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2022年中考英语考前冲刺阅读理解热点预测科普说明文（含答案）
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这是一份2022年中考英语考前冲刺阅读理解热点预测科普说明文（含答案），共13页。试卷主要包含了 科技发明， Big data 大数据， 趣味科普等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Passage 1. 科技发明
Hw d animals recgnize (识别) human’s faces? This questin is at the heart f Chinese American scientist Dris Tsa’s research. Tsa was knwn as ne f the winners f 2018 MacArthur Award (麦克阿瑟奖) —ne f the highest academic (学术的) hnrs in the US. Each year, the MacArthur Fundatin chses twenty t thirty talented peple and gives mney fr their wrk.
Tsa’s team des sme experiments with mnkeys. The scientists fund ut that there are abut 200 nerve cells (神经细胞) in the mnkeys’ brains. They can help the mnkeys t recgnize faces. Each cell can recgnize a different facial characteristic, such as the shape f ur face r the clr f ur skin. With all f the infrmatin, mnkeys can build a picture f a persn’s face in their minds.
Thrugh their study, the scientist shwed us hw mnkeys “see” human faces in their wn minds. They shwed the mnkeys pictures f sme different human faces. At the same time, they recrded the activity f every nerve cell in the mnkeys’ brains. Then, they were able t use cmputer t study this brain activity and finally find ut the faces that the mnkeys “saw” in their minds.
Althugh the study was abut mnkeys, scientists believe that human beings might recgnize faces in a similar way. Plice culd use this technlgy in the future. They culd recreate the face f a bad guy by recrding a witness’ (目击证人) brain activity, Tsa tld the Daily Mail.
( )1. What can help the mnkeys recgnize a persn’s face?
A. Eyes B. Skin clr C. Nerve cells D. Experiments
( )2. Hw did the scientists find ut the faces in the mnkeys’ minds?
A. By putting micrchips int the mnkeys’ brains.
B. By asking an artist t draw pictures f the faces.
C. By recrding the brain activity and studying it with cmputer.
D. By shwing the pictures f human faces t the mnkeys.
( )3. What des the underlined wrd “characteristic” mean in Chinese?
A. 特征 B. 性格 C. 表情 D. 动作
( )4. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The MacArthur Fundatin chses hard-wrking peple.
B. Tsa believes this technlgy culd be used t find bad guys.
C. There are mre than 200 cell nerves in a mnkey’s brain.
D. Scientists think humans recgnize faces in a different way.
( )5. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Where We Can Find a Bad Guy
B. Hw Mnkeys See Us
C. What Human Faces Are Like
D. Why the Experiments with Mnkeys Are Successful
Answers：1. C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B
Passage 2 核能知识科普
Nuclear（核）pwer’s danger t health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in ne wrd: radiatin（辐射）.
Nuclear radiatin has a certain mystery（神秘）abut it, partly because it cannt be fund by human senses. It can’t be seen r heard, r tuched r tasted, even thugh it may be all arund us. There are ther things like that. Fr example, radi waves are all arund us but we can’t detect them, sense them, withut a radi receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense radiactivity withut a radiatin detectr（探测器）. But unlike cmmn radi waves, nuclear radiatin is nt harmless t human beings and ther living things.
At very high levels, radiatin can kill an animal r human being cmpletely by killing masses（块；团）f cells（细胞）in vital（=very imprtant）rgans. But even the lwest level f radiatin can d serius damage. There is n level f radiatin that is cmpletely safe. If the radiatin des nt hit anything imprtant, the damage may nt be significant. This is the case when nly a few cells are hit, and if they are killed cmpletely, yur bdy will replace the dead cells with healthy nes. But if the few cells are nly damaged, and if they reprduce themselves, yu may be in truble. They reprduce themselves in a defrmed（畸形）way. They can grw int cancer（癌症）. Smetimes this des nt shw up fr many years.
This is anther reasn fr sme f the mystery abut nuclear radiatin. Serius damage can be dne withut the victim（牺牲者）being aware at the time that damage has ccurred. A persn can feel fine, then die f cancer five, ten, r twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be brn weak r easy t have serius illness as a result f radiatin absrbed（吸收）by its grandparents.
Radiatin can hurt us. We must knw the truth.
1 Nuclear radiatin has a certain mystery because ________.
A. peple can’t feel itB. peple knw nthing abut it
C. nuclear radiatin isn’t harmful t pepleD. peple haven’t any detectrs
2. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. We can’t detect radiactivity even with mdern equipment.
B. Only radiatin at very high levels can kill an animal r human being.
C. If a few cells are nly damaged，healthy cells will take the place f dead nes.
D. Radiatin is harmful n matter what level it is.
3. The wrd “significant” in paragraph 3 has the similar meaning with ________.
A. imprtantB. meaningfulC. harmfulD. bvius
4.. Radiatin can hurt us in that it can ________.
A. affect the healthy grwth f ur ffspring（后代）
B. damage cells which grw int cancer years later
C. kill large number f cells in main rgans s as t cause death immediately
D. all f the abve
5.. What’s the authr’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. Emphasizing the imprtance f prtectin f radiatin.
B. Slving the mystery abut radiatin.
C. Discussing the cause f cancer.
D. Intrducing the nuclear pwer.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A
Passage 3 航天航空
Chinese astrnauts, r taiknauts, ZhaiZhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu headed t the cre mdule (核心舱) f China’s space statin at 00: 23 a.m. Beijing Time n Octber 16, 2021.
Brn in Octber 1966, Zhai is the first Chinese t cnduct a spacewalk, making China the third cuntry in the wrld t master the technlgy fr extravehicular (舱外的) activities. As the mst experienced crew member f Shenzhu-13, he wrks as the cmmander (指挥官) f the missin.
Zhai was admitted t the first batch (一组) f taiknauts in 1998. He was amng the final grups t train fr the Shenzhu-5 and Shenzhu-6 flights, but finally flew abrad the Shenzhu-7 spacecraft. During the Shenzhu-7 missin in September 2008, Zhai served as the cmmander f the spacecraft. He perfrmed a landmark 20-minute spacewalk with the help f Liu Bming, wh later became ne f the Shenzhu-12 crew.
Brn in 1980, Wang is China’s first millennial (千禧一代) taiknauts (中国航天员) and the secnd female taiknaut wh has been t space. She has becme the cuntry’s first female taiknaut t wrk in China’s space statin, and als the first female taiknaut t cnduct extravehicular activities, accrding t the CMSA．
In May 2010, Wang was selected t be a member f the secnd batch f taiknauts. In June 2013, Wang and tw ther crewmates, NieHaisheng and Zhang Xiaguang, were sent t space abrad Shenzhu-10. She was als the first Chinese persn t give a lecture in space eight years ag, which prved inspiratinal fr numerus yung Chinese, many f whm later attended tp universities.
Ye, als brn in 1980, was selected int the secnd batch f taiknauts in 2010 and qualified fr manned space flight in 2014. The missin f Shenzhu-13 is his first flight in space.
