习题综合训练一 -冲刺2022年高考英语重点语法通关练

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备战2022高考英语语法专题之习题综合训练一（教师版）
Passage A
When Debra Mejeur and Steve Mejeur, a middle-aged couple from Michigan, were reunited with ___1___(they) dog Lola at DuPage County Animal Services on December 5th, last Saturday, they felt like they were in a dream.
Lola got ____2____.(lose) from a fenced yard ___3___the Mejeurs were visiting a friend in Elk Grove Village in 2017. The couple returned for about a month — hoping to find a dog____4____was specially trained ___5___（help ）Debra Mejeur in case of a heart attack. The Mejeurs posted notices, got help from volunteers and hired a professional pet searcher. No luck.
DuPage County authorities got a call last week ___6___a couple in Glendale Heights who___7___ （notice) Lola going into a forest preserve in the past few years. They had been leaving food for the dog and earned her trust.
Fortunately, a microchip revealed Lola's ___8___ （owner）. “I still had an ounce of hope, I guess, but the majority of me was thinking she had already crossed the rainbow bridge. I was just ___9___.（entire） shocked," Debra Mejeur said.
Lola wagged her tail when she smelled her old blanket. Of course, at present, no one ____10____（know） how the dog survived for three years. "If only she could talk," Debra Mejeur said.
参考答案：
1. 考查代词。句意：12月5日，密歇根的一对中年夫妇黛布拉·梅杰和史蒂夫·梅杰带着他们的爱犬罗拉在杜佩吉县动物服务中心团聚，他们感觉就像在做梦一样。根据句意及后面的名词 dog 可知，此空应该填形容词性物主代词，故答案为their。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，Mejeurs夫妇去麋鹿林村拜访一位朋友时，Lola在一个有围栏的院子里迷路了。get+过去分词表示状态，此处表示“小狗丢失了”。故填lost。
3. 考查状语从句。句意：2017年，Mejeurs夫妇去麋鹿林村拜访一位朋友时，Lola在一个有围栏的院子里迷路了。根据语境可知，这对夫妇当时正在拜访一位朋友, 故用 when 引导时间状语从句，故答案为when。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：这对夫妇回来了大约一个月，希望能找到一条经过特殊训练的狗，帮助黛布拉·梅杰预防心脏病。分析句子结构可知，dog 之后是定语从句，且该从句缺少主语，故答案为 that/which。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这对夫妇回来了大约一个月，希望能找到一条经过特殊训练的狗，帮助黛布拉·梅杰预防心脏病。小狗经过专门培训是为了在心脏病发作时帮助 Debra，故用不定式做目的状语，故答案为to help。
6. 考查介词。句意：上周，杜佩吉县当局接到了格伦代尔高地一对夫妇的电话，他们注意到罗拉在过去几年里进入了一个森林保护区。根据句意，电话来自 Glendale Heights 的一对夫妇，故填答案为from。
7. 考查动词时态。句意：上周，杜佩吉县当局接到了格伦代尔高地一对夫妇的电话，他们注意到罗拉在过去几年里进入了一个森林保护区。根据句中的 got 可知，这对夫妇注意到 Lola 进入森林发生在“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时，故答案为had noticed。
8. 考查名词。句意：幸运的是，一个微芯片显示了罗拉的主人，主人是一对夫妇，故用复数，故答案为owners。
9. 考查副词。句意：我当时只有9岁，完全地震惊了。此处修饰形容词 shocked，故填副词，故答案为entirely。
10. 考查动词时态。句意：当然，目前没有人知道这只狗是怎么活了三年的。根据时间状语 at present 可知，目前没有人知道这只狗如何存活了三年，故用一般现在时，故答案为knows。
Passage B
I won’t call myself the most accomplished person when it comes to____1____(hold) chopsticks. In fact, I’m pretty sure that my technique looks clumsy at times. I tend to hold____2____(I) in the middle, more beginner than expert.
Still, since I eat almost every meal with the eating utensil (器皿) of choice in China it’s not uncommon for a new friend____3____an acquaintance to come to a simple conclusion after observing me that my Chinese husband, Jun, must____4____(show) me how to use them before.
