04.介词的基本用法及介词搭配-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车

这是一份04.介词的基本用法及介词搭配-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车，共15页。试卷主要包含了二重介词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第04讲：介词的基本用法及介词搭配



考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接

v 考点归纳
1. 表示时间的介词有at, on, in, during, for, since, before, after等；表示地点的介词有in, at, on, over, above, under等；表示方式的介词有by, in, at, with, from等；表示从属关系的介词有of, for, to, about, on等
2. 某些介词在句中表示特定的含义，常考的有:
①表示某人穿着某种衣服、鞋子等，或某人穿着的颜色，常用in
②在范围内、外常用到介词within / beyond
③用于表示某事发生时某人的感受的常用in，如in surprise, in deep thought
3. 一些词之间的辨析，如among与between；except / except for / except that / besides
among一般指的是三者或以上的“之中”，between指两者间，如固定词组keep the secret between you and me 仅你我所知的秘密
4. 形容词一般要求与一定介词搭配，如be rich in，但不少形容词后跟不同的介词表不同含义，如The man is blind of an eye. (瞎) Jack was blind to his own fault. (不察觉)；而另一些形容词后跟不同的介词意义不变，只是其后的搭配不同，如be disappointed at后的介词补足成分为事，而be disappointed with后则通常为人
5. 某些动词后面的介词根据介词宾语的不同而不同；某些动词搭配不同介词会有不同意思:
agree + on / with / … be famous for / to / …
get in / on / off / over / to / … hand out / over / …
某些形容词后面的介词根据介词宾语的不同而不同；某些形容词搭配不同介词会有不同意思:
be angry at / with be good to / at / …
6. 一般情况下，名词后搭配的介词与其对应的同源动词或形容词后搭配的介词相同，但也存在例外，如be interested in Û have an interest in be confident of Û have confidence in；某些名词之前需要使用介词，如to one’s surprise等
7. 牢记某些词的固定搭配，如be fond of, take pride in等，但切勿只根据固定结构而忽略提干
8. ☆注意to既可作为不定式的标志后接动词原形，也可为介词后接doing，注意分辨
以下提供部分含介词to的搭配，其中“to”表示介词to (试卷真题详见不定式章节)
add to, attend to (注意，照顾), cling to (坚守), come to (到达), contribute to (有助于), object to, get to (开始做某事), react to (反应), resort to (诉诸), refer to (提及), relate to (与……有关系), stick to, take to (从事), apply … to, attribute … to (归因于), accustom … to, commit … to (使负有责任), devote … to (致力于), owe … to, prefer … to, reduce … to, be used to (习惯于), get down to (开始认真做), face up to, look forward to, deaf to (不愿听), equal to (相等的), loyal to, similar to, superior to, sensitive to, obstacle to, limit to (限速), aid to, objection to, key to, answer to, 一些复杂介词如according to, as to, owing to, prior to, thanks to, in addition to等
9. 特殊介词: 短语介词(because of, instead of等)、二重介词(from behind)、分词介词(concerning, given, including等)

v 考前巩固
I. Complete the passage by using appropriate prepositions (介词).
_____ plants, people could not live. We eat plants. We breathe the oxygen that plants produced. And we need plants _____ another very different reason: we need them _____ their beauty.
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Imagine a world _____ no plants. You cannot find any plant _____ your reach. Imagine no flowers _____ their sweet smells, _____ their beautiful colors and lovely shapes. Imagine, when the wind blows, not being able to hear the leaves _____ the trees or watch the branches swing _____ side _____ side. Imagine not being able to see the buds (花蕾) _____ the trees open and turn _____ colourful blossoms.
There are a large variety of plants _____ the world, _____ which sunflower is my favourite. She always faces _____ the sun, which filled people _____ hope. Different people have different attitudes _____ plants. Most people regard them _____ their friends or something.
II. Put in prepositions where necessary. Note a “/” means that nothing is needed.
1. On my way _____ home, I met a young woman _____ twenty-five and a man _____ his thirties.
2. The one _____ dark glasses _____ the photo, the second _____ the left, is my former classmate.
3. Switzerland lies _____ France, Germany, Austria and Italy.
4. This is just _____ you and me: He fell _____ love _____ a girl _____ a hot temper.
5. _____ John, his wife Suzuki is also joining us.
