初中英语动词短语类型整理（共八类）

英语动词短语类型一、V+to do 结构
ask sb to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事tell sb to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事help sb ( to) do sth.帮助某人做某事want sb to do sth.想要某人做某事wish sb to do sth.希望某人做某事invite sb to do sth.邀请某人做某事drive sb to do sth.驱使某人做某事expect sb to do sth.期望某人做某事forbid sb to do sth.制止某人做某事force sb to do sth.强迫某人做某事hope to do sth.希望做某事offer to do sth.自动提出做某事plan to do sth.计划做某事prepare to do sth.准备做某事pretend to do sth.假装做某事promise to do sth.承诺做某事refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事fail to do sth.未能做某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事need sb to do sth.需要某人做某事need doing =need to be done.某事需要被做advise sb to do sth.建议某人做某事advise doing sth.建议做某事allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事allow doing sth.允许做某事
二、V+doing 结构
consider doing sth.考虑做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事escape doing sth.逃脱做某事finish doing sth.做完某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事imagine doing sth.想象做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事practice doing sth.练习做某事prevent doing sth.阻止做某事put off doing sth.推迟做某事risk doing sth.冒险做某事forbid doing sth.制止做某事forgive doing sth.原谅做某事
三、V既 +to 又 +ing
remember to do sth.记住去做某事，表示这件事情还没有做remember doing sth.记得做过某事forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事 (未做)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 (已做)regret to do sth.遗憾地（要）做某事 （未做）regret doing sth.后悔做过某事 (已做）try to do sth.努力做谋事，尽力做某事，但不一定成功try doing sth.试图做谋事stop to do 表示停止现在在做的事情，开始做另外一件事情stop doing 表示停止现在在做的事情mean to do sth.计划做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事can t help to do sth.不能协助做某事can t help doing sth.禁不住做某事go on to do sth.做了一件事后，接着做另一件事go on doing sth.继续做原来做的事
四、V+do 动词原形
let sb do sth.让某人做某事make sb do sth.使某人做某事make sth.done 使某事完成have sb do sth.使某人做某事have sth done 做完某事see sb do sth.看见某人做某事see sb doing 看人某人正在做hear sb do sth.听见某人做某事hear sb doing 听见某人正在做listen to sb do sth.听着某人做某事listen sb doing sth 听着某人正在做look at sb do sth.看着某人做某事watch sb do sth.观看某人做某事
五、V+双宾语
give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物lend sth to sb 借某物给某人buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 给某人买某物show sb sth = show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
六、be 动词结构
be at home = stay at home 在家be in trouble 有麻烦be careful of 小心……be late for 因……迟到be free 空闲的，有空be busy doing/with sth 忙于……be covered with 被……覆盖be ready for 为……作好准备be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶be interested in 对……有兴趣be excited about 激动于be angry with 愤怒于be mad at 疯狂于be friendly to 友好地去be pleased with 很高兴做be satisfied with 对……很满意be famous for 因……而著名be famous as 作为……而著名be strict with 对……严格be strict in 在……方面严格be afraid of 害怕……be afraid to do 害怕去做……be glad to do 很高兴去做……be good for 对……有好处be bad for 对……有害处be good at = do well in 擅长be able to do 能去做……
 七、V固定搭配
have a lesson /a meeting 上课/开会have a try 试一试have a good time 玩得很高兴have fun 玩得高兴have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒have a look (at) 看一看……have a rest 休息一会儿have a talk 谈话have a walk = take a walk 散步make friends (with) 与……交朋友make a living 谋生make a mistake 犯错误make a sentence 造句be made from/of 由……制成be made in 在……地方制造look after = take care of 照管，照看look for 寻找look like 看上去像look out 当心，小心look around 朝四周看look at 看着……put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)put up 张帖set up 竖立，建立set off 出发，动身set out 出发take one s advice 听从某人劝告take out 拿出，取出take down 拿下take place 发生take the place of 代替take it easy 别紧张take away 拿走take off 脱下，起飞，休假day off / have off 休假take photos 拍照take some medicine 服药turn on 打开(电灯，收音机等)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)turn down (把音量)调低turn up 调高turn in 交出，上交turn…into… 变成turn…over 把……翻过来at once 立刻at last 最后at first 起先，首先at the age of… 在……岁时at the end of… 在……之末by the end of… 到……底为止at the beginning of… 在……之初at night/noon 在夜里/中午in the day 在白天in all 总共in fact 事实上in one s twenties 在某人二十几岁时in a hurry 匆忙in time 及时in public 公众，公开地in order to 为了……in front of 在……前面in the front of 在某物内的前面in the end 最后，终于in turn 依次of course 当然from now on 从现在起from then on 从那时起for example 例如far away from 远离a piece of 一张(一片，块)a glass of 一杯a box of 一盒a bottle of 一瓶a set of 一套a group of 一队，一组，一群a kind of 一种all kinds of 所有种类a type of 一种类型的a different type of 一种不同型号的a great deal of 非常多，大量的a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的a great many 大量，许多all over the world/the country 全世界/全国day after day 日复一日day by day 一天天up and down 上上下下the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天
八、V其他固定搭配
laugh at 嘲笑be used to doing 习惯于used to 过去常常use sth to do sth 用某物做某事wake…up 唤醒work out 算出hurry up 赶快，快点think about 考虑……think of 想到be anxious about 担忧throw away 扔掉hear of 听说hear from 收到……来信instead of 代替……with one s help 在某人的帮助下，由于with the help of … 在……的帮助下to one s surprise 令某人吃惊的是up and down 上上下下just now/then 刚才/那时late on 过后，后来work / study hard 努力工作come out 解出wait for 等待do morning exercises 做早操do eye exercises 做眼保健操get on/along (well) with 与……相处（融洽）