专题05-语法填空-【大题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语大题限时集训（全国卷通用）

专题05语法填空-【大题小卷】冲刺2022年高考英语大题限时集训

命题特点：

1.一般为一篇200词左右的说明文或记叙文,难度适中,符合高中生的阅读水平。

2.考查形式包括有提示词(6-7个)和无提示词(3-4个)两种。

3.有提示词的考向主要有:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副

词的级别、词性转换等;无提示词的考向主要有:介词、冠词、连接词、代词等;且每空只能填一个单词。

 例1 (2021·全国卷甲)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.It 61 (build)originally to protect the city 62.in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).

答案 was built

解析考查时态与语态。分析句子可知空格处为谓语,动词 build 和主语it之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态;根据句意和时间状语 theTangDynasty可知用一般过去时;主语it为第三人称单数,根据主谓一致，确定答案 was built。

例2 (2021·全国卷甲)...we decided it was time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!

答案 better

解析考查形容词比较级。分析句子结构及空格后的 than可知，空格处填good的比较级better。

例 3 (2021·全国卷乙)Ecotourism has_63(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.

答案 its

解析 考查代词。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词修饰名词origin。

例4 (2021·全国卷乙)Due to 65 growing popularity of environrnentally-related and adventure travel, various types_66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism.

答案 the of

解析 首空考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,所以应填定冠词the。尾空考查介词。various types of为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”。故填 of。

例 5 (2021·全国卷甲) My bike was old and shaky 67 did the job.

答案but

解析 考查连词。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系, 故用表示转折的连词but连接。

一、提示词为动词原形

Step I分析句子结构，确定空格处是否作谓语

Step II 若作谓语  需要考虑适当的时态和语态，主谓一致及虚拟语气

Step III 若不作谓语 需要考虑是否填非谓语动词,然后,再确定填何种非谓语动词:不定式、动词-ing， 形式还是过去分词

二、无提示词解题技巧

“二步”准填无提示词

第一步 确定填哪类词    分析句子结构,根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词

第二步 确定填什么词

1. 填代词、副词、介词或冠词    根据句子本身的含义
2. 填情态动词或助动词    根据句子结构
3. 填连词    根据上下两句的逻辑关系

（云南省师范大学附属中学2022届高三高考适应性考试）Language is the best approach to1．( understand) a country. We know that language is a bridge for people to communicate. Chinese is one of the most beautiful languages in the world as well as2．most-spoken one.

The beauty of Chinese language lies in its form, structure and rhythm. Every sound, stroke, word and sentence have their own stories. In the process of learning Chinese，I hope you will learn to appreciate the Chinese language and its profound cultural heritage. Some foreign friends say that Chinese is difficult3．( learn). It shows that those who learn Chinese have great courage and4．( wise).

Only after learning Chinese will you know the meaning5．( contain) in the Chinese characters. For example, the Chinese character “人”which means “people” consists6． two supporting strokes, showing people need to support each other. The Chinese character “大”which means “big or great” is like the Chinese character“人”opening arms. This means people opening arms are of great vision. The Chinese character“天”is like “人”standing against the sky. That’s the reason7．it has the meaning of “sky”. The Chinese character“信”means “trust”. Its left side is “人” and the right side “言” which means “words”. When the two parts8．( put) together, it means people keeping their words win trust. You can understand the philosophy at first glance.

There are many9．( example) like this. There is no other language in the world that can create so much beauty with just two thousand10．( common) used characters. When you try to learn Chinese，you will feel China, understand China better, and even fall in love with China.

【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中文的魅力，让外国朋友更好地理解了中华文化。

1．【答案】understanding

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：语言是了解一个国家的最好方法。固定短语approach to中的to为介词，后面用动名词做宾语。故填understanding。

2．【答案】the

【解析】考查冠词。句意：汉语是世界上最美丽的语言之一，也是说得最多的语言之一。根据后文most-spoken可知，形容词最高级前面用定冠词the。故填the。

3．【答案】to learn

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一些外国朋友说汉语很难学。“主语+be +形容词+to do”是固定句型，主动表被动，动词不定式于形容词后作状语。故填to learn。

4．【答案】wisdom

【解析】考查名词。句意：这表明学习汉语的人有很大的勇气和智慧。根据前文courage and 可知，此处应用wise的名词wisdom和courage并列作宾语，wisdom是不可数名词。故填wisdom。

5．【答案】contained

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有学习了汉语，你才会知道汉字的意思。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词contain和所修饰的名词meaning之间的为被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填contained。

6．【答案】of

【解析】考查介词。句意：例如，汉字“人”这意味着“人”由两个相互支持的笔划组成，表明人们需要相互支持。consist of “由……组成”是固定短语，符合句意。故填of。

7．【答案】why

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是为什么它有“天空”的意思。分析句子可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the reason，关系副词why引导从句，在从句中用作原因状语。故填why。