6. Twice a day she took her dog for a stroll _____ the river.
7. Don’t approach _____ the dog. Won’t you be afraid _____ it?
8. He’s terribly tight-fisted. He simple hates to part _____ money and it turns _____ to be the only thing he is longing _____.
9. You cannot understand it until you’ve looked _____ the matter.
10. The Huangpu River runs _____ Shanghai and divides it _____ two parts.
11. You need to keep your Chihuahua _____ the road, or you won’t see it _____ good.
12. _____ the funeral, people were all dressed _____ black.
13. Now that I’ve shown you the proof _____ the story, can you give me the key _____ the door?
14. After a heated discussion they agreed _____ whether it is right to drive _____ full speed.
15. He attempted _____ vain to set up a company _____ his own.
16. Many words associated _____ life in the West are Spanish _____ origin.
17. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _____ an inch.
18. The Internet has brought _____ big changes _____ the way we work.
19. Doctor Bethune showed great concern _____ the wounded soldiers and felt sympathy ____ them.
20. I’m sorry it’s _____ my power to make a final decision _____ the project.
21. It suddenly occurred _____ Anne that money couldn’t make up _____ all that Bob had suffered.
22. He will agree to do what you require _____ him.
23. _____ principle, I agree _____ you. But it’s not so simple _____ practice.
III. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 他自幼喜欢画画。(fond)
2. 虽然他的健康每况愈下，但他仍然坚持给贫困学生免费授课。(persevere)
3. 约翰逊故意讲这些事来惹我生气。(purpose)
4. 我来不及刹车，一头撞到了前面那辆车上。(run)
5. 正是在春天人们可以看到许多美丽绽放的花朵。(bloom)
IV. Decide which one of the four choices given is the most suitable to complete the sentence.
1. Fruit is rich _____ (, , , ) vitamins.
2. She was deaf _____ (of, to, at, on) his request to do her work.
3. Jim was impatient _____ (of, with, at, on) his daughter.
4. I believe they are related _____ (on, by, with, at) marriage.
5. Our new house is very convenient _____ (for, to, at, in) the office as it’s within walking distance.
6. John got a job, so that he could be independent _____ (with, of, from, at) his parents.
7. The dialect was one peculiar _____ (to, on, with, at) the North.
8. The jury decided that Susan was guilty _____ (on, by, of, with) murder.
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9. Everyone blames you _____ (on, for, in, against) a certain mistake.
10. The surgeon operated _____ (on, at, with, for) him for appendicitis (阑尾炎).
11. We can substitute garlic _____ (for, into, with, on) onion in that sauce.
12. Mrs. Robert got _____ (to, after, over, at) her sickness very quickly.
13. He compared the girl _____ (to, with, in, for) a flower.
14. A greengrocer deals _____ (with, in, on, at) vegetables.
15. Have you accounted _____ (for, in, to, down) all the breakages?
16. Dick boasted _____ (on, in, of, at) his success at billiards.
17. Do you think this scarf would go _____ (on, for, in, with) my dress?
18. He’s got a degree _____ (with, to, in, at) chemistry.
19. He takes pride _____ (of, in, to, with) doing things properly.
20. Her marriage _____ (with, to, at, of) Smith didn’t last very long.
21. Nobody knew the reason _____ (for, of, to, about) his disappearance.
22. A key _____ (with, at, to, into) the back door is always kept on a high ledge above the door.
23. The Japanese mountain climber had a narrow escape _____ (to, against, for, from) death.
24. While some species of whales are nearing extinction, many countries refuse to accept even a partial ban _____ (at, on, from, for) whale hunting.
25. Vitamin C tablets, if taken regularly, may reduce your chances _____ (to, of, at, in) getting a cold.
26. He had made many accusations, but he has never given any proof _____ (to, at, of, about) the truth of what he’s said.
27. Joe takes satisfaction _____ (with, in, about, at) having a beautiful garden.
28. Parents sometimes feel that that they have no influence _____ (on, of, to, with) their children.
29. He felt sympathy _____ (at, for, with, to) her misfortune.
30. My uncle is an expert _____ (in, at, of, to) electronics.
31. In many schools, students don’t have sufficient access _____ (in, to, from, at) the library.
32. The key _____ (at, of, to, for) success is hard work.
33. We met him _____ (at, for, by, with) accident, quite _____ (at, for, by, with) chance.
34. The city was left _____ (at, in, on, with) ruins by the conquerors.
35. _____ (To, In, Of, At) a sense, your explanation is right.