He was nce an air frce pilt with 1,100 hurs f jet fighter flight time. He tk the Eurpean Space Agency’s undergrund astrnaut training curse in June 2016. Ye speaks fluent English and is regarded as ne f the key taiknauts t hst freign cunterparts (同行) when China’s space statin becmes fully peratinal.
1．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．ZhaiZhigang is the first Chinese t cnduct a 20-minute spacewalk.
B．Wang Yaping was sent t space abrad Shenzhu-10 with NieHaisheng and Zhang Xiaguang.
C．ZhaiZhigang was ne f the Shenzhu-12 crew.
D．Ye Guangfu used t be an air frce pilt with 1,100 hurs f jet fighter flight time.
2．What can we knw abut Wang Yaping?
A．She is the first taiknaut t visit China’s space statin.
B．She is the first female taiknaut t cnduct extravehicular activities.
C．She gave an inspiratinal lecture in space eight years ag t ask students t study hard.
D．This is her first time t be sent t space.
3．What is the crrect rder fr the fllwing events abut ZhaiZhigang?
a. ZhaiZhigang was brn.
b. He perfrmed a landmark 20-minute walk.
c. He served as the cmmander f the Shenzhu-13 spaceflight missin.
d. He was selected t be a member f the first batch taiknauts.
e. He was amng the final grups t train fr the Shenzhu-5 and Shenzhu-6 filghts.
A．a-e-b-d-c B．a-b-d-e-c C．a-d-b-e-c D．a-d-e-b-c
4．What can we infer (推断) frm the passage?
A．The students wh listened t Wang Yaping’s lecture were encuraged and all attended sme tp universities.
B．Liu Bming was ne f the taiknauts in the Shenzhu-7 missin.
C．Ye Guangfu is regarded as the key taiknaut t hst freign cunterparts when China’s space statin becmes fully peratinal.
D．Except China, tw mre cuntries in the wrld has mastered the technlgy fr extravehicular activities.
答案：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B
Passage 4 高新科技
Water shrtages influence s many lives. The cmpany
Watergen prduced a new machine t help slve this prblem. The machine, called GENNY, is small enugh t be used in a hme r ffice but can prduce up t 30 liters f water a day. Mre imprtantly, it can prduce clean water ut f air.
GENNY takes air in and passes it thrugh a filter （过滤器）t remve dust and dirt. The filter is pwerful enugh t wrk even in areas with high air pllutin. The air then passes thrugh a rm where heating and cling turns steam in the air int water. This water is then passed thrugh several mre filters, and minerals are added t make it healthier and better-tasting. Finally, the water is kept in a tank where it is cntinually recycled t keep it fresh.
The heating and cling prcess, called GENius, is far mre energy-efficient than ther technlgies that prduce water frm air. It prduces fur t five times mre water per kilwatt-hur （千瓦时）. Watergen has ther prducts that use this same technlgy n a larger size, the largest f which can prduce up t 5,000 liters f water per day.
As a cmpany, Watergen aims t prvide drinking water t the billins f peple wh dn't have safe drinking water at hme. Last year Watergen Js large-size prducts were given t the lcal gvernment in Brazil, Vietnam and India.
Watergn tries t help the envirnment by reducing waste caused by plastic bttles. Peple can put the water frm GENNY int reusable bttles s that plastic nes dn' t get used and thrwn away. It als calls fr saving energy. There are even tw types f GENNY: ne that uses the electrical pwer supply and anther that runs n energy frm slar pwer. The latter ne is particularly useful fr villages r ther areas nt cnnected t an electrical netwrk.
Watergen's technlgy is sure t help many peple arund the wrld as well as help take care f ur planet.
1. What des the underlined wrd uitn refer t in paragraph 1?
A. The latest technlgy. B. The cmpany Watergen.
C. The new machine GENNY. D. The heating and cling prcess GENius
2. What is the crrect rder f GEN NY prducing water ut f air?
a. Sme minerals are added int the water.
b. It takes air in and passes it thiugh a filter.
c. The water is stred in a tank t keep it fresh.
d. The water passed thrugh several mre filters.
e. The heating and cling turns steam int water.
A. b—e—a—c—dB. b—e—d—a—cC. e—b-d—a-cD. e—b-a-c-d
3. Hw can GENNY help the envirnment?
A. It prduces clean and safe water and air. B. It uses slar pwer t turn air int water.
C. It stps peple frm using bttles t drink. D. It slves the prblem f water shrtage in the wrld.
4. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Water frm AirB. Clean Air ut f Water
C. Ways f Turning Air int WaterD. New Technlgy Saves the Wd
答案: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A
Passage 5. Rbt
In ur daily life, rbts are ften fund t d wrk that is t dangerus, bring, difficult, r dirty. And we ften see kids play with ty rbts.
But what exactly is a rbt? There are sme imprtant characteristics(特征) that a rbt must have. These characteristics might help yu t decide what is and what is nt a rbt. It will als help yu t decide what yu will need t build int a machine befre it can be cnsidered as a rbt. A rbt has these imprtant characteristics.
Sensing First f all, yur rbt wuld have t be able t sense the envirnment arund it.
Give yur rbt sensrs (传感器): light sensrs( eyes ), tuch sensrs (hands), chemical sensrs(nse), hearing sensrs(ears) and taste sensrs (tngue).
Mvement A rbt needs t be able t mve arund its envirnment. It can mve n wheels, walk n legs r be driven by small engines(发动机). A rbt can mve either the whle bdy r just parts f it.
Energy A rbt needs t be able t pwer itself. Sme rbts might pwer itself with sunlight, sme might with electricity, while thers with the battery(电池). The way yur rbt gets its energy will depend n what yur rbt needs t d.
Intelligence A rbt needs sme kind f "smarts". A prgrammer is the persn wh gives the rbt its "smarts". The rbt will have t have a certain way t receive the prgram s that it knws what it is t d.
（1）The underlined wrd "it" in Paragraph 2 is abut ____.
A. the ty B. the characteristic C. the machine D. the engine
（2）The chemical sensrs may help a rbt t ____.
A. See B. catch C. hear D. smell
（3）In hw many ways can a rbt pwer itself accrding t the passage?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur. D. Five.
（4）The Chinese meaning f "Intelligence" in the last paragraph is ____.
A. 能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
（5）What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T help peple understand what a rbt is. B. T tell what a rbt can d in ur life.
C. T describe the mvement f a rbt. D. T intrduce the histry f rbts.
【答案】 1.C 2.D3.B 4.C 5.A
Passage 6 冬奥高科技
The Beijing 2022 Winter Games are set t start this February. Yu prbably wn’t be able t watch the events in persn, but dn’t wrry, cutting-edge (尖端) technlgies will ffer yu a great game-watching experience.
With the supprt f 5G and clud technlgies, rdinary viewers will have the chance t enjy the wrld’s clearest bradcast technlgy, 8K bradcast in ultra-high definitin (超高清晰度), frm TV sets.
