2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训+7.+语法填空

这是一份2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训+7.+语法填空，共9页。试卷主要包含了通读全文，把握大意，结合语境，前后试填，重新浏览，验证复查，考查介词，考查时态和主谓一致，考查时态、语态和主谓一致，考查代词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训 语法填空◎命题特点及解题技巧“突出语篇，强调语用” 是语法填空题的命题思路。即考查考生在理解原文语境的基础上对语法、词汇的掌握及应用情况，同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。“先定性，再定形”是语法填空的解题思路。在理解语篇的基础上，根据语法知识先判定空格处需要的词性，再依据前后语境确定其具体形式：语法填空解题步骤如下：1．通读全文，把握大意。了解全文大意后，从语篇着手，并联系上下文，可根据自己掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、生活常识、固定词组及配和句型搭配，及对某一国家的风俗习惯、文化背景的了解，行文的逻辑关系、语篇标志等进行填充。2．结合语境，前后试填。语法填空在设题方面分为有提示词填空和无提示词填空：无提示词填空类其考查的语言项目主要有：行文逻辑、连词、介词、关系代词等；有提示性填空类其考查的语言项目主要有：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词、冠词等。做到：边读边填，先易后难。3．重新浏览，验证复查。根据语篇进行填空后，必须逐一进行复核检查，消除隐患，排除难点，以达到完全无障碍阅读之目的，顺利流畅地表达出文章的主题大意。语法填空的检测目的也就顺利达到了。   语法填空的题目虽然难度相对较大，考查范围相对较广，考生失分现象较为严重，但是只要考生能够清楚地了解这类题目语法的命题特点和命题规律，掌握答题的技巧，在备考的过程中有针对性地多加练习，熟练语法的运用，及时对经验进行总结，加强在语篇情境下应用能力，在考试中就能提高对语法填空的的准确率，取得较为理想的成绩。◎典型高考真题体悟【2021·全国乙卷】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:         Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.         Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.         Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.         Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.  69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. ◎真题解析解析： 本文是一篇说明文，本文向读者简要介绍了以生态环境为主要景观的旅游起源和特点。61. educated。考查非谓语动词。educate与逻辑主语traveler之间是被动关系，故应用educated作表语，意为“受到教育的”。62. development。考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作benefits的宾语，需用develop的名词形式。63. its。考查代词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词origin，需用it的形容词性物主代词形式。64. until。考查介词。句中考查了not...until...（直到……才……）句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。65. the。考查冠词。growing popularity受of environmentally-related and adventure travel修饰，故填表示特指的定冠词the。66. of。考查介词。various types of是固定搭配，意思是“各种类型的”。67. visiting。考查非谓语动词。动名词短语visiting the place在句中作介词of的宾语。68. financial。考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词aid，故需用finance的形容词形式。69. Activities。考查名词复数。空格中所填单词在句中作主语，由句中from whale watching to hiking可知，这里指各种各样的活动，需用activity的复数形式。70. to have。考查非谓语动词。aim后常接不定式作宾语，aim to do sth旨在做某事。  ◎高考真题及仿真题专项练习Passage A【2021·全国甲卷】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It_____61_____ (build) originally to protect the city _____62_____ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible _____63_____ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After _____64_____ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what _____65_____ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We _____66_____ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky _____67_____ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all _____68_____ way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and _____69_____ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _____70_____ (day) routines.Passage B【2021·全国新高考1卷】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles'song "The Long and Winding Road".   56    is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we  __57    (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will   58      (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the    59     (hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is -always leaving us   60   (astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps You can't help wondering how hard it  61    (be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure  62  offers a place where you can sit down to rest your   63  (ache)legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It surely does in  64  (I). While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is  65  must to visit!Passage C【2020·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62． (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63． it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64． (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 65． the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69． ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70． (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.Passage D【2020·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 61． (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62． (carry) special significance. They represent the earth  63．  (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64． decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66． (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67． health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69． (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70．  first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. ◎答案解析Passage A【2021·全国甲卷】解析 ：本文介绍了西安城墙的历史、景观及作者游玩西安城墙的体验。61. was built 考查时态和语态。因主语it (The Xi’an City Wall) 与build是被动关系，故用被动语态；又由后文的the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，故填was built。62. in 考查介词。表示“在某个朝代”用介词in。63. to walk 考查非谓语动词。因it is possible to do sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事是可能的”。64. spending 考查非谓语动词。在介词after后用动名词，故填spending。65. better 考查形容词比较级。由than可知这里用比较级形式。66. hired 考查动词的时态。结合上下文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。 67. but 考查连词。因“我的单车又旧又摇晃”与“能顶用，起作用”是转折关系。68. the 考查冠词。特指沿着西安城墙的这条路，用定冠词the。69. watchtowers 考查名词单复数。因被different修饰，故用复数形式。且前文的gates也有提示。70. daily 考查词性转换。在名词routines前作定语，用形容词，daily routines表示“日常生活”。Passage B1、【2021·全国新高考1卷】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，去游览黄山时，作者想起甲壳虫乐队的流行歌曲《蜿蜒长路》，这条漫长而曲折的道路永远留在游客的记忆中。56. What。考查名词性从句。一个句子在句首为主语从句，从句缺少主语，根据the out-of-this-world scenes可知，空格需填表示事物的连接代词What。57. humans。考查名词。作从句主语we的同位语需用名词复数。58. undoubtedly。考查副词。修饰动词空格需填副词形式作状语。59. hotter。考查形容词比较级。此处考查“the 比较级 …., the 比较级 …..”结构，意为：越……就越……。因为前面有the colder，所以空格此处需填the hotter。60. astonished。考查非谓语动词。宾语us是人，故其宾补需填过去分词astonished。61. was。考查主谓一致。从句it是形式主语，代替真主语for the people then to put all those rocks into place，再根据时间状语then可知，空格需填was。62. and。考查并列连词。空格前后有两个谓语动词，故需填并列连词and。63. aching。考查非谓语动词。形容词性物主代词your之后，名词legs之前，空格需填不是主动进行的现在分词aching作定语。64. mine。考查名词性物主代词。根据前面in the visitor’s memory可知空格需填mine，mine = my memory。65. a。考查冠词。此处must充当名词语法，空格需用不定冠词a。a must此处表示“一个必去的地方”。Passage C【2020·全国卷I】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。61．.考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。62．考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。63．考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。64．考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。65．考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。66．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。67．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。68．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。69．考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。70．考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。Passage D【2020·全国卷II】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。61．考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。62．考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。63．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。64．考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。65．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。66．考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。67．考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。68．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。填to care。69．考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。70．考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。