微专题--名词性从句 讲义 (考点清单+精讲+好题回顾) 2022届高考英语语法精讲精练 （教师版+学生版）

2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（名词性从句）教师版

考点清单一、that和what

要点精讲：①that是连词，只起连接作用，不作句子成分。②what是连接代词，既起连接作用，又充当句子主语、宾语、定语等。③特别注意what的替代功能，相当于the thing/time/place/speed that…。

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

1. ___________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.

2. Experts believe ___________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

3. Wisdom is to the mind ________ health is to the body.

4. After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in ________later proved a new continent. 

5. It is not always easy for the public to see ___________ use a new invention can be of to human life.

【答案与解析】

1. What。主语从句缺少引导词和主语，只能用what。故答案是What。

2. that。宾语从句不缺少主语和宾语，只需要引导词。故答案是that。

3. what。A is to B what C is to D是固定句型，表示类比。知识之于头脑正如健康对于身体一样（重要）。故答案是what。

4. what。介词之后是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词和主语。故答案是what。

5. what。本句中what作use的定语，be of use to…意为“对……有用”。故答案是what。

考点清单二、if和whether

要点精讲：if是连词，表示“是否”，引导宾语从句；表示“如果”，引导时间状语从句；whether是连词，表示“是否”，用于下列情况：①引导主语从句且位于句首；②引导表语从句；③引导同位语从句；④引导宾语从句且与 or not直接连用；⑤与不定式连用；⑥位于介词之后。

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

6. The question is         the film is worth seeing.

7. I don’t think the question of________ they are old or young is important.

8. He doesn't know ________ to stay or not.

9. The question came up at the meeting ________we had enough money for our research.

10. I don't know ________ they will come for our help or not.

11. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

【答案与解析】

6. whether。whether引导表语从句，if不可以。故答案是whether。

7. whether。whether从句位于介词之后，if不可以。故答案是whether。

8. whether。whether与不定式连用，if不可以。故答案是whether。

9. whether。whether引导同位语从句，if不可以。故答案是whether。

10. if/whether。if和whether都可以引导宾语从句。故答案是if/whether。

11. whether。whether引导主语从句，if不可以。故答案是whether。

考点清单三、what和how

要点精讲：what是感叹形容词，中心词是名词；how是感叹副词，后接形容词或副词。

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

12. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _______ close you may be to victory.

13. Sorry I’m so late, but you cannot imagine _____great trouble I took to find your house.

14. You can hardly imagine ______ excited he was when he heard the news.

15. _______some teenagers don't realize is _______difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.

【答案与解析】

12. how。how是感叹副词，后接形容词。故答案是how。

13. what。what是感叹形容词，中心词是名词。故答案是what。

14. how。how是感叹副词，后接形容词。故答案是how。

15. What; how。第一空是主语从句，缺少引导词和宾语；第二空how是感叹副词，后接形容词difficult。故答案是What; how。

考点清单四、wh- ever类

要点精讲：①-ever引导词既引导让步状语从句（可以与no matter wh-结构替换），又引导名词性从句（二者不可替换）。②whatever强调内容，相当于anything that，多作主语、宾语; whichever强调特定范围内的选择，多作主语、宾语、定语。whoever引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who，在从句作主语。whomever引导名词性从句，在从句作宾语。however引导让步状语从句，后接形容词或副词。

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

16. The map is one of the best tools a man has __________he goes to a new place.

17. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _____ he could find about Mark Twain.

18. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose __________suits you best.

19. Please give the magazine to ___________it belongs to.

20. ___________well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.

21. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _________ had used the products.

【答案与解析】

16. whenever。whenever引导让步状语从句，表示“无论何时”。故答案是whenever。

17. whatever。whatever强调内容，相当于anything that，多作主语、宾语。故答案是whatever。

18. whichever。whichever强调特定范围内的选择，多作主语、宾语、定语。故答案是whichever。

19. whomever。介词to之后是宾语从句，belong to后面缺少宾语。故答案是whomever。

20. However。however引导让步状语从句，后接形容词或副词。故答案是However。

21. whoever。ask sb for suggestions表示“征求某人建议”，后面宾语从句缺少主语。故答案是whoever。

考点清单五、同位语从句

要点精讲：①同位语从句常放在fact, news, truth, doubt, belief, thought, problem等词后面，对名词做进一步解释说明，连接词只能用that，且不能省略。②注意：have no idea后面接who, what, when等wh-类连接词。

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

22. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.

23. The notice came around two in the afternoon _____ the meeting would be postponed.

24. Evidence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.

25. —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?

—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favourite universities.

26. There is no doubt ______ teachers play an important role in children's growth.

【答案与解析】

22. that。连词that引导同位语从句对名词belief起解释说明作用。故答案是that。

23. that。连词that引导同位语从句对名词notice起解释说明作用。故答案是that。

24. that。连词that引导同位语从句对名词Evidence起解释说明作用。故答案是that。

25. why。have no idea后面可以是what, who, when等连接词，取决于语境。故答案是why。

26. that。There is no doubt that…表示“毫无疑问的是”，that引导同位语从句。故答案是that。

考点清单六、it作形式主语/宾语

要点精讲：it用作形式主语，多用于It is +形容词/过去分词+that…从句；用作形式宾语，多用于动词+it+形容词/名词+that…从句。

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

27. It doesn’t matter _____ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

28. It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.

29. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious__________ the problem itself is.

