08 自然探索 2022年八年级热点话题时文题型专练

2022年英语时文阅读八年级强化篇

主题：自然探索

001   A完形填空     库库泰尼-特里波耶：东欧失落的文明

002   B阅读理解     乞拉朋齐对英国人来说过于潮湿

003   C阅读理解     世界上濒临灭绝的声音

004   D阅读理解     肯尼亚开始第一次野生动物数量普查

005   E任务型阅读   卑诗省的野火

006   F短文填空     第44届世界遗产大会

007  传统文化趣味读  中国七夕节鲜花交易蓬勃发展

A完形填空

主题：库库泰尼-特里波耶：东欧失落的文明

“You know there is a book by Jules Verne called The Mysterious Island, where people find themselves on an island and begin to build a civilisation（文明）？”  1  an archaeologist（考古学家）．“But here it is not a fictional（虚构的） story，” he said．“This is a  2  story．”Silenced twice, once by time and again by politics, the ancient civilisation of Cucuteni- Trypillia is once again finding  3  to share its story.

The story of Trypillia, as it is commonly 4,started 7,000 years ago  5  what is now Eastern Europe. Excavated（发掘）settlements （定居点）offer modern archaeologists one of the earliest known＿6＿of urbanization （城市化） and suggest a population that is more than one million people.

The people of Trypillia “managed to use almost all technological  7  of their time,” said Videiko. Advanced technologies created good pottery（陶器）decorated（装饰） with patterns and colour. Construction techniques  8 for buildings as large as 700 square meters. Found objects indicate a culture that worshipped（崇拜）goddesses.

Trypillia research was firstly  9  by the Soviet Union（苏联）， which funded（为·····提供资金）archaeological projects. Some officials believed it was a classless society without private ownership. It is thought that“ Trypillia was a wonderful example of a pre-class, classless society,” said Videiko. But  10  there are signs that Trypillia may not have been the classless ideal place it first appeared, things quickly changed.

B阅读理解

主题：乞拉朋齐对英国人来说过于潮湿

Known as one of the world's wettest places, water has long shaped life in Cherrapunji（乞拉朋齐）The rain drove British colonizers（殖民者）crazy，inspired amazing creativity among the local Khasi tribe and even developed a modern tourism industry. But now，nature＇s bounty（大量给予之物）might be drying up after a record-breaking run.

"We have had almost incessant rains here since the 28th last [May 1827],”wrote David Scott, an agent to the Governor General, in a letter dated 10 June 1827, in one of the earliest references to the rains in Cherrapunji.

Suffered from the tropical（热带的）heat of the subcontinent （次大陆），British colonials were often in search of cooler climates -it was a widely-held belief among the British of the time that colder temperatures were healthful and could help in curing（治愈） disease. In search of a place that offered both cool weather and tactical（战术上的）advantages，Scott turned to the village known as Cherrapunji.

Home to Khasi people who, according to an account written by British agent Robertson in 1832,were seen as relatively friendly to British forces, Cherrapunji's high altitude （海拔）promised cooler temperatures． In 1831，on Scott＇s recommendation, the British government in India established a hill station in Cherrapunji as their headquarters（总部）in north-east India, not knowing that the cool, calm mountain weather would soon take a bad turn

1．The rain of Cherrapunji promotes（促进） the growth of_________.

A. the craziness of the local people

B. tourism

C. the coolest weather

D. the train system

2. What does the underlined word “incessant” mean in the second paragraph?

A.磅礴的。   B.上升的。              C.下降的。       D.不停的。

3.British colonials were seeking for a place with________ weather.

A. hot   B. rainy                  C. cool       D. sunny

4.Where do Khasi people live?

A. India.

B. The United States.

C. Great Britain.

D. South Africa.

5. What can be inferred from the ending of the passage?

A. The weather in the headquarters in India would be rainy.

B. British colonizers liked the new headquarters.

C. British colonizers were cured by the weather.

D. Cherrapunji created new lives out of

C阅读理解

主题：世界上濒临灭绝的声音

Before you read this passage, close your eyes and listen for a moment. What did you hear? What you possibly didn't hear is silence, and if you ask Gordon Hempton, that's a problem.

