2022届浙江省高考英语总复习专题冲刺之—语法填空提高训练（八）

这是一份2022届浙江省高考英语总复习专题冲刺之—语法填空提高训练（八），共15页。
2022浙江高考英语总复习专题冲刺之—语法填空提高训练（八）
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diego Maradona, the Argentine soccer great who scored the “Hand of God” goal in 1986 and 1．(lead) his country to that year's World Cup title, has died. He was 60. Maradona’s spokesman, Sebastián Sanchi, said he died Wednesday of heart attack, two weeks after being released from a hospital in Buenos Aires 2． (follow)brain surgery.
The office of Argentina’s president said it will decree(颁布法令) three days of national mourning, and the Argentine soccer association expressed 3．(it) sorrow on Twitter.
Maradona captivated 4． (fan) around the world over a two-decade career with a fascinating style of play. Although his reputation 5． (influence)by an ill-fated spell in charge of the national team, he remained idolized(偶像) in Argentina 6． “Golden Boy”.
“You took us to the top of the world,” Argentine President Alfredo Fernández said on social media. “You made us 7．(incredible)happy. You were the greatest of all.”
The No.10 he wore on his shirt became synonymous with(同义)him, as it also had with Pele, the Brazilian great with 8． Maradona was regularly paired as the best of all time.
“What sad news,” Pele said Wednesday. “I lost 9． great friend and the world lost a legend. May God give 10．(strong) to family members. One day, hope we can play ball together in the sky.”

2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
MEXICO CITY(Alliance News)—The 7.2 magnitude earthquake that shook Mexico on Tuesday 11． (kill) 207 people so far, according to the Civil Protection Agency .
On Twitter , the National Coordinator Luis Felipe Puente, reported that there were 86 12． (dead) in Mexico City,43 in Pueble and 12 in Mexico state. Puente also warned that 13． is possible that there are still more landslides and building collapses.
Local authorities initially reported two earthquakes also happened at the same time, 14． later Mexico’s National Seismological Service reported that there was only one 7. 2 magnitude quake. The epicenter (震中) 15． (locate) 12 kilometers southeast of Axochiapan, in Morelos state.
The most nervous situation 16． the moment is the ongoing rescue in a collapsed school in Mexico City, 17． authorities report 26 children who died. The governor of the capital commanded the state of emergency in the city.
Mexico President Enrique Pena made 18． plan to coordinate federal rescue and human efforts in emergency cases.
“The 19． (important) task right now is to continue the rescue of those still 20． (trap) and to provide medical care to the wounded,” said the president.

3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001 and is now made up 21． several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. The team brings help and hope to those whose lives are 22． (terrible) changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disaster.
After long and 23． (care) training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. It was the first time that Chinese team 24． (work) outside China, and the team won high praise for their bravery and skill.
Since then, the CISAR has completed many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people 25． were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia，helped 2，500 wounded people after 26． earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010，and spent several months 27． (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers are trained to be strong in both body and mind. It takes a lot of love and courage 28． (risk) one’s own life to save someone else’s. The 29． (member) of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help 30． (need).

4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Six years ago at the age of 35，I suddenly decided I wanted to learn the cello (大提琴）. Straight away I rented an instrument and appeared before Wendell Margrave, professor of musical instruction. Then he entered my name in book： 10 am, Tuesday. Tuesday followed Tuesday, 31． soon it was spring. Thus began my voyage out of ignorance and into the dream. It was 32． happy time. I was again becoming something new, and no longer 33． (trap) as the same person. 34． (sure) the most terrible recognition of middle life is that we are past changing. We do 35． we can already do. The cello was something I couldn’t do. Yet each Tuesday this became less and less true. 36． (Ride) home on the bus one snowy night and learning the score of Mozart5s C-Major Quintet, I felt the page 37． (burst) into music in my hands. I was humming (哼唱）the cello line when suddenly all five parts came together harmonically in my head. The fellow sitting opposite stared. I met his glance with 38． (tear)，actually hearing the music in my head 39． the first time. Could he hear it too, perhaps? No, he got off at the next stop.
As the years 40． (slip) by, my daughter grew up, playing the piano well. My goal was that she and I would one day perform together.

