金太阳2022全国100所名校高考模拟试卷（九）英语试卷及答案解析

绝密★启用前

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语模拟测试

本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Four Best Items to Give Kids as Gifts

●1-2-3 Build It! Robot Factory

With this toy, children build their own robot using 18 different plastic pieces. The option to mix-and-match to create a one-of-a-kind robot or follow a booklet containing photos of different  models encourages creative thinking, spatial reasoning skills and independent design, all qualities of a good engineer. (Learning Resources,$24.99)

●Abby Invents the Foldibot

Abby's mom is sick of folding laundry, and Abby wants to develop a folding machine. She partners up with her cousin Miko to build the Foldboat. Author and engineer Arlyne Simon takes readers through the whole engineering process in the book. Abby, Miko and the diverse cast of characters work together and eventually create their desired machines success-fully after many failed attempts.(Bella Agnes Books,$18.95)

●STEM Apple Factory

The STEM Apple Factory is a colorful, highly interactive set that comes with six instruction cards and 12 apples, which come in three colors and a specific number of seeds in-side. The cards provide instructions to move the apples through six stations, from washing to sorting to packing them in boxes. The open-ended design allows kids to use objects they find around the house to represent each station.(Skoolzy,$39.99)

●Snap Circuits Light

This 55-piece set contains a circuit board, an instruction manual with 101 projects, and various small machines.  Kids can firstly use switches and batteries to light up different parts of the board, and then the models become increasingly more complex. They can wire the board to sound an alarm, play music from a speaker, launch a helicopter-like fan or put on their own light show.(Elenco,$98.00)

1.Which one best helps children develop the ability to design?

A.1-2-3 Build It! Robot Factory.

B.Abby Invents the Foldibot.

C.STEM Apple Factory.

D.Snap Circuits Light.

2.In which aspect can kids benefit from Abby Invents the Foldibot?

A.Knowing how to write a book.

B.Having a passion for the labor.

C.Learning the value of teamwork.

D.Being more willing to be helpful.

3.What is special about Snap Circuits Light?

A. It takes much patience.    B. It takes up the most space.

C.It involves group work.    D.It needs some electricity to work.

B

When Sarah Harmeyer moved to Dallas before the pandemic（流行病），she didn’t know any of her neighbors. So she decided to invite them all to dinner-and was thrilled when 91 people showed up in her backyard.

While COVID-19 has changed how neighbors interact, making helpful connections to people  and businesses nearby is more important than ever. For Harmeyer, it started with a simple  desire to know others in her community. And the free Nextdoor neighborhood networking app made what could seem like an awesome process easy.

“I went to the Nextdoor app and I said, 'If you've never stepped outside of your house to meet your neighbors, would you consider coming? I would love to meet you,'” she said. After she reached out, Harmeyer discovered others wanted to connect just as much as she did, if not more.  “Something is extraordinary when we reach out to each other as neighbors,” Harmeyer said.

Since that first request, Harmeyer has now hosted gatherings with more than 3,500 neighbors in total. She's had people over for dinner, backyard concerts, holiday parties and more. By posting her invitations to Nextdoor, she continues to grow her community. Harm-eyer even shares hosting tips and tricks through Nextdoor for others interested in becoming “people-gatherers” like her.

“By the time I left, I felt like I had new friends,” Jennifer Rylander said after attending one of Harmeyer's backyard gatherings. Neighbor Travis Brannon added, “It takes a lot of courage to take that next step and get out and meet someone face-to-face.”

Harmeyer's story shows how one person has the power to strengthen their entire neighborhood.  Technology like Nextdoor can be used to promote real-world interactions and  ,in return, these gatherings can spark positive change.

4. Why did Harmeyer invite all her neighbors to dinner?

A.To show her kindness and generosity.

B.To confirm this pandemic is not so terrible.

C.To change how neighbors communicate.

D.To know more neighbors as soon as possible.

5.How did Harmeyer get her first request delivered to her neighbors?

A.By putting up notices.     B.By informing them face-to-face.

C.By using the Nextdoor app.    D.By sending some invitations.

6.Which word can best describe Harmeyer according to the text?

A.Outgoing.   B.Cautious.  C.Stubborn.   D.Selfish.

7.What can we conclude from Harmeyer's story?

A.COVID-19 has made it harder to work out.

B.Technology is changing people's lifestyle.

C.The Nextdoor app becomes popular during the pandemic.

D. Everyone can play a part in strengthening their neighborhood.

C

We need a varied diet, and one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats. “Eating a traditional Mediterranean diet means you consume different nutrients and phytonutrients,” says Francesco Sofi of the University of Florence. Phytonutrients are small chemical compounds produced by plants that help us digest larger nutrients.

Really, he adds, the colors of the Mediterranean diet are no different to other vegetable-based diets. There're thus other reasons why it is among the healthiest. For example, Medi-terranean populations traditionally boil, rather than fry, their vegetables, which preserves nutrients , Sofi says.

