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2020届河南省焦作市高三三模英语试卷及答案（无听力）
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这是一份2020届河南省焦作市高三三模英语试卷及答案（无听力），共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
河南省焦作市2020届高三三模
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上个。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读-一。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. How is the weather in the mountains?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Cooking. B. Traditions. C. Experiments.
3. Why does the man read in weak light?
A. He is afraid of light.
B. He doesn’t care about his eyes.
C. He doesn’t want to bother his brother.
4. How much money did the man lend the woman in all?
A. $70. B. $80. C. $100.
5. What is the man’s opinion about sleep?
A. Four hours is plenty for him.
B. Eight hours is too much for the woman.
C. Six hours is the least for most people.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedroom. C. In the study.
7 When does the man plan to go to sleep?
A. At 11:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 a.m. C. At 4:00 a.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How long did Marco Polo travel?
A. For 13 years. B. For 17 years. C. For 24 years.
9. What does the man suggest the woman do in the end?
A. Read a storybook about Xuanzang.
B. Write an essay about Marco Polo.
C. Imagine the life in ancient times.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What language is Richard fluent in?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. Italian.
11. What is Molly going to do?
A. Spend a year in France.
B. Spend six months in France.
C. Spend a year in Spain.
12. What is Richard’s advice for learning a new language?
A. Going traveling often.
B. Using the dictionary often.
C. Surrounding oneself in the environment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What will Henry do at the beach?
A. Go swimming. B. Go walking. C. Go biking.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Manager and customer.
15. Why won’t Kelly go to the beach tomorrow?
A. It will rain. B. She has to work. C. She is sensitive to the sun.
16. Who will drive the car today?
A. Ryan. B. Henry. C. Kelly.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What would MAD Architects prefer buildings to be like?
A. More environmentally friendly.
B. More attractive.
C. More traditional.
18. What does MAD Architects want to provide?
A. The situation of separation from nature.
B. The experience of living in ancient times.
C. The feeling of being in the natural world.
19. Where will the Urban Forest be built?
A. In Beijing. B. In Chongqing. C. In Rome.
20. Who should apply for a job according to the talk?
A. Architects. B. Engineers. C. Office workers.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Seattle is home to one of the busiest ports, so many visitors have a short window to crowd in as much sightseeing as possible before getting on a ship. Here are four attractions you can see in a rush.
Space Needle
Regular tickets for the Space Needle are $10 cheaper from 8:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m. Order tickets in advance so you can go straight in line for the elevators. At the top, you can read fun facts about the Needle and interact with a huge, touchscreen “SkyPad”—- not to mention admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city.
Chihuly Garden and Glass
Located right next to the Space Needle, this exhibit features the work of Dale Chihuly. Walk through the Glasshouse to see one of his largest pieces: a 100-foot-long glass sculpture in colors of red, orange and yellow. Order your Space Needle and Chihuly tickets together for even more savings.
Pike Place Market
Just steps from the Space Needle, you can get on the bus to the famous Pike Place Market. Give yourself plenty of time to eat your way through this huge marketplace. Most places offer samples so you can try a wide variety of snacks before you buy.
Post Alley
Located under Pike Place Market, this street is home to Seattle’s stickiest attraction: the Gum Wall. This tradition started in the 1990s, when people waiting in line for Post Alley’s Market Theater would stick their chewed gum on the wall. Since then, thousands of others have added to the collection. The wall was swept clean in 2015, but you’d never know it now. It makes for a good photo opportunity—just don’t get too close.
1. What can you do at the Space Needle?
A. Taste some delicious snacks. B. Overlook the whole city of Seattle.
C. See a wonderful glass sculpture. D. Take the fastest elevators in the world.
2. What was Dale Chihuly?
A. An artist. B. An actor.
C. An architect. D. A professor.
3. What is the Gum Wall probably like now?
A. It is a place to stick photos. B. It is as clean as other walls.
C. It is covered by chewed gum. D. It is a part of Pike Place Market.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了西雅图的四个景点：Space Needle；Chihuly Garden and Glass；Pike Place Market；Post Alley。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Space Needle部分内容“At the top, you can read fun facts about the Needle and interact with a huge, touchscreen “SkyPad”—- not to mention admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city.( 在顶端，你可以阅读关于针塔的有趣事实，并与一个巨大的触摸屏“SkyPad”互动——更不用说欣赏不可思议的360度城市景观了。) ”可知在这里可以欣赏到城市全景。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Chihuly Garden and Glass部分内容“Located right next to the Space Needle, this exhibit features the work of Dale Chihuly. Walk through the Glasshouse to see one of his largest pieces: a 100-foot-long glass sculpture in colors of red, orange and yellow.”可知，后句中提及的“his”应是指代前句中提及的Dale Chihuly，且后句中提到了“a 100-foot-long glass sculpture in colors of red, orange and yellow(一个100英尺长的玻璃雕塑，颜色有红色、橙色和黄色。)”应是他的作品，故可以推知Dale Chihuly应是一位艺术家。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Post Alley部分内容“Located under Pike Place Market, this street is home to Seattle’s stickiest attraction: the Gum Wall. This tradition started in the 1990s, when people waiting in line for Post Alley’s Market Theater would stick their chewed gum on the wall. Since then, thousands of others have added to the collection.( 位于派克市场下面的这条街是西雅图最粘的地方:口香糖墙。这一传统始于20世纪90年代，当时人们在Post Alley的市场剧院排队时，会把嚼过的口香糖贴在墙上。从那时起，成千上万的人加入了收藏。)”可知，墙上有嚼过的口香糖。故选C项。
【点睛】事实细节题→寻读法
分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。使用寻读法可根据题干关键词回到原文定位，将原文与选项对比可以快速确定答案。比如文章的第1小题：
1. What can you do at the Space Needle?
A. Taste some delicious snacks. B. Overlook the whole city of Seattle.
C. See a wonderful glass sculpture. D. Take the fastest elevators in the world.
根据题干关键词“the Space Needle”可迅速定位到文章第一部分内容：“At the top, you can read fun facts about the Needle and interact with a huge, touchscreen “SkyPad”—- not to mention admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city.”，将选项与原文对比可知，B项“Overlook the whole city of Seattle.( 俯瞰整个西雅图城。)”与原文“admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city(欣赏这座城市令人难以置信的360度全景)”表达含义一致。故选B项。
B
During Rick’s birth in 1962, his brain was damaged for oxygen lack. The doctors told Dick Hoyt that there was no hope of his son being anything more than a “vegetable”. Yet Dick and his wife were determined to raise him at home.
At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled. Dick was not a runner, but he agreed to push Rick through the race course in his wheelchair. That was when a surprising thing happened. During the run, Rick felt as though he wasn’t disabled anymore—he was simply one of the runners. This experience deeply affected Dick, and he committed to running an increasing number of events with his son so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible.
At first, other competitors often treated them as outsiders and even avoided them. But gradually, what began as a way for Rick Hoyt to experience inclusion and equality broadened in its purpose. Running together became a way to send a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life. The pair’s first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change. Many athletes would come up to them before the race to wish them luck.
The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race. Dick has run thousands of miles to be with and support his son. Their athletic pursuits have enriched Rick’s life and had a practical benefit for Dick’s life as well: After a heart attack, Dick’s doctors told him he might have died 15 years earlier if he weren’t in such good shape.
4. What inspired Dick to keep running?
A. Rick felt he was a healthy person in running.
B. Rick could raise money by taking part in running.
C. Rick’s wish was to be an excellent runner one day.
D. Rick could rebuild his brain by running.
5. What message did the Hoyts send by running?
A. Everyone is a part of the world. B. Whatever man has done, I may do.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. Good things come to those who wait.
6. What changed others’ attitudes to the Hoyts?
A. Their talent for running. B. Their purpose of running.
C. Their donations to runners. D. Their achievement in running.
7. How long did the Hoyts insist on races?
A. 31 years. B. 38 years.
C. 40 years. D. 53 years.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出生时由于缺氧而天生“植物人”的Rick13岁时喜爱上了跑步，并坚持参加马拉松比赛，同时，跑步也给他的生命带来了奇迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“During the run, Rick felt as though he wasn’t disabled anymore—he was simply one of the runners. This experience deeply affected Dick, and he committed to running an increasing number of events with his son so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible.( 在跑步的过程中，瑞克觉得自己不再是残疾人了——他只是跑步者中的一员。这段经历深深地影响了迪克，他决定和儿子一起举办越来越多的活动，这样瑞克就能尽可能多地有这种感觉。)”可知，自己在跑步过程中像一个正常人这样的感觉促使他坚持跑步。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Running together became a way to send a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life.( 一起跑步变成了一种传递信息的方式，正如里克所说，每个人都应该融入到日常生活中。)”可知，通过跑步，他想要传达每个人都应该融入到日常生活中，都是世界的一部分。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The pair’s first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change.”可知，人们态度的转变始于他们在1981年波士顿马拉松比赛取得的成绩。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“During Rick’s birth in 1962, his brain was damaged for oxygen lack.”可知，他出生于1962年，第二段内容“At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled.”提及了第一次跑步时13岁，即1962+13=1975年，末尾段落“The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race.”提及2013年为最后一次跑步，因此可计算2013-1975=38。故选B项。
C
What’s the deal with new words? Where do they come from and how do they go from unknown to official? First, new words have to circulate in culture to make it into the dictionary. They have to be used and understood. Words have a much better chance of getting added to the dictionary if you see them in print or hear them in conversation. It’s actually a full-time job to search popular communication to figure out what new words are surfacing in our vernacular（方言）. Lexicographers get to decide which words make it into the dictionary, and they do so by reading widely across industries and disciplines. However, they also make decisions about which idioms make it in.
