专题 05 介词专题-备战2022年艺术类高考英语语法冲刺宝典

这是一份专题 05 介词专题-备战2022年艺术类高考英语语法冲刺宝典，共10页。试卷主要包含了名词和形容词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
        LESSON 5介词 prep.                 介词虽然小，但是用法纷繁复杂。所以介词的学习 需要大量的记忆。简单来说介词的位置分为:介词的宾语(用在介词后)介词不能独立使用，在介词后须带有宾语.其宾语形式主要是名词，另外还有相当于名词的成分，比如代词、数词、动名词或动名词短语及名词性从句.与介词搭配的词(用在介词前):与介词连用，置于介词前面的词主要有动词(depend on)、名词( pay attention to)和形容词( be kind to)。根据介词的意义和用法，本章内容安排如下【课前检测】1.[2020全国I,65]The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters ( 环 形山),more so_________ the familiar near side.2.[2020全国Ⅱ,67]Bamboo plants are associated_________ health, abundance and a happy home.3.[2020浙江,56]Some time after 10000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ________, through agriculture.4.[2020新高考I(山东),45]Museums must compete____ people's spare time and money with other amusements.5.[2019 浙江,61] The answer_____ this question is not clear.6.[2019全国I,63]We were first greeted with the barking by a pack_______ dogs, seven to be exact.7.[2018全国Ⅲ,67]I was searching _________ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.8.[2018 浙江 11 月,60]One cup of coffee _________ the late afternoon or evening will cause them to stay awake almost all night.9.[2017 乙卷(全国 I),61]This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)______ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease. ..10.[2016 天津,8] Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice ______her opinion on the subject.11.[2020全国Ⅱ改错]I’m glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.12.[2019全国Ⅲ改错]I want my cafe to have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty".13.[2018 全国Ⅱ改错]Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.14.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]They have also bought for some gardening tools.课中讲解： 考点一：时间介询in/on/at(1)in①表示年、月、季节、世纪、上午、下午、晚上等in 2011;    in January;     in summer;     in the 21st century;       in the morning/afternoon/evening②“in十时间段”表示将来“......(时间)以后”I'll move to Beijing in two years.“after十时间段”也表示“......(时间)以后”，但常用于一般过去时中。He got back from US after 2 weeks.③固定短语中in the future;  in the end;  in class;  in the last...years;  in a minute;  in history;...(2)on表示具体某日或某日的上午,下午、晚上on Monday ;on May Day;  on March 12th;  on Sunday afternoon;  on a cold morning(3)at①表示具体时间点at seven o'clock(7 : 00);    at half past five(5:30)②固定短语中at noon;  at night;  at present;  at the beginning(of):  at the age of;  at Christmas2. since/for(1)since十时间点，表示从过去某时直至现在，主句常用现在完成时或过去完成时。(2)for十时间段，表示动作的延续，主句常用现在完成时、过去完成时或一般过去时。I have studied in the school for 2 years since l was 13 years old.3. by/during/until(1)by 到......为止;by the time 到.....时为止; by the end of 到......末为止;by+将来时间点，主句用一般将来时;by+过去时间点，主句用过去完成时，by+现在时间点，主句用现在完成时。①We'll have more robots by the end of 2025.②I had rained for 2 hours by the time we arrived home.③By now,we have learned 2000 English words.(2)during+时间段,在......期间，与延续性动词连用，表示某个期间的动作。Some animals sleep during the day.until=till,直到......(时候)，后接时间点;否定句中 not until 直到......才......。① My teacher didn't tell us the answer until class was over.③ 1 studied for the test until 12 : 00 last night.考点二：  地点介话 1.方位介词in/on/to(1)in+较大地点;at+较小地点            When did you arrive in Shanghai?（2） be in the east/west/south/north of...(in 在境内）”在......的方位“     be on the east/west/south/north of...(on 接壤）     Be to the east/west/south/north of...(to 不接壤）“上下”介词 on/over/under/above/below(1)on在......上面，表示两者相接触(2)over 在......正上方;反义词under在......正下方(3)above在......上方(不一定垂直)，反义词 below在......下方(不一定垂直)①The teacher put his book on the teacher's desk.② We can build a bridge over the river.3My cat is lying under the chair.考点三： 方式、手段、工具等介词 1.交通方式:by/in/on(1)by+交通工具单数形式;       (2)on/in+限定词+交通工具单数形式I go to school by bike. =I go to school on my bike.(提醒） on foot 步行;      go to...       on foot= walk to...2.手段、工具:by/in/with/on(1)by+n.名词前无冠词:by heart/hand,on foot;(2)with/in+材料/语言名词前无冠词: Let's make some cards with paper. The book will come out in French.(3)with+具体工具:You can draw the pictures with a pencil.(提醒) with 可以表示“带有” Mr. Green has a big house with a garden.译：中国是一个有悠久历史的国家。