Hempton has circled the globe three times in the last 41 years searching for and documenting（记录）the planet＇s“ solar-powered jukebox （点唱机）”of disappearing natural soundscapes （声景）. He＇s stayed inside a hollowed-out （中空的） Sitka spruce log（阿拉斯加云杉原木）in the Pacific Northwest to record “the world's largest violin”; floated down the Amazon River in a canoe（独木舟）to track the music of rare， flying songbirds； and won an Emmy for his documentary, The Vanishing Dawn Chorus，which captured the mixed sounds of dawn（黎明） breaking across six continents.

Yet，the sound that Hempton is most eager to preserve（保护） is the most endangered of all: quiet.

“Why save quiet?” Hempton whispered, holding a decibel （分贝）reader and looking at the 500-year-old tree in the Washington's Olympic National Park. “Isn't global warming more important, and harmful waste clean-up and endangered animals? Well, when you save quiet, you actually end up saving everything else, too."

To Hempton， quiet isn’t the absence （不存在） of sound， but the quieting of the man-made noise pollution that has filled the planet. Most recently, he is going to preserve the Earth's last natural soundscapes from humans＇racket（吵闹）through “quiet tourism". Hempton is hoping to change how we "see" the world, and to "save quiet for the benefit of all life"

1.The writer starts the passage by________.

A. giving an example

B. telling a joke

C. comparing two facts

D. raising a question

2.The goal of Hempton's saving quiet is to        .

A. stop global warming

B. clean harmful waste

C. save endangered animals

D. protect everything on earth

3.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

A. Silence is rare to be found on earth.

B. To Hempton, quiet is equal to no sound.

C. Hempton likes to talk to share his stories.

D. Saving quiet benefits all creatures except humans.

4.What is the purpose of writing this passage?

A. To introduce Gordon Hempton.

B. To get people's attention to quiet.

C. To introduce “quiet tourism”.

D. To ask people to keep silent

D阅读理解

主题：肯尼亚开始第一次野生动物数量普查

配对阅读。在右栏中为左栏的内容选择正确的选项配对，选项中有两项为多余选项。

1.                                                                          

2.                                                                          

3.                                                                          

4.                                                                          

5.                                                                           

E任务型阅读

主题：卑诗省的野火

It's been a few relatively calm days on the front lines of some of British Columbia's most worrying wildfires, but officials are warning that the season is far from over.

With more than a month of summer left to go, it is already the fourth most destructive（破坏性的） wildfire season recorded in B.C. in terms of area burned this year, with more than 8,520 square kilometres scorched （烧焦） by Wednesday evening.

It＇s increasingly likely that 2021 will surpass（超过）1958＇s record of 8,560 square kilometres in total, putting it in third place, just behind the terrible back-to-back seasons of 2017 and 2018.

A stretch（一段时间） of rain and cooler temperatures have helped to stop some of the terrible fires that have led to widely spread destruction.

Many alerts and orders have been cancelled over the last two days as the danger was disappearing. However，one was issued（发 布） on Wednesday afternoon for Gwen Lake， south of Merritt， B.C. due to the nearby July Mountain wildfire.

But the B.C. Wildfire Service has warned that because the weather was so dry and hot for so long at the beginning of the summer， there is still a lot of dried-out fuel （燃料） available for fires to burn through.

We're answering your questions about climate change. Send yours to ask @ aaa.ca, and we'll answer as many as we can.

阅读短文，回答下面1～5小题。

1.What does the underlined sentence "the season is far from over" mean in the first paragraph?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

2.How many square kilometres have been burned by Wednesday evening?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

3.What can help to stop the wildfires in some way?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

4.Why have the alerts and orders been cancelled?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

5.If you have any questions about climate change, what could you do?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

F短文填空

主题：第44届世界遗产大会

The 44th session（会议） of the World Heritage（遗产）Committee（WHC） ended on Saturday in Fuzhou with a total of 34 new sites（地点）(1)__________to the World Heritage List. The current session's inscriptions, which(2)__________ 29 cultural sites and five natural(3)_________,bring the total number of sites on UNESCO's World Heritage (4)_________1,154.The Chongqing Wulipo National Nature Reserve（重庆五里坡国家级自然保

护区）officially（5）__________ part of the Hubei Shennongjia World Heritage Site after a small change to Shennongjia＇s boundaries （边界） during the session.