They are wrong. I have used chopsticks ever since I was a teenager, a time when my sister and mother were both fond of Chinese cuisine and introduced me____5____many new dishes, along with the____6____(prefer) utensils in China. We always kept bamboo chopsticks along with our____7____ (knife), forks and spoons, ready for whenever we happened to have Chinese food for dinner. It was my closest family____8____observed my first mistakes I made in using chopsticks.
Plus, I lived over two years in China before Jun and I started dating and I____9____(expect) to use chopsticks in almost every restaurant, stand and bar. Trust me, when you’re hungry you figure out pretty fast what it takes to down (咽下)_____10_____meal with these utensils.
参考答案：
1.考查动名词。句意：说到拿筷子，我不会称自己为最有成就的人。在when it comes to …这一固定句型中，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。故填holding。
2.考查动词。句意：我往往握住筷子的中间。根据上下文可知，这里是指“握住我的筷子”，用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my chopsticks。故填mine。
3.考查名词。句意：尽管如此，在中国，我几乎每顿饭都用自己选择的餐具吃饭，因此，一些新朋友或熟人在观察过我之后，会得出一个简单的结论：我的中国丈夫，君，一定教过我如何使用餐具。根据句与，前后文是选择关系，故填or。
4.考查动词。句意：尽管如此，在中国，我几乎每顿饭都用自己选择的餐具吃饭，因此，一些新朋友或熟人在观察过我之后，会得出一个简单的结论：我的中国丈夫，君，一定教过我如何使用餐具。情态动词must表猜测，此处表示对过去行为的非常有把握的肯定猜测，用have done。故填have shown。
5.考查介词。句意：我十几岁的时候就开始用筷子了，当时我的姐姐和妈妈都很喜欢中国菜，给我介绍了很多新菜，还有中国的餐具。短语introduce sb. to sth.向某人介绍某物。故填to。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：我十几岁的时候就开始用筷子了，当时我的姐姐和妈妈都很喜欢中国菜，给我介绍了很多新菜，还有中国的餐具以及中国人所偏爱的器皿。这里为过去分词作定语，prefer与utensil是被动关系，意思为“被中国人所偏爱的”。故填preferred。
7.考查名词。句意：我们总是把竹筷和刀、叉、匙放在一起，随时准备着晚饭吃中国菜。根据前面的our和后面的forks and spoons可知，这里用其复数形式。故填knives。
8.考查强调句。句意：是我最亲密的家人发现了我在使用筷子时所犯的第一个错误。分析句子结构，去掉It was和该空，句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以该句是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是：it is /was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子的其他成分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that，这里被强调的部分是my closest family，所以既可用who也可用that。故填who/that。
9.考查时态和语态。句意：另外，六月之前我在中国生活了两年多，我开始约会，几乎每个餐馆、摊位和酒吧都要求我使用筷子。I与expect之间是被动关系，用被动语态；作者在回忆往事，用一般过去时。故填was expected。
10.考查冠词。句意：相信我，当你饿的时候你很快就会知道用这些餐具吃一顿饭需要什么。此处meal为可数名词，表示泛指，且meal是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
Passage C
In the past few years, quite a number of men and women ____1___(choose) to do something less competitive. They are afraid that the stress of work robs them of joy and happiness and bring them harm both physically and mentally.
In fact, however, stress isn't such____2____ bad thing. Above all, unless it___3____(get) out of control, a certain amount of stress is important ____4___ it provides motivation and challenge, and purpose to an otherwise meaningless life.____5____addition, people under stress tend to express their full range of potential and to realize their own personal worth - the very aim of a human life. Last but not least, research has showed that,__6__(actual), modest amounts of stress can____7___(strong) the immune system and be good for health.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way____8___(escape). Developing our adaptive____9____(able) to deal with stress can prevent us from_____10____(defeat) by the competitive society.