8．【答案】are put

【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：当这两部分结合在一起时，就意味着言行一致的人赢得了信任。谓语动词put和主语parts之间是被动关系，此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，主谓一致，故填are put。

9．【答案】examples

【解析】考查名词复数。句意：有很多这样的例子。根据前文many可知，此处应用可数名词example的复数形式。故填examples。

10．【答案】commonly

【解析】考查副词。句意：世界上没有其他语言能用两千个常用字符创造出如此之多的美。修饰过去分词转化的形容词used应用副词。故填commonly。

（河南省洛阳市第一高级中学2021-2022学年高三模拟）Martial Arts had its origins in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. During the following Qin and Han Dynasties, wrestling, swordplay and spear skills became well developed and were popular among civilians and troops. In the Song Dynasty, various schools, boxing styles, movement sets1．weapon skills flourished. We recognize Martial Arts2．Gong Fu or Wushu today, which has many followers worldwide.

Martial Arts is a series of fighting styles3．has developed over a long historical period in China. Nowadays, it 4．（regard） as a traditional sport gaining more and more5．（popular） and even stands as a representative for Chinese culture. Styles including Shaolin, Tai Chi and Qigong have many followers worldwide. Some westerners think that all Chinese people are Gong Fu masters. That's not true, but this traditional heritage （遗产）has6．（it） unique existence in modem times and left much influence on the locals' lifestyle.

Although being fighting styles, Gong Fu7．（advocate） virtue and peace, not aggression or violence. This has been the common value8．（encourage） by martial artists from generation to generation. With a number of movement sets, boxing styles, weapon skills and some fighting touches , Gong Fu keeps the9．（origin） function of self-defense. Now the value in body-building and fitness is also 10．（high） appreciated.

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国武术的历史起源，发展以及现实意义。

1．【答案】and

【解析】考查连词。句意：在宋朝，各种流派、拳击风格、动作套路和武器技巧蓬勃发展。一系列并列成分出现时，前面用逗号隔开，最后一个用并列连词连接。句中various schools, boxing styles, movement sets和后文weapon skills并列作主语，空格处应填并列连词and。故填and。

2．【答案】as

【解析】考查介词。句意：我们今天承认Martial Arts为功夫或武术，它在世界各地有许多追随者。recognize sth as sth“承认某事物为某事物”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填as。

3．【答案】which/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：武术是在中国发展了很长一段历史时期的一系列战斗样式。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a series of fighting styles，关系代词which或that引导从句，在从句中用作主语，指事物。故填which/that。

4．【答案】is regarded

【解析】考查被动语态。句意：如今，它被视为一种传统的体育运动，越来越受欢迎，甚至代表了中国文化。谓语动词regard和主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意，为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is regarded。

5．【答案】popularity

【解析】考查名词。句意：如今，它被视为一种传统的体育运动，越来越受欢迎，甚至代表了中国文化。分析句子可知，空格处应用popular的名词popularity（不可数），由more and more修饰，作gaining的宾语。故填popularity。

6．【答案】its

【解析】考查物主代词。句意：事实并非如此，但这种传统遗产在近代有其独特的存在，并对当地人的生活方式产生了很大的影响。根据空格后的名词短语unique existence可知，此处应用it的形容词性物主代词its限定名词。故填its。

7．【答案】advocates

【解析】考查时态。句意：虽然功夫是一种战斗样式，但它提倡美德和和平，而不是侵略和暴力。根据句意和上下文可知，此处用一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，主语Gong Fu为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填advocates。

8．【答案】encouraged

【解析】考查动词过去分词。句意：这是一代又一代武术家所推崇（鼓励）的共同价值观。非谓语动词encourage和所修饰的the common value之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填encouraged。

9．【答案】original

【解析】考查形容词。句意：通过一系列的动作组合、拳击风格、武器技巧和一些打斗技巧，功夫保持了自卫的原始功能。修饰名词function应用origin的形容词形式original。故填original。

10．【答案】highly

【解析】考查副词。句意：现在，健身的价值也被高度重视。修饰动词appreciated应用high的副词形式highly。故填highly。

(2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷) I've always loved the ocean. In the____1____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____2____ (think)it is food.

I decided to do something ____3____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____4____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.

One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）.   I found the contact information of the company____5____ emailed its president. I told him how ____6____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____7____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.

I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____8____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____9____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____10_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。

1．【答案】seventh

【解析】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。

2．【答案】thinking

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，　　2　　 (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。

3．【答案】to educate

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，　　3　　 (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。

4．【答案】which或that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， 　　4　　 used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。

5．【答案】and

【解析】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。

6．【答案】harmful

【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。

7．【答案】excited

【解析】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。

8．【答案】was

【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。

9．【答案】representative

【解析】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。

10．【答案】from

【解析】考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。