Olympic Bradcasting Services (OBS) Clud
A slid system fr rebradcasting（ 转播）Olympic events is the key t making sure that mre peple enjy the tp-level cmpetitin. Traditinally, rebradcasting is requiring expensive bradcasting trucks and lts f prductin directrs. But nw, by cperating with OBS, the Organizing Cmmittee has built an intelligent clud netwrk, which can cllect all n-spt ultra-high-definitin (超高清晰度) vide, edit vide materials and transmit them int multi-channel signals suited fr TV r Internet vide platfrms r bradcasting in real time. Bradcasters and prducers dn’t need t g t the scene and can further enhance（加强） the vide by adding graphics (图表) r text remtely, which helps with pandemic preventin effrts. Als, an n-site reprter can nw use ne small camera r a smartphne t livestream a sprts event.
“Free visual angle” technlgies
As speed and visual (视觉的) effects are tw imprtant characteristics f ice and snw sprts, the Beijing 2022 rganizers als develped many technlgies t give peple “immersive” （沉浸式）experiences with 360-degree replay and “free visual angle (自由视角)” technlgies. In the Wukesng Sprts Center, dzens f cameras are set arund the venue (场馆) t sht cmpetitins frm different angles at the same time. Using a phne app, viewers can chse different viewing angles t watch the events. QR cdes will be prvided fr the viewers t better interact and enjy the events up clse.
What’s mre, viewers can watch high-definitin bradcasts n VR devices. Althugh they attend the events virtually nline, they feel as if they were at the venue.
AI-pwered sign language anchr
On Nv 24, CCTV and Baidu AI Clud annunced the launch f CCTV’s first AI sign language anchr (手语主播). The anchr will help cver the Beijing Winter Olympics.
The Baidu AI Clud uses many technlgies such as speech recgnitin (识别) and machine translatin t build a cmplex and accurate (精确的) sign language translatin engine（翻译引擎). This enables the translatin f text, sund and vide int sign language.
Nw, the AI anchr appears as a yung wman with a friendly and natural dispsitin (性情). It can als be shwn in ther styles such as anime, 2D and 3D. Used by this technlgy, the AI sign language anchr will help all peple（including peple with hearing lss) better enjy the great winter event.
1. What mainly ffers yu a great game-watching experience？
A. Virtual reality technlgies.
B. Data visualizatin technlgies.
C. 5G netwrks and clud technlgies.
D. Intelligent infrmatin prcessing technlgies.
2. What can we knw abut OBS Clud?
A. It helps editrs select useful infrmatin.
B. It can effectively reduce human cntact.
C. It helps strengthen the clarity f vides.
D. It can generate relevant data analysis.
3. Hw des Wukesng Sprts Center give viewers immersive experiences?
A. By recrding 8K n-site vides.
B. By bradcasting the events in real time.
C. By shting an event frm every angle.
D. By prviding different ways f interactin fr the viewer.
4. Which f the fllwing statements is true？
A．The rebradcasting f this Winter Olympics requires expensive radi trucks and lts f prductin directrs.
B. AI sign language anchr nly helps deaf peple better enjy the great winter event.
C. Speed and sund effects are tw imprtant characteristics f ice and snw sprts
D. Reprters can use ne small camera r a smartphne t livestream a sprts event.
【答案】1-4 C B C D
7. Big data 大数据
Big data (数据) is a lt f sets f infrmatin that are put tgether s they can be used by a cmputer prgram. The cmputer prgram lks fr different kinds f answers r patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds f infrmatin frm many surces, such as infrmatin that cmes frm schls, scial media sites, cmpanies, and gvernments. One set f data can have peple's names and addresses. Anther set can have what they like, where they g t schl, and hw much time they spend n the cmputer.
Big data can be used in many ways. The gvernment uses it t understand hw many peple travel n buses r trains. This infrmatin is then used t make bus r train systems better. Sme schls use big data t understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students mre help r supprt s thse students can succeed in schl. Cmpanies use big data, t. It helps them understand wh buys their prducts. Fr example, ne cmpany uses weather data t see when peple eat the mst ice cream.
Big data can be used fr gd reasns. Sme hspitals use big data t predict if a baby wh is brn t early will get sick. The hspital can then take extra steps t take care f that baby s he r she des nt get sick. Big data can als be used fr bad reasns. It can be used t predict which kinds f peple are likely t break the law r hurt thers, even if they have nt dne anything wrng.
Hw can big data be used fr gd and bad things? It is because the cmputer prgrams used t lk at big data and understand it are written by peple. Peple think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a mdel f thse ideas. These ideas are then used t lk at the data. Smetimes, these ideas are helpful fr peple r businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause prblems fr certain grups f peple.
（1）This reading is abut ________.
A. what big data is and hw it is used
B. what schls and hspitals peple like
C. where imprtant data is cllected and stred
D. hw big data is cntrlled by gvernments and cmpanies
（2）One cmpany uses weather infrmatin t ________.
A. help children in need B. knw when peple will visit the hspital
C. find ut wh rides the bus r train D. understand when peple will need ice cream
（3）The main idea f Paragraph 3 is ________.
A. big data can be used fr gd reasns
B. we can use big data in a number f ways
C. big data can be used fr bth gd and bad reasns
D. we can use big data t prevent babies frm getting sick
（4）The verall tne (总基调) f this reading is ________.
A. sad and persnal B. persnal and scientific
C. infrmative but silly D. scientific and infrmative
答案：1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D
Passage 8 科技发明
What are yu hlding in yur hand while yu are taking the examinatin? Right. A pen.
Thugh it is small, the pen has changed the histry, imprved the trade f cuntries, recrded events, carried news, and dne far mre wrk fr human beings than all ther tls.
Prgress withut it wuld have been almst impssible. The inventin f the wheels, the intrductin f steam engine (蒸汽机), the use f electricity, all these have changed the lives f millins f peple, but the pen has dne mre. It has taken away muntains, and it has prepared the way fr all prgress and develpment f the sciety.
In the past the pen did all the wrk if yu wanted t keep any writing fr sme time. The lawyers tk up their pens and wrte the law f the cuntry frm the days when papyrus (纸莎草纸) was first used. The mst famus letters in the wrld were written with a pen. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers f all time wrte dwn their thughts.
The pen is very utilitarian. We cannt sign a bill r write a letter r buy a huse withut ur pen. An agreement is wrthless till ur name is written with a pen. The writers encurage the wrld with it. The students take their examinatins with it as well.
Our cming int the wrld is recrded with a pen. Befre we have been at schl, ur name is written n the name list with a pen. We cannt be married till we have signed. A pen recrds the imprtant events in ur life.
Let us remember that we hld in ur hand the mst pwerful instrument which man wns. The pen is a magic tl. Whenever yu use it, enjy it.