36. We know the professor would visit everyone _____ (by, at, in, for) turn.
37. The chair is _____ (on, by, in, at) the way. Let’s move it away.
38. They arrived _____ (on, at, in, to) the afternoon of 20th December.
39. He always writes _____ (with, in, at, for) a careless manner.
40. Much _____ (to, at, with, for) his regret, he had found out his mistake too late.
41. Health is _____ (to, of, in, with) more value than money.
42. I consented yesterday. But _____ (for, to, on, with) second thoughts, I must refuse.
43. Jessie sang _____ (at, with, on, to) the accompaniment of the piano.
44. It would not be _____ (at, to, with, for) my benefit to do that.
45. He acted both tragic and comic parts, but he was _____ (at, in, to, beyond) his best in comedy.
46. He saved the boy from the fire but _____ (with, at, in, on) the cost of his own life.
47. Nobody knows the age of the earth _____ (at, in, for, under) certain.
48. _____ (Except for, Save for, Along with, In addition to) three children he had an adopted daughter.
49. He is superior _____ (than, to, on, at) me _____ (under, in, to, at) age.
50. No agreement was reached _____ (up to, thanks to, as to, due to) how much we must pay.
V. Decide whether to is functioning as a preposition or as part of an infinitive, and then complete the sentence with the -ing participle or the infinitive of the verbs in brackets.
1. While he was in the office he preferred _____ (doing) something to _____ (doing) nothing.
2. They objected to _____ (leave) school and _____ (go) to work.
3. The teacher wishes to _____ (speak) to you in regard to _____ (be) late.
4. When it comes to _____ (bell) the cat, the mice have nothing to _____ (say).
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5. Restraining home demand is the key to _____ (increase) our exports.
6. I now feel committed to _____ (try) to _____ (make) it work.
7. It might be better to _____ (try) to _____ (discuss) it in his own language, as he isn’t used to _____ (speak) English.
8. Since the introduction of new services, many businessmen have taken to _____ (travel) by train for journeys between 100~200 miles.
9. He came to _____ (realize) that he was mistaken.
10. He was reduced to _____ (beg) for a living.
v 模拟演练
1. Four Chinese models were ____ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.
A. among B. between C. along D. beside
2. We’re planning to send out a thousand invitations ____ Expo volunteers.
A. over B. in C. on D. to
3. Sean has formed the habit of jogging ____ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.
A. between B. along C. below D. with
4. Soon after dinner Wayne drove off ____ the direction of Paris.
A. to B. at C. for D. in
5. In the swimming competition, Phelps has an advantage ____ his opponents in confidence.
A. on B. of C. by D. over
6. With the economic crisis ____ hand, and the unemployment rate on the rise, career planning will definitely benefit you.
A. in B. on C. by D. at
7. Her exam results put her ____ the top ten per cent of students in her grade.
A. among B. between C. in D. at
8. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ____ a stepping-stone to future success.
A. with B. for C. as D. by
9. Though she tried hard to pull the fish ____ her, she was pulled deeper into the water.
A. by B. with C. after D. towards
10. “We Chinese people always put emphasis on the friendly relationships ____ the people of all countries.” said the Ambassador.
A. with B. under C. to D. between
11. My family and I are animal lovers, so we certainly have no objection ____ raising a pet at home.
A. of B. to C. against D. with
12. The smart criminal always paid ____ cash, so the police could not track him down.
A. on B. by C. in D. for
13. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life time of mice ____ 50%.
A. of B. by C. for D. at
14. Getting a good night sleep is directly related ____ not only how we feel next day but our long-term health as well.
A. in B. from C. through D. to
15. A new study shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts ____ stress and help you become healthier.
A. in B. of C. on D. at
16. Given the current pollution problem, people are seriously considering settling ____ a new land like Mars to start life fresh.