Dictionaries can sometimes get over 1,000 new words per year. In 2019 the Merriam-Webster added over 600 in April and another 500+ in September. After lexicographers decide which words will be included, they write a new definition. Some existing words also gain additional meanings, and there are usually thousands of revisions. The dictionary is a constantly changing work-in-progress, just like the language it describes and defines. For instance, the word “peak” recently went from being just a sharp, pointed end to also being something at the height of popularity. Occasionally fake words actually end up in the dictionary by mistake.
If you have a word that you think should be in the dictionary, you’re welcome to get in touch with the lexicographers and suggest it. However, the word needs to be fairly popular. It has to have “widespread, frequent, meaningful usage”. For instance, OMG was added to the dictionary in 2009 after lexicographers had observed it in general use for about 15 years.
New words spring from new technologies and disciplines, but they’re very often invented by authors and writers who love language and play with it to create new meanings. One of the greatest creators was William Shakespeare who created over 1,700 new words often by adapting usage and using new compounds. He’s responsible for words like eyeball, excitement, fashionable, and lonely. “Hard-boiled” was invented by Mark Twain.
8. What kind of new words can be included in dictionaries?
A. Words which have been widely used for long.
B. Words which were created by famous writers.
C. Words which have been spoken by some locals.
D. Words which frequently appear in a private conversation.
9. What does the underlined word “Lexicographers” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. New word creators. B. Writers of a dictionary.
C. Specialists in languages. D. Historians on ancient cultures.
10. What does the author think of a dictionary?
A Quite ambiguous. B. Error-free.
C. Extremely rigid. D. Gradually developing.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. How the Dictionary Is Revised
B. How New Words Spread in Culture
C. How Words Get Added to the Dictionary
D. How New Words Are Invented by Famous Authors
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新词是如何被收录入词典成为官方语言的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“First, new words have to circulate in culture to make it into the dictionary. They have to be used and understood. Words have a much better chance of getting added to the dictionary if you see them in print or hear them in conversation.( 首先，新词必须在文化中流传，才能被收入词典。它们必须被使用和理解。如果你在出版物中看到或在对话中听到这些词，它们被收入词典机会要大得多。)”可知，新词必须得到了广泛使用才被收录到字典里。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词之后的动作内容“decide which words make it into the dictionary, and they do so by reading widely across industries and disciplines.”可知，Lexicographers决定了那些词被收录入词典，因此他们应是词典编撰者。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“The dictionary is a constantly changing work-in-progress, just like the language it describes and defines.( 字典就像它所描述和定义的语言一样，是一个不断变化的半成品)”可知，在作者看来，词典时在不断变化的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，首段提出了本文的中心话题。作者用设问的方式提出了话题“What’s the deal with new words? Where do they come from and how do they go from unknown to official? First, new words have to circulate in culture to make it into the dictionary.( 新词是怎么回事?他们从何而来，又如何从默默无闻走向官方?首先，新词必须在文化中流传，才能被收入词典。)”可知，本文主要讲述新词是如何被收录入词典成为官方语言的。选项C. How Words Get Added to the Dictionary概括了文章主题，可作最佳标题。故选C项。
D
The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)—a study of the test scores of 15-year-olds across 79 countries—showed that students in England performed significantly better in maths than 2015. PISA is conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) every three years, and assesses the performance of 15-year-olds mainly in reading, maths and science.
In England, the Government has prioritized（优先）climbing up the league tables in recent years. The latest tests were carried out last year, and showed that England was ranked 17 in the table for maths, up from 26 in 2015. Pupils in England also outperformed the OECD average in reading and science. On student well-being, 53 percent of 15-year-olds across the UK reported that they are satisfied with their lives—well below the 67 percent average across the OECD.
Taking the UK as a whole, while there was only a statistically significant improvement in maths, the country still improved its position relative to other countries across all three of the subjects tested by PISA. In reading, the UK was 14th, up from 22nd three years ago. In science the UK was 14th, up from 15th, and in maths the UK rose to 18th from 27th.
Across the rest of the league tables, East Asian countries like China and Singapore continued to be far superior. Today’s results also showed that Estonia outperformed all the major European economies.
However, Geoff Barton, the general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, cautioned against concluding too much from the findings. There are many educational and non-educational factors which affect performance and it is not easy to find how these have impacted on young people’s attainment in a set of tests. What is worrying, however, is that this analysis shows that fewer students in the UK are satisfied with their lives than the OECD average. It is clear that many young people feel under great pressure in a society in which the risks often seem very high to them in terms of achieving their goals.
12. Which aspect of England is under the average of the OECD?
A Reading. B. Science.
C. Well-being. D. Maths.
13. Which statement agrees with the UK’ performance in PISA?
A. The UK did worse than before.
B. The UK progressed a little in PISA.
C. The UK hasn’t made any improvement.
D. The UK pulled well ahead of the rest countries.
14. Which of the following countries always holds a leading position in PISA?
A. China. B. Estonia. C. The UK. D. England.
15. What do the Geoff Barton’s words mean in the last paragraph?
A. The PISA results are unbelievable for educators.
B. Students in the UK are in need of more practice.
C. Education quality can’t be fully reflected only by PISA.
D. Young people take more risks of achieving their goals.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了英国学生在国际学生评估项目中的表现，虽然教育质量不能仅仅通过PISA来全面反映，但是还是反映出了一些问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段末尾句内容“On student well-being, 53 percent of 15-year-olds across the UK reported that they are satisfied with their lives—well below the 67 percent average across the OECD.( 在学生幸福感方面，英国15岁的学生中有53%对自己的生活感到满意，远低于经合组织国家67%的平均水平。)”可知，在幸福感方面，英国低于经合组织的平均水平。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Taking the UK as a whole, while there was only a statistically significant improvement in maths, the country still improved its position relative to other countries across all three of the subjects tested by PISA.( 就英国整体而言，尽管在数学方面只有统计上的显著进步，但在PISA测试的所有三门课程中，英国相对于其它国家的排名仍有所提高。)”可知，英国在PISA项目上取得了一些进步。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Across the rest of the league tables, East Asian countries like China and Singapore continued to be far superior.( 在其它排行榜上，中国和新加坡等东亚国家继续遥遥领先。)”可知，中国在在PISA项目中一直处于领先地位。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“There are many educational and non-educational factors which affect performance and it is not easy to find how these have impacted on young people’s attainment in a set of tests.( 有许多教育和非教育的因素影响表现，这是不容易在一套测试找到这些如何影响年轻人的成绩的)”可知，由于有各种因素影响，一套测试并不能完全体现学生的真实情况。选项C. Education quality can’t be fully reflected only by PISA.( 教育质量不能仅仅通过PISA来全面反映。)属于合理推理。故选C项。
第二节（5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Just like essays, all speeches have three main sections: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. ____16____ You need to write a speech in a way that keeps the attention of an audience and helps paint a mental image at the same time. Whatever type of speech you decide to write, find ways to make your words memorable.
The structure of how to write your speech is just the start. ____17____ Start by paying attention to your audience and their interests. Write the words you’ll speak with passion and enthusiasm, which you also want your listeners to share. When writing your attention-grabbing statements, make sure you are writing what will get their attention, not just yours.
____18____ Read famous speeches and look at the way they are constructed. Find things that stand out and figure out what makes it interesting. Oftentimes, speechwriters use rhetorical devices（修辞法）to make certain points easy to remember.
Remember to begin and end your speech with something that will gain and hold the attention of your audience. If you spend too much time getting into your speech, people will zone out or start checking their phones. ___19___
___20___ When you give the speech, think about the tone you should use, and be sure to write the speech in the same flow that you’d use in conversations. A great way to check this flow is to practice reading it out loud. If you stumble（磕磕巴巴）while reading or it feels dull, look for ways to jazz up（使活泼）the words and improve the flow.
A. You’ll also need to write the speech skillfully.
B. How you deliver the speech is also important.
C. You can gain inspiration from others’ speeches.
D. Instead, if interested, they may stick with you until the end.
E. So the essay form can offer a good foundation for the process.
F. However, unlike essays, speeches are not to be read but to be heard.
G. In other words, your speech should contain some color, drama, or humor.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何写好演讲稿和做好演讲的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Just like essays, all speeches have three main sections: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion.( 就像散文一样，所有的演讲都有三个主要部分:引言、正文和结语。)”可知，作者将演讲与论文进行了类比，前文讲到了其在结构上的相同点，因此设空句应是提及不同点。选项F. However, unlike essays, speeches are not to be read but to be heard.( 然而，与散文不同的是，演讲不是用来读的，而是用来听的。)提及了不同点，且However表转折含义，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“tart by paying attention to your audience and their interests. Write the words you’ll speak with passion and enthusiasm, which you also want your listeners to share. When writing your attention-grabbing statements, make sure you are writing what will get their attention, not just yours.(注意你的听众和他们的兴趣。写下你将充满激情和热情地说的话，你也希望你的听众能够分享。当你写那些吸引注意力的语句时，确保你写的是能引起他们注意的内容，而不仅仅是你自己的。)”可知，本段主要讲述了写作技巧。A项You’ll also need to write the speech skillfully.( 你还需要把演讲稿写得很有技巧。)贴合主题，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
设空句应是本段中心主旨句。根据后文“Read famous speeches and look at the way they are constructed.( 阅读著名的演讲，看看它们是如何构造的。)”可知本段主要话题应是“可以参考其他人的演讲学习”。选项C. You can gain inspiration from others’ speeches.( 你可以从别人的演讲中获得灵感。)贴合本段主题，可作中心主旨句。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“If you spend too much time getting into your speech, people will zone out or start checking their phones.( 如果你在演讲上花了太多时间，人们就会走神或者开始查看手机。)”可知，前文在讲述观众在演讲不感兴趣时的表现，因此可以推知设空句应是讲到感兴趣时观众又是如何表现的。选项D. Instead, if interested, they may stick with you until the end.( 相反，如果你感兴趣，他们可能会一直陪着你直到最后。)讲述了感兴趣时的表现，且与前文形成对比，符合语境。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“When you give the speech, think about the tone you should use, and be sure to write the speech in the same flow that you’d use in conversations.( 当你在做演讲的时候，考虑一下你应该使用的语气，并且一定要用你在对话中使用的语气来写演讲。)”可知，本段在讲述如何开始演讲。选项B. How you deliver the speech is also important.( 你如何发表演讲也很重要。)符合本段主旨要义。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken. I received several ____21____ over two years. It was no ____22____ for a busy mother! More unfortunately, I was left with certain physical ____23____. My doctor told me to live life to the ____24____, but not to do things that would be too much for my arm. As I recovered from the last surgery, I fell in ____25____ over all the things I would never get to do that I had wanted to try, like boating. However, I ____26____ so much on what I couldn’t do that I didn’t ____27____ what I could do was right in front of me all along.