5.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first on the must-go attraction list of Jiuzhaigou is the Jiuzhai Valley National Park. 41．(locate) about 460 kilometers away from Chengdu, it has a(n) 42． (usual) ecosystem with dozens of lakes, waterfalls, forests and rare animals. There goes a saying 43． no mountain is worth seeing after the Yellow Mountain and no other water will be 44． interest after the Jiuzhai Valley. If there are “fairylands” in the world, Jiuzhaigou is 45． (certain) one of them. This site has been designated as 46． UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Going west along Jiuhuang Ring Way towards Chengdu, visitors can stop and explore many spectacular scenic 47． (wonder). The Huanglong National Scenic Reserve is famous for its 48．(colour) waters, lakes, hot springs, snow-capped mountains, valleys, and forests. It is another must-see for visitors 49． (come) to Jiuzhaigou. The majestic snow-capped Xuebaoding Mountain, 50． is 5,500 metres above sea level, stands on the way to Huang Reserve. It is a favourite among mountain climbers and hikers.

6.阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Silk Road refers to a transport route connecting ancient China with Central Asia, West Asia, Africa, and the European continent. It appeared as early as the second century and 51． (travel) mainly by silk merchants. The Silk Road began in Chang’an (present-day Xi’an), 52． (pass) through Gansu and Xinjiang to Central Asia, West Asia and to lands by the Mediterranean. There were no signs of communication between ancient Chinese civilization and Mediterranean civilization in 53． (early) history. In about the seventh century BC, the ancient Greeks began to learn about an ancient civilization to the east, yet knew little about it. Real communication between China, Central and West Asian 54． (country), Africa and the European continent did not develop 55． the opening of the Silk Road. The Silk Road functioned not only 56． a trade route, but also a bridge 57． linked the ancient civilizations of China, India，the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. It also helped to promote 58． exchange of science and technology between east and west. The Silk Road was the main channel for ancient China 59． (open) up to the outside world, as well as for fresh impulses from other cultures to enter the country, which contributed 60． (significant) to the shaping of Chinese culture.

7.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Coffee is an essential part of people's daily life in the West, so is tea in China. One can see teahouses along the streets of China. The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea 61． they have developed an entire “Tea Culture”. Tea Culture 62． (include) articles, poems, and paintings about tea, as well as the art of making and drinking tea and various related 63． (custom).
Tea plays a significant role in Chinese social and emotional life. Always, a guest 64． (offer) a tea immediately upon entering a Chinese home. Serving a cup of tea is more than a matter of mere 65． (polite). It is a symbol of togetherness，a sharing of something enjoyable，and a way of showing respect to visitors. In some areas of China, 66． might be considered bad manners not to take at least a sip.
The Chinese attach great attention to their tea and 67． way they drink it. People have high requirements for the quality of the prepared tea leaf, the water they use 68． (make) tea and the wares they use to prepare and serve tea. Normally, the 69． (fine) tea is grown at altitudes of 3,000 to 7,000 feet. People select their water carefully. The Chinese emphasize（重视） water quality and water taste. Fine water must be pure, sweet, cool, clean, and 70． (flow). Water from good springs is considered best, as is rainwater from autumn and the rainy seasons.

8.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A swing (秋千) could be important for learning, according to one girls’ school. At Brighton Girls, a private school for children 71． (age) 4-18, a swing is to be installed in the sixth-form study center after some of the teenagers asked for one.
After some research, the headmistress, Rosie McColl, said she discovered a swing would be 72． (benefit). She said, “I knew 73． student in a previous school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. 74． (current), what we are doing is bringing the swing into the school 75． (help) build a culture. This leads to better results 76． students in terms of both their wellbeing and academic achievement.”
Recent studies show physical activity can improve brain function as well as calming the mind and body, at a time when 77． (anxious) among teenagers is at record levels. So far, McColl’s decision 78． (support) by parents, including Sam Cartwright-Hatton, a psychologist at Sussex University, 79． wrote a letter to the government before schools returned in September calling for new, more creative lessons to help children settle back into class.
McColl advises students 80． (prepare) for exams over the Christmas holiday to find a swing in a local park between revision classes. “No one is ever too old to go on the swings, to play, to think and to dream,” she said.

