2022年春季学期小升初英语基础语法复习课(三) 形容词与动词 (无答案)

这是一份2022年春季学期小升初英语基础语法复习课(三) 形容词与动词 (无答案)，共8页。试卷主要包含了形容词，根据句意填入单词的正确形式等内容，欢迎下载使用。
小升初英语基础语法复习课第三讲  形容词与动词一、形容词形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。它的位置通常放在被修饰的名词前，也可以放在be动词和look、feel、taste、sound、get之后。在英语中，形容词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。1、表示两者“等同”时用原级，结构为：as＋原级＋as，表示“xx和xx一样……”e.g.  Are you as tall as your twin sister? 其否定形式结构为：not＋as＋原级＋as，表示“xx和xxx不一样……”e.g.  I’m not as tall as you. 2、表示两者“比较”时用比较级，结构为：比较级＋________，表示“xx比xxx更……”   e.g.  他比我年轻. ____________________________ 形容词比较级的构成规则： ①      一般在词尾加er   e.g.  taller，longer，stronger，younger②      以字母e结尾，只加r   e.g.  late－__________，nice－___________③      以辅音字母＋y结尾，变y为i，再加er   e.g.  heavy－__________④      双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er   e.g.  fat－________，thin－__________，big－_________ 双音节和多音节词的比较级，在原级前加moree.g.  more beautiful，more careful⑤      不规则变化   e.g.  good/well-better-best，many/much-more-most，bad/ill-worse-worst, old-older/elder-oldest/eldest,  little-less-least, far-farther/further-farthest/furthest，late-later/latter-latest/last两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形，than的前面一定要用比较级（+er）。3、三个或三个以上的人或物进行比较，用形容词最高级。结构为：the + 形容词最高级 ＋in/of等表示范围的短语，表示“最……”。e.g.  Autumn is the best season in New York.She is the tallest girl of our three. 补充：副词副词可以修饰形容词、动词、副词或整个句子，说明时间、程度、方式等概念。例如：The book is very good.        He runs fast.      She came here quite early.       Certainly I will go with you.变化规则： 1． 直接在形容词后加-ly, careful-_____________, slow-_____________, 2． 以辅音字母加 y结尾的形容词，把 y变 I,  加-ly, happy-___________,   lucky-___________ 3． 有些词形容词和副词的形式相同，不需要做任何变化 如fast, hard, late 4． 有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远： near-nearly, high-highly, late-lately,   副词的比较级变化规则与形容词比较级基本相同，以ly结尾的副词一般用more。e.g.  more carefully ，more quietly5.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的常用法。注意：（1）比较级主要用于两者的比较。即：“形容词、副词比较级+than”这一结构表示：“比……更……”；any other+名词单数1 ）比较级常用句型结构。如：① I’m taller than you.② Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.③ Most of people in Shenzhen are getting richer and richer（2）形容词、副词的最高级的常用法：形容词、副词的最高级主要用于三者或三者以上的人和事进行比较。其结构是：the+形容词、副词的最高级（+名词）+表示范围的短语，即：表示“最……的”意思2 ）最高级常用句型结构。如：①   The boy runs fastest in his class.②   China is one of the most beautiful countries in the world.③   Which is the cheapest, a computer, a TV set or a DVD player?注意：形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。a young nurse                        an old mechanic      a lazy housewife                     a thin woman但如果形容词修饰以-thing等为字尾的不定代词(如：something, anything, nothing, everything)时，要放在这些词之后，如：something nice（很好的某样东西），something important.但是：enough跟名词：enough time（名词在enough后）  enough跟形容词：tall enough（形容词在enough前）★小结：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。知识拓展：1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Our school is three times larger than yours.Our school is four times as large as yours.Our school is four times the size of yours. 6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favorite, excellent, extreme, perfect。7. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/well  bad/badly/ill worstmany/much  little leastold oldest/eldestfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest  一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old__________   young________   tall_______   long________   short________   strong________   big________   small_______fat_________    thin__________   heavy______   light________二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years __________ (old) than me.
2. —Is your sister __________ (young) than you? —Yes, she is.
3.—Whose pencil-box is __________ (big), yours or hers? —Hers is.4. Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
5. Qin Hong is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.6. Which is ___________ (heavy), the elephant or the pig?
7. —_____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?  —No, they______.
