专题04 阅读理解（一）-2022年全国高考英语最新模拟题分类汇编（2月）

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一、阅读理解01
（2022·北京顺义·一模）
2018 Wildlife Phtgrapher f the Year was Suth African Skye Meaker, winner f a 45,000 entry cmpetitin, just 16 years f age. Skye has been published ver the years in print media nt just fr his phtgraphy but als vicing his pinin n cnservatin in Suth Africa and the need fr mre yung phtgraphers ut there. Fr Skye, phtgraphy is nt just abut the cmpetitins entered and wn but als the platfrm it affrds him t create awareness abut ur natural wrld and cnserving it in the lng term.
Here is part f an interview t Skye frm the Ratinal Perspective.
Hst: Hw d yu get t have the ability t see these animals in the wild?
Skye: Well, I've been frtunate enugh that my parents are s passinate abut the bush that it's just a by-prduct f me ging n adventures with them that I've been able t pursue my phtgraphy because it's nt smething that every kid will like. I want wildlife phtgraphy. S it's quite a unique situatin fr me. It's smething that I have been brught up and smething I've been frtunate t experience.
Hst: Hw d yu take a gd picture f a lepard?
Skye: I had been fllwing Limpy (the Lepard) fr many years and she hlds a special place in my heart. I had grwn alngside her. Fr me, the perfect sht is ne where I feel as if I'm nt really there. It's ne where the animal is cmfrtable enugh t behave as if I'm nt there. I like t feel immersed in the mment and capture nature at its mst natural. I like t fcus n what I wuld like t see in the mment and what I feel. S in my winning picture I saw the peace and tranquillity f the mment, and that's what I tried t capture.
What des Skye think f phtgraphy?
A．A platfrm t shw needs.B．A way t gain gd reputatin.
C．A chance t get clse t natural wrld.D．A place t raise awareness f cnservatin.
2. Which f the fllwing enables Skye t bserve wild animals?
A．His learning experience.B．Winning the cmpetitin.
C．Adventuring with his parents.D．His phtgraphy knwledge.
3. What is the real reasn fr Skype's success?
A．He stayed in the wild peacefully.
B．He captured the animal t take pictures.
C．He fund a special place fr the animal.
D．He tk the pht f the animal in its natural state.
【答案】1-3 DCD
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是对2018年年度野生动物摄影师斯凯·米克尔的采访。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Fr Skye, phtgraphy is nt just abut the cmpetitins entered and wn but als the platfrm it affrds him t create awareness abut ur natural wrld and cnserving it in the lng term.”可知，斯凯认为摄影一个提高保护意识的地方。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章斯凯对主持人的第一个问题的回答“Well, I've been frtunate enugh that my parents are s passinate abut the bush that it's just a by-prduct f me ging n adventures with them that I've been able t pursue my phtgraphy because it's nt smething that every kid will like. I want wildlife phtgraphy. S it's quite a unique situatin fr me. It's smething that I have been brught up and smething I've been frtunate t experience.”可知，和父母一起冒险使斯凯能够观察野生动物。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章斯凯对主持人的第二个问题的回答“Fr me, the perfect sht is ne where I feel as if I'm nt really there. It's ne where the animal is cmfrtable enugh t behave as if I'm nt there. I like t feel immersed in the mment and capture nature at its mst natural. I like t fcus n what I wuld like t see in the mment and what I feel. S in my winning picture I saw the peace and tranquillity f the mment, and that's what I tried t capture.”可知，斯凯成功的真正原因是他给动物拍了一张自然状态的照片。故选D。
二、阅读理解02
（2022·内蒙古赤峰·高三期末）
Unlike many ther peple, wh have birthmarks n their bdies, I have them n my lips and inside my muth. I used t cnsider them ugly. Hwever, my mm calls them beauty marks.
My birthmarks are caused by an genetic cnditin frm my mm’s side f the family. This syndrme causes plyps (息肉), which are small nn-cancerus grwths in the intestinal tract (肠道). Every ther year I have a prcedure where the dctr remves them frm my intestines. On the day befre, I can’t eat anything slid because the dctrs need my intestines t be clear s that they dn’t mistake fd fr a plyp. I als cannt drink anything red, because they may mistake it fr bld n the scan. Befre the prcedure they give me anesthesia (麻醉).
N matter hw many times I g thrugh the prcess. I always get nervus — but that’s understandable. At the end f the day I always knw I’ll end up kay.
My yunger cusin faces a similar challenge. She has a huge birthmark that takes up her whle arm. Her birthmark is pretty nticeable and lks like faded red spltches f paint. She’s never tried t hide her birthmark r change her appearance. It really inspires me. She has always been s much mre cnfident abut her birthmark than I am. Once, her grandmther tld her mm that her birthmark lked extremely prminent and suggested that she shuld wear lng sleeves mre ften. If my yunger cusin’s mm had actually taken that suggestin, my yunger cusin wuldn’t be as cnfident abut her birthmark as she is.
I culd have cvered up my birthmarks a while ag by wearing black lipstick. But I’m glad I didn’t. Using black lipstick wuld be straying away frm accepting facial features that make me different. I am finally accepting wh I am and nw I wn’t tlerate peple making fun f me. I dn’t hesitate when smene asks me abut them either. I say, “They’re beauty marks”.