参考答案：
1.考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，相当多的男性和女性选择做一些竞争不那么激烈的事情。根据时间状语in the past few years，此处使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，动词应该使用第三人称复数形式。故填have chosen。
2.考查冠词。句意：然而，事实上，压力并不是一件坏事。thing在此处指事情，为可数名词，泛指，且bad发音以辅音音素开头，需用冠词a。故填a。
3.考查时态。句意：最重要的是，除非它失去控制，一定量的压力是重要的，因为它提供了动机、挑战和目的，否则生活毫无意义。unless引导的条件状语从句规则：若主句为一般现在时，从句也为一般现在时。根据主句中的is可以判定为一般现在时，所以从句也用一般现在时。故填gets。
4.考查连词。句意：最重要的是，除非它失去控制，一定量的压力是重要的，因为它提供了动机、挑战和目的，否则生活毫无意义。前后形成因果关系，说明连词表“因为”含义。故填because/as。
5.考查介词。句意：除此之外，处于压力下的人倾向于发挥他们的全部潜力，实现自己的个人价值，这是人的生活的目的。in addition为固定短语，意为“除此之外”。又因为在文章句首，所以需要首字母大写。故填In。
6.考查副词。句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，研究表明，实际上，适度的压力可以增强免疫系统，对健康有益。句中用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填actually。
7.考查动词。句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，研究表明，实际上，适度的压力可以增强免疫系统，对健康有益。情态动词can与the immune system之间明显差了一个动词，所以形容词要变换成动词。情态动词can后面跟动词原型。故填strengthen。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：压力是日常生活中很自然的一部分，没有办法逃避。名词way后面需要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to escape。
9.考查名词。句意：发展我们应对压力的适应能力可以防止我们被竞争激烈的社会打败。adaptive为形容词修饰名词。故填ability。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：发展我们应对压力的适应能力可以防止我们被竞争激烈的社会打败。prevent sb from doing sth为固定短语，us与defeat之间是被动关系。故填being defeated。
Passage D
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continues, the new high-speed railway line____1____ (connect) the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou has just entered service. It cuts the travel time between the two from three hours____2____ 47 minutes. But this isn’t just another bullet train. This beauty, part of China’s Fuxing series, can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, ____3____ (say) to be the world’s first smart high-speed railway.
So what makes them “smart”? Well, the carriages____4____ (equip) with 5G signals, intelligent lighting and sensors to collect real-time data and detect any operational abnormalities. Meanwhile, each individual seat has____5___ (it) own touch-screen control panel and wireless charging docks. Though the high-speed trains on the route are autonomous, ____6____ monitoring driver will be on board at all times. The trains can___7___ (automatic) start, stop and adjust to the different speed____8__ (limit) between stations. Back at the station, robots and facial recognition technologies can help passengers with directions, luggage and paperless check-ins.
Today, China is home to the world’s largest high-speed rail network, and the___9____ (fast) commercially operating train — the Shanghai maglev. According to the China State Railway Group, 1,036 Fuxing bullet trains have been put into operation since 2017, _____10___ the series first launched.
参考答案：
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：随着2022年北京冬奥会进入倒计时，连接首都和冬运会主办城市张家口的新型高速铁路线已经进入服务运行。句子有谓语动词是has entered，connect和谓语之间无连词，故判断此空为非谓语动词形式作定语。railway line“铁路线”与connect“连接”是主动关系，用现在分词，故填connecting。
2.考查介词。句意：它缩减了旅行时间，从2至3个小时缩短至47分钟。介词短语: from…to…“从.....到…”是固定短语，故填to。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：这条美丽的中国复兴系列列车在无人驾驶的情况下时速可达350公里，据说是世界上第一条智能高铁。句子有谓语can run，动词say和谓语之间无连词，判断此空为非谓语动词，主语This beauty, part of China’s Fuxing series与say之间是被动关系，用过去分词作主语补足语。故填said。
4.考查动词时态语态。句意：车厢配备了5G信号，智能灯和感应器来收集实时数据，侦测任何操作中的不正常。equip是谓语动词，主语carriages和equip是 被动关系,即： be equipped with,“配备……”，根据上句中的makes以及句意，可知为一般现在时， 构成一般现在时的被动语态: am/is/are+done，主语carriages是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are equipped 。
5.考查代词。句意：每个单独的座位有它自己的触屏控制面板。此空修饰名词panel，表示“它自己的触屏控制面板”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词。故填its。
6.考查冠词。句意：尽管高速列车在线路上运行是自动的，全程也会有一名监控司机在车上。driver,司机，单数名词;表示“一个，一名”用不定冠词，monitoring的发音以 辅音音素开头，故填a。
