备战2022年中考重点核心词汇归纳(关联词组,用法,中考链接)(有答案)练习题
展开这是一份备战2022年中考重点核心词汇归纳(关联词组,用法,中考链接)(有答案)练习题,共10页。试卷主要包含了 able adj,abrad adv,absent adj,accept v,accident n,achieve vt,act vt,add vt等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022中考重点核心词汇(一)
1. able adj. 能够……的;有能力的;能干的
关联词组:be able to do sth.能做某事
用法:be able to与can的区别:can只有现在式(can)和过去式(could)两种形式
而be able to可有各种时态。
词性转换:ability n.能力 形容词:disabled 有残疾的;丧失能力的
例句:Tom is a man of _________________(able). I should learn from him.
2.abroad adv.在国外;到国外
关联词组:study abroad海外留学work abroad在(到)国外工作
例句:为了实现梦想,出国学习是一个不错的选择。(in order to)
____________________________________________________________________
3.absent adj. 缺席的,不在的 关联词组:be absent from…缺席……
例句:你若是常常逃课,将会 考试不及格。(fail)
__________________________________________________________
5.accept v. 接受;认可
accept和receive的区别:receive: 收到(表客观)accept:接受(表主观)
例句:John ________a gift from David but he didn’t ___________ it. (receive / accept)
6.accident n. (交通)事故;意外
关联词组:traffic accident交通事故 by accident=by chance偶然
例句:Three people were killed in the accident, ____________ (include) the driver.
7.achieve vt. 取得;获得;实现;成功
关联词组:achieve success取得成功 词性转换:achievement n.成就
例句:我的老师经常鼓励我努力学习去实现我的梦想。(encourage )
__________________________________________________________
8.act vt. 行动;表演
词性转换:action n.动作,行动 active adj.积极的,主动的actively adv.积极地 activity n.活动
例句:They took an ___________ (act) part in the organization of the meeting.
Are they crazy about the after-school_________________.(act)
9.add vt. 增加,添加;补充说;计算…总和
关联词组:add…to…把……加到……上 熟词生义:接着说,补充说。
例如:“And don't be late,” she added.
例句:____________ (add) some milk to coffee, and you will make the white coffee.
10. advantage n. 优点;有利条件 反义词:disadvantage n.缺点;不利条件
例句:--Can you tell me the machine’s _____________ (advantage)?---Yes. It’s cheap and useful.
11. advertisement n. 广告 关联词组:TV advertisement电视广告
12. advice n. 劝告;建议;忠告
用法:属于不可数名词,表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice
关联词组:give sb. some advice on sth就…给某人提建议follow one’s advice 采纳某人的建议
词性转换:advise(美式) v.劝告,建议 advise sb. (not) to do sth. 劝某人(不要)做……
同义词:suggestion n.建议(可数名词)
例句:___________he gave that we should take more exercise in our spare time!
A. What a good advice B. How a good advice C. What good advice D. How good advice
13. afford vt. 买得起;承担得起(后果) 关联词组:afford to do sth.有经济能力做某事
用法:后面可接名词,代词或to do sth.;常与can,could, be able to连用;通常用于否定句中。
例句:We can't afford ________ (buy) such a big house.
14. afraid adj. 害怕的;畏惧的;担心的
用法:be afraid to do…害怕做……be afraid of (doing) sth.担心(做)……be afraid+ 从句
例句:Mary is afraid __________ (tell) the truth.
15. against prep. 对着;反对
1对着,倚靠:against the wall 靠着墙 2反对,对抗:be against sth.反对……
例句:All the villagers are against (build) a clothes factory in the area.
16. agree vt. 同意;赞成;承认vi. 同意;意见一致
用法:agree with sb./sth.赞成(同意)……agree+从句 反义词:disagree v.不同意
词性转换:agreement n.协议,同意,一致
例句:They are all in __________(agree) about the plan.
17. alive adj. 活着的;有生气的 关联词组: keep…alive 使……活着
alive与lively的区别:alive指的是“有生命的,活着的”,一般被放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面;而lively指的是“活泼的,有活力的,生机勃勃的”,一般被放在所修饰名词或代词的前面。
例句:Love your parents __________ they are alive. Don't wait until it is too late.
A. while B. though C. because D. unless
18. allow v. 允许;准许 词组:allow sb. to do…允许某人做;allow doing…允许做……
例句: 我妈妈不允许我抄别人的作业(allow)_____________________________________.
19. alone adv. 独自,单独;adj.单独的,独自的
关联词组:leave sb. alone. 不管,不打扰,让某人一个人呆着
alone和lonely的区别:
(1)alone通常用作副词,充当状语, lonely只能用作形容词。
(2)alone是指行为或动作上的,意为单独,独自lonely是指心灵上的,意为寂寞,孤独。
例句:The old man lives ________,but he doesn’t feel .
20.angry adj.生气的;愤怒的
关联词组:be angry with sb.生某人的气 词性变化:angrily adv.生气地anger n.怒气,愤怒
例句:I’m patient and I don’t get angry _________ (easy).