What d we knw abut the authr frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．She likes t be different frm thers.
B．Her birthmarks can be deadly.
C．She shuld eat sme slid fd befre the peratin.
D．Her birthmarks cause her sme truble.
5. What des the underlined wrd “prminent” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Apparent. B．Brilliant. C．Harmful. D．Impressive.
6. What can be inferred abut the authr’s cusin?
A．She has hidden her birthmark.
B．Her cnfidence encurages the authr.
C．She has taken her grandma’s suggestin.
D．She never judges thers by their lks.
7. What can we learn frm the stry?
A．Every cin has tw sides.
B．Dn’t judge a persn by his appearance.
C．Learn t accept wh yu are.
D．Overcme the nervusness.
【答案】4-7 DABC
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活上都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表姐的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段前三句“My birthmarks are caused by an genetic cnditin frm my mm’s side f the family. This syndrme causes plyps (息肉), which are small nn-cancerus grwths in the intestinal tract (肠道). Every ther year I have a prcedure where the dctr remves them frm my intestines.”可知，因为胎记的特殊性，作者每隔一年都要进行手术，可见这给作者带来了许多麻烦。故选D。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的后半部分“suggested that she shuld wear lng sleeves mre ften(建议她多穿长袖衣服)”可推知，表姐的奶奶之所以让表姐多穿长袖衣服，是为了挡住胎记，因为胎记太明显了，由此可知划线词prminent表示“明显的”，与“Apparent”同义。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段第四和第五句“She’s never tried t hide her birthmark r change her appearance. It really inspires me.”可知，作者的表姐没有故意隐藏胎记，说明她很自信，不惧别人的目光，她的这份自信鼓舞了作者。故选B。
7．推理判断题。本文主要讲述特殊的胎记给作者的外表及生活上都带来了影响，作者因此感到苦恼，但表姐的自信使作者受到了鼓励，终于接受了自我。结合最后一段第三句“I am finally accepting wh I am and nw I wn’t tlerate peple making fun f me.”可知，本文教育人们要学会接受自我。故选C。
三、阅读理解03
（2022·重庆·一模）
The lines t enter Suth Gate’s Suth East High Schl and Suth East Middle Schl at 9 a.m. Mnday were each abut 200 students deep.
Kny Aguilln sat in the shade while her sn, an eighth-grader, waited fr his health check in. She had dne everything right Sunday night, pre-checking the district’s Daily Pass website s that it wuld be smth ging the next mrning. But n Mnday, the system wuldn’t lad. They arrived at schl early, arund 7:50 a.m., t check in, and an hur later, there they std. “I imagined it was ging t be crazy,” she added, but nt as bad as it was.
Opening day at the natin’s secnd-largest schl district unflded with a mix f emtins: frustratin ver lng waits, anxiety ver health prtcls and cncern fr hw things wuld g fr children wh have been learning nline fr a year and a half. But fr many, the sense f jy and relief at being tgether again eased the wrries.
In the early mrning at Jhn Marshall High, lines f students waiting t enter extended tw blcks. By 9 a.m., sme students were still waiting, having missed part f the first class.
In anticipatin f delays, Gary Garcia had already extended the first perid f classes by abut 18 minutes in hpes that all students culd meet their teachers.
Teachers and parents als expressed ptimism.
“It’s exciting,” said Nhemi Sanchez-Heredia, wh teaches first grade. Henriette Jeter was at the schl with her daughters, wh are starting kindergarten, secnd and fifth grades. Even thugh the Delta variant (德尔塔变异株) wrries her, she felt her kids needed t be back in a classrm.
The mst cmmn emtins were in the largest type: “nervus” and “excited” mixed with smewhat “stressed”, “happy”, “tired” and “scared”.
8．Which f the fllwing can generally best describe emtins utside the schl gates?
A．Relaxed.B．Disrdered.C．Scared.D．Excited.
9．What fact caused the check-in slw besides a bit t many students?
A．N preparatin.B．T many parents.
C．Pr lading system.D．Extensin f the first perid.
10．What’s the meaning f underlined wrd “prtcls” in paragraph 3?
A．Benefits.B．Test reprts.C．Prblems.D．Physical strengths.
11．Wh might be a schlmaster?
A．Gary Garcia.B．Henriette Jeter.
C．Kny Aguilln.D．Nhemi Sanchez-Heredia.