9.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 81． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 82． gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 83． (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 84． (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 85． 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 86． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 87． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 88．(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 89． (live) in the countryside, including 90． (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.

10.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
How many times has your heart sunk after 91． (drop) your smartphone and worrying if you smashed the glass? There may be an answer to reduce that feeling. The glass used to make the screens on many of the world's smartphones just got 92．(tough) than ever before. Corning, the company that makes 93． glass, has just made a stronger version. It is called Gorilla Glass and94．(use) in smartphones for many years. Corning has95． (great) improved the glass to make it more difficult96． (scratch), crack or smash. The new product is called Gorilla Glass Victus. It can survive drops of up to two metres without any signs of damage.
Corning spokesperson John Bayne told reporters about the new product. He said. "Dropped phones can result97．broken phones, but as we developed better glass, phones survived more drops However, they also showed more visible scratches,98． can impact the usability of a device." He said it was important to develop a new glass that could survive drops from greater 99． (high) and be more difficult to scratch. He added: "Instead of asking our technologists to focus on a single goal, we asked100．(they) to focus on improving both drop and scratch, and they delivered with Gorilla Glass Victus." The glass is set to' be used on Samsung products in the near future.


参考答案

1．led
2．following
3．its
4．fans
5．was influenced
6．as
7．incredibly
8．whom
9．a
10．strength
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了阿根廷足球巨星迭戈·马拉多纳去世的消息，并介绍了其生平的一些事迹。
1．
考查动词时态。句意：阿根廷足球巨星迭戈·马拉多纳去世，他曾在1986年射入“上帝之手”进球，并带领阿根廷赢得了当年的世界杯冠军。 and前后为并列成分，空处和scored并列，需填lead的过去式，构成一般过去时。故填led。
2．
考查介词。句意：马拉多纳的发言人塞巴斯蒂安·桑奇说，马拉多纳周三死于心脏病发作，两周前他在布宜诺斯艾利斯的一家医院接受了脑部手术。结合语境可知，此处使介词following，表示“在（某事）之后”，following brain surgery“脑部手术之后”。故填following。
3．
考查代词。句意：阿根廷总统办公室表示，将下令全国哀悼三天，阿根廷足球协会在推特上表达了哀悼之情。修饰名词sorrow，需用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
4．
考查名词。句意：马拉多纳在20年的职业生涯中以其迷人的球风吸引了全世界的球迷。空处需填名词作宾语，fan为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填fans。
5．
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管他的名声受到了执教国家队那段不幸经历的影响，但他仍被阿根廷人奉为“金童”。设空处为从句谓语动词，根据remained可知，使用一般过去时，主语reputation和influence为被动关系，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was influenced。
6．
考查介词。句意：尽管他的名声受到了执教国家队那段不幸经历的影响，但他仍被阿根廷人奉为“金童”。结合语境可知，空处需填介词“作为”，as意为“作为”。故填as。
7．
考查副词。句意：你让我们非常开心。空处修饰形容词happy，需用副词作状语。故填incredibly。
8．
考查定语从句。句意：他球衣上的10号球衣成为了他的代名词，同样也成为了贝利的代名词，马拉多纳一直被认为是巴西伟大球员贝利的最佳搭档。空处引导定语从句，先行词Pele，指人，在定语从句中作with的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
9．
考查冠词。句意：我失去了一位伟大的朋友，世界失去了一位传奇人物。friend为可数名词，此处表示泛指，great发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
10．
考查名词。句意：愿神赐力量给家庭成员。空处需填名词作动词give的宾语，strength意为“力量”，是抽象名词，不可数。故填strength。

