所属成套资源:2022年高考英语语法重难点复习
第9斩 情态动词和虚拟语气-2022年高考英语语法重难点复习百题斩
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这是一份第9斩 情态动词和虚拟语气-2022年高考英语语法重难点复习百题斩,共23页。试卷主要包含了单句语法填空精练,三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022年高考语法复习百题斩-情态动词和虚拟语气
一、单句语法填空精练
1.Interested in painting, he __________ paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter.
2.Why __________ you choose to work in a remote village school when you can own a respectable job in a city?
3.No one __________ be more warm-hearted; he has a heart of gold.
4.—Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?
—No, we ________ (visit) it, but we spent too much time shopping.
5.You ________ be careful with the camera. It costs!
6.It ________ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.
7.You ________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
8.—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really ________ go now. My daughter is home alone.
9.I think the work _________ be completed ahead of time.
10.You________not have waken me up. I don't have to go to work today.
11.—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we____just as well walk.
12.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might________(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
13.When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night.
14.The accident ________ have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don't know for sure.
15.He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month.
16.I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ (keep) you waiting for such a long time.
17.Although passing the driving test ________ be difficult now, it's worth the efforts.
18.My mother ________ (be) angry with me, but I couldn't shut my mouth before I shouted at her!
19.I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness, but it ________ (cause) by eating too much.
20.—Can I pay the bill by check?
—Sorry, sir. But it is the rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash.
21.Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.
22.It was really annoying; I________get access to the data bank you had recommended.
23.I love the weekend,because I________get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
24.I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn’t been wearing one,I ________(injure).
25.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you________(tell)me,I could have helped.
26.You________be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
27.It was so noisy that we________hear ourselves speak.
28.You________be careful with the camera.It costs!
29.You________feel all the training a waste of time,but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
30.I________have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
31.—Sorry,Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh,it’s too bad.You________have made full preparations.
32.It is lucky we booked a room,or we ________(have)nowhere to stay now.
33.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance)as well as her.
34.If I ________(see)it with my own eyes,I wouldn’t have believed it.
35.Without his wartime experiences,Hemingway________(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
36.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother________take me to Disneyland at weekends.
37.I’ve ordered some pizza,so we________worry about cooking when we get home tired.
38.Life is unpredictable; even the poorest________become the richest.
39.________I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
40.My book,The House of Hades,is missing.Who________ have taken it?
41.If Mr.Dewey________(be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
42.We would rather our daughter ________ (stay)at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer.
43.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they________(come)to our help.
44.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I________ (do)it?
45.________(catch)the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.
46.When I was a child,I________watch TV whenever I wanted to.
47.No one________ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.
48.It________be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
49.The door________open,no matter how hard she pushed.
50.—What are you doing this Saturday?
—I’m not sure,but I________go to the Rolling Stones concert.
51.One of our rules is that every student________wear school uniform while at school.
52.I________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.
53.You________ bring your identification when you open a bank account.
54.—________you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?
—Sorry Sir,but it’s urgent.
55.I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I________find the money.
56.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese,and I said “Ni Hao,” just as I ________do in China.
57.Since nobody gave him any help,he________have done the research on his own.
58.The children________(get)lost in the woods; otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
59.I ________(enjoy)myself more—it was a perfect day.
60.—It rained cats and dogs this morning.I’m glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah,we would have got wet all over if we________(have).
61.I should not have laughed if I________(think)you were serious.
62.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________(be)at the age of six months old.
63.If my car________(be)more reliable,I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.
64.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she________ (live)there,she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.
65.We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold________ (offer)us a ride home.
66.(1)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.
(2)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm.
(3)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week?If you ________(tell)me,I could have helped.
(4)—Can't you stay a little longer?
—It's getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughter is home alone.
(5)It was so noisy that we ________ not hear ourselves speak.
(6)You ________ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
(7)You ________feel all the training a waste of time,but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.
(8)You ________ be careful with the camera.It costs!
(9)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.
(10)I ________have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
(11)If I _______(see)it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
(12)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
(13)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance)as well as her.
(14)I wish I _______(be)at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
(15)It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________(have)nowhere to stay now.
67.(1)Although you________find bargains in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.
(2)—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you?
(3)If Mr. Dewey ________(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
(4)________(there be) no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
(5)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________take me to Disneyland at weekends.
(6)People are recycling many things which they________(throw) away in the past.
(7)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
(8)________(catch) the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
(9)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they________(come) to our help.
(10)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________bring me food.
68.Can you help me? I _________ never understand this.
69.___________ you tell me what time it is, please?
70.Henry ________ walk when he was one year old.
