选修8 Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-2022高考英语一轮复习【名师导航】配套Word教参(外研版·老教材老高考)
展开这是一份选修8 Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-2022高考英语一轮复习【名师导航】配套Word教参(外研版·老教材老高考)，共13页。
□leap n． □joint adj. □Mars n． □Jupiter n． □Aldebaran n． □probe n． □Saturn n． □shuttle n． □planet n． □ultraviolet adj. □random adj. □backwards adv. □knight n． □tension n． | □autonomous adj. □authority n． □swear v． □avenge v． □latter n． □grasp n． □glory n． □division n． □airspace n． □motherland n． □abstract adj. □foresee v． □destiny n． □aid n． | □broad adj. □sympathy n． □commitment n． □ought v． □consistent adj. □faith n． □rational adj. □dignity n． □pray v． □holy adj. □acute adj. □stable adj. □supreme adj. □scholar n． | □consult v． □whilst conj. □arguably adv. □dramatic adj. □invasion n． □alien n． □impact n． □inescapable adj. □vanguard n． □underway adj. □hysteria n． □newsflash n． □mounting adj. |
1．(2020·浙江卷)By 9: 33 a．m., a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. 一阵
2．(2020·江苏卷)And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the commitment Wilson made to preventing the preventable. 奉献
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. 理解力
4．(2018·江苏卷)To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious disease.There was no cure, only pain relief. 缓解；减轻
5．(2017·江苏卷)However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes. 曲调
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词 | 语境运用 |
1．historic adj.历史性的，有重大历史意义的 2．tune v．收看(电视)；收听(广播) 3．witness v．目击，亲眼看见；亲身经历 4．burst v．爆炸 5．view v．看，观察 6．decade n．十年 7．acknowledge v．承认；认为 8．deed n．行为 9．defeat n．失败 10．accuse v．指责 11．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛 12．deliberately adv.蓄意地，故意地 | 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing(witness) their mother earn her degree. 2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Those viewing(view) the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. 3．(2019·浙江卷)We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades(decade) ago when parents tended to be more strict. 4．(2018·天津卷)I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated(defeat)． 5．There are many good deeds(deed) in our class, indeed in the whole school. |
派生单词 | 语境运用 |
1．accustom v．使习惯于→accustomed adj.习惯的 2．assume v．假定，假设→assuming conj.假定，如果→assumption n．假定，假设 3．patient adj.耐心的n.病人→patience n．耐心→patiently adv.耐心地 4．advance v．& n．前进；进展→advanced adj.高级的，先进的 5．depend v．依靠；取决于→dependent adj.依赖的→dependence n．依赖，依靠→independence n．独立 6．relief n．安慰；宽慰→relieve v．安慰；宽慰 7．devote v．致力于→devoted adj.忠诚的→devotion n．忠诚 8．observe v．观察→observation n．观察；监视 | 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．Although the patient was out of patience, the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently．(patient) 2．At first, Anne totally depended on Jack, her husband.After many years of struggle, she gained her independence and now she is dependent on herself to lead a new life.(depend) 3．It was first assumed that he was the murderer, but later it turned out to be a false assumption．(assume) 4．With the help of the advanced technology, we can complete the task in advance．(advance) 5．Mr. Black is my devoted friend.He devotes his life to doing scientific research.I respect his devotion to science.(devote) |
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语 | 语境运用 |
1．in spite of 不管；尽管 2．at the very beginning of 在……一开始 3．be accustomed to 习惯于 4．accuse sb.of doing sth. 指责某人某事 5．pray for 祈望；祈求 6．make/have an impact on 对……有影响 | 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。 Tom used to be a bad boy.He ①was accustomed to doing some things that he shouldn't have done.②In spite of the fact that he ③was accused of looking down upon the disabled person in public, he turned a deaf ear to it, which ④made a bad ⑤impact on the other students in his class.After his headteacher's patient teaching, he became a good boy finally. |
7．set out 开始做；着手进行 8．be similar to 与……相似 9．a series of 一系列的；一连串的 10．break out 爆发 11．(be) aware of 意识到，明白 12．result in 导致，引起 13．make it 成功，及时到达 | 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。 Tsunamis (海啸) are ⑥a series of huge waves created by an underground movement such as earthquake or a volcanic eruption.A tsunami can travel hundreds of miles per hour in the open ocean and hit the land with huge waves.A movement of the ocean floor, caused by earthquakes, most often ⑦results in tsunamis.If a tsunami occurs close to a coast, the first wave could reach the beach in a few minutes, even before you ⑧are aware of it. |
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1．seem to have done sth.似乎做了某事 By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space. | 这个名字好耳熟，好像我听老师提到过。 The name sounds so familiar.I seem to have heard it mentioned by my teacher. |
2.no＋比较级＋than...表示“和……一样不……” The world was in shock—maybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane. | 两个故事我都不喜欢，因为这个故事和那个故事一样无趣。 I like neither of the two stories, for this story is no more interesting than that one. |
3.as引导让步状语从句。 Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that... | 虽然这部手机很便宜，但因为过时了，很多人不愿意买它。 Cheap as this mobile phone is, many people refuse to buy it because it's out of date. |
1．accustomed adj.习惯的；通常的，惯常的
(1)be accustomed to (doing)sth.习惯于做某事(状态)
get/become accustomed to (doing)sth.习惯于做某事(动作)
(2)accustom vt.使习惯于
accustom oneself to (doing)sth.使自己习惯于(做)某事
take his accustomed seat by the fire 坐在火炉旁他常坐的座位上
a person accustomed to having eight hours' sleep a night 一个习惯每晚睡8小时的人
accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations 使自己适应所有新的规章制度
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become accustomed(accustom)．
②Having lots of interesting things to do, I finally got accustomed to enjoying(enjoy) my school life.
