广东省中山市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

中山市高一年级2020-2021学年度第一学期期末统一考试

英语科试卷

本试卷共8页，三部分，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名和考生号等信息填写在答题卡的卷头上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

We all know Albert Einstein was probably the most intelligent man that ever lived, and that his contributions to science were the greatest, but still, there are a few things you may not know about the great scientist.

Einstein Syndrome

Einstein was supposed to talk late—he told his biographer（传记作者）he didn't start speaking until at least three years old. Stanford economist Dr. Thomas Sowell even invented the term "Einstein Syndrome" to describe extremely bright children whose speech is delayed.

A Simple Compass

When Albert Einstein was five years old and sick in bed, his father showed him a simple pocket compass. Einstein was attracted. What force made the little needle point in a single direction? This question stayed with Einstein for many years and has been considered as the beginning of his interest in science.

Einstein and the Violin

Einstein's mother, Pauline, was an excellent pianist and wanted her son to love music too, so she started him on violin lessons when he was six years old. Unfortunately, at first, Einstein hated playing the violin. He would much rather build houses of cards, which he was really good at. When Einstein was 13 years old, he suddenly changed his mind about the violin when he heard the music of Mozart. With a new passion for playing, Einstein continued to play the violin until the last few years of his life and Einstein would use the violin to relax when he became stuck in his thinking process.

Designed a Refrigerator

Twenty-one years after writing his Special Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein invented a refrigerator that operated on alcohol gas. The refrigerator was patented（获得专利）in 1926 but never went into production because new technology made it unnecessary. Einstein invented the refrigerator because he read about a family poisoned by a sulphur dioxide-emitting（排放二氧化硫的）refrigerator.

1. What is the term "Einstein Syndrome" in Paragraph 2 used to describe?

A. Some people who change their mind about learning music.

B. Some children who can't speak until they are three years old

C. Some smart children who begin to speak later than normal children

D. Some people who are crazy about the pocket compass and its needle.

2. What did Einstein think of playing the violin before he was 13?

A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Frightening. D. Hateful.

3. Which of the following is TRUE about Einstein according to the passage?

A. Einstein benefited a lot from playing the violin

B. Einstein invented the refrigerator out of curiosity.

C. Einstein received a compass as a gift for his fifth birthday.

D. Einstein suffered from a special illness when he was a child.

【答案】1. C    2. D    3. A

B

Picture a young woman picking flowers from a field to make a natural blush for her cheeks making a sofa from bamboo, making soy sauce（酱油）from scratch and cooking up all sorts of delicious Chinese food. It may sound unreal, but such a person exists in real life, and her name is Li Ziqi.

Her videos cover a wide variety of crafts related to traditional Chinese culture. From making paper and ink to weaving cloth, from making a silk quilt for her grandmother to building her own bread kiln（面包窑）with blocks, nothing seems impossible with Li's crafty hands as they work their magic to bring these things into existence.

"Watching her videos, it is difficult not to have the sense of longing for home. My heart warmed up as I watched her flip soybeans in the video for making soy sauce. I was really moved. I used to do this kind of work when I was young," comments the Weibo user July of Jiangnan.

The success of Li Ziqi and her video lies in her passion—passion for life, for her home and for her culture. She does not say much, but she tells the stories of China's culture.

"I started it because I wanted to create something for people to watch and relax. We are all under a lot of stress. I hoped that after a long and busy day, they could click on my videos and relieve some of their anxiety and pressure," Li said.

But her videos did more than that. Viewers from both home and abroad are attracted. Li now enjoys a fan base of more than 21 million people on Sina Weibo and 7 million strong followers on YouTube. She has made a name for herself in her videos that highlight a traditional Chinese way of life in the rural areas.

Li is not without criticism, such as remarks about her "beautifying" life in the country and her use of a professional production team to help her film. Others have expressed skepticism about how "real" her videos are, and how "amazing" it is that she looks so picture perfect after a long day of work in the fields.