11．has killed
12．deaths
13．it
14．but
15．was located
16．at
17．where
18．a
19．most important
20．trapped
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了据民防机构报道，周二发生在墨西哥的7.2级地震迄今为止已经造成207人死亡。介绍了此次地震造成的伤亡情况以及正在开展的救援工作情况。
11．
考查动词时态。句意：墨西哥城联盟新闻——据民防机构报道，周二发生在墨西哥的7.2级地震迄今为止已经造成207人死亡。根据后文“so far”可知应用现在完成时，主语为The 7.2 magnitude earthquake，助动词用has。故填has killed。
12．
考查名词的数。句意：国家协调员Luis Felipe Puente在推特上报告说，墨西哥城有86人死亡，普布尔43人，墨西哥州12人。death表示“死亡人数”时为可数名词，由86修饰应用复数。故填deaths。
13．
考查it用法。句意：Puente还警告说，可能还有更多的山体滑坡和建筑物倒塌。此处为“it be adj that…”句型，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故填it。
14．
考查连词。句意：地方当局最初报告了两场地震同时发生，但后来墨西哥国家地震局报告只有一次7.2级地震。根据前后文语境，可知为转折关系，应用but。故填but。
15．
考查固定短语和时态。句意：震中位于Axochiapan东南12公里处的Morelos州。结合句意表示“位于”可知短语为be located，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语为epicenter，谓语动词用单数。故填was located。
16．
考查介词。句意：目前最紧张的情况是墨西哥城一所倒塌学校的救援工作，当局报告称那里有26名儿童死亡。结合句意表示“目前”可知短语为at the moment。故填at。
17．
考查定语从句。句意：目前最紧张的情况是墨西哥城一所倒塌学校的救援工作，当局报告称那里有26名儿童死亡。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a collapsed school，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
18．
考查冠词。句意：墨西哥总统Enrique Pena制定了一项计划，在紧急情况下协调联邦救援和人类努力。plan为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且plan是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
19．
考查形容词最高级。句意：总统说：“现在最重要的任务是继续营救那些仍然被困的人，并为伤者提供医疗护理。”根据上文定冠词the，以及句意“最重要的”可知应填形容词最高级most important。故填most important。
20．
考查非谓语动词。句意：总统说：“现在最重要的任务是继续营救那些仍然被困的人，并为伤者提供医疗护理。”分析句子结构可知trap在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语those构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填trapped。

21．of
22．terribly
23．careful
24．had worked
25．who/that
26．the
27．giving
28．to risk
29．members
30．is needed
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国国际搜救队。
21．
考查介词。句意：中国国际搜救队(CISAR)成立于2001年，现在由几百名救援人员和大约20条搜救犬组成。be made up of 由…...组成。故答案为of。
22．
考查副词。句意：这个团队为那些生活因风暴、洪涝、地震或者其它自然灾害而改变的人们带来了帮助和希望。设空处后为动词，副词修饰动词。设空处应为副词。故答案为terribly。
23．
考查形容词。句意：经过长期细致的训练，2003年，这支队伍开始了第一次国际救援任务。设空处后为名词。形容词修饰名词。故答案为careful。
24．
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这是中国团队第一次在国外工作，他们的勇敢和技术赢得了高度的赞誉。It was +第几次+ sb had done sth.故设空处应用过去完成时。故答案为had worked。
25．
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：该小组治疗了在2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3000多人，帮助了2010年海地地震后的2500名伤员，并用了几个月的时间向巴基斯坦2010年洪水中的25000多名灾民提供援助。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为people,故答案为who/that。
26．
考查冠词。句意：该小组治疗了在2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3000多人，帮助了2010年海地地震后的2500名伤员，并用了几个月的时间向巴基斯坦2010年洪水中的25000多名灾民提供援助。设空处后为名词，又因名词后有“that hit Haiti in 2010”修饰，设空处表示特指。故答案为the。
27．
考查非谓语动词。句意：该小组治疗了在2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3000多人，帮助了2010年海地地震后的2500名伤员，并用了几个月的时间向巴基斯坦2010年洪水中的25000多名灾民提供援助。设空处在句中作非谓语，sb spends time doing sth(某人花费时间做某事)。故答案为giving。
28．
考查非谓语动词。句意：冒着生命危险去救别人需要很大的爱和勇气。设空处在句中作非谓语，it takes sb...to do sth (花费某人...去做某事),故答案为to risk。
29．
考查名词。句意：CISAR的成员两者都有很多，他们随时准备去任何需要帮助的地方。根据谓语have，可知句子的主语为复数的形式。故答案为numbers。
30．
考查谓语动词。句意：CISAR的成员两者都有很多，他们随时准备去任何需要帮助的地方。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系。根据主句的谓语动词have,可知句子的时态为一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为is needed。

