第3讲+快速攻克句法和逻辑错误+2022届高考英语二轮复习+短文改错专项精准讲练讲义

高考英语二轮复习短文改错专项讲练

第三讲 快速攻克句法和逻辑错误

◎1. 主谓一致错误

1. 判断主谓语是关键:可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数；动名词doing、to do不定式、名词性从句或不定代词做主语, 谓语动词一般用第三人称单数; 就近原则：not only A but also B/Either A or B/neither A nor B作主语谓语动词要与B 保持一致; there be A and B中be与A保持一致；就远原则：A along with / together with /as well as /including /but /except B 作主语谓语动词要和A保持一致; 倒装句中要找出句子的主语再判断谓语动词单复数; 定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。

1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.

2.(2021年 高三联考) Learning  a foreign language take us lots of time.

3.(2021 年高三联考) Not only John but also I are going to Shanghai next week.

3. (2021年惠州市高三模拟) I, together with my parents and cousins, were planning to have a fantastic beach day.

4. (2020年长春外国语学校质检)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.

2. 辨别附加成分是难点：对于分割现象，可以用删减原则：从整体把握主干，去掉句中的插入语、非谓语动词、定语从句等分割干扰成分，使句子结构简化，一目了然。

1. (2021年模考题)Various performances, including dancing and singing, was shown during the festival. (改错)

2.（2021年天一大联考改编题) China, which is recognized widely as the hometown of tea, gain a big reputation of tea planting....

◎2. 从句连词使用错误

1. 定语从句引导词有关系代词和关系副词，从句中缺成分用关系代词that/which/who/whom(宾格)/whose，若从句不缺成分用关系副词when(先行词是时间)/where(先行词是地点)/why(先行词是reason)；what不能作定语从句引导词；非限定定语从句不能用that /what等引导。

1. (2020 年全国Ⅱ卷) Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.

2. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷) Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.

3. (2019年全国I卷) One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

4. (2018年全国 I卷) They also had a small pond which they raise fish.

2. 名词性从句引导词有: that (不作任何成分, 只起引导作用, 后跟完整的陈述句宾语从句中可省略); whether/if(表是否, 后跟完整的陈述句); 特殊疑问词（关系代词：what/which/who/whose 在句中做成分; 关系副词:when/ where/ how/why 后跟完整的句子）。

1. (2016年全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.

2. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.

3  (2012年全国Ⅰ卷) For a while, my parents bought me new toys. But before long, they began to see which was happening.

4. (2020年惠州高三模拟) Though we didn’t have a clear picture of how it would look like, we simply enjoyed ourselves.

3. 状语从句连词主要包括 when/while/as soon as/since/before/after; where; because /as /since; so/such...that; if/in case/unless; though/although 等。状语从句常考的有so...that/such...that(如此...以至于, 引导结果状语从句) , so that (以便于, 引导目的状语从句)的误用; though/although不能和 but 连用, 但可以和 yet 连用; because/since 不能和 so 连用等。

1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.

2. (2016 年全国Ⅰ卷)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.

3. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)He turned around and found where his parents were missing.

◎3. 并列连词使用错误

1. 常考的并列连词有：and; both ...and ...；not only ... but (also) ...; neither ...nor ...等表示顺承或递进关系；but; yet; while 等表示对比或转折关系；or; either ...or ...; not ...but ...表示选择关系；for, so表示因果关系。常考or与and的误用; and与but的误用；so与but 的误用等。

1. (2020 年全国Ⅰ卷) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.

2. (2017 年全国Ⅲ卷) I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.

2. 也要注意考状语或状语从句和主句之间多加并列连词或并列句少加并列连词的情况，这样的句法错误很难发现。

1. (2020 年全国Ⅲ卷) In order to make sure all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us.

2. (2021年高三联考) If you work hard, and you will make great progress.

3. (自编题) Work hard, you will make great progress.

◎4. 代词使用错误

1. 关注代词误用常考类型：指代人称不一致; 代词的性别不一致；代指单复数不一致；代词的格与文章的逻辑意义不一致；反身代词误用；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词混淆; 形容词性物主代词的少用等。

1. (2021年全国乙卷)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly,.. That’s our view on housework.

2. (2020 2卷) Best of luck with yours learning Kong fu in China.

3. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷) From then on, I started to play my football with classmates  after school.

4. (2019 3卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.

2. 牢记下列不定代词的用法:many 和 much 的误用; few/a few 和 little/a little 的误用；all 和both 的误用；other 与 another 误用等；some 和 any的误用；neither 和 either 的误用。

1. (2017年全国Ⅱ卷) Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.

 2. (2009 年全国新课标) I’ m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.

3. (2021·银川质量检测)What’s more, I’ll be able to tell students from another countries about China and learn about their countries as well.  

◎真题演练

(1)

When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life．

(2)

When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days．