2021-2022学年江西省景德镇一中高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题含答案

2021-2022学年江西省景德镇一中高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题

第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)

第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

One  trend  that  has  skyrocketed  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic  is  that  many homebuyers have chosen to move to luxury escapes—swapping their inner-city setup for a home office near the water or the bush. Here we’ve gathered four of our favourite properties on the market right now.

21. What’s the special aspect of Sunshine Bay?

A. It can be rented out.        B. It’s near the sea.

C. It has woods nearby.        D. Its price is low.

22. Which property best suits people who are interested in architecture designing?

A. Sunshine Bay.   B. Murrumbateman.  C. Tura Beach.   D. Jindabyne.

23. What do the four properties have in common?

A. They are located in urban regions.    B. They are places with ocean views.

C. They are accessible to sand and water.   D. They are a good escape from urban life.

B

Architecture is amazing. It has changed the way I look and interact with the world and my  environment.  It  has trained me to be hyper-sensitive (过度敏感) to the built environment, to recognize problems and find solutions that an untrained eye would never notice.

As much as I love this profession, it is very easy to get lost in architecture. I get so focused that I have forgotten about everything else. Luckily my passion for cycling kept me sane (清醒的) while I was becoming an architect. I faced a lot of obstacles and challenges taking a bicycle ride across the United States. Looking back, cycling across  the America was actually one of the smartest things I ever did.

I have actually bicycled across the continental USA twice; East to west. Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean, both times. Bicycling across America isn’t as hard as you think.

I rode alone on my first trip in 2005 from Virginia Beach to the coast of Florence, Oregon. In the end it was 4,547 miles over the course of 77 days.

I left for the second trip in 2007 with my two best friends from Bar Harbor, Maine to Portland, Oregon, which was a 4,886 mile ride over 90 days. At that time, I fell in love with the idea of leaving the east coast behind, starting a whole new life and career in a new city. I ended up in Portland. After arriving in town on a bike, I eventually found a job, a place to live and an amazing dog.

I share all this not to convince anyone to go biking across America, but only to share how doing this has changed my life. Architecture has given me a wonderful life and career but it isn’t everything. Thankfully I have also been very passionate about: my friends,traveling, bicycles ,punk rock, technology, the internet, my dog, and even yoga.  My architecture background has definitely sweetened my relationship with all those things.

Becoming an architect is a noble pursuit, but you should keep pursuing everything else that you are passionate about. It will enhance your architecture career and ultimately make you a more interesting person, which in my opinion is really more important than being another silly architect.

24. What’s the advantage of cycling according to the author?

A. Changing his negative attitude to architecture.   

B. Keeping himself focused on his career all the time.

C. Enabling him to find solutions without training.   

D. Making him a much better architect and person.

25. What does the author think of his two cross-country bike trips?

A. They are harder than what he expected before.   

B. They show the benefits of riding with friends.

C. They give him some extraordinary experiences.   

D. They guarantee him a new life and career in Portland.

26. What can be inferred from Paragraph 6?

A. Don’t get completely lost in your hobbies.    

B. Don’t abandon hobbies for your profession.

C. Don’t feel ashamed of stopping your hobbies.   

D. Don’t weigh your family against your profession.

27. In the last paragraph, the author reminds us to ________.

A. take up the pursuit of becoming an architect   

B. find what we are really passionate about

C. appreciate other people’s good intentions   

D. avoid our career taking over other pursuits

C

A human heart is so much more than an organ. No one says they left their pancreas (胰 腺) in San Francisco, for example, or that two kidneys (肾脏) beat as one. Yet most of us believe that two hearts can beat as one, and that the heart reveals our real emotions. Now there’s some evidence that such folk wisdom is true.