31．and
32．a
33．trapped
34．Surely
35．what/all
36．Riding
37．burst/bursting
38．tears
39．for
40．slipped
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习大提琴的经历，从一无所知到渐入佳境。充满了成就感和满足感。
31．
考查连词。句意：一个星期二接着一个星期二，很快就到了春天。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入并列连词来连接前后两个分句。根据句意，第一个分句与第二个分句之间是顺承的关系，故填and。
32．
考查不定冠词。句意：这是一段快乐的时光。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入不定冠词来修饰限定time，time指“我”从对大提琴一无所知到渐入佳境这一段时间，所以应用不定冠词a来修饰。故填a。
33．
考查过去分词。句意：我又变成了一个新的人，不再是原来那个人了。分析句子成分可知，主语I与动词trap之间是被动关系，故填过去分词形式作表语。故填trapped。
34．
考查副词。句意：当然，中年人最可怕的认识是，我们已经过了可以改变的阶段。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入副词形式做全句的状语。故填Surely。
35．
考查宾语从句的连接代词或不定代词。句意：我们做我们能做的。分析句子成分可知，可将后半句视为do的宾语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故该从句由what引导；也可将后半句视为定语从句，则设空处需填入先行词和关系词。由于从句缺宾语，所以关系代词that可以省略，则根据句意，先行词可用all。故填what/all。
36．
考查现在分词。句意：在一个飘雪的夜晚，我乘公共汽车回家，在车上学习莫扎特c大调五重奏的总谱。我感到乐谱在我手中突然变成了音乐。分析句子成分可知， ride（乘坐）与主语I是主动关系，所以设空处需填入现在分词形式与learning一起作并列的伴随状语。故填Riding。
37．
考查动词原形或现在分词作宾补。句意：在一个飘雪的夜晚，我乘公共汽车回家，在车上学习莫扎特c大调五重奏的总谱。我感到乐谱在我手中突然变成了音乐。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入burst的动词原形或分词形式作feel的宾语补足语。由于burst与宾语“the page”是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填burst或bursting。
38．
考查名词。句意：面对他的目光，我泪流满面，这是我第一次在脑海中听到音乐。固定短语with tears意为“眼含热泪”，故填tears。
39．
考查介词。句意：面对他的目光，我泪流满面，这是我第一次在脑海中听到音乐。固定短语for the first time意为“第一次”，故填for。
40．
考查动词时态。句意：岁月流逝，我的女儿长大了，钢琴弹得很好。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入动词形式作as从句的谓语，主句为一般过去时态，从句也应应一般过去时态。故填slipped。

