折关系。从句用了lw（低的）一词，那么主句中填入increased（增加）更符合文意，故选C。
【B阅读理解】
1．C．细节理解题。根据．．．is a kind f gas peple cannt see r smell（..··是一种人们看不见、闻不到的气体）可知，甲烷是一种无色无味的气体，故A项错误。根据表格中的 Methane is a gas with ver 80 times mre warming pwer in the shrt term than carbn dixide（甲烷短期内增温的 能力是二氧化碳的80多倍）可知，甲烷比二氧化碳有更强的增温能力，故B项错误。根据 it can be prduced in much larger amunts by human activities（人类活动会产 生更多的甲烷）可知C项正确。文中说二氧化碳造成温室效应而不是空气污染，故D项错误，故选C。
2．B。细节理解题。根据题干中的 the percentage f increase定位到对应表格，表格中的图片显示的是：与1984年相比，大气中甲烷浓度增加的百分比。其中，横坐标是年份，纵坐标是甲烷浓度增加的百分比。题目问的是2005年的甲烷浓度与1984年相比增加了多少，因此2005年对应的纵坐标即为答案，故选B。
3．A。细节理解题。根据Glbal temperatures nw are at 1.1℃warmer than befre（现在全球气温比以前高了1.1℃）可知，全球气温升高了1.1℃，故选A。
4．D。推理判断题。本文说的是减少甲烷的排放可以有效减缓全球变暖的趋势，是关于环境保护的文章，因此本文可能来自科学杂志，故选D。
【C阅读理解】
1．C．细节理解题，根据文章第二段第一句The wrld＇s tallest penguin might die ut by 2100 if glbal warming cntinues at its speed（如果全球变暖的情况继续以这种速度发展下去，那么这种世界上最高的企鹅可能会在2100年的时候灭绝）可知，时间是2100年，故选C。
2．C。词义猜测题。画线单词在but连接的并列句中，可知前后分句存在转折关系。根据后半句but they are becming mre and mre vulnerable in the face f glbal warming（但面对全球变暖，它们变得越来越容易受到伤害）可知，前半句应该在说帝企鹅在糟糕的环境下也能生存，所以“恶劣的”最符合此处语境，故选C。
3．D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句 In 2016，after a perid f strmy weather, the sea-ice brke up in Octber, just befre many emperr penguin chicks wuld have grwn up（2016年，在经历了一段时期的暴风雨天气之后，海冰就在帝企鹅幼雏长大之前于10月份破裂了）可知，帝企鹅幼雏大约在10月份长大，故选D。
【D阅读理解】
1．B。词义猜测题。根据下文的 The factries were either renewed r rebuilt 可知，The factries就是指前面的 plants，因此 plants在此处是“工厂”的意思，故选B。
2．D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段 The factries were either renewed r rebuilt（工厂要么被升级了，要么被改造了）、第三段 effrts have been made t prevent pllutants in the mining sectr frm entering the river（努力防止采矿 部门的污染物进入河流）、第四段 Effrts have been made t deal with the hme waste-water, including cllectin and management（我们已经采取了行动来处理家庭废水收集及处理方面的问题），以及第五段 the gvernment has limited illegal sand mining alng the main bdy f the river quite well（政府已经有效地遏制了河流主体沿线的非法采沙活动）可知，一共采取了四种措施，故选D。
3．D。细节理解题。根据文中 In 2020，the quality f water at all mnitred sectins alng the river's main stream is at r abve Grade II可知，水的质量为二级或二级以上，A项中的 the highest 不正确。由 All cities alng the Yangtze＇s main stream（长江干流沿岸的所有城市）可知，B项中的all cities不正确。根据文中 All utdated chemical prductin sites within a kilmeter frm the Yangtze's main stream have als been shut dwn 可知，是长江干流一公里范围内的老旧化学工厂被关闭，而非所有工厂，因此C项不正确。根据第三段的 effrts have been made t prevent pllutants in the mining sectr frm entering the river（努力防止采矿 部门的污染物进入河流）可知D项正确，故选D。
4．A．推理判断题。本篇文章介绍了长江生态系统方面的治理措施，B项“电影海报”、C项“烹饪书”、D项“导游手册”明显都不符合文意。A选项“报纸”符合文意，故选A.