4. Why was July of Jiangnan moved when watching Li Ziqi's video for making soy sauce?

A. Because he loves soy sauce made by hand.

B. Because he was touched by Li Ziqi's creativity.

C. Because it taught him how to make soy sauce.

D. Because it reminded him of his own experience.

5. What was Li Ziqi's original purpose of making videos and posting them online?

A. To make a lot of money.

B. To become famous on the internet.

C. To help watchers relieve their stress.

D. To spread Chinese traditional culture.

6. What does the underlined word "skepticism" mean?

A. Doubt. B. Interest. C. Curiosity. D. Concern.

7. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Li's crafty hands can do everything

B. Some people don't think highly of Li Ziqi's videos

C. Li Ziqi talks a lot in order to introduce Chinese culture in her videos.

D. Li Ziqi's videos focus on the traditional Chinese way of life in the city.

【答案】4. D    5. C    6. A    7. B

C

Many of us wonder what lies in outer space. When we look up at the night sky, we see stars, the twinkle of a moving satellite and occasionally a distant planet. But one thing we don't see is the millions of pieces of junk filling up space. It's this debris（废弃物）that's causing problems for the existing technology that's up there and which we rely on.

The amount of space junk is increasing. Over the last few decades, satellites and rockets have been launched into space, littering the cosmos as they go. It's estimated there are now millions of thrown-away pieces of metal and other materials in orbit—everything from old rocket pieces to accidentally dropped astronaut tools, and even flecks of paint. The fear is that if we don't start taking this debris out of the sky soon, it will become a great danger to active satellites. Nobu Okada, Chief Executive of Astroscale—a company working on ways to clean up space junk—says hitting "even a small paint fleck…has enough power to blow up other satellites."

Several ideas are being looked at to collect the debris floating around in space. In 2018, the Remove Debris spacecraft carried out various experiments, including testing a net that could catch a satellite or firing a harpoon at a target in orbit to try to catch it.

This year the UK Space Agency is helping to fund new approaches to tracking satellites and debris in space. Jacob Geer from UKSA told the BBC: "Space surveillance（监视）and tracking is one of the key things we can do to keep safe those satellites we rely on now, and to make sure certain orbits don't become inaccessible（无法接近的）for future generations because there's too much debris in them.

It's clear that something must be done to achieve a deep clean in the space. But looking to the future like any litter problem, we need to look at ways of creating less—and that shouldn't be the stuff of science fiction.

8. Which of the following items is space junk?

A. Metal stuff. B. Old rocket pieces in the orbit.

C. Tools in the spaceship. D. Paint on a spaceship.

9. What problem can space junk cause according to Paragraph 2?

A. Small paint of fleck will blow away satellites.

B. Active satellites will be in danger.

C. It will be impossible to clean up.

D. It will lead to disasters on the earth.

10. According to Jacob Geer, what makes orbits inaccessible for future generations?

A. Too much man-made satellites.

B. Too much population.

C. Too much space activities.

D. Too much debris in space orbits.

11. Which of the following is not helpful in solving the debris problem?

A. Stopping reading science fictions.

B. Carrying out a thorough space cleaning

C. Creating less space junk from now on.

D. Using space surveillance and tracking system.

【答案】8. B    9. B    10. D    11. A

D

Good health is a precious thing. When we are healthy, we can learn, work, and support ourselves and our families. When we are sick, we struggle, and our families and communities fall behind.

That's why the World Health Organization is needed. Working with 194 Member States, across six regions, and from more than 150 offices, WHO staff are united in a shared commitment to achieve better health for everyone, everywhere.

The purpose that all people should enjoy the highest standard of health, regardless of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition, has guided WHO's work for the past 72 years, since it was first set up as the lead agency for international health in the United Nations, which was founded in 1945.

