高考英语一轮复习基础知识精讲精练(人教版)学案

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I.请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：vast, swing, astnish, vercme, snwstrm, slide, whisper, pancake, cntent, bil, frtunate, cruel, muntainus
1 Lk! Sme children are riding n the rller-caster; thers are playing n the ______ .
2 She ________ injury t win the Olympic gld medal.
3 In English classes, we ften shw ________.
4 I had a ________ and a few steamed buns fr breakfast.
5 As we knw, water _________ at 100℃.
6 It was _________ f the mther t kill her wn kid.
7 French has many ________ regins fr skiing in winter.
8 I was s ________ t get the first prize that I felt very excited.
9 I am nt ________ t stay in my present jb s I am cnsidering changing a new ne.
10 She ________ t me that she was afraid t tell her mther the result.
11 On their way back t the campsite they were caught in a ________ .
12 It made me really _______ that he had knwn all abut ur secret plan.
13 Canada is a cuntry with ________ land but less ppulus.
第二组：failure, bttm, frtune, particular, wrn-ut, sense, utstanding, chew, hmeless, entertain, thrughut, difficulty, direct
14 I thank yu fr yur kindness frm the ________ f my heart.
15 Sme kids are very ________ abut fd, that’s, they dn’t have a balanced diet.
16 Old Li is very ppular with us, fr he has a gd ________ f humur.
17 After the peratin yu may find it hard t _________ and swallw(吞咽).
18 He _________ us all with a few interesting jkes.
19 I am a beginner f the English language and have sme _________ with its prnunciatin.
20 I am nt sure whether there is a _________ train t Beijing, r yu will have t transfer.
21 Basketball is played _________ the wrld. Lts f peple g in fr it.
22 After the severe fld, many peple became ________ and they didn’t have fd.
23 Lincln is ne f the _________ presidents f the American histry.
24 Thrw away yur _________ shes and buy a new pair.
25 He made a big ________ during the stay in Suth Africa.
26 The whle plan was cmpletely a ________.
II.把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
be cntent with badly ff pick ut cut ff star in knck int
1 After the pwer was _______, she had t deliver the baby in the darkness.
2 Wh d yu think will _______ this film?
3 We ________ the excellent achievement yu have made.
4 Yu shuldn’t cmplain s much. Other peple are much ________ than yu.
5 There are s many mdels n sale that I dn't knw which t ________.
6 Having a walk alng the street, I ________ ne f my friends wh were wrking in the same city.
III.. 介词/副词填空
1. Chinese peple are particular the feelings and cnfidence that clthes bring ut.
2. It’s nly a small imprvement but at least it’s a step the right directin.
3. They sat at the back f the rm, talking whispers.
4. Yu never knw hw he is ging t react the news.
5. He was a little afraid, s he fell asleep with the lights .
6. The cuple are very cntent the life in thecuntryside, where everything ges quietly and cmfrtably.
7. Can yu direct me the pst ffice?
8. It tk Mary a lng time t pick a new dress at the stre.
9. We shuld respect everyne, ur parents and the elderly particular.
10. I went t her hme and fund her living cnditin was wrse than mine.
IV. 完成句子
1. Yur rm is always . Yu shuld get it tidy.
你的房间总是很乱。你应该使它保持整洁。
2. A new reprt says Indian web users reached 112 millin in September,
wrldwide.
一份新报告说印度网络使用者在九月达到了1. 12亿, 这让印度成为全球第三大互联网市场。
3. Mre peple, in the survey, are becming cnscius f health prblems.
很多人, 正如在调查中发现的那样, 正意识到健康问题。
4. The farmers are the best seeds fr the autumn swing.
农民们正在挑选最好的种子用于秋种。
5. Hw did he the punishment he was given fr his cruel cnduct?
他对自己因残忍的行为而受到的处罚反应如何?