41．Located
42．unusual
43．that
44．of
45．certainly
46．a
47．wonders
48．colourful
49．coming
50．which
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于九寨沟旅游景点的情况。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：它坐落在距成都约460公里，拥有一个不同寻常的生态系统，有几十个湖泊、瀑布、森林和珍稀动物。分析可知，此句的谓语动词为has，故设空处为非谓语动词，sth. be located表示坐落在，此处为过去分词作状语。设空处在句首首字母大写，故填Located。
42．
考查形容词。句意：它在落在距成都约460公里，拥有一个不同寻常的生态系统，有几十个湖泊、瀑布、森林和珍稀动物。分析可知，此景点有很多特殊的景色，故“不同寻常的”符合题意，故填unusual。
43．
考查同位语从句。句意：俗话说，黄山后无山可看，九寨沟后无水可游。分析可知，There goes a saying that+句子，是that引导的同位语从句，that后是解释（谚语）的内容，故填that。
44．
考查固定短语。句意：俗话说，黄山后无山可看，九寨沟后无水可游。分析可知，be of+抽象名词=be of+形容词，为固定搭配，故填of。
45．
考查副词。句意：如果说世界上有“仙境”，九寨沟肯定是其中之一。分析可知，修饰整个句子用副词，故填certainly。
46．
考查冠词。句意：该遗址已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。分析可知，Site 为单数可数名词，且此句表示为一个世界遗产，UNESCO首字母的发音为辅音音素，故用冠词a表示泛指，故填a。
47．
考查名词的数。句意：沿着九黄环线向西前往成都，游客可以停下来探索许多壮观的风景奇观。分析可知，沿线的风景不止一个，故应该用名词复数。故填wonders。
48．
考查形容词。句意：黄龙国家级风景名胜区以其色彩斑斓的水域、湖泊、温泉、雪山、山谷和森林而闻名。分析可知，修饰名词waters应该用形容词，故填colourful。
49．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是来九寨沟旅游的又一个必看景点。分析可知，此句谓语动词为is，故设空处应为非谓语动词，而come与visitors之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，故填coming。
50．
考查定语从句。句意：海拔5500米的雪保定山巍峨耸立在通往黄保留地的路上。分析可知，此句为先行词为The majestic snow-capped Xuebaoding Mountain 的定语从句，有逗号，为非限制性定语从句，并且设空处在从句中作主语，故用which。

51．was traveled
52．passing
53．earlier
54．countries
55．until
56．as
57．that/which
58．the
59．to open
60．significantly
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸之路的起源和对人类发展的意义。
51．
考查时态和语态。句意：它早在二世纪就出现了，主要是由丝绸商人来行进的。分析句子结构及提示“travel”可知， It指代The Silk Road，travel和The Silk Road为动宾关系，用被动语态，且发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was traveled。
52．
考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路始于长安(今西安)，途经甘肃、新疆，到达中亚、西亚，经地中海到达陆地。pass与其逻辑主语The Silk Road之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填passing。
53．
考查形容词比较级。句意：在早期的历史中，中国古代文明与地中海文明并没有交流的迹象。根据句意及提示“early”可知，此句讲述了更早以前的历史，因此用形容词的比较级。故填earlier。
54．
考查名词的数。句意：丝绸之路开通后，中国与中亚、西亚、非洲、欧洲大陆之间的真正交流才得以发展。根据句意可知，中亚和西亚的国家不止一个，且country为可数名词，因此用复数形式。故填countries。
55．
考查连词。句意：丝绸之路开通后，中国与中亚、西亚、非洲、欧洲大陆之间的真正交流才得以发展。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配not…until直到……才。故填until。
56．
考查介词。句意：丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易路线，而且是连接中国、印度、美索不达米亚平原、埃及和希腊等古代文明的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配function as起……的作用。故填as。
57．
考查定语从句。句意：丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易路线，而且是连接中国、印度、美索不达米亚平原、埃及和希腊等古代文明的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，　　　7　　　 linked the ancient civilizations of China, India，the Mesopotamian plains, Egypt, and Greece. 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a bridge，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填that/which。
58．
考查冠词。句意：它还有助于促进东西方之间的科学技术交流。根据句意可知，此处特指“东西方之间的科学技术交流”，表特指时用定冠词the。故填the。
59．
考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸之路是古代中国对外开放的主要通道，也是其他文化进入中国的主要动力，对中国文化的形成做出了重要贡献。分析句子结构可知，名词channel后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to open。
60．
考查副词。句意：丝绸之路是古代中国对外开放的主要通道，也是其他文化进入中国的主要动力，对中国文化的形成做出了重要贡献。分析句子结构及提示“significant”可知，填空处应为副词，修饰谓语动词contributed。故填significantly。