③To breathe in more fresh air, you must accustom to getting up early. accustom后加yourself
[链接写作]——一句多译
我习惯于生活在乡村，总是觉得生活在城市很困难。
①Accustomed to living in the country, I always find it hard to live in the city.(过去分词短语作状语)
②Accustoming myself to living in the country, I always find it hard to live in the city.(现在分词短语作状语)
2．assume v．假设，假定，认为；承担；假装
[高考原句·2019·江苏卷]We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better.
[一词多义]——写出下列句中assume的含义
①(2019·江苏卷)We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. 假定
②He promises to assume the responsibility if the task can't be completed on time. 承担
③The look of innocence she assumed had us all fooled. 假装
(1)assume that...假定，认为……
it is assumed(that)... 普遍认为……
assume...to be...认为……是……；假定……是……
assume duty/responsibility 承担责任
(2)assuming that 假定……(作状语)
(3)assumption n．假定，假设
assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty
在他被证明有罪之前，假定他是无辜的
assume the responsibility for it 为此承担责任
assuming that you are right 假定你是对的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the assumption(assume) you've made.
②Assuming(assume) that he isn't that lucky, what shall we do to comfort him?
③Where unemployment and crime are high, we can assume of the latter is due to the former. 去掉of
[链接写作]——词汇升级
普通表达：If there wasn't the hard work of the dustmen, what can you imagine our environment would be?
高级表达：Assuming (that) there wasn't the hard work of the dustmen, what can you imagine our environment would be?
3．acknowledge v．承认；认为；感谢；告知收到
[一词多义]——写出下列句中acknowledge的含义
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.承认，认可
②I'm going to invite you to dinner with me to acknowledge your favor.感谢
③The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.告知收到
④Almost all the people present acknowledged that he was innocent.认为
acknowledge ＋that从句 承认做了某事
acknowledge...as.../to be...认为……是……(常用于被动语态)
It is widely/universally acknowledged that...大家公认……
a generally acknowledged fact 公认的事实
be acknowledged to be a master of Peking Opera 被认为是京剧大师
be acknowledged as a mustsee tourist attraction in China 被认为是中国必看的一个景点
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge that he had stolen(steal) the lady's purse.
②Mark Twain is acknowledged to be(be) one of the best writers in America.
③On behalf of my family, I'd like to acknowledge for the help of all the people. 去掉for
[链接写作]——完成句子
大家一致认为除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们不可能看到更蓝的天空。
It is widely acknowledged that we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.
4．accuse sb.of sth.指责/控告某人……
(1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth.＝ charge sb.with (doing) sth.控告/指责某人做某事
accuse sb.for sth.为某事指责某人
accuse sb.as 指责某人为……
(2)the accused 被告
be accused of causing the accident 被指控造成了这次事故
be accused of purposely making trouble 被指责故意找事
get accused for the serious consequences 由于严重的后果受到指控
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①The shop assistant was dismissed as she was accused of cheating customers.
＝The shop assistant was dismissed as she was charged with cheating customers.
②Man often accuses nature for his own misfortune.
③The accusing was declared to be innocent by the court for lack of proof. accusing→accused
[链接写作]——句式升级
普通表达：The woman was accused of stealing 1．2 million dollars and she was trying to find herself a lawyer.
①高级表达：The woman accused of stealing 1．2 million dollars was trying to find herself a lawyer.(过去分词短语作定语)
②高级表达：The woman who was accused of stealing 1．2 million dollars was trying to find herself a lawyer.(定语从句)
5．(教材P69)Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that ...
尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想……
[句型公式] 本句为主从复合句，Incredible as it may seem是由as引导的让步状语从句，其中Incredible as it may seem＝Although/Though it may seem incredible。
as引导让步状语从句时，从句须倒装，其中as与though可互换。其结构为：
(1)单数可数名词(无冠词)/形容词＋ as/though＋ 主语＋ be＋ 其他成分
(2)动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分
(3)副词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分
[金句推送] Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long day's journey.
尽管夜晚的空气很热，但是我们睡得很深，因为经过一天的长途旅行我们都非常疲惫。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Enviable as/though the cool kids may have seemed, Dr.Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences.
②Child as/though he is, he likes to be treated like an adult.
③Try as you may, but you won't be able to persuade him. 去掉but
[链接写作]——句式升级
普通表达：Although they tried hard, they couldn't make her change her mind.
高级表达：Hard as/though they tried, they couldn't make her change her mind.(倒装句)
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The film festival is acknowledged(acknowledge) as an event of international importance.
2．Farmers will have a good harvest, assuming(assume) that the weather is favorable.
3．Accustomed(accustom) to climbing the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.
4．Her son was accused(accuse) of cheating in the exam, which made it difficult for her to go to sleep.
5．Happy as they were(be)，there was something missing.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．They probably fear that they are wrongly accused of knocking down the old man.
2．Try as/though he might, he couldn't get the door open.
3．Charlie Chaplin is acknowledged as one of the most outstanding comedians in the history of the cinema.
4．People are accustomed to what they have — however much of it there is.
5．It is acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．I've got accustomed to go to work on foot since I recovered from last operation. go→going
2．Busy as he was, but he came to attend my graduation ceremony. 去掉but
3．Assume that the plan is accepted, when are we going to carry it out? Assume→Assuming
4．It is acknowledged smile can shorten the distance between people. acknowledged后加that
5．Accusing of using the company's money for her own purposes, she was arrested. Accusing→Accused
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Devoted(devote) to his teaching work all the time, the teacher really required a good rest.
2．The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending(depend) on your different answers.
3．I tried to comfort him after he was defeated(defeat) by his opponent.
4．The new government must set out to find(find) solutions to the country's economic problems.
5．With economy development at great speed, our city has witnessed(witness) quite a few changes in recent years.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Though he had tried to overcome his shyness, he didn't make it．
2．If you don't know which university to go to, consult the teacher for advice.
3．To my great relief, grandmother's illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.
4．If you are interested in something, devote yourself to it and finally you will make it．
5．I want to start making changes in my life, but I'm not sure how to get things set in motion.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
In spite of all our 1．advanced(advance) technology, the world is still at the very beginning of its voyage into space.
In 2.the 1950s, China set out 3.to explore(explore) space. In 2008, millions of people turned on the TV and 4.witnessed(witness) Chinese first space walk. It was really a historic event, which had a great impact 5.on space exploration. At the same time, China set out its lunar exploration program. Many programs are underway. In the last decade, China has made a series of 6．achievements(achievement). Chang'e2 has sent back several pictures of the moon's surface. The surface of the moon is not similar to 7．that of the earth, which is consistent with scientists' previous expectation.
8．Based(base) on human beings' dream, a series of fiction novels and films appeared. Many of them are based on the 9.assumption(assume) that the aliens from other planets will invade our earth. The aliens' invasion can make the earth 10.destroyed(destroy). All of them are very scary and dramatic.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step 1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①过去的十年见证了在太空科技中取得的一系列历史性的成功。
The past decade witnessed a series of historic achievements in space technology.
②虽然我们对火星所知甚少，但是人类已开始探测火星。
Though we know little about Mars, man has set out to explore Mars.
③已有30多个探测器成功地到达了火星。
More than 30 probes have made it to Mars.
④尽管如此，人们认为我们应该知道更多关于火星的知识。
In spite of that, people acknowledge that we ought to know more about Mars.
⑤虽然火星表面与地球的表面相似，但是火星上是否有生命取决于进一步的研究。
Though its surface is similar to that of the earth, whether there is life on the Mars depends on further research.
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)用倒装句改写句②
Little as we know about Mars, man has set out to explore it.
(2)用被动语态改写句④
In spite of that, it is acknowledged that we ought to know more about Mars.
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
The past decade witnessed a series of historic achievements in space technology.Furthermore, little as we know about Mars, man has set out to explore it.So far, more than 30 probes have made it to Mars.In spite of that, it is acknowledged that we ought to know more about Mars.Though its surface is similar to that of the earth, whether there is life on the Mars depends on further research.
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