When people listen to the same story—each alone in their own home—their heart rates rise and fall together,  according to a new study published last month in  Cell Reports. Professor Lucas Perra, a senior author of the study, said, “It’s the story that drives the heart. ”

This finding corresponds with a mountain of research showing that our brains synchronize (同步) when we interact in the same location or participate in the same activity. The new study goes one step further; it tests whether our heart rates become synchronized while taking in the same narrative—even though we’re not in the same room nor even listening at the same time as other listeners.

Marcel Proust wrote at the turn of the 20th century, “the heart does not lie. ” Data tells us much the same: The heart’s connection to the brain is so tight that when we hear the same story, our heart rates synchronize. Subjects in the same group produced synchronized heart rate patterns that rose and fell at roughly the same times during the narrative.

The results are“heartwarming,”said Prof. Perra. “Heart rat correlation (关联) between subjects does not require them to actually be interacting, or even be in the same place. It’s not the interaction between people but the story itself that does the trick. ”

The point, he said, is that when we listen to the same radio program or watch a Netflix show, our hearts beat together, showing that “we’re not alone. ”

28. What does the underlined expression “folk wisdom”refer to in the first paragraph?

A. Kidneys beat like hearts.      B. Hearts are important organs.

C. A human heart conveys feelings.    D. Organs have close links with emotions.

29. What can we learn from the new study in Cell Reports?

A. People like listening to the same story in separate places.

B. Human’s brains synchronize when driven by different stories.

C. People tested in the same group have the same heart rates.

D. The same story can make listeners have the same heart rates.

30. What’s the author’s purpose of writing this article?

A. To report a research finding.     B. To argue against an opinion.

C. To tell readers a moving story.     D. To call for immediate action.

31. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. The Way Human Hearts Work    B. The Same Story, the Same Heartbeat

C. The Heart’s Connection to Brain   D. The Importance of Heart Rates

                                       D

How much time do you spend doing research before you make a big decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice, and it is certainly possible to overthink things. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions. Psychologists call the latter a mental bias (偏见). In this case, the error is making a call based on the least of evidence.

A research by Carmen Sanchez, a professor at the University of Illinois, and David Dunning, a professor at the University of Michigan, has found that hasty judgments are often just one part of larger error-prone patterns in behavior and thinking. These patterns have costs. People who tend to make such jumps in their reasoning often choose a bet in which they have low chances of winning instead of one where their chances are much better.

To study jumping, researchers did an experiment to examine decision-making patterns among 600 people from the general population. They applied a thinking game, in which players encountered someone who was fishing from one of two lakes: in one lake, most of the fish were red; in the other, most were gray. The fisher would catch one fish at a time and stop only when players thought they could say which lake was being fished. Some players had to see many fish before making a decision. Others—the jumpers—stopped after only one or two. Participants were also asked questions to learn more about their thought patterns. It was found that the fewer fish a player waited to see, the more errors that individual made in other types of beliefs, reasoning and decisions.

So what is behind jumping? Researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic, known as system l, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort; and controlled, or system 2, consisting of effortful reasoning that is analytic, mindful and intentional. It was found that jumpers and non-jumpers were equally influenced by automatic thoughts. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers. It is system 2 thinking that helps people counterbalance mental biases introduced by system 1. A lack of system 2 thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.

In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our heart is a frequent and important one. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.

32. What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs?

A. Overthinking things is a mental bias.

B. Evidence is a necessity for judgments.

C. Jumping results from a wish to win a bet.

D. Jumpers have a tendency to a mental mistake.

33. What can we learn from the experiment?

A. Jumpers caught more fish than non-jumpers.

B. Non-jumpers gave quicker answers than jumpers.

C. Non-jumpers tended to see more fish before naming the lake.

D. People who saw fewer fish made fewer mistakes in reasoning.

34. According to the passage, in which situation is system 2 engaged more?

A. After comparing different brands and models, David purchased a car.

B. On hearing that the Apollo moon landings were faked, Mia believed it.

C. Seeing the dirty windows of a restaurant, Mary decided its food was bad.

D. When picking a doctor, Jim merely accepted the recommendation from a friend.

35. What does the author intend to tell us?

A. To reflect on our thought patterns regularly.

B. To think twice before we make our decisions.

C. To realize the consequences of faulty reasoning.

D. To adopt two pathways of thought before acting.

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Pets are like our family members and their good health is something that is very important to all pet owners. Just as the pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (一氧化物) and carbon dioxide in the air, affect our health, these same environmental nasties can affect our pets too.