【E 任务型阅读】
1.Prmising carbn neutralizatin at the Games.根据文章 第一段第一句 The rganizers f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics held a meeting, prmising carbn neutralizatin at the Games ［北京2022年冬季奥林匹克运动会的组织者们召开了一次会议，承诺（在奥运会期间）争取实现碳中和］可知，会议的结果是承诺在奥运会期间实现碳中和。
2.By making full use f Beijing 2008's facilities and changing the ld gyms.根据关键词 Carbn Management Plan可定 位到文章第二段，由该段第一句得知，各方积极实施碳减排的措施包括充分利用2008年北京奥运会场馆设施，以及改造旧场馆。
3.T encurage and guide the public t practice a green and lw-carbn lifestyle.根据a WeChat mini prgram定位到文章最 后一段，可知2022年北京冬奥会的组织者们发布微信小程序的原因是鼓励和引导公众践行绿色、低碳的生活方式。
【F短文填空】
1．B。本空后面的内容提到一个环保咖啡馆最近开业了，句中的主干成分都已经齐全，故推测本空在句中作状语，并且本空位于句首，首字母应大写，故锁定B项，且B项为介词短语，代人文中符合语法与文意，故选B。
2．C。本空为that引导的定语从句，对上文中的the first envirnment-friendly cafe作解释说明，通过 envirnment-friendly（环保的）一词以及下文中多次提及这个咖啡馆建立的目的是鼓励人们保护环境可知，C项最符合文意，故选C。
3．D。根据空格后的 Rather，it is a way t tell peple the imprtance f envirnment prtectin（相反，它是一种告 诉人们环境保护重要性的方式）可知，此处在说咖啡馆的用途。由Rather这个词可知，空格处应该谈到了一个与之相反的用途，D项符合文意，故选D。
4．A。根据空格后的 cntaminating the area（污染了这片区域）可知，本空应该是在讲人们在享受海滩的同时也污染了环境。余下的选项中，只有A项与此相关，故选A。
5．E。上文提及污染海边环境的现象，预示组织成员为了改善这种现象，从而设立了第三段提到的“大海是我们的”项目，将E项代入文中，符合文意，故选E.
B. t
C. with
D. at
B. develps
C. prduces
D. grws
B. useful
C. hpeful
D. helpful
B. fr
C .in
D. n
B. wrse
C .darker
D. brighter
B. which
C. where
D. when
B. as
C. than
D. ver
B. a
C. the
D./
B. But
C. If
D. Althugh
B. drpped
C. increased
D. fallen
The Climate Change Reprt
Intrductin
Methane is the main cmpnent （成分）f the natural gas we use t ck a meal and heat ur hmes, and it can be prduced in much larger amunts by human activities. Methane is a gas with ver 80 times mre warming pwer in the shrt term than carbn dixide.
Cmparisn
Atmspheric（大气的）methane cncentratins（浓度）have risen quickly ver the past ten years. The picture shws the percent increase in atmspheric methane cncentratin cmpared with the 1984 level.
Results and
Ideas
Glbal temperatures nw are at 1.1°℃ warmer than befre, and the planet has already seen the impact such as fld and fire. Scientists make it clear that stpping methane emissins is the key t slwing the planet frm increasing by 1.5℃.
What we d in the next few years will decide what kind f wrld we have. We need t act quickly in reducing all greenhuse gas emissins, and nt just carbn dixide.
A.6%
B.8%
C.12%
D.14.3%
A.植物
B.工厂
C.工业
D.水域
A. Tw
B. Five
C. One
D. Fur