6. The sea plicemen such as strng winds, high waves, as well as cld weather, and finally succeeded in saving 32 sailrs.
海警们克服了强风、巨浪、寒冷的天气等困难, 终于成功救起了32名海员。
7. If he hadn’t been his fd, he wuld be healthier nw.
如果他对食物不那么挑剔的话, 他现在就会更健康。
8. Thse wh are nt the prgress they have made will wrk harder.
那些不满意自己的进步的人会更努力地工作。
9. Rse is a very humrus girl, and she ften funny stries and jkes.
罗斯是个很幽默的女孩, 她常讲滑稽的故事和笑话让我们开心。
10. In rder nt t let the thers hear what he said, he me.
为了不让别人听到他说的话, 他小声把消息告诉了我。
V. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. On the bank f the river, we fund him (sit)n a bench, with his eyes
(fix)n a kite in the sky.
2. At the airprt, a man dressed in a black suit was caught (spit)n the clean flr.
3. Kitty pened her eyes, and t her surprise, she fund herself (lie)n the flr f her living rm.
4. The church (date)frm the 18th century is under repair at present.
5. My favurite cartn character is Mickey Muse. It’s s (excite)that I ften feel (excite)when I see it.
6. With a deadly typhn (break)ut, mre than 600 peple were listed as either dead r missing.
7. He has given us several telephne calls (cnvince)us f his hnesty and determinatin.
8. The driver braked hard t avid (hit)a child cming in his way.
9. It lks like my cusin, but I dn’t remember him (wear)a pair f glasses.
10. Listen! D yu hear smene (call)fr help?
VI.阅读理解七选五
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which yur vehicle is thrwn int the water, with yu trapped inside, is abslutely terrifying. 1 Hwever, mst deaths result frm panic, withut a plan r understanding what is happening t the car in the water. By adpting a brace psitin(防冲击姿势), acting decisively and getting ut fast, yu can save yurself frm a sinking vehicle.
Brace yurself fr impact(撞击力). As sn as yu’re aware that yu’re ging ff the rad and int a bdy f water, adpt a brace psitin. The impact culd set ff the airbag system in yur vehicle, s yu shuld place bth hands n the steering wheel in the “ten and tw” psitin.
Und yur seatbelt. 2 Unbuckle the children, starting with the ldest first. Frget the cell phne call. Yur car isn’t ging t wait fr yu t make the call.
3 Leave the dr alne at this stage and cncentrate n the windw. A car’s electrical system shuld wrk fr up t three minutes in water, s try the methd f pening it electrnically first. Many peple dn’t think abut the windw as an escape ptin either because f panic r misinfrmatin abut drs and sinking.
Break the windw. If yu aren’t able t pen the windw, r it nly pens halfway, yu’ll need t break it with an bject r yur ft. It may feel cunter-intuitive(有悖常理的)t let water int the car. 4
Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has been filled with water and it has becme balanced, yu must mve quickly and effectively t ensure yur survival. 5 While there is still air in the car, take slw, deep breaths and fcus n what yu’re ding.
A. Open the windw as sn as yu hit the water.
B. Surviving a sinking car is nt as difficult as yu think.
C. It takes 60 t 120 secnds fr a car t fill up with water usually.
D. Such accidents are particularly dangerus due t the risk f drwning.
E. In cnclusin, if yu knw what t d in the water, yu will be safe.
F. This is the first thing t attend t, yet it ften gets frgtten in the panic.
G. But the sner the windw is pen, the sner yu can escape directly thrugh it.
ⅤII. 语法填空
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu heard f a student awarded master’s degree? Of curse. But the fllwing student is quite different. Because she is 1. _______blind and deaf. She is a cmbinatin f disabilities that is ne f the mst severe knwn t mankind. Mrs Michelle Smith 2. _______(enjy)a special success when she was awarded a master’s degree at Teachers’ Cllege, New Yrk, in the spring f 2005.