      36    57% of dogs exposed to higher pollution levels developed brain diseases and showed signs of neuro problems. In a more recent study from the journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, researchers found that cats with breathing problems were more likely to live in households with higher indoor air pollution.

Air purifiers have been brought into use in recent years. They work to remove harmful chemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other environmental pollutants from the air.    37    But are they safe for pets? How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends?

      38   The physical safety of using a mechanical device around pets is what we have   to pay attention to. Air purifiers come in various shapes and sizes, from small desk-top units to large, free-standing models. In terms of physical harm, there is an existing risk of our pet becoming trapped in the electrical wire of our air purifier. Air purifiers are designed to be used in the home around children and their internal mechanisms should also be safe from small tails of our pets and other parts of their bodies.       39   

Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct.   40    We should always stay away from the ones that produce even minimal quantities. We are always on the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtration (过滤) system of a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbon activated filter.

Picking the wrong air purifier type can quickly make things worse for our pets. On the other hand, picking the correct air purifier can lead to a big increase in the quality of life for them.

A.  At present many homes are equipped with these useful devices.

B.  Before buying an air purifier, we should keep two aspects in mind.

C.  Pet owners always pay close attention to the physical health of their pets.

D.  Even the smallest pets shouldn’t be able to access the insides of air purifiers.

E.  This greatly depends on the type of air purifier and air cleaning technology used.

F.  So always check the product specifications and try to find a model that does not produce any carbon monoxide.

G. A 2008 study published in Brain and Cognition showed that dogs’ brains were negatively affected by the heavy pollution

第三部分  语言知识运用 (共三节，满分30分)

第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

I was driving on the freeway when I saw the sign. It  41  drivers that chains would be required to cross the mountain. It took me quite sometime to get the chains on. When I got to a spot where it was no longer snowing, I took the chains off so I could drive at a(n)  42 speed.

Suddenly, I  43  another snowy, icy patch of road. My car spun out into a snowdrift. I thought of  44  some tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was so cold outside that my hands weren’t working  45  . I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA).

A Russian man came up to my window and said hello. Before I could say too much, he and his three sons were already  46  to push my car. I got out of my car and  47  them.

It was past midnight and they easily could have decided that AAA would  48  the situation after our initial  49  failed. Yet, they stayed with us for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying  50  things to get the car out of the snow, insistent that they wouldn’t leave until I was  51  .

At first, I was a little  52  about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour, but their cheerful attitude changed the whole  53  of the situation and lifted my spirits.

After nearly 45 minutes of hard work when my car was finally free, they didn’t even  54  around long enough for me to get their names. They just ran toward their truck,  55  a bit on the ice, and yelled back “Drive Slowly”, like true smile heroes!

第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The classical gardens of Suzhou, Jiangsu province, date back to the 6th century   56   the city was founded   57   the capital of the Wu Kingdom. Today, more than 50 of these gardens are still in   58   (exist), nine of which are regarded as the finest embodiments (化身)of Chinese “Mountain and Water” gardens.

Built in the  11th century on the site of an   59   (early), destroyed garden, Canglang  Pavilion  has  the  longest history among all the existing classical gardens in Suzhou. Naturally   60   (lay) out and well designed, it is called one of the four best gardens  in  Suzhou.  The  garden  looks  simple  but  natural.  Without  complex   61   (decorate), it combines buildings with scenery so well   62   the whole garden appears to be naturally endowed ( 赋予). Since many of the   63   (origin) features of the garden have been preserved, the garden has a high historical and artistic value.

