备战2022年中考考前仿真训练【语篇翻译专项】（湖南省专用)（有答案）

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备战2022年中考考前仿真训练【语篇翻译专项】（湖南省专用）（答案版） Passage 1 （2022·湖南邵阳·一模）阅读短文，将文中画线的句子译成汉语或英语。A special lecture began on Thursday morning, given by a teacher aboard a space module about 340 km above her students on Earth, the first such attempt by Chinese. Astronaut Wang Yaping, one of the three crew members of Shenzhou-10 spacecraft, greeted about 330 primary and middle school students at a Beijing high school, through a live video feed system. “Hello, everyone. I am Wang Yaping. 1. 今天我上这堂课。” She said. The students in her class are gathering at the High School Affiliated to Renmin University in Beijing. 2. More than 60 million students and teachers are also watching the live broadcast(直播) on TV. 3. 这堂课的第一部分都是关于重量。 Nie Haisheng, commander of the crew, made a bit show of crossing his legs into a meditation sitting posture in the air, which only a martial art master can do in the movies but is impossible for real people on the Earth. “4. Thanks to the weightless condition, we are all masters,” Wang joked. Then, she introduced the special scale on board of the orbiter. 5. The lesson is aimed(旨意) at making space more popular, as well as inspiring enthusiasm for the universe and science, according to Zhou Jianping, designer-in-chief of China’s manned space program, who added that the lesson will also accumulate experience for similar larger activities.1．________________________2．________________________3．________________________4．________________________5．________________________ 【答案】1．I will give the lesson today.2．超过6000万名师生也在电视上观看了现场直播。3．The first part of the class was all about weight.4．多亏了失重的环境，我们都成了大师5．这堂课旨在使太空更受欢迎Passage 2 （2022·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校一模）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。       The first people to go into space only went for short trips to see what it was like. Today, astronauts can spend weeks or even months living and working in space. 1.我们都知道在太空生活与在地球上生活是不一样的。So, what’s astronauts’ daily life like?       Brushing teeth       2.Astronauts brush their teeth as we do, but there is still a difference! On the International Space Station（ISS）, there is no weight pulling things downwards like on the earth, so everything including the water and toothpaste（牙膏）floats（漂浮）around. The toothpaste astronauts use can be swallowed（吞）after they brush their teeth and the mouth is then cleaned with a wet paper napkin. 3.They have to close their mouths to prevent the toothpaste from floating out!       Nutrition（营养）       Nutrition plays an important role in keeping the health of the astronauts. 4.然而，并不是所有的食物都能被带到太空去。The food is specially prepared to prevent from floating off a plate because of weightlessness. The food trays（托盘）are prepared on the ground for each astronaut and sent to the ISS before he/she arrives. Also, the food has to be specially treated so that it can last a long time.       Exercise       On the ISS, there is a running machine and a special exercise bicycle. 5.Astronauts do at least two hours of exercise every day to keep in good health. There are also some pulleys（滑轮）and ropes. All these help to keep their bones and muscles in good condition.6．__________________________________________________________________________7．__________________________________________________________________________8．__________________________________________________________________________9．__________________________________________________________________________10．__________________________________________________________________________【答案】6．We all know that living in space is different from living on earth.7．宇航员和我们一样刷牙，但还是有区别的！8．他们必须闭上嘴巴以防牙膏流出来！9．However, not all food can be taken into space.10．宇航员每天至少锻炼两小时以保持健康。Passage 3 （2022·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。It has long been said that learning a second language is helpful. Many schools offer bilingual（双语的）education. 1. However, learning a second language isn’t simply helpful to students. As you’ll see, it’s good for your future, no matter what your age is. Here are the top advantages of learning a second language. Developing Creativity2. 语言学习能很好地发展一个人的创造力。Learning how to put new words together to communicate well with others requires you to use your brain in a creative way. For example, language learning requires discovering new ways of expressing ideas and feelings. Improving Your Brain Muscles（肌肉）When you work to learn another language, you’re actually exercising your brain muscles. 3. Working hard to learn a new language will improve your ability to pay attention to, remember, and understand the material. What’s more, the old are encouraged to learn another language because studies have shown that it increases their brain health. Making International Communication EasierWhether you’re traveling abroad or doing business with someone abroad over the phone, the ability to communicate is important. 4. 当你能说另一种语言时, 交流就变得更容易了。As you travel, you’ll be able to find information yourself rather than depend on interpreters（口译员）. You will have a much better experience as you can communicate well with more people. 