2022届高考英语阅读理解套餐加强练

2022高考英语阅读理解套餐加强练

The universe likes to be shy about its age, but astronomers believe they have a pretty good idea of the range. Currently, the most widely accepted age for the universe is around 13.8 billion years, but determining the age of...well, everything, is no easy feat(功绩). Now.new studies have investigated the question using different methods—and they’ve come up with two different answers, separated by more than a billion years.

Because the universe is expanding at an accelerating pace, the further away an object is, the faster it appears to be moving away from us. This is expressed as the Hubble constant（哈勃常数），and it’s a key factor in figuring out the age of the universe. After all, if we can determine how fast moving away from us, we can remind that process to its beginning—the Big Bang. Researchers from the University of Oregon set out to map the distance to dozens of galaxies. The team calculated that the universe is only 12.6 billion years old—that, you might notice is much younger than the 13.8 years usually stated.

“In the second study, the method of figuring out the age of the universe is by mapping the oldest light we can detect. We are restoring the ‘baby photo’ of the universe to its original condition, removing the wear and tear of time and space that distorted(扭曲) the image,” says Neelima Sehgal, co-author on the study. “Only by seeing this sharper ‘baby photo’ or image of the universe can we more fully understand how our universe was born.” In doing so, the researcher determined that the universe is 13.8 billion years old—in agreement with the accepted age.

The real problem though, is that the studies disagree so wildly with each other, to the tune of a billion years. But they are not the only ones—the battle lines are commonly drawn by the methods used. Obviously, more research is needed to determine where the truth lies.

1. What do we know about the universe from the first two paragraphs?

A. It doesn’t exist long.         B. It becomes larger. 

C. It runs away.         D. It causes the Big Bang.

2. What makes the researchers in the first study think the universe is much younger?

A. The speed of moving objects.

B. The number of galaxies.

C. The process of the universe evolution.

D. The distance to other objects.

3. How does Neelima Sehgal explain their method in the second study?

A. By referring to a similar thing.

B. By using hard scientific data.

C. By introducing a new concept.

D. By quoting an expert’s words.

4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Whose method is better?

B. Which result can you believe?

C. How old is the universe?

D. Why is the universe so old?

Nobody likes to fail. It makes people feel embarrassed and discouraged. What’s worse, it may cause major professional or personal trouble and lead to negativity. Basically, failure is no fun for most people. However, a vast body of research tells us that failure provides us with a chance to grow and develop, increases adaptability, and helps protect against anxiety.

It's hard to change the mindset (心态) of a lifetime. But even if we still can’t get over the broken marriage or the failed College Entrance Examination or the work presentation that went fearfully wrong, it might not be too late for our kids.

Christy Pennison, a professional consultant, says she works with an increasing number of kids and teens who show significant anxiety around a fear of failure. She said, “We want to protect our children, and we want them to live happy and meaningful lives, so we frequently tell them the harm of failure and ask them to avoid failure. The children experiencing internal and sometimes extenal pressure think they shouldn't fail. Meanwhile, we always have high expectations of them. So when they don’t live up to a certain standard, or things don’t go according to the plans, they will feel upset and anxious.”

Pennison argues that failures, are often the hidden learning chances that can help people develop positive qualities, like persistence, focus, flexibility, patience, and positive self-image.

So what can parents do to help their children embrace (拥抱) failure instead of avoiding it at all costs? Pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort, not the result. “This allows children to build confidence in themselves,” she explains. “Acknowledging the effort can give children permission to try new things without a fear of failure. And the bigger picture is that the development of the mindset —‘I’d rather try and fail than not try at all.’—helps them keep a belief in themselves, and expands their world of possibilities.” As Pennison points out, we all fail, but how we get up after we fail is what matters.

1. What aspect do most people focus on when thinking of failure?

A. The great courage to face it.

B. The efforts made to handle it.

C. Unexpected benefits it brings.

D. Unpleasant side effects it brings.

2. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?