21. answer n. 答案;v. 回答 用法:表示“……的答案”要用介词to,即the answer to sth.
例句:However, I’ve found the ____ to this question. A. attention B. excuse C. answer D. distance
22. any pron.(无论)哪一个,任何,任一adj.(用于疑问句、否定句)任何的,一些
用法小结:anybody/anyone任何人;anything任何事;anyway无论如何;anywhere在任何地方
①- Keep quiet! I need complete_____ when I'm working.-Sorry, dad. I won't make any noise again.
A. trust B.silence C. control D. strength
②-Simon, where do you want to eat?-_____. I eat anything.
A. I don't mind B.My pleasure C. Good idea D. Certainly not
2022中考重点核心词汇(二)
23. appear vi. 出现;显得;似乎
用法小结:1表示“出现”时,为及物动词,后面不接宾语,也不能用于被动语态;
2表示“显得,看起来;似乎,好像”时,为系动词,后可接名词、形容词、to do作表语;
词性转换:反义词:disappear v.消失
例句:A large black cloud covered the moon.It ____ (appear) behind the cloud.
24. arrive vi. 到达
用法小结:arrive at/ in(小地方用at,大地方用)=get to(后接home, here, there时,省to)=reach
我会尽快赶到火车站。(as soon as possible)_________________________________________.
25. article n. 文章;东西;冠词 关联词组:write an article写一篇文章
26. asleep adj. 睡着的 关联词组:fall asleep入睡,睡着
asleep和sleepy的区别:asleep表示“睡着了”,强调状态sleepy表示“困倦的”,实际上没有睡。
词性转换:sleep v.睡觉
例句:他太累,在公交车上睡着了。(so…that…)________________________________________
27. attention n. 注意;关注
关联词组:pay attention to (doing) sth.注意…… get tons of attention被众人所关注
词性转换:attend v. 出席;照料,照顾
例句:为了得高分你应该关注你的书写。(handwriting)________________________________
28. available adj. 可用的,可获得的;有空的
关联词组:be available for/to sb.对……可用,对……开放。
例如:The school library is available for every student.学校图书馆对所有学生开放。
Can you ________ (come) to my party? Sorry, I am not available.
29. avoid vt. 避免;避开,躲避;消除 关联词组:avoid sth/ doing sth.避免(做)……
We should avoid _________(cut) in when we queue.
30. awake adj.醒着的
关联词组:stay awake保持醒着的,保持清醒;wake作动词,通常可以接up awake作形容词。
例句:Jenny was ______________( wake ) all night, thinking about her new job.
31. background n. 背景 关联词组:educational background教育背景;
family background家庭背景; background music背景音乐
用法:既可以指图画、舞台等的实体背景,也可以表示某个人的出身背景、学历等。
The background music sounds ________ (noise). Please turn it down.
32. basic adj.基本的,基础的 关联词组:basic information基本信息
33. beat vt.敲打;打败; vi.跳动;n.节拍 词形变化:过去式beat;过去分词beaten
关联词组:beat the drum打鼓;be beaten by sb.被某人打了;输给了某人
例句:When the rain beat ________ (heavy) against the windows, I was reading in my bedroom.
34. begin v. 开始,着手
词形变化:过去式began;过去分词begun;现在分词beginning
关联词组:begin with以……开始,开始于……
用法:begin doing sth.和begin to do sth.都表示“开始做某事“ 同义词:start
词性转换:beginning n.起初,开始:
in the beginning=at first起初,开始;at the beginning of…在……的开头;
from beginning to end从开始到结束
例句:She sang a song at the of the party. (begin)
35. behavior n. 行为,举止
关联词组:good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为 词性转换: behave v.表现,举止
例句:Parents should teach their children to behave ______(polite) in public.
36. believe v. 相信,认为
关联词组:believe it or not信不信由你;it is believed that…人们认为……
用法:1.believe是状态动词,通常不用于进行时态。
2.believe sb.相信某人说的话;believe in sb.相信某人的人品;
believe in sth.信仰……; believe还可以接that或者wh-从句。
3.可以用I believe so或I believe not作为对问题的肯定或否定回答。
例句:Don’t believe what Lily said. She is a __________ (honest) girl.
37. beside prep. 在……旁边,靠近 近义词:near,next to
易混单词:besides prep.除……以外(还有);adv.此外,而且
38. birth n.出生,诞生
关联词组:give birth to生下……;date of birth出生日期;place of birth出生地
关联词汇:birthday n.生日;
born:be born in/on出生于某年/某天;be动词要求使用过去式形式。
39. blind adj. 瞎的,失明的;盲目的
关联词组:go/become blind眼瞎,失明;color blind色盲; blind date相亲
40. blow v. 吹,吹气;刮风 词形变化:过去式blew,过去分词blown
关联词组:blow up爆炸;blow out吹灭,吹熄;
例Also,wind doesn’t blow all the time, so we can’t use wind power all the time.