【答案】8-11 BCBA
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。报道了周一上午，南门市东南高中和东南中学的学生在因疫情造成的长假之后，开学时的情况以及人们复杂的情绪。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段“Opening day at the natin’s secnd-largest schl district unflded with a mix f emtins: frustratin ver lng waits, anxiety ver health prtcls and cncern fr hw things wuld g fr children wh have been learning nline fr a year and a half. ”以及最后一段“The mst cmmn emtins were in the largest type: ‘nervus’ and ‘excited’ mixed with smewhat ‘stressed’, ‘happy’, ‘tired’ and ‘scared’.”可以推知，学校门外的情绪是杂乱的。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But n Mnday, the system wuldn’t lad. They arrived at schl early, arund 7:50 a.m., t check in, and an hur later, there they std. ”可知，加载系统不良导致签到速度变慢。故选C项。
10．词句猜测题。第二段中“Kny Aguilln sat in the shade while her sn, an eighth-grader, waited fr his health check in. (Kny Aguilln坐在阴凉处，她的儿子是一名八年级学生，正在等待体检。)”说明孩子们入学前要进行身体检测，从而推知划线词句“Opening day at the natin’s secnd-largest schl district unflded with a mix f emtins: frustratin ver lng waits, anxiety ver health prtcls and cncern fr hw things wuld g fr children wh have been learning nline fr a year and a half. ”其中划线词汇应为“体检检测报告”的意思，选项B“检测报告”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In anticipatin f delays, Gary Garcia had already extended the first perid f classes by abut 18 minutes in hpes that all students culd meet their teachers. ”可以推知，Gary Garcia可能是校长。故选A项。
四、阅读理解04
（2022·江西吉安·高三期末）
A clleague recently sent me an article, Cutting back n waste is pssible—if yu can affrd it, t read. It argued that reducing waste—fd-related, in particular—is an expensive effrt and a near impssibility fr anyne wrking lw-wage jbs with little extra time. The cnclusin? Zer waste is smething nly suitable fr peple wh can affrd, nt fr thse wh are struggling t make a living.
Hwever. I disagree with the idea that zer waste must be all r nthing. I think this is an unfrtunate attitude that prevents valuable prgress tward reducing ne's fd-related waste. When we get t hung up n the idea f s-called zer waste and f being like the zer waste superstar Bea Jhnsn wh can fit years f trash in a single jar, we start missing the brader pint. The gal, after all, is t make smarter shpping decisins and establish practices that are sustainable（可持续的）fr us, with ur wn unique resurces and living situatins.
I live in a small rural twn with n fancy zer-waste stres. My husband and I bth wrk full-time. I am uninterested in spending my free time ding DIY prjects and driving frm stre t stre in search f perfect packaging. Instead, I just d the best I can.
When I first read abut Bea Jhnsn's multi-stp grcery shpping rutine, I tried t cpy it. That lasted a few weeks befre I gave up. Unlike her, I still had babies t lk after, and I did nt live in San Francisc where stres are clser tgether than in rural Ontari. Instead, I've resigned myself t the supermarket being the main supply f fd and trying t wrk with it.
Nw, when I enter the supermarket n a nce-weekly basis, I view all packaging thrugh a critical eye. I make cnstant cmparisns between hw ne brand packages its fd t anther. That is the main reasn in deciding what t buy, thugh I als cnsider the unit price, the place f rigin and the ingredients.
12．What is the idea f the article recmmended by the authr's clleague?
A．Cutting dwn n waste csts much.
B．Fd-related waste is unavidable.
C．Mst peple can affrd zer waste.
D．The pr care little abut fd waste.
13．Hw des the authr understand the cncept f zer waste?
A．It is related t recycling ur resurces,B．It prevents peple frm reducing waste.
C．It encurages reasnable green practices.D．It means fitting yur trash in a single jar.
14．Why did the authr fail t fllw Bea Jhnsn?
A．Her lve fr shpping was deeply rted.
B．She hardly knew abut fd packaging
C．She didn't receive her husband's supprt.
D．Her living situatins differed frm hers
15．What's the best title fr the text?
A．Live in a Small Twn fr a Zer-waste Life
B．Stp Wasting and Build a Greener Sciety
C．Take Advantage f Lcal Zer-waste Shps
D．Frget Zer Waste and Be Better Shppers
【答案】12-15 ACDD
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者的同事向她推荐一篇文章，文章阐述的大致观点是“零垃圾”是需要付出高额代价的。而作者认为我们应该忘记“零垃圾”这个概念，只要量力而行地践行绿色消费理念就可以避免一定的浪费。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“It argued that reducing waste—fd-related，in particular—is an expensive effrt and a near impssibility fr anyne wrking lw-wage jbs with little extra time.”及“Zer waste is smething nly suitable fr peple wh can affrd, nt fr thse wh are struggling t make a living.”可知，作者的同事推荐的那本书里提到的观点是减少废物的代价很大。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“The gal, after all, is t make smarter shpping decisins and establish practices that are sustainable（可持续的）fr us, with ur wn unique resurces and living situatins.”可推断，在作者看来，“零垃圾”概念鼓励合理的绿色行为。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“That lasted a few weeks befre I gave up. Unlike her, I still had babies t lk after, and I did nt live in San Francisc where stres are clser tgether than in rural Ontari.”可知，作者没能成功效仿Bea Jhnsn的“零垃圾”生活方式是因为作者的生活状况和Bea Jhnsn的生活状况不同。故选D项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要阐述作者对“零垃圾”这个概念的理解，作者认为我们不应该被“零垃圾”这个概念捆绑，而应该根据自己的实际情况践行绿色消费理念，从而减少废物产生。因此，Frget Zer Waste and Be Better Shppers(忘记零浪费，做更好的购物者)最适合作文章标题。故选D项。
五、阅读理解05
（2022·重庆·一模）
My kids sit in Gee’s living rm and gently lift the Christmas rnaments（装饰品）ut f a well-lved cardbard bx. Gee stands beside them, quietly explaining each treasure. She tells them that she and Tm built their rnament cllectin piece by piece during each year’s after-Christmas sale.