1. What is the writer trying t d in this passage?
A. Describe what a pen lks like.B. Shw the imprtance f the pen.
C. Advise peple t prepare a new pen.D. Intrduce the histry f the pen.
2. The wrd “muntains” in the third paragraph refers t (指代) “smething t ________”.
A. explain the use f electricityB. lwer the students’ scres
C. stp the scial develpmentD. change the law f the cuntry
3. The lawyers started t write the law f the cuntry ________.
A. befre their thughts were changedB. as sn as they recrded their names
C. when papyrus was first usedD. after they tk an imprtant exam
4. The underlined wrd “utilitarian” in the passage means “________”.
A. usefulB. bringC. specialD. cheap
5. What is the best title fr this passage?
A. An Exciting EventB. An Imprtant LawC. A Valuable RecrdD. A Pwerful Tl
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D
Passage 9. 趣味科普
New Zealand is a beautiful island cuntry in the Pacific Ocean. There, snwy muntains rise high abve the sea and grassy hills g acrss the land fr miles. Hwever, if yu spend sme time walking arund the land, yu’ll smell smething different. Almst 30 millin sheep and 10 millin cws travel arund thse green hills and each ne f them is farting (放屁).
That may sund like a jke. But scientists aren’t laughing. There are mre cws and sheep than peple in New Zealand: eight t ne. And these animals fart mre than 4 millin tns f gas every year.
That gas adds t ne f the mst dangerus prblems we face tday: glbal warming (全球变暖). The gas that farm animals prduce is called methane (甲烷), a greenhuse gas which can lead t climate(气候) change. But sheep and cws are nt the main reasn. Mst greenhuse gases are prduced by factries and cars.
But in New Zealand, farm animals prduce almst half the cuntry’s greenhuse gases.
That’s why scientists in New Zealand are wrking hard t slve the prblem. They’ve fund medicine that can reduce gas in sheep and cws. But mst farm animals in New Zealand walk free. It’s hard t rund them up t give them medicine.
There’s als a third plan. Sme scientists have put sheep in special scaled cages (密封笼子). They measure the gas that a sheep prduces. It helps scientists find that sme sheep naturally make less gas than thers. When they breed thse sheep tgether, their baby sheep farts less than their cusins.
It’s nly a small imprvement. But thse baby sheep just might make the planet a better place t live.
1. Which statement is TRUE abut New Zealand?
A. It’s a beautiful place fit fr walking arund.
B. Yu will see mre cws and sheep than peple there.
C. Its farm animals are in danger because f glbal warming.
D. Its greenhuse gases mstly cme frm factries and cars.
2. What prblem have cws and sheep brught t New Zealand?
A. Air pllutin.B. Rising sea level.
C. Fewer grassland.D. less land fr fd.
3 What can the special seal cages help d?
A. Stp sheep frm farting.B. Reduce sheep’s gas prductin.
C. Cut dwn the sheep ppulatin.D. Pick ut sheep that prduces less gas.
4. Hw des the writer feel abut the third plan?
A. It might wrk.B. It will cst t much.
C. It’s easy t carry ut.D. It will d harm t sheep.
5. Which part f a newspaper is this passage prbably frm?
A. Educatin.B. Way f Life.C. Science.D. Wrld news.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C
Passage 10 高新科技研究
Imagine using yur cat t lk thrugh the internet, send and receive messages, and even read a map. Yes, yu read that crrectly—yur cat.
It may sund silly, but it’s smething scientists are wrking n. Researchers at Shanghai’s Fudan University have made a new type f clth that can be used as a digital display （显示屏）.
Prfessr Peng Huisheng and his team have spent 10 years trying t make “digital clth”. After testing different cmbinatins, they chse tw materials that wrked: a silver-plated yarn （镀银纱）that can light up and a kind f thread （纺线）that cnducts （传导）electricity.
The results have been admirable. It’s nt nly wearable and fldable, but als washable. After being put thrugh 100 wash-and-dry cycles in a washing machine and flded 10, 000 times, the clth remained almst unchanged.
Peng believes that the new clth culd be used fr many things. Fr example, it culd allw a driver t view a GPS map n their arm while they drive arund. It culd als help peple cmmunicate better if they have language barriers （障碍）r disabilities.
In ne test, Peng’s team cllected brainwaves frm vlunteers wh had either been playing a game r meditating. The waves were then translated int messages like “anxius” r “relaxed” and shwn n the clth. This culd help deaf-mute （聋哑的） peple “talk” t each ther in the future.
“We hpe that new materials will shape next-generatin electrnic devices by changing the way we interact with them, ”said Peng.
1. The researchers have made a new type f clth that can be used as a ________.
A. digital cameraB. digital display
C. digital methdD. digital cmmunicatin
2. A silver-plated yam and a kind f ________ were chsen t make “digital clth”.
A. gldB. metalC. steelD. thread
3. The new clth can allw a driver ________ n their arm when they drive arund.
A. t read a GPS mapB. t print a GPS map
C. t make a GPS mapD. t draw a GPS map
4. The underlined wrd “meditating” in Paragraph 6 means ________ in Chinese.
A. 争吵B. 打架C. 冥想D. 讨论
5. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE?
A. The new clth remained unchanged after it is washed r flded.
B. New materials may shape next-generatin electrnic devices.
C. The new clth culd help peple wh have language barriers r disabilities cmmunicate better.
D. The “fueling” shwn n the clth culdn’t help deaf-mute peple “talk” t each ther.
答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D
Passage 11 自然现象
Yu might have seen beautiful rainbws in the sky befre. They frm when sunlight falls n water drps in the air. But in fact, mnlight can als create rainbws in the same way. They are called “mnbws”. They are similar t rainbws, but they are created by mnlight instead f direct sunlight.
Mnbws are rarer than rainbws. Different weather and astrnmical （天文学的）cnditins have t be just right fr mnbws t be created.
The mn has t be very lw in the sky-nly 42 degrees frm the hrizn （地平线）. The mn perid has t be a full mn r nearly full. The sky must be very dark fr a mnbw t be watched clearly-any bright light can bscure it. Water drps must appear in the air in the ppsite directin f the mn.
Mnbws appear n the ppsite side f the mn and usually lk white t the human eye. This is because their clrs are nt bright enugh t be nticed by the human eye. It is pssible, hwever, t view the clrs in a mnbw using lng expsure （长时间曝光）phtgraphy.
Mnbws mre ften appear in sme lcatins arund the wrld. Mst f these lcatins usually have waterfalls, which create thin fg in the air. Sme f these lcatins are the Ysemite Natinal Park in Califrnia and Cumberland Falls State Resrt Park in Kentucky, US; Victria Falls n the brder f Zambia and Zimbabwe; and Waimea in Hawaii, US.
Mnbws d really happen. S at a certain time and a certain place, when a mnbw happens t appear, yu can’t miss it if yu’re right there.
1. Accrding t the first tw paragraphs, mnbws are ________.
A. created by sunlightB. much easier t find
C. seen during the dayD. mre difficult t frm
2. Which f the fllwing can be the cnditins fr a mnbw t frm?
A. A half mn hangs high in the bright sky.
B. A full mn is 50 degrees frm the hrizn.
C. A nearly full mn hangs lw in the dark sky.
D. Water drps are in the ppsite directin f the sun.
3. What des the underlined wrd “bscure” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. cverB. drpC. cnnectD. prduce
4. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Cnditins f mnbws.B. Backgrund f mnbws.