41. borrow v. 借,(向别人)借用 关联词组:borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物
反义词:lend v.借出,借给:lend sth. to sb=lend sb. sth.把某物借给某人
例句:既然那样,我可以把我的卡车借给你。(in that case)
__________________________________________________________
42. break v.打破(断、碎);损坏;违背 词形变化:过去式broke,过去分词broken
关联词组:break one’s arm/leg摔断胳膊/腿;break the law 违法;
一词多义:break n.间歇,休息;中断:take/have a break休息一下
例句:(2019,山东卷,动词应用)
The police said that both Liu and Ran had broken criminal law by seriously endangering (危及)public safety.
43. breath n.呼吸,气息 关联词组:Take a deep breath深呼吸;
词性转换:breathe v.呼吸
例句:I have problems breathing when I get to the top of the mountain.
44. build v.建筑,造 词形变化:过去式built,过去分词built
名词:building n.建筑物,房屋,大楼
45. burn v.着火,燃烧;使晒黑
词形变化:过去式burned或burnt,过去分词burned或burnt
The workers ________(burn) the leaves in the park just now.
2022中考重点核心词汇(三)
46. business n.生意;商业;业务 关联词组:business card名片;
do business做生意; none of one’s business不归某人管,与某人无关
关联单词: businessman/businesswoman n.做生意的人,商人
47. call v.(给……)打电话;称呼;叫;n.电话;呼叫
关联词组:1.动词短语: call back回电话;call up打电话;召集;
2.名词短语:make a (phone) call打电话;give sb. a call给某人打电话
例句: Once upon a time, there was an old man ______(call)Yu Gong.
48. cancel v. 取消,撤销
词形变化:过去式cancel(l)ed,过去分词cancel(l)ed现在分词cancel(l)ing
例句:The show _________ (cancel) because of the terrible weather.
49. capital n. 首都,省会;资本;大写字母;
关联词组:capital city省会城市;capital letter大写字母
例句:北京是中国的首都。它是一个很大的城市。(the capital of)___________________________________________________
50.careful adj.小心的,谨慎的;仔细的
Be careful! 用作祈使句,意思是“小心!”,表示提醒
词性转换:carefully adv.小心地,仔细地;care v.在乎;关心
反义词:careless adj.粗心大意的;漫不经心的
例句: Be __________ (care) when you cross the street.
例句:Please write as _________(care) as possible.
51. catch v.&n.赶上;抓住,捕捉 词形变化:过去式caught,过去分词caught
关联词组:catch up (with)赶上,追上;catch a cold感冒了;catch fire着火;
例句:为了赶上早班车,我早上必须早起。(so that)
52. cause v.引起,导致 关联词组:cause trouble惹麻烦
例句:Smoking can cause many kinds of ________ (ill).
53. celebrate v.庆祝 关联词组:celebrate Christmas庆祝圣诞节
词性转换:celebration n.庆祝,庆典
例句:Today, sky lanterns are used at the festival and the_______________ (celebrate).
54. center n.中心,中央 关联词组:shopping centre购物中心;
词性转换:central adj.中心的,中枢的
55. century n.世纪,百年
用法:一般放在序数词的后面,表示第几个世纪 如二十一世纪:the 21st century
例句:The story happened in the _______(twenty) century.
56. certain adj. 确定的,无疑的,一定会
关联词组:for certain肯定,确定,无疑
词性转换:certainly adv.当然 同义词:sure adj.一定的,确信的
例句:He told me that he would ________ (certain) come to our school.
57. chance n. 机会;可能性
关联词组:by chance=by accident偶然; give sb. a chance给某人一次机会;
have a chance to do / of doing 有机会做某事
例句:因为你的好意,我有机会成为一名志愿者。(because of)
___________________________________________________
58. daily adj.每日的,日常的 关联词组:daily life日常生活;
例句:Mobile phones play a more and more important role in our daily lives.
59. dangerous adj.危险的,有危害的
关联词组:dangerous situation危险处境
词性转换:danger n.危险:in danger处于危险中endangered 濒危的
例句:We must save the __________ (danger) animals, or we can’t see them on the earth in the future.
60. deal v.交易;n.买卖;量,数额
动词词组:deal with…和……做生意;处理,应对
名词词组:a big deal大人物,了不起的人/事;
例句:We should deal with the problems ________ (wise).
61. decide v.决定,下决心
关联词组:decide to do sth.决定做某事 词性转换:decision n.决定,决心:
make a decision做决定
例句hey have made a __________ (decide) to go abroad for further study.
62.depend v.依靠,依赖;取决于
关联词组:depend on sb./sth.依靠/依赖……;取决于……,视……而定
用法:在口语中可以用It (all)depends或That depends表示“那得看情况”。
词性转换:dependent adj.依赖的(反义词independent独立的);independence 独立性
例句:我认为 Jack 依赖他的父母太多。(depend on)
63. die v.死亡,去世 词形变化:过去式died,过去分词died,现在分词dying
关联词组:die down逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
用法:表示死亡的原因,可以使用介词of或者from,
词性转换:death n.死亡;dead adj.死亡的,去世的
例句:That old man has been __________(die) for six years.