We first met Tm and Gee in the early days f ur marriage. Smene had been returning ur garbage cans t the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had wndered wh. Then ne day we sptted him: an elderly man wh lived acrss the street.
I baked ckies and left them in a chair utside the garage with a thank-yu nte. When we gt hme frm wrk that day, a typed letter had replaced the gift. The letter was frm Tm and explained hw he had cme t walk the neighbrhd n garbage day.
Then, his yung wife, Gee, fund herself living alne. Neighbrs had t take the time t handle her garbage cans.
We phtcpied that letter and attached it t ne f ur wn fr Gee. We tld her hw special Tm had been t us, hw we grieved（悲伤）fr her, hw thankful we were t have knwn him.
When Gee invited us ver t lk thrugh the Christmas rnaments, I realized hw hard it is t part with that bx, a piece f Tm. It’s the man wh lets ur kids pick peaches ff the tree in his frnt yard. It’s the ladies wh call Tm when their pl filter breaks.
These days, we’re piling up bxes f ur wn. We’re planning a mve, but Jim and I agree t wait until January. This Christmas, we’ll decrate ur tree with Gee’s rnaments, ut f the bx that is labeled in Tm’s handwriting. Thank yu, Fil say, fr teaching us what it means t be a neighbr.
16．Hw did the writer begin the passage?
A．By shwing a fact. B．By giving an example.
C．By presenting a scene. D．By intrducing the characters.
17．What kind f persn was Tm accrding t the writer?
A．Grateful and ambitius. B．Successful and friendly.
C．Hardwrking and hpeful. D．Kind and helpful.
18．What can we infer frm the text?
A．Tm was gne. B．Gee planned a mve.
C．Jim wuld help Gee with her Christmas tree.
D．The writer and Jim built their rnament cllectin.
19．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．The Sadness f Lsing a Belved One B．The Help frm a Garbage Man
C．The Kindness f the Yung Cuple D．The Gift f a Neighbr
【答案】16-19 CDAD
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Tm总是默默无闻地为作者家倒垃圾，这样的善举感动了作者。作者明白了什么才是真正的邻居。
16．
推理判断题。由第一段“My kids sit in Gee’s living rm and gently lift the Christmas rnaments ut f a well-lved cardbard bx. Gee stands beside them, quietly explaining each treasure. She tells them that she and Tm built their rnament cllectin piece by piece during each year’s after-Christmas sale.”（我的孩子们坐在Gee的客厅里，轻轻地把圣诞装饰品从一个广受喜爱的硬纸盒里拿出来。Gee站在他们旁边，静静地解释着每一件珍宝。她告诉他们，她和汤姆在每年的圣诞节后大减价期间一件一件地制作了他们的装饰品。）可推断，作者在第一段呈现孩子们拿出圣诞装饰品，然后Gee一件件解释这些收藏品的场景。故选C项。
17．推理判断题。由文章第二段“We first met Tm and Gee in the early days f ur marriage. Smene had been returning ur garbage cans t the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had wndered wh. Then ne day we sptted him: an elderly man wh lived acrss the street”可知Tm 是一个乐于帮助别人的人。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。由第四段“Then, his yung wife, Gee, fund herself living alne.”以及地五段“We tld her hw special Tm had been t us, hw we grieved fr her, hw thankful we were t have knwn him.”（我们告诉她 Tm对我们有多么特别，我们多么为她难过，多么感激我们认识了他。）可推断，Tm已经离世，特别是“hw special Tm had been t us”中用的过去完成时，更能确定Tm的离开。故选A项。
19．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“These days, we’re piling up bxes f ur wn. We’re planning a mve, but Jim and I agree t wait until January. This Christmas, we’ll decrate ur tree with Gee’s rnaments, ut f the bx that is labeled in Tm’s handwriting. Thank yu, Fil say, fr teaching us what it means t be a neighbr.”可知，作者用Gee的装饰品装饰他们的圣诞树，而且感谢Tm教会了他怎么做邻居。再结合选项，D选项更切题，gift 不只是指Gee留下的装饰品，更是指Tm教会了他怎么做邻居。故选D项。
六、阅读理解06
（2021·江苏泰州·高三期末）
“Twelve years ag, I was a prfessinal dancer and black belt in taekwnd (跆拳道) when a disease went undiagnsed and wiped ut my muscular system. I finally ended up n life supprt in intensive care with rgan failure.” Kaufman recalled, “I went frm living this big life t nt knwing hw I was ging t survive. Frtunately, n my birthday in 2009, I received a new heart and was given a secnd chance at life!”
After vlunteering in Ls Angeles hspitals, Kaufman started the nn-prfit, Ava’s Heart. She and her rganizatin ffered transplant patients services that were ften nt cvered by insurance, including fd, gas, c-pays n medicines, and husing.