My fourteen-year-old son, Matthew, was fond of archery（射箭）. I loved watching him shoot arrows and I had learned quite a bit about the ____28____. I had never ____29____ his bow. I was sure my arm would never allow for such ____30____ equipment, anyway. Then during one of my son’s ____31____, the coaches had a “fun day” and ____32____ encouraged the typically sedentary（久坐的）parents to ____33____ a bow. Before I ____34____ what I was doing, I shot my first arrow. And it hit the ____35____—6 points!
From then on, I often practiced. The more I did it, the more I knew I could do it. I realize that not only will my body not ____36____ this new adventure, but neither will my family—my husband has taken up archery and my other son has tried it as well! I think the sport has made my family ____37____ in some way. I never ____38____ something like archery would be possible for me. I guess being faced with the concept of “limitations” pushed me forward. No more ____39____ and no more fears, I just had to take ____40____ and shoot—and find my way.
21. A. operations B. occupations C. qualifications D. certifications
22. A. fun B. use C. wonder D. doubt
23. A. examinations B. tendencies C. limitations D. activities
24. A. fairest B. fullest C. cheapest D. easiest
25. A. love B. sympathy C. embarrassment D. desperation
26. A. depended B. figured C. insisted D. focused
27. A. appreciate B. confirm C. see D. describe
28. A. club B. sport C. job D. injury
29. A. tried B. repaired C. brought D. watched
30. A. interesting B. frightening C. challenging D. deserving
31. A. competitions B. vacations C. practices D. performances
32. A. energetically B. enthusiastically C. honestly D. violently
33. A. take away B. pick up C. break down D. sort out
34. A. admitted B. refused C. replied D. realized
35. A. target B. enemy C. air D. dirt
36. A. suffer from B. benefit from C. adapt to D. take to
37. A. busier B. clearer C. closer D. richer
38. A. suspected B. insisted C. concluded D. imagined
39. A. motivations B. responsibilities C. permissions D. excuses
40. A. action B. aim C. care D. defeat
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者由于胳膊受伤无法做到自己想做的事情而一度绝望，在参加儿子的训练时，出于教练的鼓励拿起弓箭射箭而喜爱上这个运动，从而意识到不必惧怕所谓的“缺陷”，克服恐惧，采取行动就可以了。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在两年内接受了几次手术。A. operations手术；B. occupations职业；C. qualifications资格; 学历；D. certifications认证；资质证书。根据前文“One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken.”可知，作者的胳膊受伤了，需要做手术。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对于一个忙碌的母亲来说是没有用的。A. fun乐趣；B. use用处；C. wonder惊奇；D. doubt怀疑。根据空后“a busy mother”可知，作者是一个很忙的人，对于一个忙碌的母亲来说，这一点也不好玩。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更不幸的是，我留下了生理缺陷。A. examinations考试；检查；B. tendencies倾向；C. limitations限制；D. activities活动。根据前文“It was no ____2_ ___ for a busy mother!”可知，手术对于作者没有用，留下了生理缺陷，physical limitations，意为“生理缺陷”符合句意表达。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的医生告诉我要活得充实，但不要做那些对我的胳膊来说太重的事情。A. fairest最美的；B. fullest最满的，最完全的；C. cheapest最便宜的；D. easiest最容易的；最简单的。根据前文“More unfortunately, I was left with certain physical ____3 __.”可知，作者的胳膊未能完全康复，留下了缺陷，医生对此给与鼓励，希望作者能够生活得充实。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到绝望，因为我永远无法尝试那些一直想做事情了，比如划船。A. love热爱；B. sympathy同情；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. desperation绝望的境地；不顾一切拼命。根据前文可知，作者胳膊受伤，且后文“I would never get to do that I had wanted to try”提及不能做自己想做的事情了，因此感到绝望。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我太专注于我不能做的事情，以至于我始终没有意识到我能做的事情就在我面前。A. depended依赖；依靠；B. figured想；意料之中；出现；C. insisted坚持；D. focused关注；聚焦。根据前文“I would never get to do that I had wanted to try, like boating.”可知，作者由于胳膊受伤而无法做自己想做的事而陷入绝望，因此作者只在意自己的“不能”，focus on，“关注；集中于”，符合句意表达。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我太专注于我不能做的事情，以至于我始终没有意识到我能做的事情就在我面前。A. appreciate欣赏；感激；B. confirm 确认；C. see看见；D. describe描述。结合前文“However, I ____6____ so much on what I couldn’t do”可知，作者过度关注自己无法做的事情而看不到自己能做到事情。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢看他射箭，也学到了不少射箭这项运动的知识。A. club俱乐部；B. sport运动；C. job工作；D. injury伤害；损害。根据空前的定冠词the可知，所填空应是指之前的“archery”这项运动。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没有试过他的弓箭。A. tried尝试；努力；B. repaired修理；C. brought带来；D. watched观看。根据前文“I loved watching him shoot arrows and I had learned quite a bit about the ____8___.”可知，作者喜欢观看自己的儿子射箭且已经学到了一点，但从没有尝试过。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我确信我的手臂永远不会允许这样具有挑战性的装备。A. interesting有趣的；B. frightening令人恐惧的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. deserving值得帮助的。根据前文“One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken.”可知，作者的胳膊受伤且没有完全康复，因此拉弓对于作者来说是有挑战性的。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，在我儿子的一次训练中，教练们度过了“有趣的一天”，热情地鼓励那些惯于久坐不动的父母们去拿起弓箭射箭。A. competitions竞争；竞赛；B. vacations假期；C. practices做法；练习；D. performances表演。根据前文“My fourteen-year-old son, Matthew, was fond of archery(我十四岁的儿子马修喜欢射箭)”可知，事情发生在作者的儿子练习（训练）射箭的时候。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，在我儿子的一次训练中，教练们度过了“有趣的一天”，热情地鼓励那些惯于久坐不动的父母们去拿起弓箭射箭。A. energetically积极地；精力充沛地；B. enthusiastically热心地；满腔热情地；C. honestly真诚地；公正地；D. violently激烈地；厉害地。根据前文the coaches had a “fun day”(教练们度过了“有趣的一天”)可知，教练们应是对让父母参与射箭这个运动充满热情。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：后来，在我儿子的一次训练中，教练们度过了“有趣的一天”，热情地鼓励那些惯于久坐不动的父母们去拿起弓箭射箭。 A. take away带走，拿走；B. pick up捡起；学会；C. break down (机器、车辆等) 出故障；D. sort out整理；解决。根据后文“Before I ____14 ___ what I was doing, I shot my first arrow.”可知，教练让父母参与这个运动，因此本句在阐述教练充满热情地鼓励父母能够拿起弓箭射箭。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到我在做什么之前，我射出了我的第一支箭。 A. admitted承认；B. refused拒绝；C. replied回复；D. realized意识到。结合后文“I shot my first arrow. And it hit the ____15___—6 points!( 我射出了我的第一支箭。它打了6分!)”可知，作者对自己的表现感到很吃惊，D项，realized，可表达“吃惊”之意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且它击中了箭靶——6分! A. target靶；目标；B. enemy敌人；C. air空气；D. dirt灰尘; 污垢。结合语境“I shot my first arrow.”可知，作者在射箭，因此射中了箭靶。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我意识到不仅我的身体会从这次新的冒险中受益，我的家人也会——我的丈夫已经开始学习射箭，我的另一个儿子也开始尝试射箭了! A. suffer from遭受；患有；B. benefit from得益于；得利于；C. adapt to使自己适应于……；D. take to喜欢；走向；开始从事。根据前文“From then on, I often practiced. The more I did it, the more I knew I could do it.( 从那以后，我经常练习。我做得越多，就越知道自己能行。)”可知，作者从射箭运动中有所受益。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为这项运动在某种程度上拉近了我和家人的距离。 A. busier比较忙碌的；B. clearer更清楚的；C. closer更加密切；D. richer更富有。根据前文“my husband has taken up archery and my other son has tried it as well!( 我的丈夫开始学射箭，我的另一个儿子也尝试射箭!)”可知，作者的家人都开始了射箭运动，家人之间更加亲密。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过像射箭这样的事情会发生在我身上。A. suspected怀疑；B. insisted坚持；C. concluded结束；推断；作结论；D. imagined想象；猜测。结合句意“I never ____18_ ___ something like archery would be possible for me.”可知，作者从没有想过对于自己受伤的胳膊来说能够射箭。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有更多的借口，没有更多的恐惧，我只需要采取行动，射箭——找到我的方式。 A. motivations动机；B. responsibilities责任；职责；C. permissions许可，权限；D. excuses借口，理由。根据后文“no more fears”可知，作者不再恐惧，克服了生理缺陷，不再有有借口害怕。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有更多的借口，没有更多的恐惧，我只需要采取行动，射箭——找到我的方式。A. action行动；B. aim目标；C. care关心；D. defeat失败。take action，“采取行动”，固定搭配结构，故选A项。
【点睛】完型填空技巧之感情基调来帮忙
感情基调是指作者在讲述事件时使用的褒贬含义词汇，这不仅体现在作者使用的形容词或副词，还体现在作者使用的动词，名词等词性上。结合作者要表达的感情基调是积极向上还是消极向下，可以很快确定答案。比如文章的第5小题：
As I recovered from the last surgery, I fell in ____5____ over all the things I would never get to do that I had wanted to try, like boating.