64. direct adj.直接的,直率的;v.指挥,指导;导演(电影)
关联词组:a direct flight直飞航班
词性转换:directly adv.直接;direction n.方向;指导;
director n.导演;反义词:indirect adj.间接的
例句:Zhang Yimou is my favourite ________ (direct). I've seen lots of films by him.
65. divide v.分,划分 关联词组:divide… into把……分成;
例句:As we all know, an hour __________ (divide) into 60 minutes.
66. doubt n&v.怀疑,疑虑
用法: without doubt无疑地 词性转换:doubtful adj.怀疑的;可疑的
例句:No doubt, China is the true __________ of Diaoyu Islands. (own)
67. draw v.绘画,绘制;拉,拖;提取(钱)
词形变化:过去式drew,过去分词drawn 关联词组draw a picture画一幅画;
draw some money取一些钱;draw one’s attention吸引某人的注意
词性转换:drawing n.绘画,图画,图纸;drawer n.抽屉
2022中考重点核心词汇(四)
68. environment n.环境 关联词组:natural environment自然环境;
living/working/social environment生活/工作/社会环境;protect the environment保护环境
词性转换:environmental adj.环境的:
例句:多种树有利于保护环境。(be good for)
69. especially adv.特别,尤其
1.especially在句中可修饰名词、动词、形容词、介词短语等,一般放在被修饰词的前面:It's very cold in winter, especially in Beijing.冬天很冷,尤其是在北京。
2.especially在句中还可用来修饰状语从句:
Sunglasses are very useful especially when the sun is strong.
太阳镜非常有用,尤其是阳光很强的时候。
3.especially在逻辑上已有极限意义,故无比较等级。
70. every adj.每一,每个的
用法:every表示“每个”,其后通常接可数名词单数,一般不接名词复数或不可数名词。
every和each的区别:
1.every只能做形容词,而且each还可以用作代词,直接充当主语或者宾语。
2.二者均指“每个”,但every侧重全体;而each侧重各个个体,比较:
3.every指三个或以上的“每个”,不能指两者中的“每个”;each则可以,如:
正:There are trees on each side of the road.
关联单词:everybody/everyone pron.每人,人人;everyday adj.每日的,日常的;everything pron.每件事,事事; everywhere adv.到处
71. examine v.检查,调查 近义词:check v.检查,核对
词性转换:examination n.检查,调查;(=exam)考试:
final examination期末考试;examination paper考试卷;
entrance examination入学考试;take an examination参加考试
72. example n.例子,榜样 关联词组:for example例如;give an example举例;
for example和such as的区别:
1、for example是列举整体之中的一个为例,常用作插入语,用逗号与主句隔开,example之后也需要逗号;其位置常常在句首,也可以置于句中、句末。
如:Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution as well.噪音,打个比方,也是一种污染。
2、such as用来列举整体之中的部分同类人或事物作为例子,一般用逗号和主句隔开,但such as之后无逗号,直接跟名词或名词性短语。
如:Some classmates of mine are very generous, such as Lucy, Lily and Jim.
我的一些同学,如露西,李丽,吉姆都是很慷慨的人。
73. excite v.使兴奋,使激动
常用语be excited about…,表示“兴奋”、“激动”的原因。
词性转换:exciting adj.令人激动的:通常是指某物令人兴奋激动,
excited adj.兴奋的,激动的:指的是某人感觉到兴奋或激动,
excitement n.兴奋,刺激,令人兴奋的事物
例句:He jumped up and down in ___ ____. (excite)
74. exercise v.锻炼,运动;n.运动;练习;体操
1、名词exercise表示“锻炼,运动”时,为不可数名词:
do/take exercise做运动/锻炼身体
2、名词exercise表示“体操,练习”时,为可数名词,常用复数形式:
do morning/eye exercises做早操/眼保健操
例句:多做运动能使我们保持健康。(keep)
75. expect v.期望;预料,预期expect to do sth.期望做某事;
词性转换:expected adj.预期的,预料的:unexpected adj.出乎意外的
例句:我的父母期望我通过努力取得更好的成绩。(expect)
76. expensive adj.昂贵的,价格高的
用法:expensive表示“贵”时,主要用于说明具体的事物,而不能用来形容price。
①:The price of the coat is too high. ②:The coat is too expensive.
近义词:dear=expensive 反义词:cheap=inexpensive adj.便宜的,廉价的;
例句:I have a pen, It is noly 1 yuan. It is very (expensive).