She did it with a lt f help frm a lt f friends and 3. _______(vlunteer). Michelle, wh received her degree in educatin f blind and visually impaired(受损的)learners, 4. _______(believe)t be the first t gain a graduate degree frm a tp, famus university. She is an instructr at the Helen Keller Natinal Centre in Sands Pint, New Yrk, 5. _______she teaches Braille, vcabulary, sign language and ther cmmunicatin skills t thse wh are deaf-blind like her. Fr five years, she
6. _______(drive)t and frm New Yrk City fr her classes by Mrs Linda Stillman, wh als served 7. _______her interpreter. During classes, Mrs Stillman wuld sit next t Michelle and hld her hand, using the manual alphabet(als knwn as fingerspelling) 8. _______(cmmunicate). Michelle als participated fully in class, ging n all field trips and 9. _______(ask)questins in class. Outside class, many f her friends and helpers helped her read textbks and write research papers.
Accrding t ne prfessr at Teachers’ Cllege, Michelle was nt nly a fine student but als 10. _______inspiratin t us all.
答案：
I.第一组：1. swing(s) 2. vercame 3. slides 4 .pancake 5. bils 6. cruel 7. muntainus 8. frtunate 9. cntent 10. whispered 11. snwstrm 12. astnished 13. vast
第二组：14. bttm 15. particular 16. sense 17. chew 18. entertained 19. difficulty 20. direct 21. thrughut 22. hmeless 23. utstanding 24 .wrn-ut 25 .frtune 26. failure
II.1. cut ff 2. star in 3. are cntent with 4. wrse ff 5. pick ut 6. kncked int
III.1. abut 2. in 3. in 4. t 5. n 6. with 7. t 8. ut 9. in 10. ff
IV.1. in a mess 2. making it the third largest Internet market
3. as has been discvered 4. picking ut
5. react t 6. vercame the difficulties
7. s particular abut 8. cntent with
9. entertains us with 10. whispered the news t
V.1. sitting；fixed 2. spitting 3. lying 4. dating 5. exciting；excited
6. breaking 7. cnvincing 8. hitting 9. wearing 10. calling
VI.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了当汽车掉入水中时, 人们应该如何自救。
1. 【解析】选D。根据下文的. . . the car in the water. 以及. . . save yurself frm a sinking vehicle. 可知答案。
2. 【解析】选F。根据上文的Und yur seatbelt. 及全文可知, 要想尽快逃生必须首先解开安全带。
3. 【解析】选A。根据下文的. . . cncentrate n the windw. 和Many peple dn’t think abut the windw as an escape ptin either because f panic. . . 可知答案。
4. 【解析】选G。根据本段开头的Break the windw. 可知此处要讲破窗逃生的必要性和重要性。
5. 【解析】选C。上文讲述车内外的水达到平衡时, 立刻逃出去; 而下文说当车里还有空气时, 要缓慢地深呼吸, 所以此处讲述“车灌满水需要的时间”是符合语境的。
VII.【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文, 讲述了聋盲人Michelle Smith通过自己的努力以及朋友、志愿者的帮助取得硕士学位的励志故事。
1. 【解析】bth。根据“blind and deaf”和“a_______(cmbine)f disabilities”可知, 本文的主人公Michelle既听不见又看不见。故填bth。
2. 【解析】enjyed。结合主从复合句“时态一致原则”可知, 应用一般过去时。
3. 【解析】vlunteers。根据and前后词性、形式保持一致的原则可知, 此处与friends保持一致, 故用名词的复数形式。
4. 【解析】is believed。此句表示性质, 故用一般现在时; believe这一动作与句子主语Michelle构成逻辑上的被动关系, 故用一般现在时的被动语态。
5. 【解析】where。where引导定语从句, 在从句中作地点状语, 修饰先行词“the Helen Keller Natinal Centre”。
6. 【解析】was driven。由语境及后面的by Mrs Linda Stillman可知, 别人用车接送她, 故用被动语态。
7. 【解析】as。serve as担任, 充当。
8. 【解析】t cmmunicate。use sth. t d sth. “用某物来做某事”。
9. 【解析】asking。根据and前后词性、形式保持一致的原则可知, 此处与ging保持一致, 故用现在分词形式作伴随状语。
10. 【解析】an。inspiratin用作可数名词, 意为“鼓舞人心的人(或事)”。