The health benefits of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables on our brain and heart are among the most consistent findings within nutrition science, says Deanna Minich of the University of Western States in Portland, Oregon. Plant foods contain thousands of phytonutrients.

According to Tian-shin Yeh of Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, eating a colorful diet can help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food.  “Re-search has found that orange juice can reduce the risk of cognitive（认知的）decline，but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says.

Minich argues that the rainbow diet isn't limited to fruit and vegetables, but includes other natural foods, such as herbs, spices, nuts, seeds, and even tea. She also considers white food as part of the rainbow diet, including tofu. Eating various colors could mean we eat more fruit and vegetables overall.

There're other ways to get a range of nutrients and phytonutrients from your diet, re-searchers say.  One study found that participants who ate bitter and strong-tasting vegetables over 12 weeks had lower blood pressure and blood sugar. It's also important to consider which parts of the plant you're eating, says Yeh. “The nutritional values for cabbage and turnip （大头菜） aren’t that similar because one is the leaf and the other one is the root part of the plant,”  she says.

8.What else makes the Mediterranean diet healthy besides its rich content?

A.Its easy availability.

B.Its appealing colors.

C.Its ways of cooking.

D.Its easily being absorbed.

9. What's a good way to get nutrients and phytonutrients from a diet besides color?

A.Paying attention to taste.

B. Eating all parts of a plant.

C.Eating seasonally and locally.

D.Combining different diets every day.

10.How does the author develop the text?

A.By listing health benefits of the rainbow diet.

B. By providing viewpoints of different experts.

C.By explaining the processes of related studies.

D.By introducing the popularity of the rainbow diet.

11.What might be the best title for the text?

A.What colorful food is the healthiest?

B.How should we eat colorful food in life?

C.Where can we get healthy colorful food?

D.Why is eating colorful food good for you?

D

As the air cools and sunlight decreases each fall, thousands of western monarch butter-flies（帝王蝶）return to California to spend winter. One of the best places to watch the colorful  scene is Pismo Beach.

From now through February, over 10,000 will fly to trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly  Grove, one of five locations in the state to host so many of the colorful creatures. Just like tourists, the western monarchs prefer the sunny and warm conditions of the beachside state park.

The migration peaks in November, when the last of the western monarchs settle into the trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove. Some have flown over 1,000 miles from as far away as Canada to escape winter's low temperatures. The butterflies gather on tree branches, where they mostly remain sitting, until sunlight bathes the trees and the western monarchs begin to beat their wings. Activity reaches its peak in February.

While this annual sight is wonderful, it pales in comparison to what used to be. Millions of western monarch butterflies used to spend winter in California and Mexico only a few decades  ago. Climate change, loss of natural habitat and harmful chemicals are just a few of the environmental threats that have caused a more than 99% decrease in populations since the 1980s, according to a research.

“In monarchs' overwintering trees, there were once so many butterflies that the sound of their wings was described as a summer rain,” states the Center for Biological Diversity.  “Early newspaper descriptions described branches breaking under the weight of so many butterflies.”

Conservation efforts are underway in several states,  including California, to help restore populations of monarch and western monarch butterflies. However, it is unknown how successful  these attempts will be. Scientists are concerned about the possibility of a complete col-lapse of the species since numbers have dropped so dramatically in the last few years.

12.What attracts monarchs to Pismo Beach?

A.Its natural beauty.     B.Its stable weather.

C.Its variety of trees.     D.Its favorable climate.

13. What directly makes this year's sight less wonderful than before?

A.The worsened environment.

B.The extreme climatic conditions.

C.The decreased number of monarchs.

D.The threats from butterflies' enemies.

14. Why are the statements of the Center for Biological Diversity mentioned?

A.To draw a conclusion.

B.To make a comparison.

C.To make a prediction.

D.To draw readers' attention.

15.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A.It's unclear how effective the efforts will be.

B.Scientists don't know what measures to take.

C.The number of the butterflies is sure to go up.

D.Measures have been taken to protect the insect.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

When you buy party favors, they can end up being quite expensive. 16 If you are considering making homemade party favors,  there are several types you can think about creating.

17 Why not make it a bit different? You could not only put in one piece of candy but can also include crayons and a small coloring book as well. They have the opportunity to bring something home with them and enjoy a piece of candy as well.

Many teen boys are fond of movies and food, so think about combining them both into homemade party favors. Think about including a gift certificate for one movie rental from your local video store along with some homemade cookies.18

When putting together homemade party favors for adults, consider creating hand-painted wine glasses or martini glasses. They can be appropriate to give to male or female guests at the party. 19 You can pick up paint at your local craft store that is made specifically for glass. You could paint on any design that you like.

