2022年鲁教版（五四学制）九年级语法专题研究三、冠词（基础知识、例题及练习题）学案

语法专题研究3——冠词

ⅰ.基础知识

1.不定冠词a/an

（1）不定冠词a/an的基本用法

①泛指某人或某物，译为“一”；

例：A Chinese child is playing chess on the chair.

一位中国小孩正在椅子上下象棋。

②用于第一次提到的人或物的名称前；

例：This is a useful book.   这是一本有用的书。

③用于可数名词单数之前，指一类人或事物，一般不译出“一”的意思；

例：The Whites want their daughter to be a musician.

怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。

④用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”；

例：We go swimming three times a month.  我们每个月去游泳三次。

⑤用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”；

例：The cake is delicious, and I’d like a second one.

这个蛋糕很美味，我想再要一个。

⑥用在such，half，quite等词之后或what引导的感叹句中；

例：What a heavy rain!   好大的一场雨啊!

⑦用于固定搭配中：

（2）不定冠词a/an的区别：

        a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。

常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a，an的各种情况：

①an：an apple，an artist，an Asian country，an American girl...

②an：an earthquake，an egg，an eight-year-old boy，an 11-year-old boy...

③a：a European country...

④an：an idea，an interesting story，an orange...

⑤an：an old man，an outgoing girl...

⑥an：an umbrella，an ugly man，an unhappy smile，an unusual day...

⑦a：a useful book，a university student，a UFO，a usual story...

⑧an honest man，an hour...

2.定冠词the

①用于由限制性定语所修饰的名词前，指一类人或事物中特定的人或事物；

例：The woman under the tree is my mother.  树下的那位女士是我妈妈。

②特指上文已提及的或谈话双方都知道的人或事物；

例：Give me the book, please.   请把那本书给我。

③用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前；

例：play the piano/guitar/violin/drums 弹钢琴/弹吉他/拉小提琴/打鼓

④用在单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物；

例：The dog is more useful than the cat.狗比猫更有用。

⑤和某些形容词连用，表示一类人，在意义上常是复数；

例：the old老人；the sick 病人；the rich 富人

⑥用在姓氏的复数形式前，指一家人或夫妇；

例：the Smiths 史密斯一家/夫妇

⑦用在序数词及形容词或副词的最高级前；

例：the first floor 一楼；the tallest building 最高的建筑物

⑧用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前；

例：the Great Wall长城；the Science Museum 科学博物馆

⑨用在next，last，same，only等词前；

例：the only child独生子；the next moment下一刻

⑩用在表示具体的地点、方位、时间前；

例：in the east 在东方；on the left 在左边；in the morning在早晨

⑪用于固定搭配中：

3.零冠词

①用在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏等名词前；

例：after supper/ dinner/breakfast/lunch 晚饭/早饭/午饭后；

play football 踢足球；learn English 学英语；play chess下国际象棋

②用在与by 连用的交通工具名词前； 例：by train乘火车；by bus乘公共汽车

③用在人名、地名等专有名词前；     例：Beijing Street 北京大街

④用在节日、季节、月份、星期前；

例：Teachers’ Day 教师节；Sunday 星期天

⑤用在有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰的名词前；

例：my son我的儿子；this book 这本书；Jack’s bike 杰克的自行车

⑥用于固定搭配中：

ⅱ.练习题

1.--Do you know          girl with long curly hair?

--Yes, she is Mary. She plays          tennis very well.

2.I usually ride         bike to school. But this morning, I went to school by        

bus.

3.Hurry up! The concert will begin in            minute.

4.I had            egg and some milk for breakfast this morning.

5.           boy who is playing soccer over there is my classmate.

6.The man is driving at 40 kilometers            hour.

7.Nowadays, women play             important part in the job market.

8.This accident gives us          useful lesson. People can’t be too careful when driving.

9. The Yangko Dance is          traditional Chinese folk dance created by farmers.

10.The Spring Festival is one of            most important festivals in China.

专题三 冠词

一、语法填空基础题

1.Autumn is             beautiful season with fresh air and fallen leaves.

2.It’s just a short distance from here to             restaurant. Let’s walk there.

3.I have known this secret for          long time, but I didn’t tell it to anyone else.

4.We usually have three meals             day. We have breakfast at eight in the morning every day.

5.On Children’s Day, Jack received a prize for being             honest boy.

6.Compared with writing by hand, using           computer can correct mistakes more easily.

7.I have            eight-month-old sister and she is very lovely.

8.Steve lives in       European country, and he teaches in        university there.

二、语法填空

Last winter holiday, I visited 9.         village with only 11 houses. Although the village was very small, I spent 10.         whole day in it.

The village became popular because of Grandpa Huang’s hard work. He bought 11.         house there over 30 years ago, but in 2010 12.         village was to be pulled down. In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of 13.         own house and other houses. He painted things that he liked. In the village, there were many paintings of 14.            (animal), such as cats and birds. The most popular paintings for visitors were of famous people. One of them was 15.         picture of Andy. He was my favorite singer. I liked him so much that I asked 16.         visitor to take a photo of that painting and me. On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted 17.         lot of well-known Chinese sayings. From them, Grandpa Huang learned to live 18.         long and happy life.

I really had a good time in the village and wished to visit it again.