2022年贵州省贵阳市观山湖区中考一模英语试题(word版含答案)

2022年贵州省贵阳市观山湖区中考一模英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、短文选词填空

阅读下面一篇短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。

At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man ___1___ on the side of the road. A woman next to him was shouting for help.

The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus ___2___ thinking twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart ___3___ and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act quickly. He got on the bus and said he must take the man to the hospital. He expected most or all of the ___4___ to get off and wait for the next bus. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. They helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus.

Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors ___5___ the man in time. “It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble,” says one passenger. “But the driver didn’t think about ___6___. He only thought about saving a life.”

二、完形填空

My husband and I bought a house when we were in our fifties. One of the ___7___ we bought it was that it was so attractive. It had a big Japanese red pine, which looked beautiful in our front yard. For 20 years, it was a beauty to all who passed by. Raccoons (浣熊) climbed its trunk ___8___ and squirrels played happily in its branches. It shaded the bright sun over my small garden of roses and bushes (灌木丛) that I’d planted for ___9___.

Early last year, a heavy snowfall hit our city. While we were enjoying a quiet Saturday morning, the house ___10___ and we heard a loud crash. The tree had fallen, taking out most of the bushes in our yard. So we called forestry workers, who cut off its trunk and branches and took the ___11___ away. After a week, the yard was still a mess, with wood shavings (木屑) and holes everywhere.

In March, I bought a few new bush and rose seedlings (幼苗) to ___12___ those that I thought hadn’t lived. But in May, plenty of ___13___ flowers were growing in the yard! As the sun shone down, the flowers were able to grow and attract bees. My old bushes grew back and were ___14___ than they were before! Our yard turned into a beautiful garden. And this summer, one ___15___ later, all of the plants are three times bigger than they ever before!

Life might be ____16____ for you at the moment, but you never know what the future holds. It might just be much brighter.

7．A．situations B．reasons C．meanings

8．A．excitedly B．early C．exactly

9．A．snakes B．butterflies C．bees

10．A．shook B．fell C．rose

11．A．flowers B．wood C．forest

12．A．exchange B．influence C．replace

13．A．dried B．new C．wild

14．A．healthier B．thinner C．fewer

15．A．week B．month C．year

16．A．poor B．dangerous C．hard

三、阅读单选

17．When you have some worries at school, you should _________.

A．share with friends B．chat with teachers C．take some medicine

18．If someone around you is ill, what should you do?

A．Leave them alone. B．Support each other. C．Stay with them.

19．According to the material, which is the healthy practice when you cough or sneeze?

A． B． C．

20．The material is most probably taken from a _________.

A．notice board B．travel magazine C．technology website

When you hear the word “shapeshifting”, you may think of science fiction movies, and not the climate. But that’s what animals are doing to deal with climate change.

A new study shows that some animals are gradually growing larger beaks, legs and ears. In this way they can lose heat more easily to cool themselves down as the Earth gets warmer.

“A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans overcome this?’ or ‘What technology can solve this?’ But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes,” said the study’s author, Sara Ryding, from Deakin University, Australia. If animals fail to control their body temperature, they can overheat and die.

For instance, the beaks of some Australian parrot species (物种) have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871. The study says it’s closely related to rising summer temperatures over the years. Similar examples include wood mice. They have longer tails. Masked shrews (假面鼩鼱) are getting longer tails and legs, and bats in warm climates have bigger wings.

Although the changes are still small, Ryding said they could be more obvious as the days become hotter. “Body parts like ears are predicted to be bigger, so we might end up with a live-action Dumbo [big-eared elephant from a Disney cartoon] in the near future,” Ryding told BBC．

Although animals are changing their body shapes, scientists warn that it doesn’t mean everything is fine. It just means they are trying hard to live. Not all animals will succeed. “The climate change that humans have created is giving a whole lot of pressure on animals, and while some will adapt, others will not.” said Ryding.

21．What’s the best title of this passage?