5. A. love B. sympathy C. embarrassment D. desperation
通过阅读文章前一部分“One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken. I received several ____1____ over two years. It was no ____2____ for a busy mother! More unfortunately, I was left with certain physical ____3____. My doctor told me to live life to the ____4____, but not to do things that would be too much for my arm.”可知，作者胳膊受伤，做了手术还是留下了后遗症，可知作者的感情基调是消极向下的，对生活失去了信心，因此在选择第5题的名词时，应选择同一基调的名词“desperation”，意为“绝望”。故答案为D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
It takes a lot of land and water ___41___ (grow) animals. People might one day grow meat in factories instead of having to harvest it from farmed animals. Growing meat in a lab could mean ____42____ (use) fewer animals and lowering the ___43___ (environment) costs of raising livestock（牲畜）. So far, no attempts at lab-grown meat ____44____ (manage) to match the texture（结构，口感）of the animal muscles eaten as meat. One new development does this by using a technique of making cotton candy. It grows meat with more structures.
Researchers have already known how to grow cells, ____45____ are the basis of meat. However, a pile of cells does not have the chewy texture of a chicken breast. Cells without a support ____46____ (be) more like a soup, or at best a meatball . The new process resembles ____47____ way that cotton candy is made, except that it uses gelatin（明胶）instead of melted sugar. The lab-grown samples all look like the different natural ____48____ (meat). And they have similar material nature, too. The nature affects how chewy, springy or soft the meat is. ____49____ controlling how the gelatin fibers are twisted, the scientists can set the fibers’ arrangement and spacing, which determines _____50_____ the man-made meat ends up more like a burger or a steak.
【答案】41. to grow
42. using 43. environmental
44. have managed
45. which 46. are
47. the 48. meats
49. By 50. whether
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科技技术：一种利用制作棉花糖的技术来制造肉。
【41题详解】
考查固定句式。句意：饲养动物需要大量的土地和水。it takes sth to do，固定句式，意为“需要……做某事”。故填to grow。
【42题详解】
考查动名词和固定结构。句意：在实验室里种植肉类可能意味着使用更少的动物和降低饲养牲畜的环境成本。mean doing sth，固定结构，意为“意味着做某事”。故填using。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在实验室里种植肉类可能意味着使用更少的动物和降低饲养牲畜的环境成本。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语修饰之后的名词costs(费用；成本)。故填environmental。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，还没有人尝试过在实验室里培育出与食用动物肌肉结构相匹配的肉。根据时间状语so far可知应是现在完成时。故填have managed。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：研究人员已经知道如何培养作为肉类基础的细胞。分析可知，“___5____ are the basis of meat”应是之前名词cells的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查时态。句意：没有支撑物的细胞更像汤，或者至多像个肉丸子。分析可知，所填空在句中作谓语，结合语境可知时态为一般现在时，主语为“Cells”，名词复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：新工艺类似于棉花糖的制作方法，只不过它使用的是明胶，而不是融化的糖。分析可知，所填空之后为名词way，应有冠词作限定词，且之后有定语从句修饰，表特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：实验室培养的样本看起来都像是不同的天然肉类。分析可知，当表达各种各样不同种类的肉时，名词meat可用复数形式表达。故填meats。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：通过控制明胶纤维的扭曲方式，科学家们可以设定纤维的排列和间距，从而决定人造肉最终是更像汉堡还是牛排。分析可知，“____9____ controlling how the gelatin fibers are twisted”应是句中的方式状语，by doing，“通过做某事的方式”，在句中可作方式状语。故填By。
【50题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：通过控制明胶纤维的扭曲方式，科学家们可以设定纤维的排列和间距，从而决定人造肉最终是更像汉堡还是牛排。分析可知，“____10____ the man-made meat ends up more like a burger or a steak”应是宾语从句，结合句意可知，从句句子结构完整，表达不确定性，应用“是否”含义连接词，且从句中含有“or”，whether…or，“是……还是……”符合句意。故填whether。
【点睛】语法填空技巧—定冠词的填写规律
在名词或“形容词＋名词”前缺少限定词时，要考虑冠词。不定冠词a/an表示泛指，可译作“一个/本/座/……”等；定冠词the表示特指，相当于“这，这些，那，那些”。另外，特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物，用the；在序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的事物名词之前，用the。
下列情况下很可能填 ：
(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；
(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；
(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。
比如文章第7小题：
The new process resembles ____7____ way that cotton candy is made, except that it uses gelatin instead of melted sugar.
空7之后为名词way，符合填写冠词的规律，且之后有“that”引导定语从句修饰，符合“(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)”规律。故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（˄），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was exciting to start a new adventure abroad. Therefore, the excitement started to fade after a couple weeks. Homesickness began to be set in. But all that changed after I met some new friends or spent some good time with them. We practice languages, ate together and visited new places.
I suppose we should never forget how important that is to have nice friends in our life. They can make such the difference. To travel and visit other places is one of the better things you can do in your life. My advice from my experience are to travel and try new things whenever you get the opportunity.
【答案】1.exciting→excited
2.Therefore→However
3.couple后加of
4.将be删掉
5.or→and
6.practice→practiced
7.the→a
8.that→it
9.better→best
10.are→is
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外留学的初体验：刚开始兴奋，然后想家，但是通过认识新朋友而适应了新的国外生活，并给出建议只要有机会，就去旅行，尝试新事物。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我对在国外开始新的冒险感到兴奋。分析可知，句子主语为“I”，应使用以-ed形式结尾的形容词作表语，即excited，“兴奋的；激动的”。故将exciting改为excited。
2.考查副词。句意：然而，几周后，兴奋感开始消退。分析可知，前后句为转折关系，应用转折副词。故将Therefore改为However。
3.考查介词。句意：然而，几周后，兴奋感开始消退。a couple of，意为“三两个……；一对……”，固定结构，之后可接名词复数。故在couple之后加of。
4.考查动词不定式。句意：开始想家了。分析可知，begin to do，“开始做某事”，主语homesickness与动词不定式set in之间为主动关系，用原形作不定式即可。故将be删掉。
5.考查连词。句意：但当我认识了一些新朋友，和他们一起度过了一段美好时光后，一切都变了。met some new friends 与之后的动作spent some good time with them之间为并列顺承关系，应用连词and连接。故将or改为and。
6.考查时态。句意：我们一起练习语言，一起吃饭，一起去新的地方。结合句意和语境，应是一般过去时。故将practice改为practiced。
7. 考查it作形式主语。句意：我想我们不应该忘记在我们的生活中有好朋友是多么重要。分析可知，“how important … in our life”应是宾语从句，从句的真正主语为之后不定式“to have nice friends in our life”，应用it作形式主语。故将that改为it。
8.考查冠词。句意：他们可以有这样的影响。make a difference，固定结构，意为“有影响，有关系；起作用”。故将the改为a。
9.考查形容词最高级。句意：旅行和参观其他地方是你一生中能做的最好的事情之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”。故将better改为best。
10.考查主谓一致。句意：根据我的经验，我的建议是，只要有机会，就去旅行，尝试新事物。分析可知，句子主语advice，意为“建议”，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Jack写信询问你为什么喜欢在闲暇时间读书。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 你的读书经历；
2. 你从读书中获得的益处。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
Everyone has different ways of spending his or her free time. As for me, I usually do reading when I have free time.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Write to tell me what you usually do in your spare time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Everyone has different ways of spending his or her free time. As for me, I usually do reading when I have free time. When I was young, my parents bought me a lot of books. Through reading, I have made friends with the Three Little Pigs, Snow White, and so on. Ever since then, reading has become an important part of my life. Reading enriches my life, gives me a lot of fun, and releases me from the pressures of modern living. I got to know about other countries and their cultures and customs, as well as other people’s stories through their biographies. In short, not only can reading broaden my horizons and make me happy, but also reading helps me relax.
Write to tell me what you usually do in your spare time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封回信，对美国网友Jack提出的关于读书的问题作出回答，包括读书经历和读书的益处。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.读书经历描述（When I was young; Three Little Pigs, Snow White）
2.读书益处描述
1）带来乐趣和缓解压力（gives me a lot of fun; releases me from the pressures of modern living）
2）了解世界（know about other countries and their cultures and customs）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
make friends with; give sb. a lot fun; release sb. from; know about; as well as; in short; not only…but also
第三步：连词成句
1. Through reading, I have made friends with the Three Little Pigs, Snow White, and so on.
2. Reading enriches my life, gives me a lot of fun, and releases me from the pressures of modern living.
3. I got to know about other countries and their cultures and customs, as well as other people’s stories through their biographies.
4. In short, not only can reading broaden my horizons and make me happy, but also reading helps me relax.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：what is more; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition; as well as; not only…but (also); including,
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。
1.作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：
When I was young, my parents bought me a lot of books.( 当我小的时候，我的父母给我买了很多书)这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
In short, not only can reading broaden my horizons and make me happy, but also reading helps me relax.( 总之，阅读不仅能拓宽我的视野，让我快乐，而且还能帮助我放松。)这句话使用了not only…but also并列结构，而且将not only置于句首，使用了部分倒装结构。
2.使用了一些固定词组，如make friends with; give sb. a lot fun; release sb. from; know about; as well as; in short; not only…but also等。
全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
河南省焦作市2020届高三三模
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上个。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读-一。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. How is the weather in the mountains?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Cooking. B. Traditions. C. Experiments.