“What I fund ut was that if yu didn’t have pst-transplant-husing, yu culdn’t get listed and admitted int the hspital,” Kaufman said. She leaned that fr the nearly 110,000 peple in the US waiting fr a lifesaving rgan transplant, it was nt just a matter f adding yur name t the list. Patients must be financially secure and be able t affrd transprtatin. What’s mre, they must find accmmdatins near their transplant hspital: Kaufman runs tw husing lcatins, which allws the patients t remain clse t their transplant hspital during the perid f their aftercare, typically abut three mnths at n cst.
Her rganizatin als helps dnr families, which she thinks makes the whle circle cmplete. “One rgan dnr can save eight lives and then there’s tissue and skin and eyes and bld vessels (血管) and s many ther things,” Kaufman said. “The dnr is the whle stry. Withut the dnr, there are n transplant centers, n transplant surgens, n me. In my eyes, the dnrs are the heres.”
T date, Ava’s Heart has helped nearly 90 families with burial csts fr their lved nes whse rgans have saved cuntless lives. Kaufman als wrks clsely with thse wh receive dnatins t build relatinships with dnr families and spread awareness abut the imprtance f rgan dnatin.
Why did Kaufman take abut her memry in Paragraph 1?
A．T illustrate the significance f life.
B．T recall her plain and bring days.
C．T indicate her mtivatin fr paying back.
D．T cnfirm her enthusiasm fr the prfessin.
21. Fr a transplant patient, admissin int the hspital requires the fllwing EXCEPT ________.
A．health insuranceB．nearby husing
C．financial securityD．affrd transprtatin
22. Which f the fllwing best describes Kaufman?
A．Brave and caring.B．Grateful and warm-hearted.
C．Cnsiderate and hardwrking.D．Sympathetic and easy-ging.
23. What message des the text mainly cnvey?
A．It’s better t give than t receive.
B．The blessed bear the heart f giving.
C．Health matters much mre than wealth.
D．Vlunteering makes the wrld a better place.
【答案】20-23 CABB
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了Kaufman在获得他人的器官捐献而重获新生后成立非营利组织去帮助其他病人的故事。
20．推理判断题。由第二段“After vlunteering in Ls Angeles hspitals, Kaufman started the nn-prfit, Ava’s Heart. She and her rganizatin ffered transplant patients services that were ften nt cvered by insurance, including fd, gas, c-pays n medicines, and husing.”可知，第二段及下文都在讲她和她的非营利组织帮助其她病人的事情，这些都是源于第一段她被别人救了，所以第一段提及她的经历是为了表明她偿还（去帮助别人）的动机。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。由第三段“Patients must be financially secure and be able t affrd transprtatin. What's mre, they must find accmmdatins near their transplant hspital: Kaufman runs tw husing lcatins, which allws the patients t remain clse t their transplant hspital during the perid f their aftercare, typically abut three mnths at n cst.”可知，病人必须在医院附近有房子、有经济保障、能负担起交通才能进医院治疗，只有A项没提到。故选A项。
22．推理判断题。由第二段“After vlunteering in Ls Angeles hspitals, Kaufman started the nn-prfit, Ava's Heart.”可知，Kaufman被人帮助后成立了非营利组织去帮助其她病人，可知她感恩、热心。故选B项。
23．主旨大意题。由尾段“T date, Ava’s Heart has helped nearly 90 families with burial csts fr their lved nes whse rgans have saved cuntless lives. Kaufman als wrks clsely with thse wh receive dnatins t build relatinships with dnr families and spread awareness abut the imprtance f rgan dnatin.”并联系全文可知，Kaufman有爱心、懂得感恩，她获得保佑，获得了别人捐赠的器官而重获新生，所以本文的中心思想是“懂得奉献的人会被保佑”。故选B项。
七、阅读理解07
（2022·广东揭阳·高三期末）
With lw temperatures, radiatin and high-energy particles, the vacuum f space is nthing but severe. Can yu imagine spending six hurs walking in space? Chinese astrnauts did just that n their latest spacewalk.
On August 20th, 2021, Chinese astrnauts Liu Bming and Nie Haisheng went ut n the secnd spacewalk f the Shenzhu XII missin. The pair set up and adjusted equipment, shwed their spacesuits and tested the large rbtic armand ther spacewalk-related devices.
Despite the astrnaut’s skill, spacewalking is a challenging task. Luckily, their bulky spacesuits prtect them. A spacesuit is like a small space statin. It has everything astrnauts need when they carry ut a spacewalk.
China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers. The innermst layer cllects astrnauts’ urine. There are als fur layers that help cntrl the temperature and air pressure inside the suit. Spacesuits are filled with air, s they lked like they’re puffed up. The sixth layer is made f special fibers that prtect astrnauts frm radiatin. Astrnauts are cnnected t the space statin with safety rpes. The suit has headphnes and speakers fr astrnauts t cmmunicate. There is als a mirrr n the wrist that astrnauts can use t check their suits.
The first Feitian suit was made in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wre it t carry ut China’ first spacewalk, which lasted abut 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astrnauts wear tday are the secnd generatin f Feitian. They can supprt lnger walks lasting up t 8 hurs and can be used mre ften. The first generatin culd nly be used 5 times within tw years, while the secnd generatin can be used 15 times within three years. Each suit csts arund 30 millin yuan, and it takes fur mnths t make just ne.