7.考查副词。句意：列车能自动启动，停止，调整适应车站之间的不同速度限制。此空修饰动词start, stop, and adjust，副词修饰动词，automatic是形容词，自动的，用其副词形式，automatically自动地。故填automatically。
8.考查名词。句意同上。此空前有形容词different，不同的，判断此空为名词复数。limit作名词表示“具体的限制”时是可数名词，故填limits。
9.考查形容词最高级。句意：如今，中国是世界上最大的高铁网络和最快的商业控制火车——上海磁悬浮列车的发源地。前有定冠词the结合句意，表示“最快的”，用最高级。 fast的最高级为fastest。故填fastest。
10.考查定语从句。句意：根据中国国家铁路部，自2017年该系列首次推出以来，已有1036列复兴号动车投入运营。此处考查定语从句，先行词为2017,在定语从句中作时间状语，故用表示时间的关系副词when。故填when。
Passage E
Two special friends in the Cincinnati area have created a ____1____(merry) Christmas than ever for the children and families affected during the pandemic, and it ___2___(inspire) by the experience of gratitude they both felt as they grew up.
Jordynn and her best friend Skylar started Make a Kid Merry, ____3____organization that provides holiday gifts to kids—the same support as their own moms received years ago.____4____(grow) up, both Jordynn and Skylar were raised by single mothers, and this fueled their desire this year ___5___(make) sure they “pay it forward” to offer support to other kids of single-parent families during the holidays.
COVID-19 has influenced numerous families since it ____6___ (break) out, so the two friends decided to set providing gifts for 50 kids ____7__ their goal. They asked for community____8___(donate), and enlisted friends as elves (精灵) to _____9___(beautiful) wrap the gifts and deliver them.
“We both come from single-mother households, _____10______resulted in the fact that we both had to be sponsored for Christmases before,” Jordynn told WCPO news. “We just wanted to be able to create a way to give back to our community.”
参考答案：
1.考查比较级。句意：辛辛那提地区的两位特殊朋友为受疫情影响的儿童和家庭创造了一个比以往任何时候都更快乐的圣诞节，这是受到他们在成长过程中都心存感激的经历的启发。根据后文“than ever”可知应用比较级merrier，修饰名词Christmas。故填merrier。
2.考查动词时态语态。句意：辛辛那提地区的两位特殊朋友为受疫情影响的儿童和家庭创造了一个比以往任何时候都更快乐的圣诞节，这是受到他们在成长过程中都心存感激的经历的启发。结合语境和后文“as they grew up”可知描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填was inspired。
3.考查冠词。句意：Jordynn和她最好的朋友Skylar创办了一个名为“让孩子快乐”的组织，专门为孩子们提供节日礼物——就像他们自己的妈妈几年前收到的支持一样。organization为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且organization是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。此处an organization that provides holiday gifts to kids为Make a Kid Merry的同位语，对其进行补充说明。故填an。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：在成长的过程中，Jordynn和Skylar都是由单亲妈妈抚养长大的，这让她们今年更想要“传递爱心”，在节日期间为其他单亲家庭的孩子提供帮助。分析句子结构可知grow在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Jordynn and Skylar构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Growing。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：在成长的过程中，Jordynn和Skylar都是由单亲妈妈抚养长大的，这让她们今年更想要“传递爱心”，在节日期间为其他单亲家庭的孩子提供帮助。结合句意表示“某人做某事的欲望”短语为one’s desire to do sth.，此处用不定式作后置定语。故填to make。
6.考查动词时态。句意：新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，影响了许多家庭，两位朋友决定将为50个孩子提供礼物作为他们的目标。分析可知，设空处为since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，从句中描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填broke。
7.考查介词。句意：新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，影响了许多家庭，两位朋友决定将为50个孩子提供礼物作为他们的目标。后跟名词goal作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
8.考查名词。句意：他们要求社区捐款，并招募朋友作为精灵漂亮地包装礼物并把它们送出去。空处作宾语，表示“捐赠，捐款”应用名词donation，此处可用单数也可用复数形式。故填donation(s)。
9.考查副词。句意：他们要求社区捐款，并招募朋友作为精灵漂亮地包装礼物并把它们送出去。修饰动词wrap应用副词beautifully，作状语。故填beautifully。
10.考查定语从句。句意：Jordynn告诉WCPO新闻：“我们都来自单亲家庭，这导致我们之前圣诞节都得接受赞助。”此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
Passage F
Early one morning, my father, still half asleep, woke up ____1____ a strangest sound. He wondered ____2____ someone was calling out “hello“ to him. As he attempted to go back to sleep, he heard the strange greeting echoing out into ____3____ still, dark morning once more. Who could it be? Awoken with ____4____(whole) open eyes, my father looked into every corner of the house to search for the troublemaker, but in vain.
