微专题--并列句 讲义 (考点清单+精讲+好题回顾) 2022届高考英语语法精讲精练 （教师版+学生版）

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2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（并列句）教师版 考点清单一、并列关系要点精讲1：并列连词and连接两个或两个以上动词、名词、形容词、副词、动名词或介词短语等，形成“A and B”, “A, B and C”结构。此考点在语法填空、短文改错频繁考查，请予以高度重视。例1：Tony was scared and began to cry.例2：A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.例3：The fruits are small in size, but juicy and tasty.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _________ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed.2. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _________(buy)some bananas and visited her cousin. 3. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _______ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.4. (2017•全国III)This included digging up the road, ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.5. (2019•北京)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and __________(meaning)college experience.【答案与解析】1. and。空格前后是两个简单句，逻辑上构成并列关系。故答案是and。2.bought。这里是“A, B and C”结构，三个谓语动词并列，形式保持一致，故答案是bought。3. and。这里是四个名词并列作介词宾语。故答案是and。4. laying。这里是“A, B and C”结构，三个动名词并列，形式保持一致，故答案是laying。5. meaningful。这里是“A and B”结构，两个形容词并列，形式保持一致，故答案是meaningful。要点精讲2：并列连词and用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，表示顺承关系。注意有时祈使句省略动词，变成“名词短语+and+陈述句”。例4：Stand over there and you will see the oil painting better.例5：A bit more effort and you will make great progress. 例6：Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident.【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。6. Find ways to praise your children often, _____ you'll find they will open their hearts to you.7. One more hour _______ I’ll get the work finished.8. Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs ______ you could have problems.【答案与解析】6. and。这是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，表示前后顺承关系。故答案是and。7. and。这是“名词短语+and+陈述句”结构，表示前后顺承关系。故答案是and。8. or。这是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构，or表示“否则，要不的话”。故答案是or。要点精讲3：both…and…表示“不但……而且……”。not only…but (also)…表示“不但……而且……”，also可以省略。注意连接并列主语，谓语遵循就近一致；若not only…but (also)…连接两个并列分句且not only位于句首，前一分句部分倒装后一分句不倒装，即“前倒后不倒”。例7：A frog can live both on land and in water. 例8： Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.例9：Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。9. Not only has the activity developed our creative thinking, ________it has strengthened our sense of responsibility.10. Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also ________(give) us a sense of fair play and team spirit.【答案与解析】9. but。not only…but (also)…表示“不但……而且……”，also可以省略。故答案是but。10. gives。not only…but (also)…这里连接并列谓语，Playing football作主语，谓语用单数。故答案是gives。考点清单二、转折关系要点精讲1：连词but, yet连接两个分句，前后句在逻辑上构成转折关系。注意although, although, as引导的倒装句不能与but连用。例10：The composition is all right, but there is room for improvement. 例11：Though the composition is all right, there is room for improvement. 例12：The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。11. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _____ their education that causes misunderstanding.12. Most importantly, remember the following old rule: try to eat different foods, ________not too much.13. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.【答案与解析】11. but。本句含有not..but…句型，表示“不是……而是……”。故答案是but。12. but/yet。后半句意为：尝试吃不同食品，但是不能吃太多。故答案是but/yet。13. 去掉but。although, although, as引导的倒装句不能与but连用。故答案是去掉but。要点精讲2：while/whereas还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”, whereas比较正式。例13：I like black coffee while he prefers it with milk.例14：Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not.【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。14. I do every single bit of housework ________ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. 15. Some people never seem to put on weight________ others are always on a diet.【答案与解析】14. while/whereas。while/whereas还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”。故答案是while/whereas。15. while/whereas。while/whereas还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”。故答案是while/whereas。考点清单三、选择关系要点精讲：or,  either...or..., not...but.., neither…nor…引导并列句，前后两个分句为选择关系。例15：But the river wasn't changed in a few days or even a few months.例16：Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.例17：The main problem is not that the water is too hot, but that it is not clean.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。16. Would you like a cup of coffee ________ shall we get down to business right away? 17. It is often said that the joy of traveling is ______ in arriving at your destination ______ in the journey itself.  18. It was an extremely dark, lonely country road. Neither a single person ______ any traffic was in sight at all.19. (2019•浙江6月) When the children are walking or ________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.【答案与解析】16. or。该句意为：你想喝杯茶呢还是立即谈正事呢？