2022届高考英语考前30天冲刺好资料+6.+高频易错语法知识查漏补缺 试卷
展开2022届高考英语考前30天终极冲刺
高频易错语法知识查漏补缺
名词的数
1.常考的不可数名词:advice(建议), progress(进步), fun(乐趣;趣事), luck(幸运), information(信息), news(新闻), weather(天气), work(工作),homework(家庭作业), housework(家务活), paperwork(文书工作), furniture(家具), equipment(设备), health(健康), music(音乐), luggage/baggage(行礼), harm(伤害) ,rubbish(垃圾)等.
- 名词只用复数形式的情况:good manners(有礼貌); take/by turns(轮流); in high/low spirits(情绪高涨/低落); in tears(流泪); send greetings/regards to sb(向...传达问候);with thanks(感谢);a pair of trousers(裤子);a pair of glasses(眼镜);a pair of scissor(剪刀)
- many/quite a few/every few/several/most/a couple of/one of+限定词+可数名词复数。注意;many a+可数名词单词 许多...如many a student
- 在下列固定词组中名词无复数形式:
in one’s opinion(某人认为);
to one’s surprise(令某人出乎意料);
show/express appreciation to sb(向某人表达感激);
have/take/show (an) interest in sth.(对..感兴趣) ;
have difficulty/trouble doing/with sth. .(做某事有困难)
介词的冗余、残缺与误用
及物动词后直接加宾语,不需要加介词,受母语干扰误加介词的有:
- “进人某地”enter sp 易误用为enter into sp
- “为某人服务”serve for sb. 易误用为serve for sb.
- “答应某人,向某人承诺”promise sb. 易误用为promise to sb.
- “借给某人某物”lend sb. sth. 易误用为lend te sb. sth.
- “和某人结婚”marry sb.或be/get married to sb.易误用为marry with/to sb.
- “与某人联系”contact sb.易误用为contact with sb.
7.“缺乏自信”lack confidence(lack为动词), a lack of confidence(lack为名词); be lacking in confidence (lacking为形容词词) 易误用为lack of confidence
- “讨论问题”discuss the problem 易误用为discuss about the problem
- “到达某地”reach someplace易误用为reach to someplace
- “接近某物,靠近某物”approach sth.易误用为approach to sth.
- 基础短语中常见的介词误用:help sb with sth., share sb with sth., spend time/money in doing sth./on sth.
受母语干扰,不及物动词后漏加介词的有:
- “敲门”是 knock at/on the door
- “回答问题”是 reply to the question=answer the question
- “同意你的观点”是 agree with you
- “听音乐”是 listen to music
5.“到达某地”是arrive at/in sp,但 arrive home/there/here中不加介词
- “担心某人/某事”是 worry about sb./sth.,而worry sb.表示“使某人担心”
- “抱怨某事”是 complain of/about sth.
- “梦想做某事”是 dream of/about doing sth.
其他易考情况:
- 当表示时间的名词 morning,week,Sunday等被 this, that, last, next, some, every等词限定时,其前不加介词。
- aware“意识到”为形容词,其用法是 be aware of, be aware that. . . 等。
- fond“喜爱”为形容词,其用法是be fond of.
- be+afraid/disappointed+介词+that从句(应删掉介词)
- return不与back连用,但与to连用, 如return to school, return home
常考介词的词义:
- across 横过,从一边到另一边
- beyond(时间)在······之后;(位置上)在·······的另一边:beyond the village 在村子的另一边;超出be beyond sb. 超出某人的理解能力,beyond one’s imagination 超乎想象
- off离,距;脱离;远离:an island off the coast 海岸附近的岛;Paint began to fall off the wall. 油漆开始从墙上脱落。
- against ①逆;反对;违反against the law 违反法律 ②倚;紧靠:against the wall 紧靠着墙 ③衬托;以·······为背景 ④防:protect against 防止
- for就····而言;为了;表示一段时间;表示距离:for+时间段(for five decades 五十年);for+距离(for miles 几英里)
6.over 渡过;穿越;多于;在······期间
连词
熟记下列连词的意思:
- as long as=so long as 只要
- so far as=as far as 就......而言
- if only...要是······就好了
- only if...只要·.....
- now(that), since, as, for, in that,because 因为
- given that 鉴于,考虑到
- supposing/assuming(that)假定,假设
区分连词和介词:
- 随着:with(介),as(连)with time going by; as time goes by
2.在······期间:during(介),while(连)
3.虽然,尽管:despite/in spite of(介),although/though/while/as(连)
4.因为:for(介、连),because/as/since(连)
形容词比较等级
- 原级无比较意义,同级比较:as+原级+as...,not as/so+原级+as. . . ;有too, very, quite, enough 修饰。
- can't be too+adj. 再······也不为过,越·····越好。
3.比较级:标志词than; 注意句意暗含比较;否定句中的比较级表示肯定意义;much, even, far, a little, a bit 等修饰比较级。
4.favorite, perfect,superior, right,wrong 等比较级、最高级。
5.最高级:三者以上比较:of/in短语表比较范围;one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数。
6.形容词最高级前必须用the修饰,副词最高级前可用可不用。
极易混淆的词语
besides(此外)/beside(在...旁边); late(迟到的;晚地)/later(后来)/latest(最新的)/lately(最近)
near(在...旁边)/nearly(几乎;将近); hard(困难的;努力地)/hardly(几乎不)
ever(曾经)/never(从不), ; ago(...前,用于一般过去时)/before(...前,用于过去完成时;在...之前),
there(那儿)/here(这儿); many(修饰可数名词)/much(修饰不可数名词),
so(如此,修饰形容词、副词原级)/such(如此,修饰名词 ),
too(也,肯定句句尾)/either(也,用于否定句句尾),
wide(宽的;宽地,具体概念)/widely(广泛地, 抽象概念),
deep(深的; 深地,具体概念)/deeply(深深地,抽象概念)
close(近的;近地, 具体概念)/closely(紧密地、密切地,抽象概念)
high(高的;高地,具体概念)/highly(高度地, 抽象概念).
心理情绪类形容词
心理情绪类形容词-ed型表示“感到··...··的”;-ing 型表示“令人···. ··的”,如inspiring 令人鼓舞的;鼓舞人心的,inspired 感到鼓舞的;受启发的
非谓语动词
感官动词see,watch, notice,hear 等和使役动词 make, have后的宾补用省略to的不定式结构即do sth 表动作全过程,用doing sth表正在进行,用to do/did/does都不正确, 如I saw the mist rise up./I saw the mist rising up.
定语从句
- 介词后指人的关系代词用 whom, 指物用 which.
- 关系代词whose 表所属关系作定语
- 非限定定语从句引导词不能用that,其它规则不变;非限定定语从句which可指代前面整句话
部分否定
无论not位置在哪儿,与both, all, every等词同时出现都表示部分否定,例如Not all that glitters is gold.= All that glitters is not gold. 并非所有发光的都是金子。
谓语动词
- 现在完成时的时间标志词:since+时间点;for+时间段;recently/lately (最近);in recent months/years…/ so far/up to now(到目前为止); in/over/during the last/past…(在过去的…里); 现在完成时主动形式have/has done ,被动语态为 have/has been done
- 情态动词后加动词原形,构成“情态动词+do”结构;其被动式为“情态动词+be done”.
- 现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时的主动和被动语态:have/has done(主动)→have/has been done(被动);had done(主动)→had been done(被动);will do(主动)→will be done(被动)
数词
- 基数词表数量,two thousand people/students 两千人/学生;thousands of people/students 数以千计的人/学生
- 序数词表顺序,the second floor 第二层,the sixteenth birthday 16岁生日,the twelfth anniversary 12周年纪念日