3. Why does the man read in weak light?
A. He is afraid of light.
B. He doesn’t care about his eyes.
C. He doesn’t want to bother his brother.
4. How much money did the man lend the woman in all?
A. $70. B. $80. C. $100.
5. What is the man’s opinion about sleep?
A. Four hours is plenty for him.
B. Eight hours is too much for the woman.
C. Six hours is the least for most people.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the bedroom. C. In the study.
7 When does the man plan to go to sleep?
A. At 11:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 a.m. C. At 4:00 a.m.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How long did Marco Polo travel?
A. For 13 years. B. For 17 years. C. For 24 years.
9. What does the man suggest the woman do in the end?
A. Read a storybook about Xuanzang.
B. Write an essay about Marco Polo.
C. Imagine the life in ancient times.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What language is Richard fluent in?
A. French. B. Spanish. C. Italian.
11. What is Molly going to do?
A. Spend a year in France.
B. Spend six months in France.
C. Spend a year in Spain.
12. What is Richard’s advice for learning a new language?
A. Going traveling often.
B. Using the dictionary often.
C. Surrounding oneself in the environment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What will Henry do at the beach?
A. Go swimming. B. Go walking. C. Go biking.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Manager and customer.
15. Why won’t Kelly go to the beach tomorrow?
A. It will rain. B. She has to work. C. She is sensitive to the sun.
16. Who will drive the car today?
A. Ryan. B. Henry. C. Kelly.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What would MAD Architects prefer buildings to be like?
A. More environmentally friendly.
B. More attractive.
C. More traditional.
18. What does MAD Architects want to provide?
A. The situation of separation from nature.
B. The experience of living in ancient times.
C. The feeling of being in the natural world.
19. Where will the Urban Forest be built?
A. In Beijing. B. In Chongqing. C. In Rome.
20. Who should apply for a job according to the talk?
A. Architects. B. Engineers. C. Office workers.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Seattle is home to one of the busiest ports, so many visitors have a short window to crowd in as much sightseeing as possible before getting on a ship. Here are four attractions you can see in a rush.
Space Needle
Regular tickets for the Space Needle are $10 cheaper from 8:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m. Order tickets in advance so you can go straight in line for the elevators. At the top, you can read fun facts about the Needle and interact with a huge, touchscreen “SkyPad”—- not to mention admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city.
Chihuly Garden and Glass
Located right next to the Space Needle, this exhibit features the work of Dale Chihuly. Walk through the Glasshouse to see one of his largest pieces: a 100-foot-long glass sculpture in colors of red, orange and yellow. Order your Space Needle and Chihuly tickets together for even more savings.
Pike Place Market
Just steps from the Space Needle, you can get on the bus to the famous Pike Place Market. Give yourself plenty of time to eat your way through this huge marketplace. Most places offer samples so you can try a wide variety of snacks before you buy.
Post Alley
Located under Pike Place Market, this street is home to Seattle’s stickiest attraction: the Gum Wall. This tradition started in the 1990s, when people waiting in line for Post Alley’s Market Theater would stick their chewed gum on the wall. Since then, thousands of others have added to the collection. The wall was swept clean in 2015, but you’d never know it now. It makes for a good photo opportunity—just don’t get too close.
1. What can you do at the Space Needle?
A. Taste some delicious snacks. B. Overlook the whole city of Seattle.
C. See a wonderful glass sculpture. D. Take the fastest elevators in the world.
2. What was Dale Chihuly?
A. An artist. B. An actor.
C. An architect. D. A professor.
3. What is the Gum Wall probably like now?
A. It is a place to stick photos. B. It is as clean as other walls.
C. It is covered by chewed gum. D. It is a part of Pike Place Market.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了西雅图的四个景点：Space Needle；Chihuly Garden and Glass；Pike Place Market；Post Alley。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Space Needle部分内容“At the top, you can read fun facts about the Needle and interact with a huge, touchscreen “SkyPad”—- not to mention admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city.( 在顶端，你可以阅读关于针塔的有趣事实，并与一个巨大的触摸屏“SkyPad”互动——更不用说欣赏不可思议的360度城市景观了。) ”可知在这里可以欣赏到城市全景。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Chihuly Garden and Glass部分内容“Located right next to the Space Needle, this exhibit features the work of Dale Chihuly. Walk through the Glasshouse to see one of his largest pieces: a 100-foot-long glass sculpture in colors of red, orange and yellow.”可知，后句中提及的“his”应是指代前句中提及的Dale Chihuly，且后句中提到了“a 100-foot-long glass sculpture in colors of red, orange and yellow(一个100英尺长的玻璃雕塑，颜色有红色、橙色和黄色。)”应是他的作品，故可以推知Dale Chihuly应是一位艺术家。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Post Alley部分内容“Located under Pike Place Market, this street is home to Seattle’s stickiest attraction: the Gum Wall. This tradition started in the 1990s, when people waiting in line for Post Alley’s Market Theater would stick their chewed gum on the wall. Since then, thousands of others have added to the collection.( 位于派克市场下面的这条街是西雅图最粘的地方:口香糖墙。这一传统始于20世纪90年代，当时人们在Post Alley的市场剧院排队时，会把嚼过的口香糖贴在墙上。从那时起，成千上万的人加入了收藏。)”可知，墙上有嚼过的口香糖。故选C项。
【点睛】事实细节题→寻读法
分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。使用寻读法可根据题干关键词回到原文定位，将原文与选项对比可以快速确定答案。比如文章的第1小题：
1. What can you do at the Space Needle?
A. Taste some delicious snacks. B. Overlook the whole city of Seattle.
C. See a wonderful glass sculpture. D. Take the fastest elevators in the world.
根据题干关键词“the Space Needle”可迅速定位到文章第一部分内容：“At the top, you can read fun facts about the Needle and interact with a huge, touchscreen “SkyPad”—- not to mention admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city.”，将选项与原文对比可知，B项“Overlook the whole city of Seattle.( 俯瞰整个西雅图城。)”与原文“admiring incredible 360-degree views of the city(欣赏这座城市令人难以置信的360度全景)”表达含义一致。故选B项。
B
During Rick’s birth in 1962, his brain was damaged for oxygen lack. The doctors told Dick Hoyt that there was no hope of his son being anything more than a “vegetable”. Yet Dick and his wife were determined to raise him at home.
At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled. Dick was not a runner, but he agreed to push Rick through the race course in his wheelchair. That was when a surprising thing happened. During the run, Rick felt as though he wasn’t disabled anymore—he was simply one of the runners. This experience deeply affected Dick, and he committed to running an increasing number of events with his son so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible.
At first, other competitors often treated them as outsiders and even avoided them. But gradually, what began as a way for Rick Hoyt to experience inclusion and equality broadened in its purpose. Running together became a way to send a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life. The pair’s first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change. Many athletes would come up to them before the race to wish them luck.
The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race. Dick has run thousands of miles to be with and support his son. Their athletic pursuits have enriched Rick’s life and had a practical benefit for Dick’s life as well: After a heart attack, Dick’s doctors told him he might have died 15 years earlier if he weren’t in such good shape.
4. What inspired Dick to keep running?
A. Rick felt he was a healthy person in running.
B. Rick could raise money by taking part in running.
C. Rick’s wish was to be an excellent runner one day.
D. Rick could rebuild his brain by running.
5. What message did the Hoyts send by running?
A. Everyone is a part of the world. B. Whatever man has done, I may do.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. Good things come to those who wait.
6. What changed others’ attitudes to the Hoyts?
A. Their talent for running. B. Their purpose of running.
C. Their donations to runners. D. Their achievement in running.
7. How long did the Hoyts insist on races?
A. 31 years. B. 38 years.
C. 40 years. D. 53 years.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出生时由于缺氧而天生“植物人”的Rick13岁时喜爱上了跑步，并坚持参加马拉松比赛，同时，跑步也给他的生命带来了奇迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“During the run, Rick felt as though he wasn’t disabled anymore—he was simply one of the runners. This experience deeply affected Dick, and he committed to running an increasing number of events with his son so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible.( 在跑步的过程中，瑞克觉得自己不再是残疾人了——他只是跑步者中的一员。这段经历深深地影响了迪克，他决定和儿子一起举办越来越多的活动，这样瑞克就能尽可能多地有这种感觉。)”可知，自己在跑步过程中像一个正常人这样的感觉促使他坚持跑步。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Running together became a way to send a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life.( 一起跑步变成了一种传递信息的方式，正如里克所说，每个人都应该融入到日常生活中。)”可知，通过跑步，他想要传达每个人都应该融入到日常生活中，都是世界的一部分。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The pair’s first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change.”可知，人们态度的转变始于他们在1981年波士顿马拉松比赛取得的成绩。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“During Rick’s birth in 1962, his brain was damaged for oxygen lack.”可知，他出生于1962年，第二段内容“At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled.”提及了第一次跑步时13岁，即1962+13=1975年，末尾段落“The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race.”提及2013年为最后一次跑步，因此可计算2013-1975=38。故选B项。
C
What’s the deal with new words? Where do they come from and how do they go from unknown to official? First, new words have to circulate in culture to make it into the dictionary. They have to be used and understood. Words have a much better chance of getting added to the dictionary if you see them in print or hear them in conversation. It’s actually a full-time job to search popular communication to figure out what new words are surfacing in our vernacular（方言）. Lexicographers get to decide which words make it into the dictionary, and they do so by reading widely across industries and disciplines. However, they also make decisions about which idioms make it in.