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A. of B. on C. under D. off
17. No one could keep calm ____ such an occasion when big applause burst again and again.
A. for B. in C. on D. to
18. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao chatted with each child suffering ____ AIDS, listening to them and encouraging them to face their difficulties bravely and be confident. (10静安-1)
A. with B. up C. from D. in
19. What a dangerous scene! A car has missed the boy playing on the roadside ____ only an inch.
A. with B. up C. from D. in
20. The manager assured the customer that his complaint would be seen ____ immediately.
A. at B. to C. on D. with
21. Before the bridge-tunnel opened on October 31, 2009, Chongming Island was only accessible ____ ferry.
A. to B. on C. in D. by
22. When supply is more than demand ____ any product, prices are timely to fall.
A. for B. with C. about D. to
23. They chatted ____ coffee about their experience as volunteers during the charity.
A. over B. on C. to D. with
24. I felt it rather inappropriate to turn up at the graduation ceremony ____ jeans and a T-shirt.
A. in B. on C. by D. with
25. This new computer is obviously superior ____ the old one because it has many new functions.
A. with B. on C. at D. to
26. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot ____ easy reach.
A. near B. upon C. within D. around
27. The application of new scientific discoveries ____ industrial production methods usually increases efficiency.
A. of B. for C. to D. in
28. We regret to hear nearly half of the people in that area still live ____ the poverty line.
A. under B. over C. below D. above
29. The effective communication ability for a writer is to get the knowledge out of his head and ____ readers’ heads.
A. out of B. into C. towards D. for
30. Jack used to work in a garage for a full 10 years, so he fixed the broken machine ____ ease.
A. in B. with C. on D. beyond
31. This is the latest attempt to find a peaceful solution ____ the troubles in this area.
A. of B. to C. for D. about
32. – Can he take charge of the computer company?
– I’m afraid it is ____ his ability.
A. beyond B. within C. of D. to
33. American people are wondering whether the newly-elected president and his administration will keep the nation safe and defend it ____ any terrorist attack in the future.
A. to B. on C. with D. against
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34. Certain actions, especially ____ hands and feet, can cause offense in many countries because of various cultures.
A. in B. by C. on D. with
35. The director of the language training department said that they needed to keep making an effort to tailor their programs ____ the needs of the individual.
A. to B. for C. by D. about
36. Earlier than the scientists had expected, it snowed ____ the night of November 10th this year.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
37. The plane departs at 8:00, so we may as well be at the airport ____ 7:00 at the latest.
A. by B. after C. till D. in
38. In recent years much more emphasis has been put ____ developing the students’ productive skills.
A. over B. onto C. in D. on
39. Open source classes are part of a growing trend to make higher education available ____ all.
A. to B. of C. in D. with
40. We greatly feel sorry ____ those who died or got injured in the disaster.
A. for B. with C. at D. in
41. The impacts of any climate change ____ the human population are astonishing.
A. in B. on C. with D. by
42. Julia felt superior, when she was general manager, ____ her colleagues.
A. at B. on C. to D. of
43. St. Louis has replaced Camden, New Jersey ____ the most dangerous US city, according to a study based on FBI crime data which was released Monday.
A. for B. to C. as D. with
44. They won the first prize again. They succeeded ____.
A. in working hard B. to work hard C. in spite of hard work D. by working hard
45. Sale goods can be brought back to the store ____ an exchange or store credit.
A. to B. under C. for D. with
46. We were all confused, wondering what was ____ this sudden change of plan.
A. against B. beyond C. below D. behind
47. We are all born ____ a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works.

A. of B. with C. by D. into
48. It was pretty cold last Thursday when we were taking the final exam. But I was dressed ____ it, so I didn’t mind.
A. in B. with C. for D. on
49. Undoubtedly, life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is ____ our control.
A. against B. beyond C. among D. in
50. The last time we had a family reunion was ____ my brother’s wedding ceremony four years ago.
A. over B. at C. on D. in
51. Failing to find more channels for profit, many website companies are still dependent ____ online advertisement for survival.
A. on B. in C. at D. beyond
52. Getting involved ____ after school activities has given me the opportunity to build up friendship with local students.
A. with B. in C. for D. about
53. The two sportsmen congratulated each other ____ winning the match by shaking hands.
A. with B. on C. in D. to
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54. – Do you rent rooms _____ the week? You see, I’m not sure whether I’ll stay for a whole month?
– Yes. The rent is higher, though.