30. _____is known to us all that the 2022 Olympic Winter Games will take place in Beijing.

31. It suddenly occurred to him ___________he had left his keys in the office.

32. You may depend on ___________that all goods will be shipped abroad in time.

【答案与解析】

27. whether。whether引导主语从句，it是形式主语。故答案是whether。

28. what。by no means表示“决不，无论如何也不”，因此后面what作动词do的宾语。故答案是what。

29. where。where引导表语从句，表示“问题本身在哪里”。故答案是where。

30. It。It is known to all that…是常用句型，表示“众所周知……”。故答案是It。

31. that。It occurred to sb that…表示“某人突然想到”，it是形式主语。故答案是that。

32. it。depend on it that….是固定句型，表示“相信……”。故答案是it。

考点清单七、虚拟语气与名词性从句

要点精讲：①一二三四类(一坚持insist二命令order, command三建议advise, suggest, recommend四要求demand, desire, require, request)动词及其派生来的名词(order, command, advice, suggest, requirement等)后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。②因时而变类(I wish that…, I would rather that…, It looks as if…)从句表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

33. Eye doctors recommend a child’s first eye exam _______(be) at the age of six months old.

34. My suggestion was that he____________(go) to the cinema with us.

35. Her pale face suggested that she _______(be) ill and her father suggested she _________(see) a doctor.

36. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he         (do) something instead of just talking.   

37. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_________(focus) more on its culture.

38. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it ___________(break).

【答案与解析】

33. (should) be。recommend that….表示“推荐，建议”，接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should) be。故答案是(should) be。

34. (should) go。suggestion, requirement等名词后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should) go。

35. was; (should) see。前半句suggested表示“暗示，表明”，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气，即与主句时态呼应应用一般过去时；第二空表示“建议”， 接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是was; (should) have。

36. did/(should) do。It is high/about time that..后面常用did或should do, should不能省，意为“早该……”。故答案是did/should do。故答案是did/(should) do。

37. focused。I would rather that…从句与与现在、将来相反都用一般过去时。本句显然是与将来事实相反。故答案是focused。

38. were broken。it look as if…表示“看起来好像……”，从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时；结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是were broken。

考点清单八、名词性从句时态照应

要点精讲：主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态；若从句表示客观事实或真理，则从句时态不变。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

39. Our teacher once told me light _________(travel) much faster than sound.

40. Did you predict that many students ____________(sign) up for the dance competition?

41. After school we went to the reading-room, only to be told that it _________________(decorate).

42. George said that he _____________(come) to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t.

43. When Alice came to herself, she did not know how long she ______________(lie) there.

【答案与解析】

39. travels。若从句表示客观事实或真理，即使主句是一般过去时从句时态也不变。故答案是travels。

40. would sign。Did you predict暗示从句用过去将来时。故答案是would sign。

41. was being decorated。结合语境从句应用过去进行时表示当时的行为。故答案是was being decorated。

42. would come。the next day暗示将要发生，结合主句时态该用过去将来时。故答案是would come。

43. had been lying。结合语境应用过去完成进行时表示说话之前的行为。故答案是had been lying。

好题再练（一）高考真题

【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。

1. (2021·新高考全国) ________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.

2. (2021·天津改编)What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.

3. (2020·江苏改编)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.

4. (2020·江苏改编)It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.

5. (2020·天津改编)The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.

6. (2020·北京)Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them ______you can join in when it's possible.

7. (2020·浙江)Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________  could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

8. (2019·全国I) While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ________  they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.

9. (2019·江苏改编) Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.

10. (2018·全国III) I’m not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.

【答案】

1. What 2. why 3. whatever 4. whether 5. what 6. if/whether 7. what 8. that 9. that 10. which

好题再练（二）模拟试题

在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

11. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ________I disagree.

12. Education is ________remains when we have forgotten all we have been taught.

13. I wonder ________it is that prevented him from coming to school every day.

14. The police will reward __________they think provides useful information to catch the robber.

15. The shocking news made me realize _______terrible problems we would face.

16. _________team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

17. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

18. It is strongly urged that the meeting___________(delay) till next weekend.

19. Having checked the doors were closed, and _____ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.

20. As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

【答案】

11. where 12. what 13. what 14. whoever 15. what 16. Whichever 17. It 18. should be delayed 19. that 20. how

好题再练（三）单句改错

下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。

21. (2018·北京改编) This is that my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.

22. (2018·天津改编) The gold medal will be awarded to whomever wins the first place in the bicycle race.

23. (2018·江苏改编) By boat is the only way to get here, which is where we arrived.

24. (2018·全国II) I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people.

25. (2017·江苏改编) We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of which it used to charge.

26. (2017·全国II) The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.

27. (2017·北京改编)  Every year, who makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

28. (2017·天津改编) She asked me when I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.

29. (2016·北京改编) The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is what one can be entirely free from dust.

30. (2016·北京改编) Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing that where she was heading.

【答案】

21. that改为what 22. whomever改为whoever 23. where改为how 24. 去掉that 25. which改为what 26. where改为when 27. who改为whoever 28. when改为if/whether 29. what改为 that 30. 去掉that

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