5. And this will lead you to the places you are interested in.11．________________________________________________________12．________________________________________________________13．________________________________________________________14．________________________________________________________15．________________________________________________________【答案】11．然而，学习第二语言并不仅仅对学生有帮助。12．Language learning can well develop one’s creativity.13．努力学习一门新的语言将提高你对材料的注意、记忆和理解能力。14．When you can speak another language, communication becomes easier.15．并且这将会把你带到你感兴趣的地方。Passage4  （2022·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。Can you imagine going to university at age 14? Jia Zijun, from Henan, did just that. He became the youngest freshman（大一新生）at Beihang University. 1. “I didn’t know I was the youngest until I got here, and it feels quite cool!” Jia said. Jia took part in the college entrance exam and got a total score of 642. 2. 人们常认为像他这样的学生肯定是天才（genius）。But Jia owes（归功于）his achievement mainly to curiosity（好奇）and study habits.        As he went to high school, he found things were getting harder to learn. 3. So he started to make plans every day and set goals for himself. “I would strictly follow the plan, and gradually（逐渐地）I’d see my progress. ”       Jia would also review what he learned each day before going to bed. 4. 如果有什么记不好，他就在第二天早上看一下。       “I was not good at English in high school, so I printed the vocabulary list and stuck（粘贴）it onto my bed. Every morning when I woke up, I looked through them, and it’s a good way to remember things. ”       When Jia felt stressful, he had a special way to relax: working on math problems. 5. “I’d find difficult problems to challenge myself, and when I worked it out, I felt really happy. ”       He told the reporter, he hopes he can keep his curiosity and study habits in university, and keep challenging himself to become a better person.16．___________________________________________________________17．___________________________________________________________18．___________________________________________________________19．___________________________________________________________20．___________________________________________________________【答案】16．到这里我才知道自己是最小的，感觉很酷。17．People often think students like him must be geniuses.18．因此他开始每天制定计划，为自己设定目标。19．If there was something he couldn’t remember well, he’d take a look at it the next morning.20．我会找难题来挑战自己，而当我解开它时，感觉真高兴。Passage 5  （2022·湖南岳阳·一模）阅读下面的短文，将文中的划线部分译成汉语或者英语。Emma stared sadly out of the window of the bus. Only 50 miles outside town was the farm. She thought about the farm all the time, especially the animals. When her family sold the farm and moved to nearby town, 1. Emma 如此激动以至于晚上无法入睡。But when she got to the new school, she felt very lonely. With a sigh（叹气）, Emma turned her attention back to the present. The bus came to a stop. “Welcome to the Leinweber Nature Center,” her teacher said. “A guide will give us an introduction about animals here, and then you’ll help to feed the baby squirrels（松鼠）.”Together, the girls walked into the center. 2. Then an animal keeper showed them how to feed baby squirrels with milk. Then the girls started to feed their own baby squirrels. After the babies finished eating, the keeper asked, “Would you like to help feed the adult squirrels, too?” Emma was quick to volunteer. When the keeper opened the first box, the squirrel inside jumped out. Emma kept calm（镇静的）, held out her hand, made quiet sounds, and then quickly made it. “Wow!” Julia said. “You are not afraid at all? 3. How I wish I can be brave like you!”“I know that when animals are frightened or excited, you have to stay calm.”The keeper nodded in agreement and asked Emma, “Are you interested in helping take care of the animals at the center?”“Interested? I would love to work here! 4. I will treat every animal nicely and spread love to them.” Emma was excited. That afternoon, in the bus on the way back to school, Emma sat next to Julia, her new friend. 5. 她的心中充满了快乐。She didn’t feel lonely anymore.21．_______________________________________________________22．_______________________________________________________23．_______________________________________________________24．_______________________________________________________25．_______________________________________________________【答案】21．Emma was so excited that she couldn’t fall asleep at night.22．然后一名动物饲养员向他们展示了如何用牛奶喂养小松鼠/松鼠宝宝。23．我多么希望像你一样勇敢!24．我会友善地对待每个动物并将爱传递给他们。25．Her heart was full of happiness/joy. /Her heart was filled with happiness/joy.Passage 6  （2022·湖南·长沙县湘郡未来实验学校一模）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。The most lively days of spring have come. This year, the Spring Equinox (春分), the fourth of the 24 solar terms (节气), falls on March 20th. 1. It marks the point when daytime and night divide the whole day in half.After this day, daytime will last longer than night. Therefore, it is not only important in China, but also in many other countries around the world. Spring Equinox Day is a public holiday in Japan. In Iran, it is called “Nowruz”, which is also known as the Iranian New Year.2. 春分在中国是最好的外出、赏花和放风筝的时节。 