77. experience n.经验;经历; v.经历
关联词组:working experience工作经验;rich experience丰富的经验;
用法:1、experience表示“经验,体验”时,为不可数名词:
2、experience表示“经历,阅历”时,为可数名词:
Tell us about your experiences in Africa.给我们讲讲你在非洲的经历。
例句:He made up a story according to his experiences。
78.explain v.解释,说明
常用句式为explain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事;词性转换:explanation n.解释,说明
(注意:explain变名词,并不是直接加-ation)
例句:你能向我解释如何做这道数学题吗?(work out)
79. express v.表达,表述 关联词组:express thanks to sb.向某人表达感谢
熟词僻义:n.快递;快速:express way快车道,高速路;express train快速列车;
词性转换:expression n.表达;表情 facial expression面部表情;
例句:“Shut up” is not a polite ________ (express).
80. fact n.事实,实际
关联词组:in fact事实上,实际上; 同义词:truth n.事实,真相
例句:In fact, your parents care about you very much.
81. fail v.失败;不及格
表示“失败,未能做成某事”,常用句式有fail to do sth.
表示“不及格,未通过(考试)”,可以接宾语,也可不接:fail the test考试不及格
词性转换:failure n.失败;(机器)故障;未做
反义词:succeed v.成功;pass v.通过(测试)
例句:你若是常常逃课,考试会不及格的。(fail)
2022中考重点核心词汇(五)
82. fair adj.公平的,合理的
关联词组:fair competition公平竞争,公平比赛
一词多义:fair还可以当名词(n.)使用,表示:展览会;交易会:
international fair国际博览会;job fair招聘会
词性转换:fairness n.公正性,公平合理性 反义词:unfair adj.不公平的
例句:Doing chores can help children to understand the idea of _______________ (fair).
83. famous adj.著名的,出名的
关联词组:be famous for因……而闻名 词性转换:fame n.名声,名誉
同义词:well-known adj.著名的,有名气的
例句:Lang Lang is one of the most famous ___________(piano) in the world.
84. far adj.远的,较远的;adv.远地;很,非常
词形变化:比较级farther/further, 最高级the farthest/the furthest
关联词组:so far到目前为止;as far as I know据我所知
1、far作形容词时,表示距离远的,通常用于be far from结构,但不与具体的数字连用。反义词:near adj.附近的
例如:①The station is far (away) from here.②The station is two kilometers away from here.
2、far更多用作副词,尤其是修饰形容词或副词的比较级,或与too连用,表示程度,译为“……得多,远远……,大大……;太……”:
He is far more careful than me.他比我仔细得多。
例句:So far, most of the children (see) the film "Harry Potter".
David jumps_____________( far ) in my class .
学校离我家远,因此我每天不得不走很长的路程。(far)
My school is _______________, so I have to walk a long way every day.
85. farm n.农场,农庄; v.种田,务农
关联词组:on a farm 在农场(不用in);a pig/cattle/chicken farm养猪/牛/鸡场;
farm land农业用地 词性转换:farmer n.农民;farming n.农业;耕作
例句:The farmer showed her around_the farm last Saturday.
86. favourite adj.最喜爱的; n.最受喜爱的人或物
1、作形容词时,favorite前面要加形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格:
his favorite movie; Jim’s favorite sport;
2、favorite可以换成like…best结构:My favorite subject is science=I like science best.
3、作名词时,favorite后面不再跟名词:Sunday is my favorite.
例句:春天是我最喜欢的季节。
87. feed v.喂养,饲养;养活
用法小结:词形变化:过去式fed,过去分词fed
关联词组:Feed on sth.以……为食;Feed sb. sth.=feed sth. to sb.给某人喂……吃;
例句:The little bird can feed _________ (it) without its mother’s help.
88. field n.田地,场地;实地,现场;领域
关联词组:corn/rice/wheat field棉花/水稻/小麦田;football/baseball field足球/棒球场;
一词多义:field的引申意义表示“领域”、“界”,相当于area,
常用结构为:in the field of…在……领域,在……界:
She is famous in the field of music.她在音乐界很出名。
例句:At first,he was not very ______ (success)in the field of science.
89. fight v.&n.打架,打仗;争论;竞争,争取
词形变化:过去式fought,过去分词fought
动词词组:fight for为……而战(奋斗);fight against反对,对抗,与……作斗争;
fight with与……并肩战斗;与……打架;
名词词组:have a fight (with sb.) (over/about sth.)(因某事)(同某人)打起来了;
近义词:war n.战争,斗争
例句:____ (fight) bad people, Sun Wukong uses a magic stick.
90. general adj.大体的,笼统的,总的,一般的
关联词组:in general总之;一般而言;general idea大意,梗概;
词性转换:generally adv.通常,一般地;普遍地:
91. geography n.地理(学),地形
关联词组:a geography lesson/teacher/textbook地理课/老师/课本
92. gold n.黄金;金色;adj.金质的;金(黄)色的
关联词组:gold medal金牌;gold ring/watch/coin金戒指/表/币
93. government n.政府
关联词组:central government中央政府;local government地方政府;
government official政府官员
例句:The _____________ (center) government has long tried to control the housing market.