Since 1970, the world has seen a rise in noncommunicable（非传染性的）diseases such as cancer, diabetes（糖尿病）and heart disease. Driven by forces such as rapid unplanned urbanization, globalization of unhealthy lifestyles and population ageing, these diseases now account for 70% of all deaths. So WHO has shifted focus, along with health authorities around the world, to promote healthy eating, physical exercise and regular health checks.

The organization has run global health campaigns on the prevention of diabetes and high blood pressure and on healthy cities. It negotiated（谈判）the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, a powerful tool to help reduce diseases and deaths caused by tobacco.

Achieving these goals will require unfailing political and financial commitment, from Member States and donors, and continued and expanded collaboration with colleagues from academia, Partners on the ground, and other members of the UN family.（From the official website of WHO, 2020. ）

12. What is the goal of WHO?

A. To work with more countries.

B. To unite everyone in the world.

C. To try to make everyone healthy.

D. To stop our families falling behind.

13. When was WHO most likely to be set up according to the passage?

A. In 1918. B. In 1945. C. In 1948. D. In 1970.

14. What has happened in recent decades?

A. The world population has stopped ageing.

B. WHO has succeeded in controlling tobacco.

C. The people's lifestyles have become healthier.

D. The noncommunicable diseases have increased.

15. What is the best title of the passage?

A. The Goals of WHO B. A Health Organization

C. The History of WHO D. An Organization Foundation

【答案】12. C    13. C    14. D    15. B

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Develop Your Reading Skills

Reading is not just an important professional skill. It is also a way to enjoy informative creative, and inspiring works of literature that enrich our life experiences. Like any skill worth mastering, a reading skill requires time and dedication to develop.____16____. Let's begin practicing good reading skills at once.

Read for content. When you read, read for the main idea of each paragraph, along with its supporting reasons. When building up lapsed reading skills, it can be helpful to read with a pencil in hand.____17____.

Look up unfamiliar words. Merriam Webster online is a wonderful and thorough resource for defining unfamiliar words.____18____When you reach a good stopping point, return to each unfamiliar word and look it up, re-reading the sentence it appeared in. This helps contextualize the word and its usage in case there are multiple meanings.

Learn to appreciate context. When encountering unfamiliar words or ideas, often the literary, historical, or social context of the text can offer clues as to what the character or writer is talking about.____19____. The research will help you understand the different levels of context presented by a text.

____20____. Particularly if you are a fan of novels and short stories, becoming familiar with common literary tactics is an important part being a better reader. Try understand common tools like metaphor, hyperbole, parallel structure, personification, and alliteration. These literary device can enrich your reading experience significantly.

A. Keep reading materials in handy.

B. Become familiar with literary devices

C. However, it is definitely worth practicing

D. Reading can be more interesting and satisfying

E. This may require a small amount of outside research

F. Remember to underline or make a list of unfamiliar words

G. You are advised to take notes or underline the key idea of each paragraph

【答案】16. C    17. G    18. F    19. E    20. B

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus（马戏）.____21____there was only one family between us and the ticket counter.

This family had eight children, all probably____22____the age of 12, who were____23____talking about the clowns（小丑）, elephants, and____24____acts they would see that night.

The mother was holding her husband's____25____, looking up at him with a big smile on her face.____26____, when the ticket lady quoted（报价）the price, she let go of his hand, and her____27____dropped. The father's lip began to____28____. He moved a little____29____and asked, "How much did you say?"

The ticket lady again quoted the price. Obviously, the man didn't have enough money.

Seeing what was going on, my dad_____30_____a $20 bill on the ground. Then he picked it up and said to the man, "Excuse me, sir, this fell_____31_____your pocket." The man_____32_____what was going on immediately. Looking_____33_____into my dad's eyes, he took the money and said "Thank you, sir. This really_____34_____a lot to me and my family."

That day we came home without any tickets. When I asked dad_____35_____he did so, dad said, "My child, it was heartbreaking and_____36_____for a father in that situation. Surely he wasn't_____37_____a helpful hand, but he needed our help.”