8. The child doesn’t______ (write) as ____ (fast) as the students.9.Which is ___________(heavy), the elephant or the pig? 10.Jim runs _____(fast), but Ben runs _____(fast).  二、动词1、定义：动词表示人或事物的动作或状态。2、分类：动词可分为以下四类分类例子否定形式实义动词run, look, cook, eat....don’t +动词原形doesn’t + 动词原形系动词be动词（am, is ,are,was,were）be + not助动词do / does / did 用于一般疑问句和否定句情态动词can，will, should ,could ,may...直接加not变否定    3、 动词的基本形式：绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。（小学阶段主要见四种形式）原形中文三单现在分词过去式go去，走goesgoingwenteat吃eatseatingatehave有，吃hashavinghadcook煮，做cookscookingcooked等等  一．写出下列动词的第三人称单数、现在分词和过去式。如：look - looks - looking- lookeddrink_______ ________ _________        stay ________ ________ ________make ________ ________ _______        teach________ ________ ________ride ________ ________ ________        have________ ________ ________pass________ ________ _________       carry _______ ________ ________come________ ________ ________       watch_______ ________ ________plant________ _________ ________       fly_______ ________ ___________read_________ ________ ________        run ________ ________ _________write________ ________ ________        swim________ ________ ________get_________ ________ _________        say________ ________ _________take _______ ________ _________        see________ ________ _________ 二.用所给词的正确形式填空。1. Let me _______ (help) you find your purse.2. Would you like__________(buy) things for New Year's Day?3. I like __________( make) kites.4. He can________ (skate) better than me.5. You must _______( listen) to your teacher in class.6. They enjoy________(play) basketball.7. She wants________(watch) cartoons. 三，选择题（  ）1. —______Alice often play the piano.   —No, she __________.A. Do; do      B. Does; does     C. Does; doesn’t （  ）2. Danny _______ breakfast five times last week.     A. ate     B. eat     C. eated （  ）3. I’m going to ________ some chopsticks ________ Sunday afternoon.A. bought; on     B. buy; on      C. buy; in （  ）4. —Is he _________ TV?    —Yes, he is.       A. watch    B. watching    C. not（  ）5. Sandy often ________ his homework on Sundays.A. do     B. does     C. did （  ）6. What do you usually do on your holiday?A. Sing and dance      B. Saw elephants    C. Took picture （  ）7. It’s 10 o’clock. Ben ___ TV in the bedroom.  A. is watching     B. watch     C. watches （  ）8. I can’t find my pen. Let me _______.A. go and ask her     B. go and ask hers     C. go and ask she （  ）9. Lily is a good student. She ___maths.  A. does good at     B. well do it     C. is good at（  ）10. Every morning,she_____ at 6:00.    A.get up       B.gets up        C.getting up       一.读一读,用所给单词的适当形式填空。(10分)(1) I ____________ (eat) too much ice cream yesterday. Now I feel bad.(2)She looks ____________ (thin) than before.(3)We ____________ (ride) a bike for two people in the park last Sunday.(4)The earth is ____________ (big) than the moon.(5)I ____________ (read) the news on the Internet yesterday evening.二. 读一读,选择正确的答案。(10分)(1)I ______ some delicious food and ______ some gifts in my trip. (      )A. eat; bought      B. ate; bought      C. eat; buy(2)—                ?  —48 kilograms. (      )A. How heavy are you?      B. How tall are you?      C. How old are you?(3)I went hiking with my classmates ______. (       )A. every day      B. tomorrow      C. last Sunday(4)Did you ______ football yesterday? (       )A. played      B. play      C. plays(5)Bob is ______ than Fred, but he is ______. (       )A. younger; taller      B. taller; heavy      C. strong; heavier(6)—Did you visit your aunt last weekend? —______ (       )A. Yes, I do.      B. No, I didn’t.      C. No, I don’t.(7)I ______ at the library with my classmates. (      )A. eat hamburgers      B. read books      C. play football(8)Wu Yifan is 12 years old. I’m 15 years old. I’m ______ than him. (      )A. older      B. younger      C. bigger(9)Yesterday was a sunny day. I ______ my room and ______ my clothes. (      )A. clean; wash      B. clean; washed      C. cleaned; washed(10)-How did you get to Beijing? -______ (       )A. I went there yesterday.   B. I went there by plane .   C. I went there to have a meeting.三.读一读,选择正确的答句。(10分)(    )(1)What did Tom do last weekend?                A. He is 1.6 metres.(    )(2)Did John read this morning?                   B. No, I’m older than him.(    )(3)How tall is that boy?                         C. I hurt my arm yesterday.(    )(4)Are you younger than him?                    D. No, he didn’t.(    )(5)What happened?                             E. He went camping. 四.Read and write.读一读,按要求完成句子。(10分)(1)what are you doing now? (按实际回答) (2)Did you go fishing yesterday? (否定回答) (3)I cleaned my room last weekend. (改一般疑问句) (4)I visited my grandparents last Sunday. (对划线部分提问) (5)I’m going to visit the museum next weekend. (对划线部分提问)  阅读理解阅读以下短文,根据短文内容选择正确的选项。Mr and Mrs Red want to go hiking this weekend. They bought a lot of things for the hiking a few days ago.First, they each bought a pair of hiking shoes. Mr Red’s feet are much bigger than Mrs Red’s.He wears size 42 shoes! Mrs Red just wears size 36 shoes.Second, they bought a tent for camping. There were two tents in the shop. One was green with a big window. The other was brown with two small windows. The green one was bigger but shorter than the brown one. Mr Red is very tall, he is 1.8 metres. And Mrs Red likes watching the beautiful mountains. She thought two windows were much better. Finally they bought one. Which tent did they buy? Can you guess?1.What did Mr and Mrs Red do for the hiking?    (    )A. They cooked a good meal.B. They had a good sleep.C. They bought something for the hiking.2.What size hiking shoes do Mr and Mrs Red wear?   (    )A. Size 36 and size 42.B. Size 42 and size 36.C. Size 36 and size 36.3.What does “tent” mean?   (    )A. 帐篷      B. 房子      C. 大卡车4.The brown tent is _____ and ______ than the green tent.   (     )A. smaller; taller     B. bigger; taller     C. smaller; shorter5.Which tent did they buy? Can you guess?   (     )A. The green one.     B. The brown one.     C. They bought nothing.