Hours later, totally exhausted, my dad threw himself into the sofa. Again came the____5____ (annoy) voice. Suddenly, he saw the cat, Slinky, pacing around the living-room and trying to get him ____6____ (open) the door by making the strange sound: a meow mixed with a loud drawn-out that “hello”.
When dad told us about the ____7____(usual) sound Slinky had made over and over, my brothers and I didn't believe him. Our cat saying “hello"? Then, one evening when we were eating dinner and had forgotten to feed Slinky first, we heard it. We ____8____(convince) that Slinky had figured out that the best way to gain our attention ____9____(be) to start with a hearty chorus of “hello”. She sounded exactly like our mother, who for_____10_____(year) had been greeting Slinky every morning with a deep, theatrical drawn-out “H-E-L-L-O!”
参考答案：
1.考查介词。句意：一天清晨，我父亲还在半睡半醒的时候被一个奇怪的声音吵醒了。此处表示“伴随；随同”应用介词to。故填to。
2.考查宾语从句。句意：他想知道是否有人在向他喊“你好”。空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用if或whether。故填if/whether。
3.考查冠词。句意：当他试图再睡去的时候，他听到那奇怪的问候再次回荡在寂静、黑暗的早晨。morning此处为特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。
4.考查副词。句意：我的父亲大睁开眼睛惊醒了，他看遍了房子的每一个角落，想寻找那个捣鬼，但是没有找到。修饰形容词open，表示“大睁着的眼睛”应用副词wholly。故填wholly。
5.考查形容词。句意：那恼人声音又来了。修饰后文名词voice，应用-ing结尾形容词annoying，作定语。故填annoying。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：突然，他看见那只叫Slinky的猫在客厅里踱来踱去，他发出一种奇怪的声音——猫叫的声音和长长的“你好”的声音混在一起，试图让他打开房门。结合句意表示“让某人做某事”短语为get sb. to do sth.。故填to open。
7.考查形容词。句意：当爸爸一遍又一遍地告诉我们Slinky发出的不寻常的声音时，我和我的兄弟们都不相信他。修饰后文名词sound，表示“不寻常的”应用形容词unusual，作定语。故填unusual。
8.考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们确信，Slinky已经想出了吸引我们注意的最好办法，那就是一开始就衷心地齐声说“你好”。表示“确信”短语为be convinced that…，事情发生在过去应用一般过去时，主语为we，谓语动词用复数。故填were convinced。
9.考查动词时态。句意：我们确信，Slinky已经想出了吸引我们注意的最好办法，那就是一开始就衷心地齐声说“你好”。结合上文可知事情发生在过去应用一般过去时，主语为he best way to gain our attention，谓语动词用单数。故填was。
10.考查名词的数。句意：她的声音听起来和我们的母亲一模一样，多年来，她每天早上都用低沉、夸张的“H-E-L-L-O”来问候Slinky。结合句意表示“多年来”可知短语为for years。故填years。
Passage G
Located in the Haidian Disrict, northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is 15 kilometers away from the downtown area, which _____1_____ (consist) of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake, ____2____ (cover) an area of 2.9 square kilometers. Being the largest and most well-preserved royal garden in China, it ____3____ (great) influences Chinese horticulture (园艺) and landscape with its ____4____ (fame) natural views and the works of humankind.