The classical gardens of Suzhou   64   (be) the most vivid specimens(样本)of culture from the East Yangtze Delta region in the 11th to 19th centuries. The underlying philosophy, literature, art, and craftsmanship   65   (show) in the architecture, gardening as well as the handcrafts perfectly reflect the monumental achievements of the social, cultural, scientific, and technological developments of this period.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 应用文（满分15分）

假如你是李华，3 月 20 日你们全班参观了市博物馆。请为校英文报写一篇新闻报 道，内容包括:

1. 参加人员、时间；

2. 活动内容；

3. 活动反响。

注意：

1. 字数80左右;

2. 可适当添加细节，行文连贯。

第二节 故事续写(满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Keeping up seemed so important when I was a teenager. Back in 1973, if you weren’t wearing Penn Loafers (乐福鞋) you’d just as soon go around in your bare feet. There was only one problem that year, I had bought Oxfords—but Penny Loafers were in.

“I need some money for Penny Loafers. ” I told my dad one afternoon at the place where he worked as a car mechanic.

Dad looked at me for a full minute before he answered, “Wear those shoes one more day. Look at every pair of shoes you see at school. If you can tell me that you are worse off than the other kids, I’ll buy new shoes for you. ”

The next day, I did what Dad said. I saw many schoolmates wore torn shoes of the likes I’d never had to wear, and shoes with holes in them, but I had no intention of telling him the results.

When school was out, I rushed to the place where Dad worked. It was quiet. Only an occasional clank (叮当声) of metal could be heard as Dad worked under a car. Then dad’s shoes came into my sight. They were old and black, the kind mechanics and service-station attendants wore. I saw the mended soles (鞋底) and the spliced laces (拼接的鞋带) .

“You do what I told you today?”

“Yes, sir. ”

“Well, what do you want to do?” He looked as though he might know what my answer would be.

“I still want the Penny Loafers. ” I forced myself not to look at his shoes.

Dad handed me ten dollars. I took the money and went to the store two blocks down the street. A rack (货架) on a far wall appeared as if it had a million pairs of black Penny Loafers resting on it. On a rack next to it was a sign that reads “CLEARANCE 50% OFF”. Below the sign sat several “young” versions of Dad’s shoes.

注意：

1.  续写词数应为 150 词左右；

2.  请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

My mind was playing Pingpong __________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I ran back to the shop and put Dad’s new shoes on the seat in his car. ____

答案

第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)

第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)

21-23 ACD   24-27 DCBD   28-31 CDAB   32-35 DCAB

第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）

36-40 GABDE

第三部分  语言知识运用 (共三节，满分30分)

第一节 完形填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)

41-45 ACBDA   46-50 CBADC   51-55 DABCD

第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

56. when    57. as     58. existence    59. earliest    60. laid

61. decoration(s)  62. that    63. original    64. are     65. shown

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 应用文（满分15分）

A Visit to the City Museum

On March 20th, all the students in Class 7,Grade 3 paid a visit to the city museum, which turned out to be a rewarding and productive journey.

With the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest. They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.

This immersive experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese culture and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.

第二节 故事续写(满分25分)

My mind was playing Pingpong. His old and black shoes flashed through my mind. But my gaze again fell on the brand new Penny Loafers. I was fascinated by these gleaming shoes and couldn't take my eyes off them. I was about to spend all my ten dollars on them when I recollected Dad's worn-out shoes, The gleam of the loafers started to dull. I took shoes of my dad's size from the clearance rack and darted to the checkout counter.

Iran back to the shop and put Dad's new shoes on the seat in his car: The moment we got in the car Dad picked up the box. When he opened it he just stared without saying a word. A mixture of guilt and delight came from the bottom of my heart. He looked first at the shoes and then at me." I thought you need a new par of shoes more than I do." I broke the silence. Dad put his hand on my shoulder and we sat looking at each other for a moment. Nothing else was said. Dad started the car and we went home.