A. Bring up the main topic.

B. List the challenges in our life.

C. Add some background information.

D. Stress the importance of the mindset

3. What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph?

A. The causes of children’s anxiety.

B. Christy Pennison’s comments on adolescents.

C. The consequences of overprotecting children.

D. Christy Pennison’s experience in educating children.

4. Which of the following advice can help parents encourage kids to face failure?

① Praise kids’ every achievement.

② Make kids embrace a bright mindset.

③ Focus on the process of kids’ effort.

④ Expand kids’ knowledge about the world.

⑤ Encourage kids to make new attempts.

A. ①②④ B. ②③④ C. ②③⑤ D. ①③⑤

Consider how difficult the idea of a patent was to a woman in the early 19th century. As daughters, their property belonged to their father; as wives, their property belonged to their husband. In a land where women could neither own goods nor enter into contracts with suppliers, it seemed impossible for women to apply for a patent.

But a woman in Connecticut named Mary Dixon Kies had an idea worth patenting. It came to her during a time of fashion emergence in the United States. In 1807, President Thomas Jefferson decided to ban the import of British goods. In the end, the official freeze in trade proved to be a disaster, causing exports to drop sharply.

Just 15 months of the ban forced the American fashion industry to turn inward. Now that New England couldn’t ship goods, it had to make them instead. Kies wasn’t the first woman to improve hat making at that time. A young girl named Besty Metcalf, who saw a straw hat in a store window that she couldn’t afford, went home and came up with a different technique to make her own. The hat idea turned New England into a hotbed of straw hat making.

Though Metcalt never patented her straw hat-making technique, when Kies came up with her idea she did. Her own method was to weave silk or thread into the straw, creating a pleasing appearance. One took advantage of a relatively new law, the 1790 Patent Act, which allowed all persons ask for protection of their original methods and designs, and got the first patent ever awarded to a woman on May 15, 1809.

Kies’ method took off and fueled the growing straw hat industry. When Lames Madison President that year, he sighed Kies’ patent and First lady Dolley Madison apparently was so taken with Kies’ creation that she wrote to her and congratulated her on helping women in the industry.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. Contract law.

B. Patent application.

C. Women’s status in the early 19th century.

D. Family conflicts in the early 19th century.

2. What did American fashion industry have to do around 1808?

A. Export raw materials.

B. Find financial support.

C. Improve its export trade.

D. Produce its own clothing.

3. What was the advantage of Kies hats over Metcalf’s?

A. They were more beautiful.

B. They were more eco-friendly.

C. They were much lighter.

D. They were much cheaper.

4. What was First Lady Dolley Madison’s attitude towards Kies’ creation?

A. Doubtful.   B. Admiring.   C. Disapproving.     D. Uninterested.

Cyndi Decker, a schoolteacher in Florida, had recently taken an art class and made a painting of a huge white bird called an egret(白鹭). Her proud son posted a photograph of Decker on Reddit, shyly holding her painting. Below it he wrote, “My mom painted this and said no one would like it.”

Then Kristoffer Zetterstrand, an artist in Sweden, saw the photo, deciding to pay respect to the teacher by painting Decker holding her painting. He even captured the shy look on her face. Zetterstrand photographed himself holding his painting of Decker holding her painting. He posted the image on Reddit. The caption for his photograph is “I painted somebody’s mom.” Two days later, Amer, a student in Canada, painted a picture of Zetterstrand holding his painting of Decker holding her painting. Her caption read , “I painted the guy who painted the other guy’s mom.” The artist Vince Law was the next to join in. The caption for his photo of his painting is “I painted the girl who painted the guy who painted the other guy’s mom who painted an egret.” Artist Travis Simpson continued the fun.

And it happened again and again and again!

By this time, more than one million people had seen the paintings and pictures of paintings on a number of social media websites. Many artists around the world jumped into the process, many at the same time.

“I was in fear I was going to read a lot of hateful comments. You all have proven me so wrong. I’m assuming most of you could be my kids, and you all get an unjust accusation in this world. You all are caring and a ton of fun! Thanks for uplifting me! You all have inspired me instead,” she wrote on Reddit.