61．that
62．includes
63．customs
64．is offered / will be offered
65．politeness
66．it
67．the
68．to make
69．finest
70．flowing
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国茶文化。
61．
考查结果状语从句。句意：中国人与茶的关系如此密切，以至于他们发展了一整套的“茶文化”。根据句意以及句中such可知，本句是such…that句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，故此处用that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
62．
考查时态。句意：茶文化包括关于茶的文章、诗歌和绘画，以及泡茶和饮茶的艺术和各种相关的习俗。因为主语Tea Culture（不可数名词）是单数第三人称，主谓一致，故填includes。
63．
考查名词单复数。句意：茶文化包括关于茶的文章、诗歌和绘画，以及泡茶和饮茶的艺术和各种相关的习俗。custom“习俗”是可数名词，根据前文various可知，应用其复数形式。故填customs。
64．
考查被动语态。句意：中国人总是一进门就会给客人端上一杯茶。因为谓语动词offer和主语a guest之间是被动关系，须用被动语态，其结构为be+动词过去分词，根据句意，本句可用一般现在时或一般将来时，因主语为第三人称单数，故填is offered / will be offered。
65．
考查名词。句意：倒茶不仅仅是一种礼貌。根据句意以及空格前的介词of可知，此处应用polite的名词形式politeness，作介词宾语。故填politeness。
66．
考查代词。句意：在中国的一些地区，一口也不喝可能会被认为是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，句子真正主语是否定的动词不定式not to take at least a sip，所以空格处应用it做形式主语。故填it。
67．
考查冠词。句意：中国人非常重视他们的茶和喝茶的方式。因为名词way有定语从句they drink it修饰，根据句意，前面应用定冠词限定。故填the。
68．
考查动词不定式。句意：人们对茶叶的品质、泡茶的水、泡茶和上茶的器皿都有很高的要求。分析句子可知，定语从句的先行词为the water，拆解定语从句为they use the water____8____ (make) tea可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
69．
考查形容词最高级。句意：通常，最好的茶叶生长在海拔3000到7000英尺的地方。根据句意以及空格前的定冠词the可知，此处指在众多茶叶比较中“最好的”茶。故填finest。
70．
考查形容词。句意：细水必须是纯净的，甜的，凉的，干净的，流动的。根据空格前的系动词be以及一系列形容词的并列，可知，此处应填flow的现在分词转化的形容词flowing并列作表语。故填flowing。

71．aged
72．beneficial
73．a

74．Currently
75．to help
76．for
77．anxiety
78．has been supported
79．who
80．preparing
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。布莱顿女子学校将在六年级的学习中心安装一个秋千帮助学生身心平静，建立一种校园文化。