Originally ____5____ (name) Qingyi Yuan or the Garden of Clear Nipples, the Summer Palace was first constructed in 1750. It later became the main residence of royal members in ____6____ end of the Qing Dynasty. However, like most of the gardens in Beijing, the Summer Palace was destroyed by fire and was razed to the ground by the Anglo-french Allied Forces. The Summer Palace was rebuilt in 1886, ____7____ was supposed to serve as a summer resort for the Empress Dowager Cixi. In 1900 the Summer Palace suffered another hit by the Eight-power Alied Forces. Then it took the government two years ____8____ (repair) the Summer Palace. In 1924, it was open ____9____ the public. The Summer Palace was added to the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 1998, and became one of the first national AAAAA tourist ______10______ (attraction) in China.
参考答案：
1.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：颐和园位于北京西北海淀区，距市中心15公里，由万寿山和昆明湖组成，占地2.9平方公里。which引导的定语从句缺少谓语，consist of为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，which指代the Summer Palace，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：句意同上。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the Summer Palace和cover为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填covering。
3.考查副词。句意：作为中国规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林，它以其著名的自然景观和人类的作品，极大地影响了中国的园艺和景观。修饰动词influences需用副词greatly作状语。故填greatly。
4.考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词views，需用形容词作定语。故填famous。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：颐和园始建于1750年，原名清漪园。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词was constructed，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the Summer Palace和name为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填named。
6.考查冠词。句意：它后来成为清朝末期皇室成员的主要住所。In the end of为固定短语，意为“在……结束的时候”。故填the。
7.考查定语从句。句意：颐和园于1886年重建，原本是慈禧太后的避暑胜地。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Summer Palace，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：然后用了两年的时间来修复颐和园。It takes sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，空处需填动词不定式。故填to repair。
9.考查介词。句意：1924年，它向公众开放。be open to为固定短语，意为“向……开放”。故填to。
10.考查名词。句意：1998年，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录，成为中国首批国家5A级旅游景点之一。attraction意为“景点”，是可数名词，one of后面需加可数名词复数形式。故填attractions。
Passage H
Jingdezhen porcelain(瓷器) is Chinese porcelain produced in or near Jingdezhen in southern China.Jingdezhen has produced porcelain 　1　 (century)ago.And the town 　2　 was named Jingdezhen by Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty became a major kiln(窑)site around 1004.During the period,the 　3　(produce)of porcelain in this area first became 　4　(know).By the 14th century it had become the largest centre of producing Chinese porcelain,which remained in the following times.In the Ming Dynasty,official kilns in Jingdezhen 　5　(control)by the emperor,making quality porcelain in large quantities for the emperor to give abroad as gifts.As a result,the town was 　6　(close)linked to the world. 
Although being a remote town in a hilly area,Jingdezhen is near the quality porcelain stone and forests which can provide plenty of wood for the kilns.It also has 　7　river flowing from north to south,　8　(benefit)the transport of the fragile objects. 
Jingdezhen has produced a great variety of 　9　 (value) porcelain.As a result,the town is famous 　10　 the “Porcelain Capital”.One type of its well-known high quality porcelain object is the blue and white porcelain from the 1330s. 