1. How did people join in the painting?

A. By painting the same bird.

B. By means of sharing painting process.

C. By organizing voluntary painters on the Internet.

D. By painting the photo posted by the previous painter.

2. Which of the following best describes these participants?

A. Caring and fun. B. Ambitious and patient.

C. Demanding and stubborn. D. Considerate and cautious.

3. What can be learned from Decker’s words?

A. She was afraid of her painting skill.

B. Most of kids like non-photorealistic art form.

C. There exists language violence on the Internet.

D. She was instructed by the professionals.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. The Social Media Changed a Woman Art-lover

B. One Painting Started a Worldwide Painting Party

C. How the Painters Reacted to a Kid’s Hope

D. How a Woman Won the Respect of People

When Chery Hanbury stepped outside her home the morning after Hurricane Irma swept through her Bradenton, Florida, neighborhood, she expected to see a few of her neighbors out surveying the damage, too, and cleaning up debris. What she did not expect to see was an actual superhero at work.

But that’s exactly what she spotted when a man in a red and blue outfit using a chainsaw to cut a tree that had fallen across her road caught her attention. “I thought, OMG! Spider-Man!”she said. “I was shocked. I couldn’t believe what I was seeing.”

Hanbury called her family outside to see too, and her husband Alan was able to snap two pictures of the mysterious good Samaritan. “Spider-Man worked the tree, then swung off and jumped in his little black pickup with a friend and flew off,” said Hanbury. “I do not know why he was dressed as Spider-Man, nor do I know the name or identity of the masked man.”

Hanbury’s own two daughters, Ciara, 22, and Skye, 21, are grown, and most of the neighborhood withdrew before the storm, so unfortunately, no children were around to witness the Spider-Man in action. However, Hanbury said he was a welcome surprise and provided a laugh that lifted the spirits of those who experienced the scary storm. “It was a silver lining after waiting a long week for the hurricane to arrive,” she said. “People were terrified and exhausted.”

Thankfully, the hurricane wasn’t as bad as it was predicted for Hanbury’s area. “We still have lots of people without power, and my neighbors’ generators (发电机) are running at the moment. But for the most part, we just have high numbers of trees and power lines down with much debris, but everyone is safe! ”she said

Now that her photos are going viral(疯传), Hanbury hopes Spider-Man knows he is cheering the spirits of people in Bradenton and around the world. “To Spider-Man, I would like to say, ‘Thank you!’.” she said. “I’m glad we have real-life heroes. ''

1. What was out of Hanbury’s expectation?

A. The hurricane hit her home town suddenly.

B. Her neighbors were evaluating the losses.

C. A real-life hero was doing disaster relief work.

D. Her husband spotted a Spider-Man outdoors.

2. According to the passage, we can learn that    

A. many people managed to leave before the hurricane.

B. a Hanbury’s neighbor was dressed as Spider-Man.

C. the hurricane caused serious damage to the area.

D. the superhero wanted to give the children a surprise.

3. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggest?

A. Fortunately, the hurricane didn't arrive a week later as predicted.

B. After a long week's waiting people felt very tired and depressed.

C. People waited in line to welcome the Spider Man to help them.

D. The hero brought the victims of the hurricane positive energy.

4. Which can be the best title for the passage?

A. Hurricane Irma Sweeps Through Bradenton.

B. Real-life Spider-Man Shows up to Help after Hurricane.

C. Spider-Man Is Shot after Hurricane Irma.

D. Children Wish the Spider-Man to Give a Welcome Surprise.

As a child, Obaida Omar fled the enemy’s invasion of her native Afghanistan, walking for weeks through the mountains.

“During the day we had to hide in the villages because of the bombing,” said Omar, now a mother of three and Islamic Center of Rochester board member. “I walked on dead bodies. And up till today, it still troubles me a lot when I think back.”