94. greeting n.祝贺;问候 关联词组:greeting card贺卡
用法:通常搭配的动词有send(发送),exchange(交换);
常用作复数greetings,表示“贺词”、“问候的话”:
Christmas/birthday greetings圣诞/生日贺词 词性转换:greet v.问候,打招呼
例句:We Chinese often greet each other by_________ (shake) hand.
95. grow v.生长;发展;种植;变成
词形变化:过去式grew,过去分词grown 关联词组:grow up长大;grow old变老
grow rice/vegetables/flowers种水稻/蔬菜/花;
例句:你长大了想要当什么?(grow)
96. guard n.警戒,保卫;保护装置;v.保卫
名词词组:keep guard站岗;guard dog看门狗
97. habit n.习惯;习性 关联词组:good/bad habit好/坏习惯;
develop the habit of养成……的习惯;living habit生活习惯;eating habit饮食习惯;
例句:假如你养成阅读的好习惯,你会在写作上取得很大进步。(make progress)
_______________________________________________________________________________
98. hang v.悬挂;垂落;吊着;把……吊起
词形变化:过去式hung,过去分词hung 关联词组:hang out闲逛;
例句: 她过去常和朋友们闲逛。__________________________________________
2022中考重点核心词汇(六)
99. happen v.(偶然)发生;碰巧
用法小结:
1表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用
“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”句型,此时主语为事情。例如:The story happened in 1998.
2表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,常用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达。
例如:A car accident happened to her this morning.
What happened to you? =what’s wrong with you?你怎么啦?
3表示“某人碰巧做某事”,常用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”来表达。
例如:I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
例句:A traffic accident ________(happen) just now. Luckily, no one________(kill).
100. hard adj.硬的;困难的;努力的;adv.努力地;艰难地;猛烈地
形容词词组:have a hard time过得艰难;
副词词组:work hard努力工作(学习);try hard努力
hard和hardly区别:
①hard既是形容词,又是自己的副词,表示“努力的(地)”、“猛烈的(地)”;
②hardly只作副词,其词义与hard相去甚远,指“几乎不”,表示否定概念。
试比较:He works hard.他努力工作。He hardly works.他几乎不工作。
同义词:difficult adj.困难的
反义词:soft adj.软的;温柔的;easy adj.容易的,简单的
例句:只要我们共同努力,中国梦就一定会实现。(as long as)
___________________________________________________________________________
101. health n.健康,卫生
关联词组:physical health身体健康; World Health Organization世界卫生组织
词性转换:healthy adj.健康的,健全的;healthily adv.健康地;
例句:Hanburgers and ice cream are _________(health) food.
102. hear v.听到;听说
词形变化:过去式heard,过去分词heard 关联词组:hear from sb.收到某人的信;
①hear与listen的区别:
hear强调“听见”,即听的结果;listen强调听的动作;
②hear sb. do sth.表示听到某人做某事的全过程;
hear sb. doing sth.强调听到某人正在做某事。
试比较:I often hear him sing songs.
I heard people singing happily next door when I came in.
例句:People often hear her ________ (practice) singing in her room.
103. heat n.热,高温;v.加热;使激动
例句:在吃之前,你应该把食物加热,否则你将感觉不舒服。(or)
___________________________________________________________________________
104. heavy adj.(沉)重的;大量的,严重的
除了可指重量之外,heavy常用来表示数量、程度或严重性之大,
常见搭配有:heavy traffic拥挤的交通;heavy rain/snow大雨/雪;
heavy drinking/smoking大量饮酒/吸烟
词性转换:heavily adv.沉重地;猛烈地; 反义词:light adj.轻的
例句:由于大雨,Tina今天早上上学迟到了。(because of)
___________________________________________________________________________
105. help v.&n.帮助,帮忙
动词词组:help oneself (to sth.)自用(食物),自取所需;
can’t help (doing sth.)忍不住(做),情不自禁
名词词组:with the help of sb.=with sb.’s help在……的帮助下;
ask for help寻求帮助
①help作动词时,即是及物动词,也是不及物动词。常用结构有
help (sb.) with+名词,help (sb.) (to) do sth.(接不定式时可以省略to):
He always helps (her) with the housework.他总是帮着(她)做家务。
She helped (me) (to) organize the party. 她协助(我)筹备了晚会。
② 词性转换:helpful adj.有帮助的,有益的; helpless adj.无助的;没用的;
例句:Does your brother often help you________(do) your homework?
106. hide v.把……藏起来;隐藏
词形变化:过去式hid,过去分词hidden
例句:除非他能藏起他的尾巴,否则他不能变成人的样子。(turn…into)
___________________________________________________________________________
107. history n.历史;历史学
关联词组:in history在历史上;human history人类历史;
词性转换: historical adj.历史的;史学的;基于史实的;
例句Stonehenge is one of Britain's most famous___ (history) places.