Dictionaries can sometimes get over 1,000 new words per year. In 2019 the Merriam-Webster added over 600 in April and another 500+ in September. After lexicographers decide which words will be included, they write a new definition. Some existing words also gain additional meanings, and there are usually thousands of revisions. The dictionary is a constantly changing work-in-progress, just like the language it describes and defines. For instance, the word “peak” recently went from being just a sharp, pointed end to also being something at the height of popularity. Occasionally fake words actually end up in the dictionary by mistake.
If you have a word that you think should be in the dictionary, you’re welcome to get in touch with the lexicographers and suggest it. However, the word needs to be fairly popular. It has to have “widespread, frequent, meaningful usage”. For instance, OMG was added to the dictionary in 2009 after lexicographers had observed it in general use for about 15 years.
New words spring from new technologies and disciplines, but they’re very often invented by authors and writers who love language and play with it to create new meanings. One of the greatest creators was William Shakespeare who created over 1,700 new words often by adapting usage and using new compounds. He’s responsible for words like eyeball, excitement, fashionable, and lonely. “Hard-boiled” was invented by Mark Twain.
8. What kind of new words can be included in dictionaries?
A. Words which have been widely used for long.
B. Words which were created by famous writers.
C. Words which have been spoken by some locals.
D. Words which frequently appear in a private conversation.
9. What does the underlined word “Lexicographers” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. New word creators. B. Writers of a dictionary.
C. Specialists in languages. D. Historians on ancient cultures.
10. What does the author think of a dictionary?
A Quite ambiguous. B. Error-free.
C. Extremely rigid. D. Gradually developing.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. How the Dictionary Is Revised
B. How New Words Spread in Culture
C. How Words Get Added to the Dictionary
D. How New Words Are Invented by Famous Authors
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新词是如何被收录入词典成为官方语言的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“First, new words have to circulate in culture to make it into the dictionary. They have to be used and understood. Words have a much better chance of getting added to the dictionary if you see them in print or hear them in conversation.( 首先，新词必须在文化中流传，才能被收入词典。它们必须被使用和理解。如果你在出版物中看到或在对话中听到这些词，它们被收入词典机会要大得多。)”可知，新词必须得到了广泛使用才被收录到字典里。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词之后的动作内容“decide which words make it into the dictionary, and they do so by reading widely across industries and disciplines.”可知，Lexicographers决定了那些词被收录入词典，因此他们应是词典编撰者。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“The dictionary is a constantly changing work-in-progress, just like the language it describes and defines.( 字典就像它所描述和定义的语言一样，是一个不断变化的半成品)”可知，在作者看来，词典时在不断变化的。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，首段提出了本文的中心话题。作者用设问的方式提出了话题“What’s the deal with new words? Where do they come from and how do they go from unknown to official? First, new words have to circulate in culture to make it into the dictionary.( 新词是怎么回事?他们从何而来，又如何从默默无闻走向官方?首先，新词必须在文化中流传，才能被收入词典。)”可知，本文主要讲述新词是如何被收录入词典成为官方语言的。选项C. How Words Get Added to the Dictionary概括了文章主题，可作最佳标题。故选C项。
D
The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)—a study of the test scores of 15-year-olds across 79 countries—showed that students in England performed significantly better in maths than 2015. PISA is conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) every three years, and assesses the performance of 15-year-olds mainly in reading, maths and science.
In England, the Government has prioritized（优先）climbing up the league tables in recent years. The latest tests were carried out last year, and showed that England was ranked 17 in the table for maths, up from 26 in 2015. Pupils in England also outperformed the OECD average in reading and science. On student well-being, 53 percent of 15-year-olds across the UK reported that they are satisfied with their lives—well below the 67 percent average across the OECD.
Taking the UK as a whole, while there was only a statistically significant improvement in maths, the country still improved its position relative to other countries across all three of the subjects tested by PISA. In reading, the UK was 14th, up from 22nd three years ago. In science the UK was 14th, up from 15th, and in maths the UK rose to 18th from 27th.
Across the rest of the league tables, East Asian countries like China and Singapore continued to be far superior. Today’s results also showed that Estonia outperformed all the major European economies.
However, Geoff Barton, the general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, cautioned against concluding too much from the findings. There are many educational and non-educational factors which affect performance and it is not easy to find how these have impacted on young people’s attainment in a set of tests. What is worrying, however, is that this analysis shows that fewer students in the UK are satisfied with their lives than the OECD average. It is clear that many young people feel under great pressure in a society in which the risks often seem very high to them in terms of achieving their goals.
12. Which aspect of England is under the average of the OECD?
A Reading. B. Science.
C. Well-being. D. Maths.
13. Which statement agrees with the UK’ performance in PISA?
A. The UK did worse than before.
B. The UK progressed a little in PISA.
C. The UK hasn’t made any improvement.
D. The UK pulled well ahead of the rest countries.
14. Which of the following countries always holds a leading position in PISA?
A. China. B. Estonia. C. The UK. D. England.
15. What do the Geoff Barton’s words mean in the last paragraph?
A. The PISA results are unbelievable for educators.
B. Students in the UK are in need of more practice.
C. Education quality can’t be fully reflected only by PISA.
D. Young people take more risks of achieving their goals.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了英国学生在国际学生评估项目中的表现，虽然教育质量不能仅仅通过PISA来全面反映，但是还是反映出了一些问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段末尾句内容“On student well-being, 53 percent of 15-year-olds across the UK reported that they are satisfied with their lives—well below the 67 percent average across the OECD.( 在学生幸福感方面，英国15岁的学生中有53%对自己的生活感到满意，远低于经合组织国家67%的平均水平。)”可知，在幸福感方面，英国低于经合组织的平均水平。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Taking the UK as a whole, while there was only a statistically significant improvement in maths, the country still improved its position relative to other countries across all three of the subjects tested by PISA.( 就英国整体而言，尽管在数学方面只有统计上的显著进步，但在PISA测试的所有三门课程中，英国相对于其它国家的排名仍有所提高。)”可知，英国在PISA项目上取得了一些进步。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Across the rest of the league tables, East Asian countries like China and Singapore continued to be far superior.( 在其它排行榜上，中国和新加坡等东亚国家继续遥遥领先。)”可知，中国在在PISA项目中一直处于领先地位。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“There are many educational and non-educational factors which affect performance and it is not easy to find how these have impacted on young people’s attainment in a set of tests.( 有许多教育和非教育的因素影响表现，这是不容易在一套测试找到这些如何影响年轻人的成绩的)”可知，由于有各种因素影响，一套测试并不能完全体现学生的真实情况。选项C. Education quality can’t be fully reflected only by PISA.( 教育质量不能仅仅通过PISA来全面反映。)属于合理推理。故选C项。
第二节（5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Just like essays, all speeches have three main sections: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. ____16____ You need to write a speech in a way that keeps the attention of an audience and helps paint a mental image at the same time. Whatever type of speech you decide to write, find ways to make your words memorable.
The structure of how to write your speech is just the start. ____17____ Start by paying attention to your audience and their interests. Write the words you’ll speak with passion and enthusiasm, which you also want your listeners to share. When writing your attention-grabbing statements, make sure you are writing what will get their attention, not just yours.
____18____ Read famous speeches and look at the way they are constructed. Find things that stand out and figure out what makes it interesting. Oftentimes, speechwriters use rhetorical devices（修辞法）to make certain points easy to remember.
Remember to begin and end your speech with something that will gain and hold the attention of your audience. If you spend too much time getting into your speech, people will zone out or start checking their phones. ___19___
___20___ When you give the speech, think about the tone you should use, and be sure to write the speech in the same flow that you’d use in conversations. A great way to check this flow is to practice reading it out loud. If you stumble（磕磕巴巴）while reading or it feels dull, look for ways to jazz up（使活泼）the words and improve the flow.
A. You’ll also need to write the speech skillfully.
B. How you deliver the speech is also important.
C. You can gain inspiration from others’ speeches.
D. Instead, if interested, they may stick with you until the end.
E. So the essay form can offer a good foundation for the process.
F. However, unlike essays, speeches are not to be read but to be heard.
G. In other words, your speech should contain some color, drama, or humor.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何写好演讲稿和做好演讲的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Just like essays, all speeches have three main sections: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion.( 就像散文一样，所有的演讲都有三个主要部分:引言、正文和结语。)”可知，作者将演讲与论文进行了类比，前文讲到了其在结构上的相同点，因此设空句应是提及不同点。选项F. However, unlike essays, speeches are not to be read but to be heard.( 然而，与散文不同的是，演讲不是用来读的，而是用来听的。)提及了不同点，且However表转折含义，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“tart by paying attention to your audience and their interests. Write the words you’ll speak with passion and enthusiasm, which you also want your listeners to share. When writing your attention-grabbing statements, make sure you are writing what will get their attention, not just yours.(注意你的听众和他们的兴趣。写下你将充满激情和热情地说的话，你也希望你的听众能够分享。当你写那些吸引注意力的语句时，确保你写的是能引起他们注意的内容，而不仅仅是你自己的。)”可知，本段主要讲述了写作技巧。A项You’ll also need to write the speech skillfully.( 你还需要把演讲稿写得很有技巧。)贴合主题，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
设空句应是本段中心主旨句。根据后文“Read famous speeches and look at the way they are constructed.( 阅读著名的演讲，看看它们是如何构造的。)”可知本段主要话题应是“可以参考其他人的演讲学习”。选项C. You can gain inspiration from others’ speeches.( 你可以从别人的演讲中获得灵感。)贴合本段主题，可作中心主旨句。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“If you spend too much time getting into your speech, people will zone out or start checking their phones.( 如果你在演讲上花了太多时间，人们就会走神或者开始查看手机。)”可知，前文在讲述观众在演讲不感兴趣时的表现，因此可以推知设空句应是讲到感兴趣时观众又是如何表现的。选项D. Instead, if interested, they may stick with you until the end.( 相反，如果你感兴趣，他们可能会一直陪着你直到最后。)讲述了感兴趣时的表现，且与前文形成对比，符合语境。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“When you give the speech, think about the tone you should use, and be sure to write the speech in the same flow that you’d use in conversations.( 当你在做演讲的时候，考虑一下你应该使用的语气，并且一定要用你在对话中使用的语气来写演讲。)”可知，本段在讲述如何开始演讲。选项B. How you deliver the speech is also important.( 你如何发表演讲也很重要。)符合本段主旨要义。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken. I received several ____21____ over two years. It was no ____22____ for a busy mother! More unfortunately, I was left with certain physical ____23____. My doctor told me to live life to the ____24____, but not to do things that would be too much for my arm. As I recovered from the last surgery, I fell in ____25____ over all the things I would never get to do that I had wanted to try, like boating. However, I ____26____ so much on what I couldn’t do that I didn’t ____27____ what I could do was right in front of me all along.