"We couldn't enjoy the circus tonight, but they could because of our kind help,"_____38_____my father with_____39_____on his face.

That was a_____40_____lesson I learned from my dad.

21. A. Finally B. Actually C. Really D. Nearly

22. A. at B. over C. under D. in

23. A. nervously B. hurriedly C. carefully D. excitedly

24. A. another B. all C. other D. few

25. A. arm B.  hand  C. coat D. pocket

26. A. So B. Although C. Instead D. However

27. A. head B. eyes C. smile D. face

28. A. move B. shake C. speak D. puzzle

29. A. closely B. near C. closer D. nearly

30. A. fell B. flew C. threw D. dropped

31. A. out B. from C. down D. away

32. A. recognized B. explained C. proved D. understood

33. A. straight B. straightly C. plain D. plainly

34. A. means B. proves C. helps D. gives

35. A. how B. what C. why D. when

36. A. exciting B. embarrassing C. amazing D. surprising

37. A. asking for B. looking after C. aware of D. adapting to

38. A. insisted B. reported C. added D.  quoted

39. A. excitement B. privacy C.  emotion  D. pride

40. A. previous B.  valuable  C. fascinating D. familiar

【答案】21. A    22. C    23. D    24. C    25. B    26. D    27. A    28. B    29. C    30. D    31. A    32. D    33. A    34. A    35. C    36. B    37. A    38. C    39. D    40. C

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A young man and an old man were waiting for a bus. They sat next to each other. “What's that in your bag?” asked the young man out of curiosity, ____41____(point) to a big bag beside the old man. “Gold. There was nothing but gold,” answered the old man. The young man,____42____could not believe his own ears, was in great surprise. Then he began to think about____43____to get the money. The old man was very tired and after____44____while the old man lay down on the chair and____45____(fall) asleep.

The young man took the big bag____46____(quiet). But when he was just about____47____(run) away, he found a corner of his fur coat was under the old man's body. He tried to pull it out but failed. At last he took____48____his coat, thinking that the gold in the bag must cost far more than his fur coat.

____49____(worry) but delighted, the young man ran out of the station as quickly as his legs could carry him, until he reached a place_____50_____he thought the old man couldn't find him. He stopped and quickly opened the bag but he just found a great many of small stones in it. Then he ran back to the station hurriedly only to find that the old man was gone.

【答案】41. pointing   

42. who    43. how   

44. a    45. fell   

46. quietly   

47. to run    48. off   

49. Worried   

50. where

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。

选词填空

51. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be__________ when I graduate.

52. Nothing was needed to hold walls together__________ the perfect fit of the stones.

53. By being__________ about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.

54. With strong support from the government and the tireless__________ of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built.

55. People in modern times can read the__________ works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.

56. There comes a time when the old must__________ the new, and it's impossible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.

57. Only when we learn to__________ in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.

58. We no longer have to wait in line or carry__________ around when we go shopping.

59. The country has a long history of producing great writers and__________.

60 The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and__________ make the world a better place.

【答案】51. fluent   

52. other than   

53. positive   

54. efforts   

55. classic   

56. give way to   

57. exist    58. cash   

59. poets    60. thus

第二节（满分25分）

61. 你班将举办主题为"How to Stay Safe Online"的英语沙龙活动。请你结合自身体会拟写一份英语发言稿，内容包括：

1.健康上网，远离不良网站和信息；

2.控制上网时间，注意自我保护。

注意：

1.写作词数应为100左右；

2.发言稿开头已为你写好

Hello, everyone! It's my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on how to stay safe online.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】Hello, everyone! It's my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on how to stay safe online. There is too much information that might do harm to us on the Internet, like violence, porn and so on. Many students get addicted to the Internet. They spend too much time on it so that they are unable to concentrate on their studies. What's more, spending too much time on the Internet can make us short-sighted and do harm to our health too. So we should control our time online. Last but not the least, protect ourself and never give away any personal information when surfing the Internet.