A．Animals and Humans B．Elephants’ Shapeshifting C．Growing with the Climate

22．How does the writer explain animals’ shapeshifting?

A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By comparing facts.

23．What does the underlined word “overheat” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Get so excited. B．Become too hot. C．Be at a high heat.

24．What can we infer (推断) from Ryding in the last paragraph?

A．Human activities are the main reason for animals’ shapeshifting.

B．The climate change is giving a whole lot of pressure on humans.

C．Some animals will lose their lives because of the climate change.

Did you forget your password or your ID? Well, you’ll never forget your face. Using your face as your ID is more convenient. You could take the subway or get on the plane with just your face alone. This is how facial recognition (人脸识别) works. It has also been used to catch criminals. The pop singer Taylor Swift even used the technology to find out the person who did something bad to her at her concerts.

In China, facial recognition systems have been used in many areas. In Guiyang, people can now get on the subway by using that. They just need to connect their online payment systems with the subway’s smartphone app. Students at certain schools can pass through school gates by scanning their faces.

However, there are no laws to control the use and collection of facial information now, according to Zhao Zhanling, a researcher at the China University of Political Science and Law. Many people are worried about the collection and use of the information by governments and companies. Why do they need to collect data about your face and what will the data be used for? These are some common questions about the facial recognition debate.

“I feel uncomfortable because I don’t know how the company is using my facial information or whether it will be let out. If so, my secret information will become known to the public.” Feng Yi, a tourism company worker, said about Guiyang’s subway smartphone app. A leak is a problem that worries people because companies have always failed to protect users’ data. When someone steals your personal information, you can change your bank card and password, but can you change your face when your facial information is stolen?

As facial recognition is used more and more in our daily lives—from schools and subways to street corners and smartphones—we must ask ourselves whether or not this new technology is worth the risk.

25．According to the passage, people in Guiyang can take the subway by _________.

A．showing ID cards B．entering passwords C．scanning faces

26．The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to “_________”.

A．the tourism company B．the facial information C．the common question

27．What’s the correct structure of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1)

A． B． C．

28．Why does the writer write the passage?

A．To advise people to use the facial recognition reasonably in their lives.

B．To introduce the ways to use the facial recognition in Guiyang.

C．To explain the reason why people like to use the facial recognition.

四、阅读还原6选5

We all know there is a problem with plastic pollution. Five trillion plastic bags are used every year. ____29____

What if we could use plastic waste to build roads? This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done.

In 2019, McCartney’s UK-based company, MacRebur, built the world’s first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains (颗粒) and then mixed with bitumen (沥青). ____30____ But it has improved strength and is more stretchy (有弹性的) thanks to the plastic.

____31____ “I saw people in India would put plastic waste into holes and burn it. The plastic would melt down and form a seal (密封物) in the hole,” said McCartney.

“I knew that there must be some similarities between the plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil. ____32____” he said.

After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect recipe (配方). And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world, from Australia to Europe. A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684,000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled at the end of its lifespan (使用期限). ____33____

“We’re just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it’s nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my daughters to live in a world where there are more plastics in our ocean than fish.”

A．The road looks just like any other road.

B．McCartney’s idea came from a trip to India.

C．The materials can be reused to build new roads.

D．That’s how I started to think about mixing them.

E．He thought he could build the road in India in this way.

F．One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute.

五、阅读补全句子

阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。

During the Jin Dynasty, there was a child named Che Yin. He grew up in a poor family and couldn’t afford lamp oil to study at night. One night, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) outside his house and thought up an idea. He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It was said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this.

One night during winter, another child named Sun Kang used up all of his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he suddenly woke up at midnight, he saw the thick snow reflecting the moonlight outside his house. His thought was “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!” He took out his books and read.

Both of these kids later became successful government officials. People were touched by their hard-working spirit and their stories inspired (启发) the Chinese idiom nangying yingxue, or “to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow”.

In the past, people had a much harder time studying than we do. For poor families, paper and writing brushes were often too expensive to afford. Students even had to travel over mountains and rivers in order to find a good teacher. However, young minds didn’t stop pursuing (追寻) knowledge in these hard conditions.