My fourteen-year-old son, Matthew, was fond of archery（射箭）. I loved watching him shoot arrows and I had learned quite a bit about the ____28____. I had never ____29____ his bow. I was sure my arm would never allow for such ____30____ equipment, anyway. Then during one of my son’s ____31____, the coaches had a “fun day” and ____32____ encouraged the typically sedentary（久坐的）parents to ____33____ a bow. Before I ____34____ what I was doing, I shot my first arrow. And it hit the ____35____—6 points!
From then on, I often practiced. The more I did it, the more I knew I could do it. I realize that not only will my body not ____36____ this new adventure, but neither will my family—my husband has taken up archery and my other son has tried it as well! I think the sport has made my family ____37____ in some way. I never ____38____ something like archery would be possible for me. I guess being faced with the concept of “limitations” pushed me forward. No more ____39____ and no more fears, I just had to take ____40____ and shoot—and find my way.
21. A. operations B. occupations C. qualifications D. certifications
22. A. fun B. use C. wonder D. doubt
23. A. examinations B. tendencies C. limitations D. activities
24. A. fairest B. fullest C. cheapest D. easiest
25. A. love B. sympathy C. embarrassment D. desperation
26. A. depended B. figured C. insisted D. focused
27. A. appreciate B. confirm C. see D. describe
28. A. club B. sport C. job D. injury
29. A. tried B. repaired C. brought D. watched
30. A. interesting B. frightening C. challenging D. deserving
31. A. competitions B. vacations C. practices D. performances
32. A. energetically B. enthusiastically C. honestly D. violently
33. A. take away B. pick up C. break down D. sort out
34. A. admitted B. refused C. replied D. realized
35. A. target B. enemy C. air D. dirt
36. A. suffer from B. benefit from C. adapt to D. take to
37. A. busier B. clearer C. closer D. richer
38. A. suspected B. insisted C. concluded D. imagined
39. A. motivations B. responsibilities C. permissions D. excuses
40. A. action B. aim C. care D. defeat
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者由于胳膊受伤无法做到自己想做的事情而一度绝望，在参加儿子的训练时，出于教练的鼓励拿起弓箭射箭而喜爱上这个运动，从而意识到不必惧怕所谓的“缺陷”，克服恐惧，采取行动就可以了。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在两年内接受了几次手术。A. operations手术；B. occupations职业；C. qualifications资格; 学历；D. certifications认证；资质证书。根据前文“One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken.”可知，作者的胳膊受伤了，需要做手术。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对于一个忙碌的母亲来说是没有用的。A. fun乐趣；B. use用处；C. wonder惊奇；D. doubt怀疑。根据空后“a busy mother”可知，作者是一个很忙的人，对于一个忙碌的母亲来说，这一点也不好玩。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更不幸的是，我留下了生理缺陷。A. examinations考试；检查；B. tendencies倾向；C. limitations限制；D. activities活动。根据前文“It was no ____2_ ___ for a busy mother!”可知，手术对于作者没有用，留下了生理缺陷，physical limitations，意为“生理缺陷”符合句意表达。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的医生告诉我要活得充实，但不要做那些对我的胳膊来说太重的事情。A. fairest最美的；B. fullest最满的，最完全的；C. cheapest最便宜的；D. easiest最容易的；最简单的。根据前文“More unfortunately, I was left with certain physical ____3 __.”可知，作者的胳膊未能完全康复，留下了缺陷，医生对此给与鼓励，希望作者能够生活得充实。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到绝望，因为我永远无法尝试那些一直想做事情了，比如划船。A. love热爱；B. sympathy同情；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. desperation绝望的境地；不顾一切拼命。根据前文可知，作者胳膊受伤，且后文“I would never get to do that I had wanted to try”提及不能做自己想做的事情了，因此感到绝望。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我太专注于我不能做的事情，以至于我始终没有意识到我能做的事情就在我面前。A. depended依赖；依靠；B. figured想；意料之中；出现；C. insisted坚持；D. focused关注；聚焦。根据前文“I would never get to do that I had wanted to try, like boating.”可知，作者由于胳膊受伤而无法做自己想做的事而陷入绝望，因此作者只在意自己的“不能”，focus on，“关注；集中于”，符合句意表达。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我太专注于我不能做的事情，以至于我始终没有意识到我能做的事情就在我面前。A. appreciate欣赏；感激；B. confirm 确认；C. see看见；D. describe描述。结合前文“However, I ____6____ so much on what I couldn’t do”可知，作者过度关注自己无法做的事情而看不到自己能做到事情。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢看他射箭，也学到了不少射箭这项运动的知识。A. club俱乐部；B. sport运动；C. job工作；D. injury伤害；损害。根据空前的定冠词the可知，所填空应是指之前的“archery”这项运动。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没有试过他的弓箭。A. tried尝试；努力；B. repaired修理；C. brought带来；D. watched观看。根据前文“I loved watching him shoot arrows and I had learned quite a bit about the ____8___.”可知，作者喜欢观看自己的儿子射箭且已经学到了一点，但从没有尝试过。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我确信我的手臂永远不会允许这样具有挑战性的装备。A. interesting有趣的；B. frightening令人恐惧的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. deserving值得帮助的。根据前文“One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken.”可知，作者的胳膊受伤且没有完全康复，因此拉弓对于作者来说是有挑战性的。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，在我儿子的一次训练中，教练们度过了“有趣的一天”，热情地鼓励那些惯于久坐不动的父母们去拿起弓箭射箭。A. competitions竞争；竞赛；B. vacations假期；C. practices做法；练习；D. performances表演。根据前文“My fourteen-year-old son, Matthew, was fond of archery(我十四岁的儿子马修喜欢射箭)”可知，事情发生在作者的儿子练习（训练）射箭的时候。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，在我儿子的一次训练中，教练们度过了“有趣的一天”，热情地鼓励那些惯于久坐不动的父母们去拿起弓箭射箭。A. energetically积极地；精力充沛地；B. enthusiastically热心地；满腔热情地；C. honestly真诚地；公正地；D. violently激烈地；厉害地。根据前文the coaches had a “fun day”(教练们度过了“有趣的一天”)可知，教练们应是对让父母参与射箭这个运动充满热情。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：后来，在我儿子的一次训练中，教练们度过了“有趣的一天”，热情地鼓励那些惯于久坐不动的父母们去拿起弓箭射箭。 A. take away带走，拿走；B. pick up捡起；学会；C. break down (机器、车辆等) 出故障；D. sort out整理；解决。根据后文“Before I ____14 ___ what I was doing, I shot my first arrow.”可知，教练让父母参与这个运动，因此本句在阐述教练充满热情地鼓励父母能够拿起弓箭射箭。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到我在做什么之前，我射出了我的第一支箭。 A. admitted承认；B. refused拒绝；C. replied回复；D. realized意识到。结合后文“I shot my first arrow. And it hit the ____15___—6 points!( 我射出了我的第一支箭。它打了6分!)”可知，作者对自己的表现感到很吃惊，D项，realized，可表达“吃惊”之意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且它击中了箭靶——6分! A. target靶；目标；B. enemy敌人；C. air空气；D. dirt灰尘; 污垢。结合语境“I shot my first arrow.”可知，作者在射箭，因此射中了箭靶。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我意识到不仅我的身体会从这次新的冒险中受益，我的家人也会——我的丈夫已经开始学习射箭，我的另一个儿子也开始尝试射箭了! A. suffer from遭受；患有；B. benefit from得益于；得利于；C. adapt to使自己适应于……；D. take to喜欢；走向；开始从事。根据前文“From then on, I often practiced. The more I did it, the more I knew I could do it.( 从那以后，我经常练习。我做得越多，就越知道自己能行。)”可知，作者从射箭运动中有所受益。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为这项运动在某种程度上拉近了我和家人的距离。 A. busier比较忙碌的；B. clearer更清楚的；C. closer更加密切；D. richer更富有。根据前文“my husband has taken up archery and my other son has tried it as well!( 我的丈夫开始学射箭，我的另一个儿子也尝试射箭!)”可知，作者的家人都开始了射箭运动，家人之间更加亲密。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过像射箭这样的事情会发生在我身上。A. suspected怀疑；B. insisted坚持；C. concluded结束；推断；作结论；D. imagined想象；猜测。结合句意“I never ____18_ ___ something like archery would be possible for me.”可知，作者从没有想过对于自己受伤的胳膊来说能够射箭。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有更多的借口，没有更多的恐惧，我只需要采取行动，射箭——找到我的方式。 A. motivations动机；B. responsibilities责任；职责；C. permissions许可，权限；D. excuses借口，理由。根据后文“no more fears”可知，作者不再恐惧，克服了生理缺陷，不再有有借口害怕。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有更多的借口，没有更多的恐惧，我只需要采取行动，射箭——找到我的方式。A. action行动；B. aim目标；C. care关心；D. defeat失败。take action，“采取行动”，固定搭配结构，故选A项。
【点睛】完型填空技巧之感情基调来帮忙
感情基调是指作者在讲述事件时使用的褒贬含义词汇，这不仅体现在作者使用的形容词或副词，还体现在作者使用的动词，名词等词性上。结合作者要表达的感情基调是积极向上还是消极向下，可以很快确定答案。比如文章的第5小题：
As I recovered from the last surgery, I fell in ____5____ over all the things I would never get to do that I had wanted to try, like boating.