108. hit v.打,撞,击中;(风暴、疾病等)袭击
词形变化:过去式hit,过去分词hit
用法小结:hit sb./sth. with sth.用……击打……;
熟词僻义:hit作名词时,除了表示“击,打”,还可表示“很受欢迎的人(或事)”:
His new record is a real hit.他的新专辑极为成功,引起轰动。
近义词:beat v.(敲)打
例句:A terrible earthquake (地震) _________(hit) Wenchuan in 2008.
109. hold v.拿,抱,握住;进行,举行
词形变化:过去式held,过去分词held 关联词组:hold on=hang on别挂断;等一下;
用法:hold除了表示“拿,握,抱”等肢体动作的含义,还经常用来表示“进行,举行,举办”的意思,常见搭配有 hold a meeting/party/competition
110.honest adj.诚实的,正直的 关联词组:to be honest老实说
honest前面的不定冠词要用an,不用a: an honest man;反义词:dishonest 不诚实的
例They are very honest, so they can keep the secret to ____ ( they ).
2022中考重点核心词汇(七)
111.honor n.荣誉,荣耀;尊敬
honor the hero in the war纪念战争中的英雄 honor ancestors 缅怀祖先
112.human n.人类; adj.人的,人类的 关联词组:human nature人性
例句:Many robots can help (human)do most of the housework.
113.humorous adj.幽默的
关联词组:humorous stories幽默故事 humour=humor n.幽默:
sense of humour幽默感;black humour黑色幽默
114.hungry adj.(饥)饿的;渴望的 词性转换:hunger n.饥饿;
115.hurry v.&n.赶快,急忙
动词词组:hurry up赶快,快点 名词词组:in a hurry着急,匆匆忙忙;
例句:如果你不快一点,你上学将会迟到。(be late for)
__________________________________________________________________________
116.hurt v.伤害,使受伤;感到疼痛
词形变化:过去式hurt,过去分词hurt
用法小结:1、hurt作及物动词,宾语常常为身体部位或者反身代词:
hurt one’s arm/leg/nose;hurt oneself; 也常用于被动语态,如:get hurt受伤了。
2、hurt作不及物动词,不接宾语,以身体部位作主语,表示“感到疼痛”,常用搭配有:sth.hurts badly/a lot(某身体部位)很痛; That/It(really) hurts!(真的)好疼!
例句:他从车上掉下来,伤到了腿。(fall off)_____ _______________________________________
117. ill adj.生病的,有病的
关联词组:fall ill生病;feel ill感到不适;seriously/badly ill病重
词性转换:illness=sickness n.疾病
例句:His ____________(ill) is very serious, the doctor is saving his life.
118. imagine v.想象;设想
用法:imagine +doing 想象做某事:词性转换:imagination n.想象;
例句:I can’t imagine ________(speak) in front of so many people.
119.. important adj.重要的 词性转换:importance n.重要性,价值;
关联词组:play an important role起到重要作用
常用语It is important (for sb.) to do sth.结构(对…来说)做某事很重要”:
It is important to follow the doctor’s advice.
例句:电脑在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。(play a role in)
______________________________________________________________________
对我们来说尽最大努力阻止新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的蔓延是很重要的。(prevent…from…)
______________________________________________________________________
120. improve v.改进,改善,提高;变得更好
词性转换:improvement n.改进,改善,提高;self-improvement自我改进,自我提高
例句: 昨天我们想出了提高英语成绩的方法。(come up with)
______________________________________________________________________
121. include v.包括,包含
常用介词including的形式,引出需要罗列的宾语:
Hundreds were killed, including many women and children.
例句:I have many novels in my study room, (include) Harry Porter VII.
122. increase v.(使)增加;增长;n.增加,增长
例句I think reading more can help you increase a sense of language.
123. industry n.工业,行业,产业
关联词组:food/car/paper industry食品/汽车/造纸工业;
heavy/light industry重/轻工业;service industry服务行业
124. influence v.&n.影响(力)
名词用法:have an influence on表示对……有影响;
常搭配的形容词有big/great/good/bad/positive/negative/strong等。
例如:Television can have a positive influence on young people.
电视能对青年人产生积极的影响。
例句:听音乐对她大有裨益。(influence)__________________________________________
125. information n.信息,消息
关联词组:information technology=I.T.信息技术;personal information个人信息;
用法:information是不可数名词,可用a piece of information表示“一条消息/一则信息
例句:I want to get some ________ (information) about the town.
126.instead adv.代替,顶替;反而
用法:①、instead表示“替代”:He is too busy, let me go instead.他太忙了,让我去吧;
②、instead表示“反而,却”,构成转折:
He didn't give John the money, but he gave it to me instead.他没把钱给约翰,却给了我;
③、instead可以和of组成instead of结构,表示“代替,替代”,后面需要接宾语:
Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.
他不仅没有帮我们一把,反而嘲笑我们。
例句:I went swimming with my friends instead of ____________ (wait) for you at home.
例句:购物时我们应该带着自己的袋子而不要塑料袋。(instead of )
_______________________________________________________________________
127. instruction n.说明,须知;教导
常用复数instructions,表示“(用法)说明,指南”,
—Will you fix up the machine according to the______ (instruction), David? —No problem.