24．What can we learn abut the spacewalk f the Shenzh XII missin frm the passage?
A．I was carried ut this spring.B．I was China’s first spacewalk.
C．It lasted a ttal f six hurs.D．It was cmpleted by three astrnauts.
25．Hw are China’s Feitian spacesuits designed t prtect astrnauts?
A．The innermst layer adjusts the temperature.
B．The utermst layer prtects astrnauts frm radiatin.
C．They include five layers with different functins.
D．Three ther layers cntrl air pressure inside the suit.
26．Accrding t the passage, what d Chinese astrnauts need when carrying ut spacewalks?
a. headphnes b. speakers c. mirrr d. radar e. cmpass f. safety rpes
A．a, b, c, fB．a, b, d, fC．a, b, e, fD．c, d, e, f
27．What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A．Disadvantages f the first Feitian suit.
B．The prcess f making the first Feitian suit.
C．New technlgy applied t the secnd Feitian suit.
D．Differences between the tw generatins f Feitian suits.
【答案】24-27 CBAD
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了2021年8月20日，两位中国航天员成功出舱并完成第二次太空漫步，是中国制造的航天服带他们“飞天”。文章介绍了航天服的构造以及第一、二代航天服的不同之处。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Can yu imagine spending six hurs walking in space? Chinese astrnauts did just that n their latest spacewalk.(你能想象在太空中行走六个小时吗？中国宇航员在最近的太空行走中就是这样做的)”可知，航天员出仓持续了 6个小时。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The sixth layer is made f special fibers that prtect astrnauts frm radiatin.”可知，最外层保护宇航员免受辐射。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Astrnauts are cnnected t the space statin with safety rpes. The suit has headphnes and speakers fr astrnauts t cmmunicate. There is als a mirrr n the wrist that astrnauts can use t check their suits.”可知，航天员出仓时需要安全绳、耳机、对讲机和镜子。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The first Feitian suit was made in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wre it t carry ut China’ first spacewalk, which lasted abut 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astrnauts wear tday are the secnd generatin f Feitian. They can supprt lnger walks lasting up t 8 hurs and can be used mre ften. The first generatin culd nly be used 5 times within tw years, while the secnd generatin can be used 15 times within three years. Each suit csts arund 30 millin yuan, and it takes fur mnths t make just ne”可知，这段主要对比第一、二代航天服的不同之处。故选D。
八、阅读理解08
（2022·江苏镇江·高三期末）
Cmbining knwledge f chemistry, physics, bilgy, and engineering, scientists frm McGill University develp a bimaterial tugh enugh t repair the heart, muscles, and vcal crds, representing a majr advance in medicine.
“Peple recvering frm heart damage ften face a lng and tricky jurney. Healing is challenging because f the cnstant mvement tissues must withstand (承受) as the heart beats. The same is true fr vcal crds. Until nw there was n injectable (可注射的) material strng enugh fr the jb," says Guangyu Ba, a PhD candidate in the Department f Mechanical Engineering at McGill University.
The team, led by Prfessr Luc Mngeau and Assistant Prfessr Jianyu Li, develped a new injectable hydrgel (水凝胶) fr wund repair, which is a type f bimaterial that prvides rm fr cells t live and grw. Once injected int the bdy, the bimaterial frms a stable structure allwing live cells t grw r pass thrugh t repair the injured rgans.
“The results are prmising, and we hpe that ne day the new hydrgel will be used t restre the vice f peple with damaged vcal crds," says Guangyu Ba.
The scientists tested the durability f their hydrgel in a machine they develped t cpy the extreme bimechanics f human vcal crds. Vibrating (振动) at 120 times a secnd fr ver 6 millin cycles, the new bimaterial remained undamaged while ther standard hydrgels brken int pieces, unable t deal with the stress f the lad.
“We were incredibly excited t see it wrked perfectly in ur test. Befre ur wrk, n injectable hydrgels pssessed bth high prsity and tughness at the same time. T slve this issue, we intrduced a pre-frming plymer t ur frmula (配方),”says Guangyu Ba.
The innvatin pens new ways f making prgress fr ther applicatins like tissue engineering. The team is als lking t use the hydrgel technlgy t create lungs t test COVID-19 drugs.
28．Why did the researchers develp the new bimaterial?
A．T experience a jurney.B．T repair wund.
C．T represent an advance.D．T replace rgans.
29．What is unique f the bimaterial cmpared t ther materials?
A．It is heavier.B．It is mre breakable.
C．It is changeable.D．It is mre injectable.
30．What might the researchers d next abut the bimaterial?
A．Make artificial rgans fr drug test. B．Try hard t increase its tughness.
C．Apply it t the cure f COVID-19. D．Adjust their frmula t imprve it.
31．What the authr's purpse f writing this passage?
A．T shw his respect t the researchers. B．T stress the imprtance f innvatin.
C．T prmte the sales f a new hydrgel. D．T intrduce a newly- develped material.