Creating homemade party favors is really a good idea. 20 They could take you very little time to put together. Sometimes the party favors that you make yourself may be even better than ones you could have purchased. Not only can you customize them to be appropriate for the guests, but your guests will know you put a lot of thought and energy into thanking them for coming to the party.

A.Besides, they take little effort to create.

B.They don't have to be very expensive.

C.Doing so gives you time to shop around for the best deals.

D.Choose a theme party where the guests will make their own favors.

E.Most people use candies to create homemade party favors for children.

F.You may want to consider making ones at home to cut down on the cost.

G.They are simple to put together and may just appeal to many of the guests at the party.

第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Four months earlier, I woke one morning with blinding back pain. A quick Google search 21 a kidney infection. I went for a checkup and was told I had to have a donor who was a 22 match.

My life depended on 23 my brother, Johnny.  A(n) 24 mother and an alcoholic father created an extremely unpleasant 25 for both of us. After high school,  Johnny moved out. We communicated infrequently. I encouraged him to give up the job carrying the 26 of prison. But he believed I judged him 27. That was our last 28 ,30 years ago.

I knew I needed to stay 29,but a part of me felt a glimmer of hope. My friend Anne knew all of this 30  family history and was at my door the next morning to 31 over some print-outs. I would be the one to make the 32.

I dialed the first number... and the second... I did the same for almost every number -same 33. I went to bed thinking we'd 34              a dead end. The next day, I got up my 35              and looked over the list again. The lone number on the last page 36_out at me from the whiteness. I dialed,  just to be done with it. The phone rang and rang. No 37

Just one more time, 38 told me.  I redialed.

“Hello!”  It was my Johnny. My palms were damp when I explained why I'd called. Johnny didn't_39 before agreeing to help. The hospital sent him a testing kit.  My broth-er was a(n)  40   !

21.A.caused   B.started     C.indicated   D.received

22.A.strange   B.genetic     C.similar    D.normal

23.A.caring about  B.ringing up    C.looking into   D.tracking down

24.A.abusive   B.honest     C.intelligent   D.active

25.A.identification  B.competition    C.childhood   D.faith

26.A.risk    B.promise    C.weight    D.luck

27.A.attentively  B.frequently    C.unfairly   D.unwillingly

28.A.cooperation  B.agreement    C.conversation  D.discussion

29.A.ambitious  B.realistic    C.energetic   D.imaginative

30.A.simple   B.long     C.great    D.painful

31.A.think   B.get     C.go     D.hand

32.A.visits   B.calls     C.contributions  D.suggestions

33. A. number                 B. friend     C. family    D. result

34. A. hit    B. discovered    C. promised   D. expected

35. A. conclusion  B. courage    C. phone    D. interest

36. A. pointed   B. stared     C. checked   D. worked

37. A. answer   B. action     C. approach   D. change

38. A. anything  B. everything    C. something   D. nothing

39. A. move   B. hesitate    C. respond   D. acknowledge

40. A. failure   B. reward     C. advertisement   D. match

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Located at the 41 (enter) of the Qutang Gorge on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, and only a 20-minute ride from Fengjie,  Baidi Town was the birthplace of the ancient Ba and Shu 42(state) over 2,000 years ago. According to a local folk tale,  when construction of the town began, a stream of white steam 43 (rise) up from a well,  like a white dragon 44 (fly) up to the sky. The town was therefore named Baidi, meaning Heavenly White Dragon.

During the Three Kingdoms Period(220-280),Emperor Liu Bei of the Shu Kingdom was disastrously defeated by the Wu Kingdom and retreated to Baidi. After 45 series of bloody defense battles,  they stationed there. He fell 46 (serious) ill and just before his death he confided his state affairs to his son Liu Shan,  the future emperor of the Shu, and to his prime minister, Huge Liang. This incident later became 47(know) as “Entrusting the orphan to Zhuge Liang at Baidi”.

Baidi Town is now a group of temple-like courtyard buildings, surrounded by beautiful scenery,48  makes it hard for people to connect the place with bloody wars. To modern military theory the terrain is no longer as important 49  before. But in the age of cold steel, the Three Gorges served as a_50 (defend) barrier which enemies had to take.

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Have you ever thought about working and traveling at the same time? Programs like Work and Travel USA and the Working Holiday allows young people to earn extra money while is traveling abroad. People older than 18 and younger than 28 can apply with Work and Travel USA. Then,  those choosing are required to have an interview with the program manager in English. Interesting, fluent English is not the single factor what keeps them in the program. What also mattered is their passion and willingness to share. Do some studies of these interesting programs since you set off for any of your journey. You will be surprised that the world can explored in such a special way.

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，目前在英国某英语培训学校学习，你和室友租的住房两周没有供暖，房东请的维修工也没有解决问题。请你给房东发一封邮件，内容包括：

1．说明写信原因；2．描述问题及你的感受；3．提出解决方案。

注意：

1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mr Jones,

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua