专题 12 -状语从句-备战2022年艺术类高考英语语法冲刺宝典

这是一份专题 12 -状语从句-备战2022年艺术类高考英语语法冲刺宝典，共13页。
            LESSON 12 状语从句                  状语从句在句中作状语。状语从句位于主句之前时,常用逗号隔开;位于主句之后时,一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步等状语从句。【课前检测】5minutes1.[2020全国65]__________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.2.[2020新高考I(山东),37]They kept their collection at home until it got too big_______until they died, and then it was given to a museum.3.[2018北京,2]________we don't stop climate change,many animals and plants in the world will be gone.4.[2018江苏,29]________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.5.[2017 江苏,23]Located the Belt meets the Road. Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.6.[2017 北京,28]If you don't understand something, you may research, study , and talk to other people_______ you figure it out.7.[2016 丙卷(全国),61]In much of Asia, especially the so-called " rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea,________Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.8.[2020全国改错]First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.9.[2020全国I改错]I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.10.[2019 全国Ⅱ改错]When I studied chemistry in high school,I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.课中讲解高考常考点一．时间状语从句  when, while, as连词词义用法when当.....时候从句谓语动词可以时延续的页可以时非延续的从句动作可先于主句动作，页可以和主句动作同时发生while当.....时候从句谓语动词时延续性动词侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比as一边......一边；随着从句谓语动词时延续性动词表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。When the film ended,the people went back.电影一结束,人们便回去了。Please don't talk so loud while others are working.别人在工作时请别那么大声谈话。As time goes on ,it's getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。注意如果主句表示的是短暂性动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时 when,while与as可互换使用。When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.当我沿着街道走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。【过关检测】用when，while，as 填空①____I was waiting at the bus stop,I noticed a police car in front of the store.②John arrived,I was cooking lunch.③he grew older ,he lost interest in everything except gardening  before,  after,  sincebefore 翻译为:“在…之前”before 从句往往带有否定的含义。如: We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it(2015天津)You can't borrow books from the school library before you get your student card.  There is only one more day to go before your favorite music group play live.after 翻译为:“在…之后”如: Let's play football after school is over.The sun came out soon after the storm stopped.since自从……。since从句谓语动词一 般用一般过去时，主句谓语动词常用现在完成时或 现在完成进行时I have written home four times since came here. 自从我来到这儿,我已经给家里写过四封信了。 用于“It is+一段时间+since从句”句型中It is three years since the war broke out.(从句谓语为终止性动词)自战争爆发以来已有三年了。 【过关检测】1).As is reported, it is more than 100 years_______ Tsinghua University was founded.2). I have heard a lot of good things about you________ I came back from abroad.3.till,untiluntil,till 用于肯定句时 翻译为:“直到直到…为止”主句必须为持续性动词。如If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait it coming out on DVD(2017上海)not…until 翻译为:“直到…才…” 主句通常要用短暂性动词。如:I didn't leave until she came back.People do not know the value of their health till / until they lose it4.as soon asas soon as..翻译为:"一…就…”用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。As soon as he comes back,I'll tell him when you will come and see him. 注意1:immediately,instantly,directly 相当于as soon as. 如:They phoned her immediately they reached home.注意 2:the moment,the minute,the instant,the second 这几个名词短语也可用作连词 直接引导时间状语从句 翻译为:“-…就…”。如:---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed to her? (2017北京春) ---Yes, I gave it to her the moment I saw her.The moment the 28th Olympic Games were declared open, the whole world cheered.(2016福建)5.onceonce 作连词时 翻译为:一旦”。如:Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover. (2016江苏)hardly(scarcely)..when/before.., no sooner.than…翻译为:“刚…就…”可以互换主句通常用过去完成时。如:The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.(2019辽宁)6.every+时间词，the+时间词。如:I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. He left Europe the year World War II broke out.7. by the timeby the time 也可以引导时间状语从句 翻译为:“到……时为止” 主句一般要用完成时态。如:By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself【过关检测】(3mins)单句填空1.________I went to sleep, I browsed through news websites and checked my emails.2._______ something goes wrong, the New Zealand people are more likely to give people a second chance so that they can prove themselves or show that things can be done differently3.Legend has it that he was turned down 1,009 times _______his chicken was finally accepted.4.It has been two years_________we hired a cleaning lady and for some reason my husband has become very demanding toward her.5.Colonel Harland Sanders didn't open his first KFC restaurant________he was 62, while Fauja Singh ran his first marathon at 89.6._________you feel like your life lacks purpose, don't worry. 二、地点状语从句连词词义从句位置例句Wherewherever....的地方指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或之后;表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前。You are free to go wherever you like. Where there is a will, there is a way.    【过关检测】1).After the war,a new school building was put up______ there had once been a theatre.2).I have kept the portrait ________I can see it every day,as it always reminds me of my university days in London. 三．让步状语从句让步状语从句由while, +ever no matter,although/though,even if,even though ,as,whether(or not)等词引导。1.although,though 翻译为:“虽然尽管”。如Mr.Hall understands that although math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students注意:although,though不能与but连用，但是可以与yet,still,nevertheless 连用。如 Although he has limited technical knowledge,(yet/still/nevertheless) the old worker has a lot of experience.2.even if,even though 这两个词语气比 though,although强，翻译为:“即使”两者可以通用。如:Allow children the space to voice their opinions, even if they are different from your own3.while可引导让步状语从句，放在句首，相当于although，翻译为:“尽管”。如:While I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. 4. no matter(who,what,where,when,etc.)如:One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full one’s schedule is in life5.however, whatever,whenever,wherever这些词在意思上和用法上相当于no matter how/what/when/where 用法如:This is a very interesting book.Ill buy it, however much it may cost.(2016陕西)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it 's better to remain silent. (2012浙江)6.whether…or (not).. 译为:“不管…还是…”如:Anyone.whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally respected.(2018福建)  as 连词as 翻译为“尽管”也可以引导让步状语从句但从句中要用特殊语序。如: Young as he is, he knows a lot.正常语序句子Although/Though he is young,he knows a lot.) Cold as it is, the children play outdoors.正常语序句子Although/Though it is cold the children play outdoors.【过关检测】1).It was ________a nice meal,a little expensive.2).______________________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.四．条件状语从句连词词义例句if如果You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(=if you don't study hard).除非你努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.你只要不灰心就会成功。In case there is a fire,what will we do first?万一发生火灾,我们首先做什么?Suppose/Supposing(that) they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝我们，我们还能求助于谁?unless除非So/as long as只要In case万一On condition that条件是Suppose/supposing(that)假设，如果Provided that如果【过关检测】1).________our manager objects to Tom's joining the club,we shall accept him as a member.2).You may use the room as you like_________long as you clean it up afterwards.五．目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的主要连词有sothat,in order that,for fear(that),lest 等从句中常常使用一些情态动词如can,could,may,might,should 等.1.so that, in order that表示“为了...以便…”-般放在主句之后。如:Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her family(2014浙江)2.lest, for fear that 表示“万一.惟恐”含有否定的意义。如: Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.【过关检测】(5mins)1.John shut everybody out of the kitchen__________he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.2.Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report_________her boss could read it first next morning 3.Roses need special care_________they can live through winter. 4.The police officers in our city work hard_______ the rest of us can live a safe life.(2017上海)六．原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的有because,since,as,now that,in that, seeing that,considering(that), for 等。1.because 译为:因为”。如:The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife(2018辽宁)2.since 译为:因为既然”。引导的从句大多置于句首主从句时态一般相同。如: Since people are fond of humor, it is as well in conversation as anywhere else.3.as 译为:由于因为一般多用于句首。如:Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, as this was a memory she especially treasured.(2016广东)4.now that 译为:既然、因为”如:We needn’t have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.5.in that 译为:因为” 相当于 because6.considering that,seeing that这两个词和since,now that 意思相近 翻译为:“鉴于…事实 考虑到…”。如:Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off .Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job7.for表示推断的理由，是对前面分句的内容加以解释成说明。如 It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning【过关检测】(2mins)1).I did it____________he had told me to.2).We thought that,__________we were in the area, we'd stop by and visit them.七．结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有:so that,so...that,such...that 等。1)so that 译为:结果…如:The room was packed with people, so that we couldn't get in. so that (从句常用运号与主句隔开)2.so...that 译为:如此…以致于… 如:The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.3.such…that… 翻译为:如此…以致… 如:Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.【过关检测】(lmins)1）.Pop music is such an important part of society________it has even influence our language.2）.His plan was such a good one____we all agreed to accept it. 基础练习： A.单句填空1.[2020浙江1月,65]It's also that they are on average healthier ________more productive for longer.2.[2018浙江11月,59]Small amounts of caffeine----a cup ________two of coffee a day - seem safe for most people.3.[2017 北京,25]_________birds use their feathers for flight,some of their feathers are for other purposes.4.[2017 江苏,23]Located__________the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.5.[2016 四川,70]It was time for her to have a new baby,________it was also time for the young panda to be independent.6.[2016天津,7]_______the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.7.[2016丙卷(全国),65]Over time,_______the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.8.[2016 北京,33]I really enjoy listening to music_______it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.B单句改错9.[2020全国Ⅱ改错]Actually，I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice.10.[2020全国Ⅱ改错]Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together every day.11.[2020全国Ⅲ改错]In order to make sure all of us are in good health ,and she makes specific plans for us.12.[2019 全国I改错]Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.13.[2018 全国【改错]At the end of our trip,I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.14.[2018 全国Ⅱ改错]The games my parents taught me where l was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. 15.[2018全国Ⅲ改错]Everyone was silent,waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.16.[2017 乙卷(全国I)改错]Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.17.