【答案】28-31 BDAD
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章主要向读者介绍一种新研发的可注射的材料来治疗伤口。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The team, led by Prfessr Luc Mngeau and Assistant Prfessr Jianyu Li, develped a new injectable hydrgel (水凝胶) fr wund repair,”（由 Luc Mngeau教授和 Jianyu Li助理教授领导的团队研发了一种用于伤口修复的新型可注射水凝胶。）可知，研发这种新的生物材料是为了修复伤口。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“The team, led by Prfessr Luc Mngeau and Assistant Prfessr Jianyu Li, develped a new injectable hydrgel (水凝胶) fr wund repair,”可知，这种新的生物材料是可注射的。故选D。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The team is als lking t use the hydrgel technlgy t create lungs t test COVID-19 drugs.”可知，团队接下来要制作人工肺来测试新冠药物。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段“The team, led by Prfessr Luc Mngeau and Assistant Prfessr Jianyu Li, develped a new injectable hydrgel (水凝胶) fr wund repair,”（由 Luc Mngeau教授和 Jianyu Li助理教授领导的团队研发了一种用于伤口修复的新型可注射水凝胶。）可知，这篇文章是为了向读者介绍一种用于伤口修复的新型可注射水凝胶。故选D。
九、阅读理解09
（2022·山东泰安·高三期末）
Fr the first time in 100 years, the endangered Califrnia cndr (秃鹰) will return t the Pacific Nrthwest. As the largest lying land bird, the Califrnia cndr was nce in a difficult situatin f extinctin, but nw has made nticeable steps twards recvery.
Califrnia cndrs prehistrically lived frm Califrnia t Flrida. By the mid-20th century, cndr ppulatin had decreased due t illegal hunting. In 1967, the Califrnia cndr was listed as endangered with a ppulatin f 50 t 60. Fifteen years later, nly 23 cndrs survived wrldwide. By 1987, all remaining wild cndrs had been placed int a breeding prgram. Thus, a recvery prgram began. As a result f excellent reintrductin effrts, there are nw ver 300 Califrnia cndrs in the wild in America.
The return f cndrs t the skies is a key step twards the recvery f the beautiful scenery. These creatures are essential members f their ecsystems and play a very imprtant rle in the cultural beliefs f the Yurk Tribe. Because cndrs have an irreplaceable place in their culture, the Yurk Tribe has led this reintrductin effrt and cmpleted a great deal f wrk ver the past twelve years.
Recently, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Natinal Park Service, and the Yurk Tribe came tgether t annunce a final rule. This rule will help t facilitate the creatin f a new Califrnia cndr release place fr the reintrductin f cndrs t Yurk Ancestral Territry and Redwd Natinal and State Parks. Cnsidering the date f the cmpletin f the cndr release place may be ahead f schedule, the actual release f cndrs wuld be spring f 2022.
Steve Mietz, head f Redwd Natinal and State Parks said, "We will cntinue t wrk with ur partners in cndr recvery. Turists can visit the tallest trees in ur parks while watching the largest birds in the wrld fly verhead."
32．What happened t Califrnia cndrs in the 20th century?
A．Their ppulatin decreased. B．They were listed as rare animals.
C．They changed their habitats. D．There were nly 23 cndrs in Califrnia.
33．Why des the Yurk Tribe make effrts t recver cndrs?
A．Cndrs are a key part f beautiful scenery.
B．Cndrs play an essential rle in their culture.
C．They rely n cndrs t study the ecsystem.
D．Cndrs are the tribe's main incme surce.
34．What des the underlined wrd "facilitate" mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Prtect.B．Build.C．Design.D．Speed.
35．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Saving the endangered Califrnia cndrs.
B．Califrnia is wrking t prtect cndrs' habitat.
C．Cndrs are returning t Nrthern Califrnia skies.
D．Seeing cndrs back again after a hundred years.