__________________________________________________【过关检测】1.Sleep might be one answer_______ the problem.2.As we all know, Hangzhou, a beautiful city, won the bid_______September 16th 2015.3.It's___ great importance to ask for help and let people know how you feel if you are worried or anxious.4.On Sept.1, millions of parents watching the show disapproved of the “endless” ads delaying the show______12 minutes.5.Walt Disney developed an early interest in drawing. He took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial designer _______the age of 18.6.A total of 956 swimmers from 31 countries and regions________(include)the United States, Russia and Britain will take part in the enjoyable event.【基础练习】I单句语法填空1.But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore , one of the biggest privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve ______a great example.2.Also,stay focused________your work.3.You harshly scold your daughter for knocking the cup over. She breaks_______and weeps.4.The term “ Mandarin” can also refer to Standard Mandarin, which is based _______the Mandarin dialect spoken in Beijing.5.A team of scientists has finally been able to figure________ how and why young sunflowers move.6.Yang Lu,the co-founder of Fenda, said the price depended________supply and demand.7.A web user even commented , “I only needed 7 seconds to fall ______love with this young man.”II .单句改错1.Of all my teachers, Mr. Moore is the one who makes an impression of me. 2. Some jokingly said that friends were made to be taken advantage. 3. Weak as he seemed, he went straight into the sea with any hesitation. 4.Under the help of several other students, Li Xiang,one of my best friends, put me on his back and headed for the clinic immediately.5. Some students may get access for some unhealthy websites, which does harm to their development. 6.We had to go to home that day. 7.I always feel so thankful to what they have offered to me. 8.Once I talked to her this problem. 9.As I was waiting the response from the manager, I saw an old man in a wheelchair rolling himself over to the counter.10.My little sister was too young to go by herself, so I volunteered to accompany with her on the side.11.We joined in a voluntary activity organized by our school in Sunday.【巩固练习】A单句填空1.[2020 全国Ⅱ,64] Oranges: Orange trees are more _______decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.2.[2020全国Ⅲ,70]The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist_______earth, Mother Nature.3.[2020浙江1月,59]This aging of the population is driven ________two factors.4.[2020浙江,58] Farming produced more food per person ________hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.5.[2020北京,6]Over time, the bags fall apart______countless tiny pieces , and fish can accidentally eat some of them.6.[2021四川绵阳一诊,61]In ancient times, our ancestors relied on stars to guide them ______ a clear night.7.[2021山东潍坊阶段性监测,65]Ijoin this outstanding and talented group of writers, researchers, and other people who have a passion ________ environmental subject matter.8.[2021江西名校第二次联考,65]White cranes are also known as " living fossil" birds,_______only about 4,000 in the world.9.[2021湖南长沙长郡中学考试,62]They posted the posters they had designed on the Internet to introduce people_________some preventive measures.10[2021河南南阳一中考试，66]The brand was born in Wuzhen in 1848 and has been popular______ the distinctive taste of its duck products.11.[2020河南郑州一模,70]Robinson believed that the research could be helpful ________ improving road safety.12.[2020皖南八校联考,67]One artist showed us how to paint the facial mask on our face, and the other taught us the typical moves step________ step.B 单句改错1.[2021 山西大同学情调研]Having brought the fish home, my grandfather cooked some to me.2.[2021四省八校开学考]Not only does it affect their own study, but also it does harm for others.3.[2021 河南洛阳统考]Mr. Li set a good example to me. "I must learn about him," I said to myself.4.[2021吉林省吉林市一调]Im writing to apply to this position.5.[2021 豫湘名校联考]After being busy for my studies in the school for a whole week, I really need some time to do something I like.6.[2021黑龙江八校摸底考试]Please reply to me in your convenience.7.[2019 全国Ⅱ改错]When I studied chemistry high school,I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor.8.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.9.[2017乙卷(全国I)改错]It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.10.