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.18.[2016 乙卷(全国I)改错]Though not very big,but the restaurant is popular in our area.19.[2016 乙卷(全国I)改错]Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.20.[2016 甲卷(全国Ⅱ)改错]If we stay at home,it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.巩固练习:一．在空格处填入适当的连词1.[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]I work not because I have to,________because I want to.2.[2019·江苏卷]The doctor shares his phone number with the patients_________they need medical assistance.3.[2018·天津卷]Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so_______they get sweet enough to be eaten.4.[2018·北京卷]________we don't stop climate change. many animals and plants in the world will be gone.5.[2018·江苏卷]_________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus,plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.6.[2018·江苏卷]Located________the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.二．单句语法填空1.[2021·河北保定摸底考试]_________TCM has been widely accepted,it still faces challenges.2.[2021·湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校联考]They had no sooner finished the survey by asking the parents the same questions three years later_________ they found that 18 percent of kids involved in the study were obese.3.[2021·天津市河西区英语高三二模]Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion________ he wants their support.4.[2021·江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟]Unfortunately, _________we should expect gratitude ,we often find the opposite.5.They quickly gave me the gun_________asked me if I had heard the tiger.6.Count.but never stop___________you find the truth.7.There are several reasons for sleep.We sleep _________we need to dream.8.[2021·天津市河北区高三一模]________I say Tom is a smart boy, he still needs to work hard to achieve his goal.三．.语法填空(连词专练)My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.________I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.________ the door bell rang.However, my sister unlocked the door 3.________ I could open it. We were surprised the moment we saw her 4._______ her clothes and face were terribly dirty. She looked much poorer 5________.we expected.6. ________we didn't know what had happened to her, we stood there and waited for my sister's story. We wouldn't leave 7._________my sister told us all about it.8.________my sister got changed,she told us that she fell into a ditch 9._________ she walked on a path on her way to my uncle's home in the countryside. She couldn't get out of the ditch.10.________she cried for help loudly, no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it,but ll________.hard she tried,she failed to escape from it.12.______time went by,she got worried.After several vain attempts she had to stand 13. _______she was and waited 14. ______a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 15. ______the boy told , so that she came out.【拔高练习】Passage 1(2021河南中原名校上学期质量考评改编)Xiamen,_____1____(lie)in Fujian Province, is a famous coastal city. As far as I'm concerned, Xiamen is very clean and pretty. In that city, we can enjoy the clear sky, the beautiful sea,____2____green tropical plants. ___3____Xiamen is in the southeast of China and close to the sea, it's neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer. The best seasons to go to Xiamen are both spring and summer. Besides, ___4____ are some famous tourist sites in Xiamen. And the most beautiful scenic spot is Gulangyu Island. We can visit foreign buildings, nice gardens, beautiful parks,and traditional museums there. ____5____we are in Xiamen, ____6____we can't miss is to go to Gulangyu Island,____7_____ we won't have a good time.However,in recent years, Xiamen has become a lot more modern ___8____it used to be. Nowadays, more and more skyscrapers and shopping malls have been built, ____9_____ makes Xiamen a wonderful city for sightseeing and shopping. So l__10_____ (eager) wish to spend my summer holiday there next time.Next year if I have enough time and money, I plan to have a nice sightseeing tour in Xiamen with my close friends. I hope we can spend the happiest time together there. 短文改错：[2021江西五校联考]With my mother’s birthday approaching,I decided to give her surprise and celebrate it for her on my own. After finishing my work, I learned what to bake a cake online.I had everything needed after I started the baking process careful as instructed. I preheated the oven and mixed with the milk , eggs, butter or oil into cake flour. It take me roughly 30 minutes to bake the cake.It was really a challenging job. And then, I was immediately busy prepared all the dishes. Seeing what she had done, my mother was moved with tear rolling in her eyes.     参考答案：课前检测：1.When/As  2.or  3.if  4.Unless  5.where  6.until /till  7.and  8.but-and  9.unless-until/till 10.or-and基础练习：单句语法填空：1.and  2.or  3.Although/Though/While  4.where  5.and  6.As  7.as/when  8.because  单句改错:9.for-but/yet  10.such-so  11.去掉and  12.but-and  14.where-when  15.and-or  16.so-but  17.and-but  18.去掉but  19.or-and  20.but-and巩固练习：一．填连词:1.but 2.in case 3.that 4.If 5.Unless 6.where二．单句语法填空：  Although/Though/While 2.than 3.unless 4.where 5.and 6.until/before 7.because 8.While三．语法填空答案:1.while 2.than 3.before 4.because 5.than  Since 7.unless 8.After 9.when 10.Although Though 11.however 12.As 13.where 14.until15.as拔高练习：语法填空：1.lying   2.and   3.As/Because  4.there  5.Once/If  6.what  7.or  8.than  9.which  10.eagerly短文改错：1.surprise前加a  2.what-how   3.after-before  4.careful-carefully  5.删除with  6.or-and  7.take-took  8.prepared-preparing  9.she-I   10.tear--tears