5. A. love B. sympathy C. embarrassment D. desperation
通过阅读文章前一部分“One dark morning during my walk, I fell and had my arm broken. I received several ____1____ over two years. It was no ____2____ for a busy mother! More unfortunately, I was left with certain physical ____3____. My doctor told me to live life to the ____4____, but not to do things that would be too much for my arm.”可知，作者胳膊受伤，做了手术还是留下了后遗症，可知作者的感情基调是消极向下的，对生活失去了信心，因此在选择第5题的名词时，应选择同一基调的名词“desperation”，意为“绝望”。故答案为D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
It takes a lot of land and water ___41___ (grow) animals. People might one day grow meat in factories instead of having to harvest it from farmed animals. Growing meat in a lab could mean ____42____ (use) fewer animals and lowering the ___43___ (environment) costs of raising livestock（牲畜）. So far, no attempts at lab-grown meat ____44____ (manage) to match the texture（结构，口感）of the animal muscles eaten as meat. One new development does this by using a technique of making cotton candy. It grows meat with more structures.
Researchers have already known how to grow cells, ____45____ are the basis of meat. However, a pile of cells does not have the chewy texture of a chicken breast. Cells without a support ____46____ (be) more like a soup, or at best a meatball . The new process resembles ____47____ way that cotton candy is made, except that it uses gelatin（明胶）instead of melted sugar. The lab-grown samples all look like the different natural ____48____ (meat). And they have similar material nature, too. The nature affects how chewy, springy or soft the meat is. ____49____ controlling how the gelatin fibers are twisted, the scientists can set the fibers’ arrangement and spacing, which determines _____50_____ the man-made meat ends up more like a burger or a steak.
【答案】41. to grow
42. using 43. environmental
44. have managed
45. which 46. are
47. the 48. meats
49. By 50. whether
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科技技术：一种利用制作棉花糖的技术来制造肉。
【41题详解】
考查固定句式。句意：饲养动物需要大量的土地和水。it takes sth to do，固定句式，意为“需要……做某事”。故填to grow。
【42题详解】
考查动名词和固定结构。句意：在实验室里种植肉类可能意味着使用更少的动物和降低饲养牲畜的环境成本。mean doing sth，固定结构，意为“意味着做某事”。故填using。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在实验室里种植肉类可能意味着使用更少的动物和降低饲养牲畜的环境成本。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语修饰之后的名词costs(费用；成本)。故填environmental。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，还没有人尝试过在实验室里培育出与食用动物肌肉结构相匹配的肉。根据时间状语so far可知应是现在完成时。故填have managed。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：研究人员已经知道如何培养作为肉类基础的细胞。分析可知，“___5____ are the basis of meat”应是之前名词cells的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查时态。句意：没有支撑物的细胞更像汤，或者至多像个肉丸子。分析可知，所填空在句中作谓语，结合语境可知时态为一般现在时，主语为“Cells”，名词复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：新工艺类似于棉花糖的制作方法，只不过它使用的是明胶，而不是融化的糖。分析可知，所填空之后为名词way，应有冠词作限定词，且之后有定语从句修饰，表特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：实验室培养的样本看起来都像是不同的天然肉类。分析可知，当表达各种各样不同种类的肉时，名词meat可用复数形式表达。故填meats。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：通过控制明胶纤维的扭曲方式，科学家们可以设定纤维的排列和间距，从而决定人造肉最终是更像汉堡还是牛排。分析可知，“____9____ controlling how the gelatin fibers are twisted”应是句中的方式状语，by doing，“通过做某事的方式”，在句中可作方式状语。故填By。
【50题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：通过控制明胶纤维的扭曲方式，科学家们可以设定纤维的排列和间距，从而决定人造肉最终是更像汉堡还是牛排。分析可知，“____10____ the man-made meat ends up more like a burger or a steak”应是宾语从句，结合句意可知，从句句子结构完整，表达不确定性，应用“是否”含义连接词，且从句中含有“or”，whether…or，“是……还是……”符合句意。故填whether。
【点睛】语法填空技巧—定冠词的填写规律
在名词或“形容词＋名词”前缺少限定词时，要考虑冠词。不定冠词a/an表示泛指，可译作“一个/本/座/……”等；定冠词the表示特指，相当于“这，这些，那，那些”。另外，特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物，用the；在序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的事物名词之前，用the。
下列情况下很可能填 ：
(1)________ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；
(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；
(3)________ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。
比如文章第7小题：
The new process resembles ____7____ way that cotton candy is made, except that it uses gelatin instead of melted sugar.
空7之后为名词way，符合填写冠词的规律，且之后有“that”引导定语从句修饰，符合“(2)________ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)”规律。故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（˄），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was exciting to start a new adventure abroad. Therefore, the excitement started to fade after a couple weeks. Homesickness began to be set in. But all that changed after I met some new friends or spent some good time with them. We practice languages, ate together and visited new places.
I suppose we should never forget how important that is to have nice friends in our life. They can make such the difference. To travel and visit other places is one of the better things you can do in your life. My advice from my experience are to travel and try new things whenever you get the opportunity.
【答案】1.exciting→excited
2.Therefore→However
3.couple后加of
4.将be删掉
5.or→and
6.practice→practiced
7.the→a
8.that→it
9.better→best
10.are→is
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外留学的初体验：刚开始兴奋，然后想家，但是通过认识新朋友而适应了新的国外生活，并给出建议只要有机会，就去旅行，尝试新事物。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：我对在国外开始新的冒险感到兴奋。分析可知，句子主语为“I”，应使用以-ed形式结尾的形容词作表语，即excited，“兴奋的；激动的”。故将exciting改为excited。
2.考查副词。句意：然而，几周后，兴奋感开始消退。分析可知，前后句为转折关系，应用转折副词。故将Therefore改为However。
3.考查介词。句意：然而，几周后，兴奋感开始消退。a couple of，意为“三两个……；一对……”，固定结构，之后可接名词复数。故在couple之后加of。
4.考查动词不定式。句意：开始想家了。分析可知，begin to do，“开始做某事”，主语homesickness与动词不定式set in之间为主动关系，用原形作不定式即可。故将be删掉。
5.考查连词。句意：但当我认识了一些新朋友，和他们一起度过了一段美好时光后，一切都变了。met some new friends 与之后的动作spent some good time with them之间为并列顺承关系，应用连词and连接。故将or改为and。
6.考查时态。句意：我们一起练习语言，一起吃饭，一起去新的地方。结合句意和语境，应是一般过去时。故将practice改为practiced。
7. 考查it作形式主语。句意：我想我们不应该忘记在我们的生活中有好朋友是多么重要。分析可知，“how important … in our life”应是宾语从句，从句的真正主语为之后不定式“to have nice friends in our life”，应用it作形式主语。故将that改为it。
8.考查冠词。句意：他们可以有这样的影响。make a difference，固定结构，意为“有影响，有关系；起作用”。故将the改为a。
9.考查形容词最高级。句意：旅行和参观其他地方是你一生中能做的最好的事情之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”。故将better改为best。
10.考查主谓一致。句意：根据我的经验，我的建议是，只要有机会，就去旅行，尝试新事物。分析可知，句子主语advice，意为“建议”，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Jack写信询问你为什么喜欢在闲暇时间读书。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 你的读书经历；
2. 你从读书中获得的益处。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
Everyone has different ways of spending his or her free time. As for me, I usually do reading when I have free time.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Write to tell me what you usually do in your spare time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Everyone has different ways of spending his or her free time. As for me, I usually do reading when I have free time. When I was young, my parents bought me a lot of books. Through reading, I have made friends with the Three Little Pigs, Snow White, and so on. Ever since then, reading has become an important part of my life. Reading enriches my life, gives me a lot of fun, and releases me from the pressures of modern living. I got to know about other countries and their cultures and customs, as well as other people’s stories through their biographies. In short, not only can reading broaden my horizons and make me happy, but also reading helps me relax.
Write to tell me what you usually do in your spare time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封回信，对美国网友Jack提出的关于读书的问题作出回答，包括读书经历和读书的益处。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.读书经历描述（When I was young; Three Little Pigs, Snow White）
2.读书益处描述
1）带来乐趣和缓解压力（gives me a lot of fun; releases me from the pressures of modern living）
2）了解世界（know about other countries and their cultures and customs）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
make friends with; give sb. a lot fun; release sb. from; know about; as well as; in short; not only…but also
第三步：连词成句
1. Through reading, I have made friends with the Three Little Pigs, Snow White, and so on.
2. Reading enriches my life, gives me a lot of fun, and releases me from the pressures of modern living.
3. I got to know about other countries and their cultures and customs, as well as other people’s stories through their biographies.
4. In short, not only can reading broaden my horizons and make me happy, but also reading helps me relax.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：what is more; besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition; as well as; not only…but (also); including,
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。
1.作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：
When I was young, my parents bought me a lot of books.( 当我小的时候，我的父母给我买了很多书)这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
In short, not only can reading broaden my horizons and make me happy, but also reading helps me relax.( 总之，阅读不仅能拓宽我的视野，让我快乐，而且还能帮助我放松。)这句话使用了not only…but also并列结构，而且将not only置于句首，使用了部分倒装结构。
2.使用了一些固定词组，如make friends with; give sb. a lot fun; release sb. from; know about; as well as; in short; not only…but also等。
全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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