A. for B. by C. at D. on
55. I felt it rather inappropriate to turn up at the graduation ceremony _____ jeans and a T-shirt.
A. on B. with C. in D. by
56. Recently, much more emphasis has been put _____ developing the students’ creativity.
A. onto B. in C. over D. on
57. Rock ‘n’ roll was Black music that broke through to white culture when whites played the Blacks’ songs _____ the same style.
A. with B. on C. in D. by
58. The environment in major cities in our country has been improved _____ some extent in the last decade.
A. by B. to C. in D. with
59. The suspect was stopped by the security guards at the entrance _____ the hall where an important conference was being held.
A. inside B. to C. for D. from
60. We can remember a word better _____ seeing it repeatedly.
A. in B. by C. for D. on
61. Over several thousand years of development, Chinese medicine has attracted great attention _____ its unique and marvelous effects.
A. to B. in C. on D. for
62. A man _____ plenty of money doesn’t always have plenty of friends.
A. of B. with C. without D. for
63. Johnson said the British capital wants to use the Olympics “to drive the greening and the improvement of our city” and noted that London is committed to reduce carbon emissions _____ 60 percent by 2025.
A. by B. between C. up D. among
64. People all over the world were shocked _____ Japan’s nuclear explosion caused by the devastating earthquake.
A. in B. at C. to D. on
65. Some parents are just too protective. They want to protect their kids _____ every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. for B. at C. from D. with
66. The shock at the news about the Fukushima earthquake in Japan was _____ words and the whole country was silenced by grief.
A. among B. between C. beyond D. above
67. The 184-day world Expo started _____ a spectacular opening ceremony.
A. from B. with C. of D. at
68. Many exceptions _____ the rules of English usage make English difficult to master.
A. of B. off C. to D. on
69. _____ increased food intake, Jack continued to lose weight.
A. Despite B. Beyond C. During D. Through
70. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _____ the tough years.
A. through B. up C. with D. from

v 真题链接
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1. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _____ everyone’s enjoyment.
A. in B. at C. for D. to
2. The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money _____me.
A. by B. for C. in D. with
3. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is _____ ideal. We have to work still harder.
A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to
4. Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _____ name, not case number.
A. of B. as C. by D. with
5. I agree to his suggestion _____ the condition that he drops all charges.
A. by B. in C. on D. to
6. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _____ a big tree.
A. in B. below C. beside D. against
7. My father warned me _____ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.

A. by B. on C. for D. against
8. Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _____ food safety problems.
A. in B. to C. on D. after
9. With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _____ color.
A. by B. for C. with D. in
10. Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _____ the library.
A. in B. for C. by D. from
11. I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy _____ the past couple of weeks.
A. beyond B. with C. among D. over
12. Nick, it’s good for you to read some books _____ China before you start your trip there.
A. in B. for C. of D. on
13. He was a good student and scored _____ average in most subjects.
A. below B. of C. on D. above
14. I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained _____.
A. on B. for C. by D. of




参考答案：
考前巩固
I. Without for for with within with in in from to on into in among towards with towards as
II. 1. / of in 2. with in from
3. between 4. between in with with
5. Besides 6. along
7. / of 8. with out for
9. into 10. through into
11. off for 12. At in
13. to to 14. on at
15. in on / of 16. with in
17. by 18. about in
19. for for 20. beyond on
21. to for 22. of
23. In with in
III. 1. He has been fond of drawing since young.
2. Though his health was failing / going from bad to worse, he still persevered in giving free lessons to the poor students.
3. Johnson said these things on purpose to annoy me.
4. I couldn’t stop in time and ran into the car in front.
5. It is in spring that people can see many beautiful flowers in bloom.
IV. 1~10 bbbba bacba 11~20 acaba cdcbb 21~30 acdbc cbaba 31~40 cc(cc)bb ccaba
41~50 bcdba bcd(bb)c
V. 1. doing … doing 2. leaving … going
3. speak … being 4. belling … say
5. increasing 6. trying … make
7. try … discuss … speaking 8. travelling
9. realize 10. begging
模拟演练
1~10 ADBDD DACDD 11~20 BCBDB BCCCB 21~30 DAAAD CCCBB
31~40 BADDA CADAA 41~50 BDCDC DBCBB 51~60 ABBBC DCBBB
61~70 DBABC CBCAA
真题链接
1~10 DDBCC DDBDD 11~14 DDDB