【答案】32-35 ABDA
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了加州秃鹰的数量急剧减少，濒临灭绝，Yurk部落引进秃鹰，而且还和美国鱼类和野生动物管理局国家公园管理局合作，建立一个新的加州秃鹰释放场所，这些都促进了秃鹰数量的恢复。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By the mid-20th century, cndr ppulatin had decreased due t illegal hunting. (到了20世纪中叶，秃鹰的数量因为非法狩猎而减少)”可知，20世纪的时候，加州秃鹰数量减少，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Because cndrs have an irreplaceable place in their culture, the Yurk Tribe has led this reintrductin effrt and cmpleted a great deal f wrk ver the past twelve years. ”可知，Yurk部落努力恢复秃鹰的数量是因为秃鹰在他们的文化中扮演着重要的角色，故选B。
34．词句猜测题。根据下文“Cnsidering the date f the cmpletin f the cndr release place may be ahead f schedule, the actual release f cndrs wuld be spring f 2022. ”可知，秃鹰释放地点的完工日期可能会提前，以及结合划线单词上文“This rule will help t(这个规则将有助于)”和下文“the creatin f a new Califrnia cndr release place fr the reintrductin f cndrs t Yurk Ancestral Territry and Redwd Natinal and State Parks.”可知，秃鹰释放地点的完工日期可能会提前，这是由于这个规则加快了新加州秃鹰释放场所的建立，所以可推断出，划线单词facilitate是“加快；促进”的意思，与选项D“speed(加速)”意思一样，A.Prtect保护；B. Build建造；C. Design设计，均不符，故选D。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Fr the first time in 100 years, the endangered Califrnia cndr (秃鹰) will return t the Pacific Nrthwest. As the largest lying land bird, the Califrnia cndr was nce in a difficult situatin f extinctin, but nw has made nticeable steps twards recvery. ”和最后一段“Steve Mietz, head f Redwd Natinal and State Parks said, "We will cntinue t wrk with ur partners in cndr recvery. Turists can visit the tallest trees in ur parks while watching the largest birds in the wrld fly verhead." ”可知，文章主要讲述了秃鹰的数量急剧减少，濒临灭绝，Yurk部落引进秃鹰，而且还和美国鱼类和野生动物管理局国家公园管理局合作，建立一个新的加州秃鹰释放场所，这些都促进了秃鹰数量的恢复，所以A选项“Saving the endangered Califrnia cndrs. (拯救濒临灭绝的加州秃鹰)”适合做文章标题，故选A。
十、阅读理解10
（2022·安徽淮南·一模）
The Greenwd fire tk its name frm the nearby lake where lightning struck n Aug.15, causing a wildfire that burned fr weeks. Fueled by drught and wind, its persistence dminated headlines fr much f late summer and early fall in Minnesta. When the last flames were finally put ut, the nrthern Minnesta fire had cnsumed nearly 27,000 acres, cuntless firefighting resurces, and at its wrst, the lives that sme had built arund nearby McDugal Lake. Vast areas f frest were left burned-ut, with the black and bare remains f what were nce massive pines.
But, despite the destructin left behind, Mther Nature is set t a cmeback. When rganic matter is burned frm the frest flr, seeds drpped by plants and trees begin t take hld, with the spruting species emerging first. The trees abve have died, which sends a chemical signal t the rt system that is actually mre expansive than just under that tree, and that chemical respnse encurages thse rt systems t re-grw. Ten years ag, a fire ripped thrugh 93,000 acres f Minnesta frest in and arund the BWCA．Tday, that burnt area's rebirth is well underway.
"Here in the Pagami Creek wildfire scar, we have Jack Pine, Red Pine, Black Spruce, Aspen and paper birch-thse are ur main species, thse are the nes that are grwing quickly. It's 10 years n, and these trees are 10 t 15 feet tall in many areas," said Kyle Stver frm the U.S. Frest Service.
A wildfire kills mst things in its path, but despite the flames and intense temperatures, rarely is everything reduced t ashes -and that plays a key rle in a frest's regeneratin. Just ne year after the fire, the survivrs dminate the frest, and grasses replace the burnt grund. Wildflwers are abundant bushes and small trees have started t grw, and Jack Pine returned. S, it's an amazing eclgical system f creating new frest life when it appears that all is lst, ne that has evlved thrughut the ages, where fire has always played a vital rle.
36．What can we learn abut the Greenwd fire?
A．It was a natural ccurrenceB．It was caused by drught.
C．it gained half-year fame.D．It tk many peple's lives.
37．What happens t the burnt area after the fire?
A．Seeding grwth is held up.B．Burnt rganic matter hardly functins.
C．Rt systems spread further and widerD．Chemicals in the sil are in greater demand.
38．What can we say abut the trees and plants in Minnesta?
A．They are flammableB．They are fire-resistant
C．They are fire-adapted.D．They are vergrwn.
39．What des the underlined wrd "ne" in the last paragraph refer t?
A．A fire.B．A lifeC．A time.D．A system
【答案】36-39 ACCD
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述明尼苏达州的植物和树在野火发生之后，可以自行重生，那里的植物适应了火灾。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Greenwd fire tk its name frm the nearby lake where lightning struck n Aug.15, causing a wildfire that burned fr weeks.”（绿林大火的名字来源于8月15日闪电袭击的附近湖泊，引发了一场持续数周的野火）可知，绿林大火是自然原因引起的大火。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“The trees abve have died, which sends a chemical signal t the rt system that is actually mre expansive than just under that tree, and that chemical respnse encurages thse rt systems t re-grw.”可知，燃烧过后，树的根部系统扩展的更深更广了。故选C。
38．推理判断题。根据第二段“But, despite the destructin left behind, Mther Nature is set t a cmeback. When rganic matter is burned frm the frest flr, seeds drpped by plants and trees begin t take hld, with the spruting species emerging first.”可知，明尼苏达州的植物和树是适应火灾的。故选C。
39．词句猜测题。根据上文“S, it's an amazing eclgical system f creating new frest life when it appears that all is lst, ne that has evlved thrughut the ages, where fire has always played a vital rle.”（所以，这是一个神奇的生态系统，创造新的森林生命，当它似乎失去了一切，这是一个进化了很多年的ne，在那里，火总是扮演一个重要的角色。），所以ne前面只有可数名词单数system 前有不定冠词an修饰，表示泛指，所以这里的ne指代上文的system。指这是一个进化了很多年的生态系统，在那里，火总是扮演一个重要的角色。故选D。