C. Lcatins f mnbws.D. Develpment f mnbws.
答案：1. D 2.C 3.A. 4.C
Passage 1. 科技发明
Hw d animals recgnize (识别) human’s faces? This questin is at the heart f Chinese American scientist Dris Tsa’s research. Tsa was knwn as ne f the winners f 2018 MacArthur Award (麦克阿瑟奖) —ne f the highest academic (学术的) hnrs in the US. Each year, the MacArthur Fundatin chses twenty t thirty talented peple and gives mney fr their wrk.
Tsa’s team des sme experiments with mnkeys. The scientists fund ut that there are abut 200 nerve cells (神经细胞) in the mnkeys’ brains. They can help the mnkeys t recgnize faces. Each cell can recgnize a different facial characteristic, such as the shape f ur face r the clr f ur skin. With all f the infrmatin, mnkeys can build a picture f a persn’s face in their minds.
Thrugh their study, the scientist shwed us hw mnkeys “see” human faces in their wn minds. They shwed the mnkeys pictures f sme different human faces. At the same time, they recrded the activity f every nerve cell in the mnkeys’ brains. Then, they were able t use cmputer t study this brain activity and finally find ut the faces that the mnkeys “saw” in their minds.
Althugh the study was abut mnkeys, scientists believe that human beings might recgnize faces in a similar way. Plice culd use this technlgy in the future. They culd recreate the face f a bad guy by recrding a witness’ (目击证人) brain activity, Tsa tld the Daily Mail.
( )1. What can help the mnkeys recgnize a persn’s face?
A. Eyes B. Skin clr C. Nerve cells D. Experiments
( )2. Hw did the scientists find ut the faces in the mnkeys’ minds?
A. By putting micrchips int the mnkeys’ brains.
B. By asking an artist t draw pictures f the faces.
C. By recrding the brain activity and studying it with cmputer.
D. By shwing the pictures f human faces t the mnkeys.
( )3. What des the underlined wrd “characteristic” mean in Chinese?
A. 特征 B. 性格 C. 表情 D. 动作
( )4. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The MacArthur Fundatin chses hard-wrking peple.
B. Tsa believes this technlgy culd be used t find bad guys.
C. There are mre than 200 cell nerves in a mnkey’s brain.
D. Scientists think humans recgnize faces in a different way.
( )5. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Where We Can Find a Bad Guy
B. Hw Mnkeys See Us
C. What Human Faces Are Like
D. Why the Experiments with Mnkeys Are Successful
Answers：1. C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B
Passage 2 核能知识科普
Nuclear（核）pwer’s danger t health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in ne wrd: radiatin（辐射）.
Nuclear radiatin has a certain mystery（神秘）abut it, partly because it cannt be fund by human senses. It can’t be seen r heard, r tuched r tasted, even thugh it may be all arund us. There are ther things like that. Fr example, radi waves are all arund us but we can’t detect them, sense them, withut a radi receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense radiactivity withut a radiatin detectr（探测器）. But unlike cmmn radi waves, nuclear radiatin is nt harmless t human beings and ther living things.
At very high levels, radiatin can kill an animal r human being cmpletely by killing masses（块；团）f cells（细胞）in vital（=very imprtant）rgans. But even the lwest level f radiatin can d serius damage. There is n level f radiatin that is cmpletely safe. If the radiatin des nt hit anything imprtant, the damage may nt be significant. This is the case when nly a few cells are hit, and if they are killed cmpletely, yur bdy will replace the dead cells with healthy nes. But if the few cells are nly damaged, and if they reprduce themselves, yu may be in truble. They reprduce themselves in a defrmed（畸形）way. They can grw int cancer（癌症）. Smetimes this des nt shw up fr many years.
This is anther reasn fr sme f the mystery abut nuclear radiatin. Serius damage can be dne withut the victim（牺牲者）being aware at the time that damage has ccurred. A persn can feel fine, then die f cancer five, ten, r twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be brn weak r easy t have serius illness as a result f radiatin absrbed（吸收）by its grandparents.
Radiatin can hurt us. We must knw the truth.
1 Nuclear radiatin has a certain mystery because ________.
A. peple can’t feel itB. peple knw nthing abut it
C. nuclear radiatin isn’t harmful t pepleD. peple haven’t any detectrs
2. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. We can’t detect radiactivity even with mdern equipment.
B. Only radiatin at very high levels can kill an animal r human being.
C. If a few cells are nly damaged，healthy cells will take the place f dead nes.
D. Radiatin is harmful n matter what level it is.
3. The wrd “significant” in paragraph 3 has the similar meaning with ________.
A. imprtantB. meaningfulC. harmfulD. bvius
4.. Radiatin can hurt us in that it can ________.
A. affect the healthy grwth f ur ffspring（后代）
B. damage cells which grw int cancer years later
C. kill large number f cells in main rgans s as t cause death immediately
D. all f the abve
5.. What’s the authr’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. Emphasizing the imprtance f prtectin f radiatin.
B. Slving the mystery abut radiatin.
C. Discussing the cause f cancer.
D. Intrducing the nuclear pwer.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A
Passage 3 航天航空
Chinese astrnauts, r taiknauts, ZhaiZhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu headed t the cre mdule (核心舱) f China’s space statin at 00: 23 a.m. Beijing Time n Octber 16, 2021.
Brn in Octber 1966, Zhai is the first Chinese t cnduct a spacewalk, making China the third cuntry in the wrld t master the technlgy fr extravehicular (舱外的) activities. As the mst experienced crew member f Shenzhu-13, he wrks as the cmmander (指挥官) f the missin.
Zhai was admitted t the first batch (一组) f taiknauts in 1998. He was amng the final grups t train fr the Shenzhu-5 and Shenzhu-6 flights, but finally flew abrad the Shenzhu-7 spacecraft. During the Shenzhu-7 missin in September 2008, Zhai served as the cmmander f the spacecraft. He perfrmed a landmark 20-minute spacewalk with the help f Liu Bming, wh later became ne f the Shenzhu-12 crew.
Brn in 1980, Wang is China’s first millennial (千禧一代) taiknauts (中国航天员) and the secnd female taiknaut wh has been t space. She has becme the cuntry’s first female taiknaut t wrk in China’s space statin, and als the first female taiknaut t cnduct extravehicular activities, accrding t the CMSA．
In May 2010, Wang was selected t be a member f the secnd batch f taiknauts. In June 2013, Wang and tw ther crewmates, NieHaisheng and Zhang Xiaguang, were sent t space abrad Shenzhu-10. She was als the first Chinese persn t give a lecture in space eight years ag, which prved inspiratinal fr numerus yung Chinese, many f whm later attended tp universities.
Ye, als brn in 1980, was selected int the secnd batch f taiknauts in 2010 and qualified fr manned space flight in 2014. The missin f Shenzhu-13 is his first flight in space.
He was nce an air frce pilt with 1,100 hurs f jet fighter flight time. He tk the Eurpean Space Agency’s undergrund astrnaut training curse in June 2016. Ye speaks fluent English and is regarded as ne f the key taiknauts t hst freign cunterparts (同行) when China’s space statin becmes fully peratinal.