The WHC reviewed over 200 conservation（保护）reports of world heritage properties（财产），and recognized（6）                 properties, namely （即）the Great Wall of China， and Tai National Park and Comoe National Park，both in Cote d＇Ivoire （科特迪瓦）， as the model cases of conservation and management, said Tian Xuejun, the chair of the 44th session of the WHC.

The Fuzhou Declaration（宣言） was adopted during the session， restating the principle of the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage（《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》），and calling（7）_____________more support to(8)__________countries, especially to African countries and Small Island Developing States.

The WHC also fully recognized the achievements and progress made (9)__________the Salonga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo（刚果民主共和国） in getting rid of threats of war and illegal hunting（非法打猎），and agreed to remove（10）____________from the List of World Heritage in Danger

阅读短文，在短文空缺处填入适当的单词，使短文通顺，意思完整。

(1)_____________  (2) _____________  (3) _____________  (4) _____________  (5) _____________ 

(6) _____________  (7) _____________  (8) _____________  (9) _____________  (10) _____________ 

传统文化趣味读

中国七夕节鲜花交易蓬勃发展

The Qixi Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh month of the Chinese lunar calendar, celebrates the legend of the annual meeting between the mythological figures of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl（牛郎和织女）.

Kunming， China＇s main supplier （供货商） of flowers，reported huge sales in the run-up（预备阶段） to this year's Qixi Festival, or the Chinese Valentine's Day, on Saturday.

The Kunming International Flora Auction Trading Center （昆明国际花卉拍卖交易中心）has traded over 80 million stems of fresh cut flowers since Aug. 3, when the region's major flower auction market started to prepare for Qixi, compared with over 40 million in the same period last year. A large supply，a short stocking（储存） period and stable （稳定的） prices are the main features of the Qixi flower market this year.

Yunnan in southwest China is among the world's top producers of fresh cut flowers. It produced 14.7 billion stems of fresh cut flowers last year.

Despite the influence of the COVID-19 and bad weather, sellers and experts have noted a strong momentum（势头） in China＇s flower industry， as expanding production keeps up with the country＇s growing needs for flowers.

He Wei, manager of a local flower company, said the firm sent out more than 10,000 packages a day in the days before Qixi, compared with 3,000 on a normal day

答案解析

【A完形填空】

1．B。考查动词辨析。A项意为“批评”，B项意为“问”，C项意为“评论”，D项意为“解释”。空格前是一个问句，且没有体现说话者的情感倾向，B项最符合文意，故选B。

2．A。考查形容词辨析。A项意为“真实的”，B项意为“错误的”，C项意为“无聊的”，D项意为“最喜爱的”。空格前提到这不是一个虚构的故事，根据空格前的But可知前后文为转折关系，故空格处所填词和前文中的 fictional（虚构的）需相互对应。故选A。

3．D。考查名词辨析。A项意为“讨论”，B项意为“呼喊”，C项意为“噪声”，D项意为“声音”。空格所在句意为：古文明库库泰尼-特里波耶再次找到了分享其故事的          。将选项一一代入原文，只有D项最符合语境，故选D。

4．A。考查动词辨析。A项意为“知道，了解”，B项意为“意味着”，C项意为“发现”，D项意为“报告”。as it is commonly known为固定搭配，意为“众所周知”，代入原文后符合语境，故选A。

5．C。考查介词辨析。A项意为“在（某处）”时后面常接小地点；B项意为“在·····上”；C项意为“在（某处）”时后面常接大地点；D项意为“属于··...”，表示所属关系。空格后的 Eastern Europe（东欧）为大地点，需用介词in。故选C。

6．B。考查名词辨析。A项意为“宫殿”，B项意为“例子”，C项意为“建筑”，D项意为“影响”。空格所在句意为：挖掘出的定居点为现代考古学家提供了已知最早的城市化        之一，并表明人口已超过一百万。将选项一一代人原文，只有B项最符合语境，故选B。