There are also rituals (仪式) that have been kept over centuries, like balancing eggs. The idea is that on Spring Equinox, Earth’s axis (轴) is perpendicular (垂直的) to the sun. So Earth is supposed to be more balanced on this day. It’s usually very difficult to balance an egg because the yolk (蛋黄) is off-center. But on Spring Equinox, 3. it is believed that there are some special forces that can help. However, this isn’t true. If you focus long enough, you can actually balance an egg on its end any day of the year, 4. 所以你所需要的是大量的耐心。But balancing eggs is still a fun tradition for people. 5. In some places, people paint the eggs in many colors and hold egg-balancing competitions. Do you want to give it a try?26．________________________________________27．________________________________________28．________________________________________29．________________________________________30．________________________________________【答案】26．它标志着白天和黑夜将一整天一分为二/各占一半的时刻/时间点。27．The Spring Equinox is the best time for going out, enjoying/admiring flowers and flying kites in China.28．据信/说/悉/称有些可以提供帮助的特殊力量。29．so what/all you need is a lot of patience.30．在一些地方，人们把鸡蛋涂成多种颜色，并举行鸡蛋平衡比赛。Passage 7 （2022·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。What is the most important thing in a big competition? At the 2022 Winter Games, some Olympians gave us their answers. When the Japanese figure skater(花样滑冰运动员) Yuzuru Hanyu(羽生结弦) came to Beijing, he hoped to become the world’s first man to complete a “4 Axel.” 1. This had been his dream since he was a kid. The “4 Axel” jump is considered the hardest move in figure skating, 2. 甚至在练习中，它也会给滑冰者们带来危险。The big day came on February 10. Twenty seconds into his free skate, Hanyu almost completed his “4 Axel” jump. However, when his right foot touched down, he was off-balance and fell on the ice. He got a score of 188.06, then points short of the podium(领奖台). 3. 尽管这是一个令人感到失望的结果，他仍然带着微笑露面了。 “I have nothing left to give,” he said. To him, the most important thing in the competition was to try to give the best performance he could.Similarly, China’s Jin Boyang had no regrets, even though he walked away from the stadium without a medal, either. At the men’s short program on February 8, he ended up in eleventh place among the 30 competitors. Two days later, at the men’s figure skating, 4. he kept his cool and created another personal best score. Compared to his younger self, Jin had become more confident and more strong-minded. To Jin, the most important thing in the competition was to win over himself to become a better skater.Pierre de Coubertin, founder of the International Olympic Committee(国际奥委会), famously said, “The important thing in life is not to win but to complete.” Life itself at times feels like a competition. You may not always be the winner, 5. but as long as you have put in an effort to overcome yourself, you are sure to be a medalist.31．__________________________________________________________________32．__________________________________________________________________33．__________________________________________________________________34．__________________________________________________________________35．__________________________________________________________________【答案】31．这是他从小一直以来的梦想。32．it can also bring danger to skaters even in practice.33．Although it was a disappointing result, he still showed up with a smile.34．他保持冷静并且创造了另一个个人最好的分数。35．但只要你努力战胜自己，你一定会成为一个奖牌获得者。Passage 8  （2022·湖南湘西·二模）阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Here are the results.We found that 1.只有百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all. We all know that many students often go online, 2. but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework.About watching television, only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day! 3. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.4. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 5.它有益于我们的健康。So start exercising before it’s too late!36．________________________________________________37．________________________________________________38．_______________________________________________39．_______________________________________________40．_______________________________________________【答案】36．Only fifteen percent of the students exercise every day.37．但我们惊讶的是，90%的学生每天都使用互联网。38．虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。39．通过使用互联网或看游戏类节目来放松是很好的。40．It is good for our health.Passage 9  （2022·湖南·湘邵阳县第四中学一模）阅读下面短文，将文中划线的句子译成汉语或英语。When you sit down with your family to eat a meal, do you ever wonder when and where people used chopsticks for the first time?1. It’s said that the first chopsticks were used in China 5,000 years ago. Since then, chopsticks have been widely used in many countries in Asia, such as China, Japan and Korea. 2. Today they are a symbol of Asian culture. Of Asian countries, Japan highlights (强调) the importance of chopsticks with a day to celebrate them. August 4 is named as Chopsticks Day in Japan.3. 筷子是由不同的材料制成的。The materials like bamboo and wood are common because they are easy to get. People also use bone (骨头) for chopsticks. 4. Even many valuable materials like silver can be used to make chopsticks.5. 在中国有很多关于筷子的餐桌礼仪。