1．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．ZhaiZhigang is the first Chinese t cnduct a 20-minute spacewalk.
B．Wang Yaping was sent t space abrad Shenzhu-10 with NieHaisheng and Zhang Xiaguang.
C．ZhaiZhigang was ne f the Shenzhu-12 crew.
D．Ye Guangfu used t be an air frce pilt with 1,100 hurs f jet fighter flight time.
2．What can we knw abut Wang Yaping?
A．She is the first taiknaut t visit China’s space statin.
B．She is the first female taiknaut t cnduct extravehicular activities.
C．She gave an inspiratinal lecture in space eight years ag t ask students t study hard.
D．This is her first time t be sent t space.
3．What is the crrect rder fr the fllwing events abut ZhaiZhigang?
a. ZhaiZhigang was brn.
b. He perfrmed a landmark 20-minute walk.
c. He served as the cmmander f the Shenzhu-13 spaceflight missin.
d. He was selected t be a member f the first batch taiknauts.
e. He was amng the final grups t train fr the Shenzhu-5 and Shenzhu-6 filghts.
A．a-e-b-d-c B．a-b-d-e-c C．a-d-b-e-c D．a-d-e-b-c
4．What can we infer (推断) frm the passage?
A．The students wh listened t Wang Yaping’s lecture were encuraged and all attended sme tp universities.
B．Liu Bming was ne f the taiknauts in the Shenzhu-7 missin.
C．Ye Guangfu is regarded as the key taiknaut t hst freign cunterparts when China’s space statin becmes fully peratinal.
D．Except China, tw mre cuntries in the wrld has mastered the technlgy fr extravehicular activities.
答案：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B
Passage 4 高新科技
Water shrtages influence s many lives. The cmpany
Watergen prduced a new machine t help slve this prblem. The machine, called GENNY, is small enugh t be used in a hme r ffice but can prduce up t 30 liters f water a day. Mre imprtantly, it can prduce clean water ut f air.
GENNY takes air in and passes it thrugh a filter （过滤器）t remve dust and dirt. The filter is pwerful enugh t wrk even in areas with high air pllutin. The air then passes thrugh a rm where heating and cling turns steam in the air int water. This water is then passed thrugh several mre filters, and minerals are added t make it healthier and better-tasting. Finally, the water is kept in a tank where it is cntinually recycled t keep it fresh.
The heating and cling prcess, called GENius, is far mre energy-efficient than ther technlgies that prduce water frm air. It prduces fur t five times mre water per kilwatt-hur （千瓦时）. Watergen has ther prducts that use this same technlgy n a larger size, the largest f which can prduce up t 5,000 liters f water per day.
As a cmpany, Watergen aims t prvide drinking water t the billins f peple wh dn't have safe drinking water at hme. Last year Watergen Js large-size prducts were given t the lcal gvernment in Brazil, Vietnam and India.
Watergn tries t help the envirnment by reducing waste caused by plastic bttles. Peple can put the water frm GENNY int reusable bttles s that plastic nes dn' t get used and thrwn away. It als calls fr saving energy. There are even tw types f GENNY: ne that uses the electrical pwer supply and anther that runs n energy frm slar pwer. The latter ne is particularly useful fr villages r ther areas nt cnnected t an electrical netwrk.
Watergen's technlgy is sure t help many peple arund the wrld as well as help take care f ur planet.
1. What des the underlined wrd uitn refer t in paragraph 1?
A. The latest technlgy. B. The cmpany Watergen.
C. The new machine GENNY. D. The heating and cling prcess GENius
2. What is the crrect rder f GEN NY prducing water ut f air?
a. Sme minerals are added int the water.
b. It takes air in and passes it thiugh a filter.
c. The water is stred in a tank t keep it fresh.
d. The water passed thrugh several mre filters.
e. The heating and cling turns steam int water.
A. b—e—a—c—dB. b—e—d—a—cC. e—b-d—a-cD. e—b-a-c-d
3. Hw can GENNY help the envirnment?
A. It prduces clean and safe water and air. B. It uses slar pwer t turn air int water.
C. It stps peple frm using bttles t drink. D. It slves the prblem f water shrtage in the wrld.
4. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Water frm AirB. Clean Air ut f Water
C. Ways f Turning Air int WaterD. New Technlgy Saves the Wd
答案: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A
Passage 5. Rbt
In ur daily life, rbts are ften fund t d wrk that is t dangerus, bring, difficult, r dirty. And we ften see kids play with ty rbts.
But what exactly is a rbt? There are sme imprtant characteristics(特征) that a rbt must have. These characteristics might help yu t decide what is and what is nt a rbt. It will als help yu t decide what yu will need t build int a machine befre it can be cnsidered as a rbt. A rbt has these imprtant characteristics.
Sensing First f all, yur rbt wuld have t be able t sense the envirnment arund it.
Give yur rbt sensrs (传感器): light sensrs( eyes ), tuch sensrs (hands), chemical sensrs(nse), hearing sensrs(ears) and taste sensrs (tngue).
Mvement A rbt needs t be able t mve arund its envirnment. It can mve n wheels, walk n legs r be driven by small engines(发动机). A rbt can mve either the whle bdy r just parts f it.
Energy A rbt needs t be able t pwer itself. Sme rbts might pwer itself with sunlight, sme might with electricity, while thers with the battery(电池). The way yur rbt gets its energy will depend n what yur rbt needs t d.
Intelligence A rbt needs sme kind f "smarts". A prgrammer is the persn wh gives the rbt its "smarts". The rbt will have t have a certain way t receive the prgram s that it knws what it is t d.
（1）The underlined wrd "it" in Paragraph 2 is abut ____.
A. the ty B. the characteristic C. the machine D. the engine
（2）The chemical sensrs may help a rbt t ____.
A. See B. catch C. hear D. smell
（3）In hw many ways can a rbt pwer itself accrding t the passage?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur. D. Five.
（4）The Chinese meaning f "Intelligence" in the last paragraph is ____.
A. 能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
（5）What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T help peple understand what a rbt is. B. T tell what a rbt can d in ur life.
C. T describe the mvement f a rbt. D. T intrduce the histry f rbts.
【答案】 1.C 2.D3.B 4.C 5.A
Passage 6 冬奥高科技
The Beijing 2022 Winter Games are set t start this February. Yu prbably wn’t be able t watch the events in persn, but dn’t wrry, cutting-edge (尖端) technlgies will ffer yu a great game-watching experience.
With the supprt f 5G and clud technlgies, rdinary viewers will have the chance t enjy the wrld’s clearest bradcast technlgy, 8K bradcast in ultra-high definitin (超高清晰度), frm TV sets.