7．C．考查名词辨析。A项意为“图像”，B项意为“邀请”，C项意为“发明”，D项意为“岛屿”。空格所在句意为：特里波耶人设法利用了他们那个时代几乎所有的技术         。将选项一一代入原文，只有C项最符合句意。故选C。

8.A。考查动词辨析。A项意为“允许”，B项意为“破坏，损坏”，C项意为“推断·...的年代”，D项意为“决定”。空格所在句意为：建筑技术          建筑面积达700平方米。A项最符合句意，故选A。

9．A．考查动词辨析。A项意为“支持”，B项意为“拒绝”，C项意为“训练”，D项意为“重复”。空格所在句意为：对特里波耶的研究首先得到了苏联的          ，苏联资助了该考古项目。将选项一一代人原文，只有A项最符合句意。故选A。

10．C。考查连词辨析。A项意为“除非”，B项意为“在····之前”，C项意为“当···时”，D项意为“尽管”。空格所在句意为：但是，           有迹象表明特里波耶可能不是它最初呈现出的无阶级理想之地，情况很快发生了变化。将选项一一代入原文，只有C项最符合句意。故选C。

【B阅读理解】

1．B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句 The rain drove British colonisers crazy, inspired amazing creativity among the local Khasi tribe and even developed a modern tourism industry.（这里的雨曾让英国殖民者发狂，激发了当地卡西部落惊人的创造力，甚至发展了现代旅游业。）可知，B项符合文意，故选B。

2．D。词义猜测题。根据后半句 since the 28th last［May 1827］可知此处表达的是一种持续的状态，故猜测 incessant 表示“不停的”之意，代入文中符合文意。B、C两项只能修饰“雨量”，而不能修饰“雨”本身。A项与文意不符。故选D。

3．C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句中的British colonials were often in search of cooler climates（英国殖 民者经常寻找较凉爽的气候）可知C项正确。故选C。

4．A。细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句 Home to Khasi people...Cherrapunji's high altitude promised cooler temperatures.（卡西人····的家乡乞拉朋齐海拔高，气温较低。）可知卡西人居住在乞拉朋齐，结合下文可知乞拉朋齐位于印度，故选A。

5.A。推理判断题。第四段第二句指出 the British government in India established a hill station in Cherrapunji as their headquarters in north-east India...（驻印度的英 府在乞拉朋齐建立了一个山中避暑地，作为他们在印度东北部的总部··....）。由此可知，总部位于乞拉朋齐，而前文提及乞拉朋齐地区连年下雨，并且文末又提到凉爽、平静的山区天气即将变得糟糕，故可以推测该地区会迎来多雨的天气。B、C、D三项文中未提及，故选人。

【C阅读理解】

1．D．语篇理解题。根据文章第一段第二句可知，文章通过一个问题引出了下面的话题，并不是举例子、讲笑话或做比较，故选D。

2．D．细节理解题-根据文章第四段最后一句Well，when you save quiet, you actually end up saving everything else, too.（嗯，当你保护安静时，你其实最终也保护了其他所有东西。）可知，拯救安静也就是拯救了其他所有的事物，这也是汉普顿的最终目标。而A、B、C三项都过于片面，

3．A．细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，安静是世界上濒临灭绝的声音，故A项表述正确；通过文章最后一段第一句可知，汉普顿认为安静并不是声音的缺失，故B项表述不正确；C项在文章中并未提及，故无法得知；根据文章最后一段最后一句可知，拯救安静是为了所有生命的利益，故D项表述不正确。故选A。

4．B．主旨大意题。文章介绍了汉普顿为了拯救安静而做出的一系列举措，其目的是让人们注意到安静这种声音正在消失，B项最能概括文章主旨，故选B。

【D阅读理解】

1．D。题干意为“收集数据”。D项中的Much of the data on Kenya's wildlife population are collected individually by local groups or international conservationists（许多关于肯尼亚野 生动物数量的数据都是由当地团体或国际自然环境保护主义者单独收集的）描述了数据的收集，符合题干所述，故选D.