In 2012, President Xi Jinping told these stories to government officials. He also mentioned xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang. All of these stories encourage people to study hard in spite of difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials will keep this hard-working spirit in mind.

These stories are just like the dim light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge.

34．From the story of Che Yin, we know he could study with ____________________ at night.

35．Sun Kang became a successful government official because of ____________________.

36．In the past, the difficult conditions did not prevent people ____________________.

37．President Xi encourages people to study hard by ____________________.

38．The best title of the passage is “________________ to Guide You”.

六、用所给单词的正确形式填空

39．As a saying goes, knowledge comes from _______ (question).

40．As we all know, the beginning of Spring is the _______ (one) solar term of a year.

41．Whether Mary _______ (win) or loses in study, her parents always take pride in her.

42．Alice made a _______ (decide) to volunteer in the children’s hospital to cheer the patients up.

43．The return capsule of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceship returned to Earth _______ (safe) on April 16, 2022.

七、多句选词填空

根据语境，选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。短语中有一个为多余短语。

44．As citizens, everybody isn’t allowed to smoke _______.

45．Mr. Green can see in students’ eyes that they _______ knowledge.

46．A fire-fighting educational activity will be held in my school and I _______attending it.

47．In China, people can use _______ to accept the check with the development of science.

48．In Chinese history, everybody should know that the May Fourth Movement _______ in 1919.

八、完成句子

49．你越仔细，你犯的错误就会越少。

The more careful you are, _______ _______ mistakes you will make.

50．直到我们自己成为父母才会明白父母之爱。

We _______ know the love of the parents _______ we become parents ourselves.

51．教会学生在地震中保护自己是有必要的。

_______ _______ to teach students to learn how to protect themselves in an earthquake.

52．得知中国女足获得2022亚洲杯冠军时，我们感到无比骄傲！

When we knew the Chinese women’s football team won the 2022 Asian Cup, _______ _______ we felt!

53．我认为人们不应该食用鱼翅羹以支持环保行动。

I _______ _______ people should have shark fin soup to support environmental protection action.

九、材料作文

54．全国各地的中小学都在加强对学生身体素质和体育锻炼的关注。各种形式的运动，无论是篮球、足球，或是游泳、跳绳等等，都会给我们的身心带来极大的帮助。《大众体育》杂志正在举办关于“运动”为主题的征文活动，请你以“Doing Sports Makes Me _________”为题，写一篇不少于80词的征文投稿。

写作要求：1.补全标题；

2.包含思维导图中的所有信息；

3.请举例说明此项运动对于你的好处与意义；

4.文中不得出现考生的任何个人真实信息。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：

1．C

2．G

3．A

4．F

5．B

6．E

7．B

8．A

9．C

10．A

11．B

12．C

13．B

14．A

15．C

16．C

17．B

18．B

19．C

20．A

21．C

22．A

23．B

24．C

25．C

26．B

27．C

28．A

29．F

30．A

31．B

32．D

33．C

34．the light of bagged fireflies

35．his hard-working spirit

36．(from) pursuing knowledge

37．telling meaningful stories

38．The Spirit

39．questions

40．first

41．wins

42．decision

43．safely

44．in public

45．are thirsty for

46．look forward to

47．electric tickets

48．took place

49．     the     fewer

50．     don’t##never     until

51．     It’s     necessary

52．     how     proud

53．     don’t     think

54．例文

Doing sports makes me strong

Recently, sports have been very popular with many people. In my opinion, doing sports makes me strong because it builds up my body and mind.

I was short and thin before, so my father always took me out for running. At first, I usually felt tired and wanted to give up. But my father encouraged me to stick with it. So I run every day with my father. Now, I grow taller and stronger. At the sports meeting this year, I even won the first prize in the 1,500-meter race. Since then, I have been stronger and stronger and I don’t fear any difficulty.

In a word, I like running because doing sports makes me strong.