Olympic Bradcasting Services (OBS) Clud
A slid system fr rebradcasting（ 转播）Olympic events is the key t making sure that mre peple enjy the tp-level cmpetitin. Traditinally, rebradcasting is requiring expensive bradcasting trucks and lts f prductin directrs. But nw, by cperating with OBS, the Organizing Cmmittee has built an intelligent clud netwrk, which can cllect all n-spt ultra-high-definitin (超高清晰度) vide, edit vide materials and transmit them int multi-channel signals suited fr TV r Internet vide platfrms r bradcasting in real time. Bradcasters and prducers dn’t need t g t the scene and can further enhance（加强） the vide by adding graphics (图表) r text remtely, which helps with pandemic preventin effrts. Als, an n-site reprter can nw use ne small camera r a smartphne t livestream a sprts event.
“Free visual angle” technlgies
As speed and visual (视觉的) effects are tw imprtant characteristics f ice and snw sprts, the Beijing 2022 rganizers als develped many technlgies t give peple “immersive” （沉浸式）experiences with 360-degree replay and “free visual angle (自由视角)” technlgies. In the Wukesng Sprts Center, dzens f cameras are set arund the venue (场馆) t sht cmpetitins frm different angles at the same time. Using a phne app, viewers can chse different viewing angles t watch the events. QR cdes will be prvided fr the viewers t better interact and enjy the events up clse.
What’s mre, viewers can watch high-definitin bradcasts n VR devices. Althugh they attend the events virtually nline, they feel as if they were at the venue.
AI-pwered sign language anchr
On Nv 24, CCTV and Baidu AI Clud annunced the launch f CCTV’s first AI sign language anchr (手语主播). The anchr will help cver the Beijing Winter Olympics.
The Baidu AI Clud uses many technlgies such as speech recgnitin (识别) and machine translatin t build a cmplex and accurate (精确的) sign language translatin engine（翻译引擎). This enables the translatin f text, sund and vide int sign language.
Nw, the AI anchr appears as a yung wman with a friendly and natural dispsitin (性情). It can als be shwn in ther styles such as anime, 2D and 3D. Used by this technlgy, the AI sign language anchr will help all peple（including peple with hearing lss) better enjy the great winter event.
1. What mainly ffers yu a great game-watching experience？
A. Virtual reality technlgies.
B. Data visualizatin technlgies.
C. 5G netwrks and clud technlgies.
D. Intelligent infrmatin prcessing technlgies.
2. What can we knw abut OBS Clud?
A. It helps editrs select useful infrmatin.
B. It can effectively reduce human cntact.
C. It helps strengthen the clarity f vides.
D. It can generate relevant data analysis.
3. Hw des Wukesng Sprts Center give viewers immersive experiences?
A. By recrding 8K n-site vides.
B. By bradcasting the events in real time.
C. By shting an event frm every angle.
D. By prviding different ways f interactin fr the viewer.
4. Which f the fllwing statements is true？
A．The rebradcasting f this Winter Olympics requires expensive radi trucks and lts f prductin directrs.
B. AI sign language anchr nly helps deaf peple better enjy the great winter event.
C. Speed and sund effects are tw imprtant characteristics f ice and snw sprts
D. Reprters can use ne small camera r a smartphne t livestream a sprts event.
【答案】1-4 C B C D
7. Big data 大数据
Big data (数据) is a lt f sets f infrmatin that are put tgether s they can be used by a cmputer prgram. The cmputer prgram lks fr different kinds f answers r patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds f infrmatin frm many surces, such as infrmatin that cmes frm schls, scial media sites, cmpanies, and gvernments. One set f data can have peple's names and addresses. Anther set can have what they like, where they g t schl, and hw much time they spend n the cmputer.
Big data can be used in many ways. The gvernment uses it t understand hw many peple travel n buses r trains. This infrmatin is then used t make bus r train systems better. Sme schls use big data t understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students mre help r supprt s thse students can succeed in schl. Cmpanies use big data, t. It helps them understand wh buys their prducts. Fr example, ne cmpany uses weather data t see when peple eat the mst ice cream.
Big data can be used fr gd reasns. Sme hspitals use big data t predict if a baby wh is brn t early will get sick. The hspital can then take extra steps t take care f that baby s he r she des nt get sick. Big data can als be used fr bad reasns. It can be used t predict which kinds f peple are likely t break the law r hurt thers, even if they have nt dne anything wrng.
Hw can big data be used fr gd and bad things? It is because the cmputer prgrams used t lk at big data and understand it are written by peple. Peple think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a mdel f thse ideas. These ideas are then used t lk at the data. Smetimes, these ideas are helpful fr peple r businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause prblems fr certain grups f peple.
（1）This reading is abut ________.
A. what big data is and hw it is used
B. what schls and hspitals peple like
C. where imprtant data is cllected and stred
D. hw big data is cntrlled by gvernments and cmpanies
（2）One cmpany uses weather infrmatin t ________.
A. help children in need B. knw when peple will visit the hspital
C. find ut wh rides the bus r train D. understand when peple will need ice cream
（3）The main idea f Paragraph 3 is ________.
A. big data can be used fr gd reasns
B. we can use big data in a number f ways
C. big data can be used fr bth gd and bad reasns
D. we can use big data t prevent babies frm getting sick
（4）The verall tne (总基调) f this reading is ________.
A. sad and persnal B. persnal and scientific
C. infrmative but silly D. scientific and infrmative
答案：1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D
Passage 8 科技发明
What are yu hlding in yur hand while yu are taking the examinatin? Right. A pen.
Thugh it is small, the pen has changed the histry, imprved the trade f cuntries, recrded events, carried news, and dne far mre wrk fr human beings than all ther tls.
Prgress withut it wuld have been almst impssible. The inventin f the wheels, the intrductin f steam engine (蒸汽机), the use f electricity, all these have changed the lives f millins f peple, but the pen has dne mre. It has taken away muntains, and it has prepared the way fr all prgress and develpment f the sciety.
In the past the pen did all the wrk if yu wanted t keep any writing fr sme time. The lawyers tk up their pens and wrte the law f the cuntry frm the days when papyrus (纸莎草纸) was first used. The mst famus letters in the wrld were written with a pen. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers f all time wrte dwn their thughts.
The pen is very utilitarian. We cannt sign a bill r write a letter r buy a huse withut ur pen. An agreement is wrthless till ur name is written with a pen. The writers encurage the wrld with it. The students take their examinatins with it as well.
Our cming int the wrld is recrded with a pen. Befre we have been at schl, ur name is written n the name list with a pen. We cannt be married till we have signed. A pen recrds the imprtant events in ur life.
Let us remember that we hld in ur hand the mst pwerful instrument which man wns. The pen is a magic tl. Whenever yu use it, enjy it.