参考答案：
1.centuries　考查名词。根据句意,景德镇从数个世纪以前就开始生产瓷器了,可以得知此处应该填复数centuries。
2.which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以得知句子主干是“the town became a major kiln site around 1004”。the town指物,作先行词在定语从句中作主语,后接which/that引导的限制性定语从句,故填which或that。
3.production　考查词性转换。句意:在此期间,这个地区的瓷器产品变得知名起来。此处瓷器是一种手工艺品,是一种产品。由the限定用名词,故将produce改成它的名词形式production。
4.known　考查非谓语动词。此处是变得被知道,变得知名起来的意思,故使用know的过去分词形式作became的表语。故填known 。
5.were controlled　考查被动语态。句意:被皇帝控制的官窑生产大量的优质瓷器给皇帝当礼物送给国外。此处给的单词control是“控制”的意思,而官窑不可能自己控制自己,只能由另外的人比如此处的皇帝控制。主语official kilns为复数,故填were controlled。
6.closely　考查副词。句意:结果,这个小镇与世界紧密相连。close此处的意思是“紧密的,靠近的”,修饰动词时要用副词作状语。故填closely。
7.a　考查不定冠词。根据上下文,这段讲述的是景德镇的地理位置优越性。它也有一条河流从北边流向南边。一条河流用不定冠词修饰,river开头是辅音音素,故填a。
8.benefiting　考查非谓语动词。句意:……因此有利于运输易碎的物品。主语和动词benefit是主动关系,用动词-ing形式作结果状语,故填benefiting。
9.valuable　考查形容词。句意:景德镇生产各种各样珍贵的瓷器产品。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词porcelain。故填 valuable。
10.as　考查介词。句意:结果,景德镇作为“瓷器之都”而出名。be famous as“作为……出名”,as表示“作为”。故填as。
Passage I
The novel coronavirus diseases(COVID -19) hit Wuhan,China,in early 2020,with the number of infected people 　1　 (rise) rapidly across the country.The viral disease that swept into most countries around 　2　 globe and killed thousands of people was officially characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization,on 11 March,2020. 
COVID -19,　3　 was reported,is genetically similar 　4　the known bat coronaviruses.Wild animals sold for food were 　5　 (original) suspected to be the intermediary hosts of COVID -19 because in China many of the first individuals 　6　 (find) infected by the virus were workers at Huanan Seafood Market.The outbreak promoted a ban on the trade and 　7　 (consume) of wild animals in China. 
The Chinese government and people demonstrated their responsibility with　8　 (practice) actions.A strict national prevention and control program was swiftly put in place.Two specialized hospitals were built in less than 15 days.　9　 (guarantee) that no family in need was left unattended to,community workers left no stone unturned in checking on every block.In those toughest days,donations in cash and kind 　10　 (make) to help battle the disease.Thanks to the joint efforts,everything is getting better and better. 
参考答案：
1.rising　考查非谓语动词。句意:2020年初,新型冠状病毒袭击中国武汉,全国感染人数迅速上升。此处是with的独立主格结构作状语,即with+宾语+宾语补足语。其中,the number of infected people和rise之间是主动关系,故使用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。
2.the　考查冠词。句意:2020年3月11日,世界卫生组织正式将席卷全球大多数国家并导致数千人死亡的病毒性疾病定义为流行性疾病。此处用定冠词the表示特指。
3.as　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:据报道,COVID -19在基因上与已知的蝙蝠冠状病毒相似。as was reported“正如所报道的”。此处as是关系代词,意思是“正如”,引导非限制性定语从句。
4.to　考查介词。be similar to“与……相似”,to是介词。
5.originally　考查副词。句意:最初,人们怀疑作为食物出售的野生动物是新型冠状病毒的中间宿主,因为许多第一批被发现感染该病毒的人是华南海鲜市场的工作人员。此处suspected是动词,故用副词originally修饰。
6.found　考查非谓语动词。此处individuals和find之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。
7.consumption　考查名词。句意:这次爆发促使中国禁止野生动物贸易和消费。分析句子结构可知,这里用consume的名词形式与名词trade并列。consume的名词形式是consumption。
8.practical　考查形容词。句意:中国政府和人民以实际行动证明了他们的责任。actions是名词,用形容词修饰,practice是名词,其形容词形式是practical。
9.To guarantee　考查非谓语动词。句意:为了保证每一个需要帮助的家庭都有人照料,社区工作人员想尽一切办法对每一个街区进行检查。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填To guarantee。注意to的第一个字母要大写。
10.were made　考查时态和语态。句意:在那些最艰难的日子里,人们捐赠现金和实物来帮助抗击疫情。根据In those toughest days可知这里在指过去的事情,句子主语donations是复数形式,和make之间是被动关系,所以此处用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填were made