[2016丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]Now I am leaving home to college.【拔高练习]A专项语篇型填空(介词和介词短语)As we know, water is very important_1_____man. However， when my classmates and I went to town together _ 2_ bike one Saturday , we found many car washes on both sides of the road. Now towns are badly short3 _______fresh water. We should save every drop of water4_______our daily life. Water, especially fresh water, is very important to us. We should be clear_5______ the fact and I hope the government can take measures to solve the problem as soon as possible. Do you agree 6______ me on this point?As students , we should do our part 7_______ protecting water. Firstly , we should get into a habit of saving water, electricity and paper. Moreover, recycle whatever we can,8 _____the water that has been used. Last but not least, don't forget to influence those9_______you to follow, and raise their awareness of saving water! If we don't act now to protect water, it will run out one day, which will be a threat 10______ the survival of us human beings.B语法填空Passage 1(2021山西怀仁上学期期中改编)Nowadays when faced 1_____ health or nutrition (营养) questions, people probably turn2_____ the Interet _3_____ help. But they may get some wrong advice online, which is very dangerous!4 ______addition, search engines show clicking rates looking into5_______(popular)rather6______accuracy(准确).So useful advice cannot be easy to find. It is well worth checking whether the advice is helpful7______all, anyone can call themselves8______ diet expert, and even a doctor. But remember, only officially recognized doctors and dietitians(营养学家)have the right to give medical 9 _______(suggest).So if you are unsure , you'd better visit a doctor. Go10_______ the right place, and the real answers can be found.C 短文改错[2021 山西阶段性测试]Last Friday morning, hardly had I reached school while my attention was caught by a big poster on the noticeboard , saying that it would be the World Earth Day in a few of days.Responding active to this, my classmates set to work immediately. In the afternoon, we brought to school what they thought to be of little value. Use scissors and paste, we made shopping bag and artworks out of them. After school, we went to the local community and launched a campaign, giving up what we had made and calling on people to make most of what they thought to be useless. Meanwhile, we hold a lecture in the community to raise people's awareness of protecting the earth. We had a busy but meaning time.              参考答案：课前检测：1.than  2.with  3.in  4.for 5.to  6.of  7.for  8.in  9.as 10.to  11.come后加to  12.删除like  13.for-with  14.去掉for过关检测：  to 2.on  3.of  4.by/for 5.at 6.including基础练习：  as  2.on  3.down  4.on 5.out 6.on  7.in II.单句改错：Ⅱ.1.impression后的of→on 2.advantage 后加of3.with→without4Under→With5.forto6.删除第二个to  第一个to→for8.this 前加 about 9.waiting 后加 for10.删除with 11.第二个in→on 巩固练习：单句填空1.than 2.on 3.by  4.than  5.into/to 6.on 7.for 8.with 9.to  10.for 11.in/for 12.by单句改错：1.to-for 2.for-to  3.about-from  4.to-for 5.for-with 6.in -at  7.high 前加in/at 8.去掉第二个of  9.on-of  10.to-for拔高练习A专项语篇型填空(介词和介词短语)  to 2.by 3.of 4.in  5.about/on  6.with 7.in 8.including/like 9.around/round 10.to Passage 1  with  2.to  3.for  4.in 5.popularity  6.than 7.After  8.a 9.suggestions  10.to C短文改错世界地球日即将到来,作者和同班同学响应号召,把废物加以利用，并在社区呼吁人们保护地球。1.while改为when连词误用。本句考查固定表达"hardly...when..."意为"-......就......",所以将while改为when。2.删除few后的of介词多用。afew为固定表达,意为"一些",后面直接接可数名词复数,所以删除few后面的of。3.active改为actively形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰动词,需要用副词,因此将active 改为actively。4.they改为we人称代词误用。结合语境可知,此处表示下午我们把我们认为几乎没有价值的东西带到了学校,人称为第一人称,所以将 they 改为 we。5.Use改为Using动词形式误用。分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词为made,故此处应为非谓语动词,use与其逻辑主语we之间为主谓关系,所以将Use改为Usingo6.bag改为bags 名词单复数误用。此处表示我们用这些东西制成了购物袋和艺术品,此处应为很多购物袋,结合artworks也可知应把 bag改为 bags。7.up改为away固定搭配误用。结合语境可知，此处表示我们把我们制作的东西送给别人。give away为固定表达,意为"赠送",所以将 up 改为 away。8.most 前面加 the冠词漏用。make the most of为固定表达,意为"充分利用",所以在most前面加the。9.hold改为held动词时态误用。此处为过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,所以把hold改为 held。10.meaning改为meaningful名词和形容词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的名词time,需要用形容词,所以将meaning改为 meaningful。