2022中考重点核心词汇(八)
128. interest n.兴趣,趣味;利益;利息
关联词组:place of interest名胜古迹,好玩的地方; with (great) interest兴致勃勃
用法:interest表示“兴趣,趣味”时,常和介词in搭配,表示在……方面的兴趣。
常见动词搭配有:have/show/express (an) interest in sth.有/表现出兴趣;
be/become/get interested in sth
词性转换:interesting adj.“有趣的,引起兴趣的”,用于形容物的特征;
interested adj.“感兴趣的”,用于形容人的感受。
试比较:My mum is quite interested in that interesting TV show.
我妈妈对那档有趣的电视节目相当感兴趣。
例句:北京以许多名胜古迹而著名。(be famous for)________________________________ _
Scott has an ____________(interest) job.
129. international adj.国际的
关联词组:international trade国际贸易;international airport国际机场;
international market国际市场
例句:英语是一门国际性的语言。它在世界上被广泛的使用。(be used)
______________________________________________________________________
130. interview v&t.采访;会见;面试
关联词组:job interview求职面试; radio/television interview电台/电视采访
作动词时,常用于interview sb. for sth.或interview sb. about sth.;
词性转换:interviewee n.被接见者;被访问者;interviewer n.会见者;面谈者;
例句:The ______ (interview) asked Jill how many criminals he caught.
131. introduce v.介绍;引进
用法:introduce可表示“介绍”,常见搭配有:introduce A to B;introduce oneself to sb.;
词性转换:introduction n.介绍;引进
例句:The new comer was asked to introduce ________ (he) in front of the classroom.
132. invite v.邀请,招待
用法: invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事;
例如:invite me to take part in a party请我参加聚会;
词性转换:invitation n.邀请,请帖: turn down an invitation letter拒绝一份邀请;
例如:I received an ________________ (invite) to the party.
She wants to invite me (go) out for a walk.
133.jacket n. 短上衣;茄克(衫) life jacket 救生衣
例句:Is this green jacket__________(you),Bob?
134.January n.一月;元月 In January
135.jeans n.牛仔裤;斜纹布裤 短语: a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤
例句:This pair of jeans ___________(be not) too large.
136. job n.工作;任务
关联词语:adj. jobless 失业的,无业的;(关于)失业者的
重点词组do a good job 干得好;好好干 part-time job 兼职
例句:我想在业余时间找份兼职工作。(in one’s free time)________________________________
137.join v. 结合;加入;
短语:join sb. 在一起,会面或相见。e.g.Ask him to join us for lunch.
join sth. 参加(某组织) e.g. He joined the Party last year. 他去年入的党。
近义词辨析:attend, join, take part in
attend 是指出席或参加会议、聚会、讲座等;
join是加入到某一组织、团体或人群中去,并成为其中的一员;
take part in 是参加到某项活动中。
例句:他们想要加入讲故事俱乐部。(story-telling club)
138.joke n. 笑话;笑料;v. 开玩笑.
词组:tell jokes讲笑话 play a joke on 开某人玩笑
e.g.It’s impolite to play a joke on others. 开别人玩笑是不礼貌的。
例句:这个笑话十分有趣。我忍不住大笑起来。(stop)
139.joy n. 欢欣;高兴
重点词组with joy 高兴地 tears of joy 高兴的泪水,喜极而泣
例句:His garden is our town’s ______ (proud) and joy.
140.jump v.跳跃;跳动
短语:jump into 跳入;跳进…… long jump 跳远 jump out of 跳出;跳出
例句:正如我们所知,猴子喜欢上下跳跃。(enjoy)
141.just adj. & adv正义的;公平的. 词组:just like 就像,正如 just now 刚才
142.Journey n.旅行 短语:on the journey 在旅程中 go on a journey 去旅行
词语辨析 journey, trip, travel
journey 指稍长的旅途,trip 指短期的旅途, a three-day trip, travel 是最常用的,
例句:Learning is a lifelong journey, so we should learn________(wise).
143. keep (kept, kept) v. 保存;留有;
短语:(1). keep on doing something一直做某事。(2). keep away from 远离;不靠近
(4).keep a secret 保守秘密(5).keep a diary 记日记(6).keep+adj. 保持某种状态
词语辨析: borrow / keep
borrow属短暂性动词,其动作不能延续,不能和表示时间段的状语连用;
而keep可以跟时间段连用。
e.g.You can keep the book for three days. 这本书你可以借三天。
He borrowed the book three days ago. 他是三天前借的这本书。
例句:我们应该让青少年远离网络。(keep……away from)
144. key n. 钥匙 adj. 关键的,主要的
用法:the key to ....的关键是 keyboard n.键盘
例句:We all believe that hard work is the key to ______(successful).
145. kill 用法vt. 杀死;扼杀;使终止;抵消
kill time消磨时间
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