2．E．题干意为“如何应用数据”。E项中的 The result is that many scientists prefer to use models built by the data to map wildlife instead of following animals（结果是，许 多科学家更喜欢使用由数据构建的模型来绘制野生动物地图，而不是跟踪动物）指出许多科学家是如何应用数据的，故选E。

3．C。题干意为“野生动物数量的锐减”。C项中的African elephants have been particularly hard-hit, with their numbers decreasing by at least 60 percent during the last half-century （非洲象受到的打击尤其严重，在过去半个世纪中，非洲象的数量至少减少了60％）说明了野生动物数量锐减的现状。故选C。

4．A。题干意为“风和灰尘”。A项中的 As strong wind sent clouds of dust flying into the air, lowering visibility to less than half a kilometer, the three pilots circled back for home after a four-hour task.（由于狂风将尘土吹向空中，使得能见度降低到不到五百米，三名飞行员在完成了四个小时的飞行任务后，盘旋返航。）描绘了风和灰尘。故选A。

5．B。题干意为“十分令人担忧的栖息地现状”。B项中的The data is already worrying. Many of the animals were spotted around watering holes close to people's homes, which means that human is now in wildlife area.（数据已 经令人担忧。许多动物在靠近人类住处的水坑周围被发现，这表明人类现在生活在野生动物区。）表达了作者的担忧，因为人类的居住地已经十分接近野生动物的领地了。故选B。

【E任务型阅读】

1． It means that the wildfires will possibly continue．本句中 的 season 是指 the wildfire season（野火季节），前面提到野火前线最近几天比较平静，接着but表示转折，引出官员们的警告，由此可知，野火季节并未结束。

2.More than 8,520 square kilometres．根据文章第二段提 及的 with more than 8,520 square kilometres scorched by Wednesday evening可知，截至周三晚上，已有超过8520平方千米的区域被野火吞噬。

3.Rain and cooler temperatures.根据文章第四段中的A stretch of rain and cooler temperatures have helped to stop some of the terrible fires（连绵的降雨和较低的温度帮助阻止了一些可怕的火灾）可知雨水和低温能够帮助阻止野火。

4.Because the danger was disappearing.根据文章第五段第 一句 Many alerts and orders have been cancelled over the last two days as the danger was disappearing.（过去两天， 随着危险的消退，许多警报和命令被取消。）可知，警报和命令被撤销是因为危险的降低.

5． I could send an email to ask＠aaa．ca．根据文章最后一段可知，如有任何问题都可以发邮件到ask＠aaa.ca邮箱里。

【F短文填空】

（1）added。结合空格前提到的34 new sites（34处新遗址）和空格后提到的世界遗产名录总数产生的变化可知，空格处要表达的是“共有34处新遗址被列人《世界遗产名录》”。add意为“添加；增加”，与空格后的to构成搭配。add和其逻辑主语 a total of 34 new sites 构成被动关系，故填其过去分词added。

（2）include。根据前文可知，新增遗址有34处，这里的29处文化遗址和5处自然遗址是对34处遗址的细分，故用动词include表示“包括”。从句的先行词为inscriptions，为复数，用动词原形即可，故填include。

（3）ones。根据句子结构和句意可知空格处指sites，为避免重复，故用代词代替。代词代指同类事物时需用one，sites为复数，故填ones。

（4）to。空格所在句意为：使联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录总数       1154处，用介词to表示“增至，达到” 的含义，故填to。

（5）became。空格所在句意为：大会期间针对神农架的边界做了一些小改动，在此之后，重庆五里坡国家级自然保护区正式        湖北神农架世界遗产地的一部分。根据句子结构可知空格处需要填入一个谓语动词，主语是 The Chongqing Wulipo National Nature Reserve， 根据语境可知空白处需表示“成为”的含义，且时态为一般过去时，故填became。

（6）three。根据后文内容可知此空所指就是后文提及的三处遗产，故填three。

（7）for。call for表示“呼吁”，为固定搭配，符合文意，故填 for。

（8）developing。后文提到了非洲国家和小岛屿国家，这些多是发展中国家，故用developing countries来概括这些国家。故填 developing。

（9）by。根据句意可知成就及进展是由刚果民主共和国的萨隆加国家公园取得的，被动动作的施动者前用介词by。故填by。

（10）it。空格处指代前文提到的萨隆加国家公园，故填it.