【详解】
1.考查过去分词。句意：布莱顿女子学校是一所专为4-18岁儿童开设的私立学校，在一些学生提出要求后，学校将在六年级的学习中心安装一个秋千。动词age和逻辑主语children构成被动关系，年龄是既定事实，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填aged。
2.考查形容词。句意：经过一番研究，校长罗茜·麦科尔(Rosie McColl)说，她发现秋千会有好处。be动词后应用形容词形式作表语。形容词beneficial意为“有好处的”。故填beneficial。
3.考查冠词。句意：她说:“我认识以前学校的一个学生，他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处student是首次出现，所以应是泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。
4.考查副词。句意：目前，我们正在做的是将秋千带入学校，帮助建立一种文化。修饰整个句子作状语应用副词。故填Currently。
5.考查to do不定式。句意：目前，我们正在做的是将秋千带入学校，帮助建立一种文化。此处表目的，把秋千带入学校的目的是帮助建立一种文化，所以用to do不定式。故填to help。
6.考查介词。句意：这将为学生带来更好的结果，无论是在他们的幸福和学术成就方面。表示“为了”应用介词for。表示为学生带来更好的结果。故填for。
7.考查名词。句意：最近的研究表明，当青少年的焦虑情绪达到创纪录的水平时，体育活动可以改善大脑功能，并使身心平静下来。此处作从句的主语应用名词形式。名词anxiety意为“焦虑”。故填anxiety。
8.考查现在完成时和被动语态。句意：到目前为止，McColl的决定得到了家长们的支持，包括萨塞克斯大学的心理学家Sam Cartwright-Hatton，他在9月份学校开学前给政府写了一封信，呼吁开设新的、更有创意的课程来帮助孩子们重新回到课堂上。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词support（支持）和主语decision构成被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has been supported。
9.考查定语从句。句意：到目前为止，McColl的决定得到了家长们的支持，包括萨塞克斯大学的心理学家Sam Cartwright-Hatton，他在9月份学校开学前给政府写了一封信，呼吁开设新的、更有创意的课程来帮助孩子们重新回到课堂上。空格处引导定语从句，定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sam Cartwright-Hatton，指人，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。
10.考查现在分词。句意：McColl建议准备圣诞节考试的学生们在复习课间到当地的公园去荡秋千。动词prepare（准备）和逻辑主语students构成主动关系，所以用现在分词的一般式的主动作后置定语。故填preparing。

81．and
82．that/which
83．person’s
84．is considered
85．by
86．was
87．Studied
88．sharply
89．living
90．lower
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因。
81．
考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
82．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
83．
考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。
84．
考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。
85．
考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示“增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合语境，故填by。
86．
考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
87．
考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
88．
考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
89．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
90．
考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。

91．dropping
92．tougher
93．the
94．has been used
95．greatly
96．to scratch
97．in
98．which
99．height
100．them
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲的是针对手机摔落屏幕破裂的问题，康宁公司研发出一款防摔防刮的手机屏。
91．
考查非谓语动词。句意：有多少次你手机落地时，你因担心屏幕是否打碎了而心沉下去呢？after是介词，后面接动名词，故填dropping。
92．
考查形容词比较级。句意：用于制造世界上许多智能手机屏幕的玻璃比以往任何时候都更坚固。根据后面“than ever before”可知，此处用形容词的比较级，故填tougher。
93．
考查冠词。句意：即将到来的是，玻璃制造公司刚刚制造了一个更强大的版本。glass是特指，故用定冠词，故填the。
94．
考查动词时态。句意：它叫做大猩猩玻璃，已经应用在手机上很多年了。根据后面“for many years”可知，此处应该用现在完成时；主语It（指玻璃）和谓语动词use之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been used。
95．
考查副词。句意：康宁极大地改进了玻璃，使得玻璃变得更难划伤、裂纹或粉碎。分析句意可知，great是修饰动词improved，所以变成副词，故填greatly。
96．
考查非谓语动词。句意：康宁极大地改进了玻璃，使得玻璃变得更难划伤、裂纹或粉碎。分析句子可知，此处的结构是“make it + adj. + to do sth.”，it作形式宾语，to do作真正的宾语，故填to scratch。
97．
考查固定搭配。句意：手机掉落会导致手机损坏，但随着我们研发出了更好的玻璃，手机经受住了更多的打击。result in为固定搭配，意为“导致，造成”，符合句意，故填in。
98．
考查定语从句。句意：然而，他们也显示出更多可见的划痕，这会影响设备的可用性。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词scratches在句中作主语，故填which。
99．
考查名词。句意：开发出一种新的玻璃，可以从更高处掉落中幸存，也更难划伤，是很重要的。前面greater为形容词的比较级，故后面应用名词，故填height。
100．
考查代词。句意：我们请他们专注于改善掉落和刮伤。本句中they作的是ask的宾语，故用其宾格形式，故填them。