For example, never stick your chopsticks straight in your rice bowl. People think that is impolite to the host.41．________________________________________________________42．________________________________________________________43．________________________________________________________44．________________________________________________________45．________________________________________________________【答案】41．据说中国在5000年前就开始使用筷子了。42．如今，它们是亚洲文化的象征。43．Chopsticks are made of different materials.44．甚至像银这样有价值的材料也可以用来做筷子。45．There are many table manners about chopsticks in China.Passage10 （2022·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。There are many new ways of shopping, and online shopping is one of them. You can buy almost everything on the Internet, which is very easy. First, you choose something—a T-shirt, a ticket, a mobile phone, even a new computer and pay for it. 1. Then you receive it a few days later by post. Online shopping has several advantages. First, you can shop at any time as the shops are always open. However, physical stores have special opening hours. 2. 其次, 实体店购物通常花费很多时间。You may get tired and be trapped in the crowded people and cars.3. But to shop on the Internet you only need a computer and a mouse! You can also compare the prices of the same product and spend a lot...or save money. But many people like going out and shopping with friends. 4. They don’ like shopping on the Internet because they can’t see the product or try the clothes on. Also paying over the Internet isn’t always safe. 5. 网上购物正在改变我们的生活方式。One day no one will go to the shops any more, because you’ll be able to buy anything on the Internet, and you will be able to receive it anywhere in the world at any time!51．_________________________________52．_________________________________53．_________________________________54．_________________________________55．_________________________________【答案】51．然后几天后你就会通过邮寄的方式收到你买的物品。52．Second, shopping at/in a physical store usually takes a lot of time.53．但是在网上购物，你只需要一台电脑和一个鼠标。54．他们不喜欢网购，因为他们看不到实物，也不能试穿衣服。55．Online shopping is changing our way of life.Passage 11  （2022·湖南永州·一模）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。Tom is like any other teenager. He goes to school, does his homework, meets his friends and enjoys doing sports. But between 5:30 p.m.and 6:30 p.m. from Monday to Friday, Tom does something different. 1.他为全家人做饭：Mom, Dad, younger brother Joe and older sister Emma.2. “I think it’s important for teenagers to learn to cook meals. Math and English are important, of course, but they need other skills to help them in today’s world. 3. First I taught Tom how to cook easy meals. Then he started using recipes（食谱）in my cookery books. Yesterday he made vegetable soup. It was very good!”said Tom’s mom.“I love cooking and I think I’m really good at it. None of my friends cook meals. I don’t know why. 4.它不难,而且很有趣。”said Tom.In the past, Tom didn’t help out at home. His mom wasn’t very happy with him. Now, things are different and she is very happy.56．______________________________57．______________________________58．______________________________59．______________________________ :【答案】56．He cooks for all the family/ the whole family：57．我认为对青少年来说，学会做饭很重要。58．首先我教汤姆如何做一些简单的饭菜。59．It isn’t difficult and it’s very funny.Passage12 （2022·湖南长沙·一模）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。       When Jason’s parents saw him for the first time, they were shocked(震惊). 1This lovely little baby with blue eyes and curly hair was born disabled. But soon the young couple accepted this fact. Jason’s arms are just half   without hands and his legs aren’t fully grown either. They even forgot to think of him as disabled.       At the age of six, he told his mother he wanted to get down from the prosthetics(假肢)and play with other kids. This was the last time Jason had worn them. He now has an electric wheelchair(轮椅), but he never uses it at home or when it is easy for him to move using only his body.       Jason learned handwriting and coloring at school, holding the pan between the ends of his arms. 2他也学会了在家用叉子吃饭。When he was ten, he fell in love with football. 3He never had a pair of shoes in his life because of the shape of his feet. He only wore socks on the football field. 4他从未赢过一场比赛，但是他拒绝放弃。His strong arms and body, as well as some fantastic ways made him a respected(受尊重的)player on the school team. He went to a famous university after high school.       Now Jason still faces many challenges in life, 5but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done.“Never be afraid of any difficulty”, Jason often encourages others in his speeches.60．__________________________________________________________________________61．__________________________________________________________________________62．__________________________________________________________________________63．__________________________________________________________________________64．__________________________________________________________________________【答案】60．这个有着蓝色眼睛和卷发的可爱的小婴儿天生残疾。61．He also learned to eat with forks at home./He also learned to use forks to eat at home.62．因为他的脚的形状，他人生中从来没有拥有过一双鞋子。63．He never won a match, but he refused to give up.64．但是他会让你相信你能做到他已经做到的事。