2022届高考英语语法复习 名词性从句之同位语从句学案

                                   同位语从句
1． 概念：
位语从句，指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系
2． 结构：
 先行词+从句
We heard the news that our volleyball team had won the match．
3． 用法：
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等．
1）that引导
that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句．that不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用．同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong．
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的．（作idea的同位语）
【注意1】在某些名词（如demand，wish，suggestion，resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team．
有一项建议是布朗应该离队．
2） whether引导
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor．
我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定．
3）连接代词what，who，whom，whose，引导同位语从句
I have no idea what size shoes she wears． 我不知道她穿几号的鞋．（what作定语）
Thequestion who will take his place is still not clear． （who作主语）
4）连接副词when，where，how，why引导
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation．
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定．
4． 易混淆点：
要区分开同位语从句与定语从句
从语法角度来看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起语法作用，用来连接同位语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，不省略；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它除了起引导从句的语法作用之外，还要在从句中充当句子成分主要是作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略．
例如：
同位语从句： The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody．他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴．（that只起连接作用）
定语从句： The fact that （which） we talked about is very important．我们所谈论的那个事实很重要．（that在从句中作about的宾语）

 

 即学即练

一，单项选择

1. The question occurred to me ______ we should go to get the car repaired． We were in the middle of the forest at the time．（　　）

2. There is no doubt， in my opinion， _________matters is not the speed， but the quality of the product．（　　）

3.-Some people hold the view ________money can buy happiness．

-That's ________ I disagree． Many rich people are not happy at all．（　　）

4. Word comes _____ free books will be given to ______come first in this book fair．（　　）

5.If you made the assumption ________ what is accepted as true is really true， there would be little hope for advance．（　　）

6.China's environmental watchdog has approved the action plan ________ foreign garbage imports should be banned to control solid waste pollution．（　　）

7.The message has been clearly conveyed in Xi Jinping's speech ________ the modernization of Chinese navy is to be sped up．（　　）

8. The employers have reached some consensus as to workers from different positions ________ their workers can be offered many carrots， such as training abroad， and yearly bonus．（　　）

9. It is certain ________she will do well in her exam．（　　）

10. Word came __________ the audience were not satisfied with the commercial performance．（　　）

二，翻译句子

1.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。

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2.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。

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3. 政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。

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4. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。

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5. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
 

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6.  对你生病这件事，他们都很担心。

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7. 我不知道他现在在干什么。

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8. 谁来做一这个演讲的问题还不确定。

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参考答案

选择【答案】ADCDC CBCCB

翻译
1. Our teacher gave us some advice how we （should） use the computer．

2. The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule （should） be adopted．

3. The government gave the order that all these houses （should） be pulled down in three weeks．

4. The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly．

5. I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon．

6. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.

7. I have no idea what he is doing now. 

8. The question who should give a speech is uncertain.