微专题--动词不定式 讲义 (考点清单+精讲+好题回顾) 2022届高考英语语法精讲精练 （教师版+学生版）

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2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（动词不定式）学生版 考点清单一、不定式作主语  要点精讲：1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-to do短语作主语(谓语用单数)。3.常考句型It is+ adj. +of / for sb to do sth 结构；It takes sb. time to do sth.等。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. It took years of work _____________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.2. It’s important for the figures _____________(update) regularly.3. When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown. 考点清单二、不定式作宾语 要点精讲1：只接to do作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的--manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。4. They failed _____________(grasp) the importance of his words.5. She never seemed ________(care) what the rest of us thought about her. 要点精讲2：接to do/doing意义不同的动词：妙记--frogshmt青蛙聪明--forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6. If you think that treating a woman well means always ________(get) her permission for things, think again.7. --Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (close) it.8. I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 9. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. 考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语要点精讲1：see类动词(不定式作宾补省to):巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉--notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。10. With the world changing fast, we have something new      (deal) with by ourselves every day.要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接to do后作宾补) warn, tell, ask, persuade, expect等。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11. Passengers are permitted ___________(carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.12. Energy drinks are not allowed ____________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. 要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。13. With a lot of difficult problems ___________(solve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.14. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __________(follow) in a year.要点精讲4：be said类动词：be said/believed/reported/known to do类句型，可以转化为It is said that…【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。15. Robert is said _____________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. 16. Police are searching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area.考点清单四、不定式作定语  要点精讲1：不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。17. The meeting___________(hold)now/_______(hold)yesterday/_________(hold)tomorrow is very important.18. The airport _____________(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.19. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the boy, saying that he was not the one         (blame).考点清单五、不定式作状语要点精讲1：不定式作目的状语，多用于to do, so as to do, in order to do结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，位于句末前边不能有逗号。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。20. The local government has done everything it can __________(save) the buried miners.21. _______(accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.22. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there            (train) for a space flight.要点精讲2：不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to, enough to do, only to do, so…as to, such as to等结构。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。23. He hurried to the station, only ____________(inform) that the train had left. 24. Would you be so kind as_____________ (carry) the luggage for me?25. Now I’m brave enough ____________(stand) up and answer the question.要点精讲3：不定式用于be+ adj+to do构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。26. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _________ (breathe). 27. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier __________ (break) into small pieces.考点清单六、不定式作表语 要点精讲：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语有实义动词do,作表语的不定式可省to。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。28. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _____(see) whether they will enjoy it.29. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____________(not, make) it more difficult.考点清单七、不定式的省略 要点精讲1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；【即时训练】单句改错或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。30. The librarian will let you to know when the book has returned. 改错31. He was observed ________________(enter) the office silently.要点精讲2：下列句型常省略to：may as well do sth; had better do, do nothing but do sth; can’t help but do sth. Why not do sth? prefer to do…rather than do sth, would rather do…than do…等。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。32. Rather than ______(ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers　_______(ride) a bicycle. 33.-- I usually go there by train.---Why not ____________(try, go) by boat for a change?34. I lost my keys in the office so I could do nothing but to wait for my mother. 改错要点精讲3：在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意，不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。【即时训练】单句改错。35. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to do.  36. As we all know, China is no longer the country it used to.  考点清单八、不定式的否定式、完成式和被动式 （以动词find为例）内容主动语态被动语态否定式一般式to findto be foundnot to find完成式to have foundto have been foundnot to have found【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。37. The boy pretended _____________(read) the book when the teacher came in.38. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ___________(hear). 39. He got up early this morning so as _____________(miss)the early train.40. The engine just won't start. Something seems __________(go) wrong with it. 好题再练（一）高考真题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. (2021全国乙) Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim ________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.2. (2020全国I) Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 _______ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.3. (2020全国II) Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ________ (care) for and make great presents.4. (2020全国III)The next morning he hired a boat and set out _________ (find) the well-known painter.5. (2020浙江) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology ________ (change) lives.6. (2020天津改编)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection _________ (promote) economic growth.7. (2019江苏改编) __________(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.8. (2019全国I) Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area.9. (2019全国III) On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take __________ (get)there.10. (2019浙江) One study in America found that students' grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want __________ (wear) the uniform. 好题再练（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11. (2018天津改编) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help__________(try) it.12. (2017全国III) Sarah, who has taken part in shows, wants______(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.13. After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on         (thank) all the people who had helped in her career.14. Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds __________(keep) away.15. The latest information confirms my belief that he is_____________(blame) for the accident.16. They are talking about what they will bring to the party ___________(hold) this weekend.   17. I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________(make)matters worse, it began to rain.18. __________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.  19. With a large amount of work remain ________(do), the engineer couldn’t spare time for a holiday..20. The novel is believed to _________________(translate) into ten foreign languages so far. 好题再练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21. We’d better not to miss the chance to enjoy the play. 22. It is considerate for him to inform me of the date for the meeting.23. There are five pairs to choose, but I'm at a loss which to buy. 24. It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness to make.25. That’s the only way we can imagine reduce the overuse of water in bathrooms. 26. There were many talented actors out there just waiting to discover. 27. I would love to go to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report28. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears to have told everything. 29. She left her hometown with her beloved man, never return.30. ---Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.---Sorry. With so much work fill my mind, I almost break down.