前后句逻辑上构成选择关系。故答案是or。17. not, but。本句含有not…but…句型，表示“不是……而是……”。故答案是not, but。18. nor。本句含有neither…nor…句型，表示“既不……也不……”。故答案是nor。19. cycling。本句or引导并列谓语，形式上应保持一致。故答案是cycling。考点清单四、因果关系for, so表因果关系，for连接的分句一般不放在句首。例18：I apologized to her, for I had wronged her. 【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。20. (2017•北京) —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem.21. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.22. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _______ plants can spread to new places.【答案与解析】20. so。句意：---彼得，请给我们邮寄明信片，这样我们就知道你参观哪些地方。---不成问题。前后句逻辑上是因果关系。故答案是so。21. for。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我见识了昨天，因为我喜欢今天。for表示原因。故答案是for。22. so。句意：一些动物把种子从一地带到另一地方，于是种子就传播到新地方。so表示结果。故答案是so。考点清单五、when并列句when可用作并列连词，相当于 and at this// that time，意为“正在这/那时；突然”，用于下列句式：①had just done sth. when....表示“刚做完某事，这时发生另一件事”；②was/were doing sth. when....表示“某人正在做某事，这时发生另一件事”；③was/were about to do sth. when... 表示“某人正要做某事，这时发生另一件事”；④was/were on the point of doing sth...when...表示“某人正要做某事, 这时发生另一件事”。例19：We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 例20：He was about to go out when the telephone rang. 例21：He had just finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。23. He was about to go to bed ________ there was a knock on the door.24. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away______ my daughter beard cries for help. 25. I had hardly got to the office ______ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.【答案与解析】23. when。这是was/were about to do sth. when...句型。故答案是when。24. when。这是was/were about to do sth. when...句型。故答案是when。25. when。这是hardly…when…句型，注意主句用过去完成时。故答案是when。 好题再练（一）高考真题【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2021•全国甲)We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky         ________did the job. 2. (2021•新高考全国)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.3. (2020•全国III)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ________ (point) down the river.4. (2020•新高考全国)They kept their collection at home until it got too big _______ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.5. (2020•浙江1月) It isn’t just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier _______ more productive for longer. 6. (2020•浙江6月)Although Mary loved flowers, ________she nor her husband was known as a gardener.7. (2020•浙江6月) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ________         (sell) most of their furniture. 8. (2020•浙江1月)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ________ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.9. (2019•全国II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years. I work not because I have to, ________ because I want to.”10. (2019•全国III)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.【答案】1. but 2. and 3. pointed 4. or 5.and 6. neither 7. sold 8. and 9. but 10. recommended  好题再练（二）模拟试题【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。11. I didn’t get enough sleep ________ I didn’t feel very well this morning. 12. I was about to leave my house ________ the phone rang.13. One more week, ________we will accomplish the task better. 14. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ________ his eyesight was beginning to fail.15. Children who can see and hear learn language easily, ________ for Helen, it was a gradual and sometimes painful process.16. It was time for her to have a new baby, ________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.17. One day, the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.18. We were told that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, ________ for the week after.19. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables ________ high quality oil are using for cooking.20. It's not easy to change habits, ______ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.【答案】11. so 12. when 13. and 14. for 15. but 16. and 17. when 18. but 19. and 20. but 好题再练（三）单句改错【即时训练】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21. (2021•全国乙) I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whenever necessary.22. (2020•全国Ⅰ) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.  23. (2020•全国IⅠ) Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice.     24. (2020•全国III) In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.25. (2019•全国I) Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.26. (2019•全国Ⅱ) When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. 27. (2018•全国Ⅰ) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.28. (2018•全国Ⅲ) Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.29. (2017•全国Ⅰ) Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.30. (2017•全国Ⅲ) I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.【答案】21. tidying改为tidy 22. but改为and 23. for改为but 24. 去掉and 25. but改为and 26. or改为and 27. but改为and 28. and改为or 29. so改为but 30. and改为but