Omar, who moved to the US around 13, provided first-hand experience last Saturday of what it means to be a child displaced by war as the keynote speaker at the “Dinner for Peace”, hosted by the Student Association for the Development of Arab Cultural Awareness.

About 250 guests attended the dinner, the proceeds of which will go to education for children affected by the Middle Eastern refugee crisis.

“Children did not create this conflict, but they are its greatest victims,” said Alanoud Alzaid, the group’s president, who gave the opening address at the dinner.

Junior Deema Abdo, co-founder of the non-profit Education for a Peaceful Middle East, helped explain the impact this dinner would have in the context of the Syrian refugee crisis.

“Tonight we have raised roughly $ 3,000 in profit, which means over 1,000 children can get the education they deserve,” she said. “Without you, tonight would not have been possible.”

The Yellow Jackets kicked the night off with a selection of lively songs, designed to entertain their audience.

The Sihir belly dancing group—an Arabic dance also performed, with pride and authority in their costumes of shining gold and bright coral colors.

“We’ve been planning this for two months now. It feels wonderful to see such an amazing turnout,” said Alzaid. “It reminds me that there is still humanity in each and every one of us.”

On the whole, the dinner was a success. The audience was also full of praise.

“It’s putting faces to the things we always hear about,” sophomore Gabby Stillman said. “It brings back that human element and makes you remember that we’re all the same.”

1. What still makes Omar afraid till now?

A. Sheltering from enemy's bombing.

B. Having a hard life with three kids.

C. Fleeing for safety over dead bodies.

D. Walking in mountains in her childhood.

2. What does the underlined word “proceeds” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. Obtained money.

B. Donated equipment.

C. Supported action.

D. Conserved energy.

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The outcome of the party is no better than expected.

B. The costumes of the performers help to convey Arab cultural awareness.

C. The move contributes to restoring public confidence in the US economy.

D. The children from Middle East and those in America receive the same help.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Night witnesses generosity and humanity among the US guests.

B. Students make joint efforts to help set up a peaceful Middle East.

C. Dinner raises money for children displaced by Middle East Conflict.

D Children receive voluntary donations from many American charities.

Sabine Island, near Greenland, was first discovered by the British geographer Sir Edward Sabine in 1823, but an 1869 map showed it was actually a quarter of a mile farther west than its discoverer had mapped. This interested Alfred Wegener, a young geographer working in Greenland in 1910. He thought the error too great to be explained.

   Wegener himself took measurements and found that since 1869 the island had moved another five-eighths of a mile. After checking the position of other Arctic landmasses, he concluded that all of them were drifting (漂移) westward at different speeds.

From this finding, Wegener developed his floating continent theory. He imagined an original super-continent making up the infant(未成年的) earth, finally the mass broke up into several pieces — the present continents. The continents do seem to fit together like pieces of a puzzle, and what’s more , some of the mountain ranges (山脉) of different continents lime up rather well, as if the landmasses were at one time connected. However, believable as Wegener’s argument appeared, many geographers refused to accept it. Exactly how the continents were formed is still a leading mystery (谜) in geography, though today many geographers are returning to the continental drift theory.

1. Sabine Island was first discovered and mapped by _____.

  A. Alfred Wegener              B. a British geographer 

C. geographers of Greenland      D. the map makers of 1869   

2. The 1869 map showed that _____.

 A. Sabine Island was moving constantly

  B. Sir Edward Sabine had made a mistake.

 C. Sabine Island was farther away from Greenland

  D. Sabine Island was farther west than its discoverer had mapped.

3. Wegener’s discovery led him to conclude that _______.

  A. both the two earlier maps were in error

  B. Sabine Island was one part of Greenland

  C. the Arctic landmasses were slowly drifting westward

  D. all the continents were drifting slowly away from one another

4. From the passage we can conclude that ______.

  A. Wegener had a true scientific attitude

  B. Wegener liked to make things for granted

  C. how the continents were formed is found out

  D. the continental drift theory needs further testing

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