1. What is the writer trying t d in this passage?
A. Describe what a pen lks like.B. Shw the imprtance f the pen.
C. Advise peple t prepare a new pen.D. Intrduce the histry f the pen.
2. The wrd “muntains” in the third paragraph refers t (指代) “smething t ________”.
A. explain the use f electricityB. lwer the students’ scres
C. stp the scial develpmentD. change the law f the cuntry
3. The lawyers started t write the law f the cuntry ________.
A. befre their thughts were changedB. as sn as they recrded their names
C. when papyrus was first usedD. after they tk an imprtant exam
4. The underlined wrd “utilitarian” in the passage means “________”.
A. usefulB. bringC. specialD. cheap
5. What is the best title fr this passage?
A. An Exciting EventB. An Imprtant LawC. A Valuable RecrdD. A Pwerful Tl
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D
Passage 9. 趣味科普
New Zealand is a beautiful island cuntry in the Pacific Ocean. There, snwy muntains rise high abve the sea and grassy hills g acrss the land fr miles. Hwever, if yu spend sme time walking arund the land, yu’ll smell smething different. Almst 30 millin sheep and 10 millin cws travel arund thse green hills and each ne f them is farting (放屁).
That may sund like a jke. But scientists aren’t laughing. There are mre cws and sheep than peple in New Zealand: eight t ne. And these animals fart mre than 4 millin tns f gas every year.
That gas adds t ne f the mst dangerus prblems we face tday: glbal warming (全球变暖). The gas that farm animals prduce is called methane (甲烷), a greenhuse gas which can lead t climate(气候) change. But sheep and cws are nt the main reasn. Mst greenhuse gases are prduced by factries and cars.
But in New Zealand, farm animals prduce almst half the cuntry’s greenhuse gases.
That’s why scientists in New Zealand are wrking hard t slve the prblem. They’ve fund medicine that can reduce gas in sheep and cws. But mst farm animals in New Zealand walk free. It’s hard t rund them up t give them medicine.
There’s als a third plan. Sme scientists have put sheep in special scaled cages (密封笼子). They measure the gas that a sheep prduces. It helps scientists find that sme sheep naturally make less gas than thers. When they breed thse sheep tgether, their baby sheep farts less than their cusins.
It’s nly a small imprvement. But thse baby sheep just might make the planet a better place t live.
1. Which statement is TRUE abut New Zealand?
A. It’s a beautiful place fit fr walking arund.
B. Yu will see mre cws and sheep than peple there.
C. Its farm animals are in danger because f glbal warming.
D. Its greenhuse gases mstly cme frm factries and cars.
2. What prblem have cws and sheep brught t New Zealand?
A. Air pllutin.B. Rising sea level.
C. Fewer grassland.D. less land fr fd.
3 What can the special seal cages help d?
A. Stp sheep frm farting.B. Reduce sheep’s gas prductin.
C. Cut dwn the sheep ppulatin.D. Pick ut sheep that prduces less gas.
4. Hw des the writer feel abut the third plan?
A. It might wrk.B. It will cst t much.
C. It’s easy t carry ut.D. It will d harm t sheep.
5. Which part f a newspaper is this passage prbably frm?
A. Educatin.B. Way f Life.C. Science.D. Wrld news.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C
Passage 10 高新科技研究
Imagine using yur cat t lk thrugh the internet, send and receive messages, and even read a map. Yes, yu read that crrectly—yur cat.
It may sund silly, but it’s smething scientists are wrking n. Researchers at Shanghai’s Fudan University have made a new type f clth that can be used as a digital display （显示屏）.
Prfessr Peng Huisheng and his team have spent 10 years trying t make “digital clth”. After testing different cmbinatins, they chse tw materials that wrked: a silver-plated yarn （镀银纱）that can light up and a kind f thread （纺线）that cnducts （传导）electricity.
The results have been admirable. It’s nt nly wearable and fldable, but als washable. After being put thrugh 100 wash-and-dry cycles in a washing machine and flded 10, 000 times, the clth remained almst unchanged.
Peng believes that the new clth culd be used fr many things. Fr example, it culd allw a driver t view a GPS map n their arm while they drive arund. It culd als help peple cmmunicate better if they have language barriers （障碍）r disabilities.
In ne test, Peng’s team cllected brainwaves frm vlunteers wh had either been playing a game r meditating. The waves were then translated int messages like “anxius” r “relaxed” and shwn n the clth. This culd help deaf-mute （聋哑的） peple “talk” t each ther in the future.
“We hpe that new materials will shape next-generatin electrnic devices by changing the way we interact with them, ”said Peng.
1. The researchers have made a new type f clth that can be used as a ________.
A. digital cameraB. digital display
C. digital methdD. digital cmmunicatin
2. A silver-plated yam and a kind f ________ were chsen t make “digital clth”.
A. gldB. metalC. steelD. thread
3. The new clth can allw a driver ________ n their arm when they drive arund.
A. t read a GPS mapB. t print a GPS map
C. t make a GPS mapD. t draw a GPS map
4. The underlined wrd “meditating” in Paragraph 6 means ________ in Chinese.
A. 争吵B. 打架C. 冥想D. 讨论
5. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE?
A. The new clth remained unchanged after it is washed r flded.
B. New materials may shape next-generatin electrnic devices.
C. The new clth culd help peple wh have language barriers r disabilities cmmunicate better.
D. The “fueling” shwn n the clth culdn’t help deaf-mute peple “talk” t each ther.
答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D
Passage 11 自然现象
Yu might have seen beautiful rainbws in the sky befre. They frm when sunlight falls n water drps in the air. But in fact, mnlight can als create rainbws in the same way. They are called “mnbws”. They are similar t rainbws, but they are created by mnlight instead f direct sunlight.
Mnbws are rarer than rainbws. Different weather and astrnmical （天文学的）cnditins have t be just right fr mnbws t be created.
The mn has t be very lw in the sky-nly 42 degrees frm the hrizn （地平线）. The mn perid has t be a full mn r nearly full. The sky must be very dark fr a mnbw t be watched clearly-any bright light can bscure it. Water drps must appear in the air in the ppsite directin f the mn.
Mnbws appear n the ppsite side f the mn and usually lk white t the human eye. This is because their clrs are nt bright enugh t be nticed by the human eye. It is pssible, hwever, t view the clrs in a mnbw using lng expsure （长时间曝光）phtgraphy.
Mnbws mre ften appear in sme lcatins arund the wrld. Mst f these lcatins usually have waterfalls, which create thin fg in the air. Sme f these lcatins are the Ysemite Natinal Park in Califrnia and Cumberland Falls State Resrt Park in Kentucky, US; Victria Falls n the brder f Zambia and Zimbabwe; and Waimea in Hawaii, US.
Mnbws d really happen. S at a certain time and a certain place, when a mnbw happens t appear, yu can’t miss it if yu’re right there.
1. Accrding t the first tw paragraphs, mnbws are ________.
A. created by sunlightB. much easier t find
C. seen during the dayD. mre difficult t frm
2. Which f the fllwing can be the cnditins fr a mnbw t frm?
A. A half mn hangs high in the bright sky.
B. A full mn is 50 degrees frm the hrizn.
C. A nearly full mn hangs lw in the dark sky.
D. Water drps are in the ppsite directin f the sun.
3. What des the underlined wrd “bscure” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. cverB. drpC. cnnectD. prduce
4. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Cnditins f mnbws.B. Backgrund f mnbws.
C. Lcatins f mnbws.D. Develpment f mnbws.
答案：1. D 2.C 3.A. 4.C
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