71.We are going for a walk. _________ you like to join us?
72.Tom, you ___________ leave your clothes on the floor like this.
73.The road is wet. It __________ have rained last night.
74.He has waited outside for half an hour. ___________ he come in?
75.These flowers have died. You _____________ have watered them.
76.__________ she be ten years old next month?
77.I ___________ have hurt your feelings but it was not my intention.
78.一Thank God! The accident was avoided after all.
一That was lucky, but ten inches nearer and the two cars ________ ( destroy).
79.It is required by law that a driving test ________ (take) before a man gets a license.
80.The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that it's high time we ________ (reflect) on ourselves.
81.The authorities commanded that the survivors of the mine accident ________(send)to the nearest hospital.
82.The lawyer suggested the person referred to ______ (put) into prison.
83.If I had enough money, I ________(build) a big house for my parents.
84.It's recommended that the work________(do) at once.
85.The pianist listened to our request that he _________(play) in public again.
86.It is about time that we __________ (ban) over-fishing to preserve the ecological balance.
87.By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world—it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever ______ (come) on the market.
88.I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she________(go).
89.If we had taken the other road, we might________(arrive) here in time for the meeting.
90.If I ________(have) more time now, I would learn another foreign language.
91.I recommend that you ________ (try) Baihe.com.
92.He walked in as if he ________ (buy) the school, and the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
93.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________ (have) nowhere to stay now.
94.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.
95.I’m ashamed that you ________(do) such a thing.
96.Environmentalists urged that more effective measures ___________(adopt) by the government to reduce pollution.
97.One major recommendation at the meeting is that these traditional customs ____________ (preserve).
98.Cristiano Ronaldo, who won four Champions League titles in nine seasons, makes it compulsory that, as he must remember, in order to succeed one _____ (work) hard and be optimistic.
99.It is high time that we ____________ (take) measures to protect the environment.
100.It is strongly urged that the library ___________ (keep) open during the vacation.
参考答案
1.would
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:他对绘画很感兴趣,下班后常常会用笔和纸画画,逐渐把自己培养成一个自学成才的画家。根据句意gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter可知,此处应用would,表示过去的习惯或者反复性的动作。故填would。
2.must
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:既然你能在城市里拥有一份体面的工作,为什么偏要选择在偏远的乡村学校工作呢?此处考查must的特殊用法,(why) must you....? 意为“(为什么)你偏偏,非要”,故填must。
3.can#could
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:没有人能(比他)更热心,他拥有一颗金子般的心。“can’t/couldn’t…+比较级”表示最高级含义。No one本身表示否定,故应填can/could。
4.could have visited
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:——上个月你参观了那个著名的文物吗?——没有,我们本能够去,但是我们花太多时间购物。结合句意可知,此处表示我们“本能够”去的,但是我们花太多时间购物,所以没能去。could have done本能够做某事(但没做成)。故填could have visited。
5.must
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:你一定要非常小心地对待这部照相机,它很昂贵。根据“It costs!”可知,此处表示“必须,一定”,需用情态动词must。故填must。
6.can’t
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:门口不可能是邮递员,才六点钟呢。根据后一句中“only six o’clock”,可知,门外的绝不可能是邮递员,用can’t表示对不可能发生的事情的推测。故填can’t。
7.may
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:你也许会认为所有的培训都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百地保证你以后会感激你所做的事情。根据后文的描述I’m a hundred percent sure可知,空处表示可能性,是一种不确定的推测。故填may。
8.must
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:——你不能再多待一会儿吗?——天要黑了,我真的现在必须走了,我的女儿独自待在家里。根据“It’s getting late.”可知,此处是指必须走。must意为“必须”,符合语境。故填must。
9.can
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:我认为这项工作可以提前完成。根据句意,此处表示客观上的可能性,应用情态动词can。故填can。
10.need
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意:你不需要喊我起来,我今天不需要上班。根据语境“今天不上班”可知,语境表达“没必要叫醒我”,故填need。
11.may/might
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意:——这公共汽车真是慢啊!——是的,我们不妨走着去。表示“不妨……”短语为may/might as well。故填may/might。
12.be made
13.would
14.might
15.hadn't eaten
16.wouldn't have kept
17.can
18.wouldn't have been
19.may have been caused
20.shall
21.mustn't
【分析】
12.考查情态动词。句意:有时候筷子很有艺术性。真正优雅的筷子可能是用带有中国特色的金银做成的。根据语境可知,筷子是被制造的。此处为含有情态动词的被动语态might be done。故填be made。
13.考查情态动词。句意:当我小时候,我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。would “过去常常”,表示过去的习惯性的行为。故填would。
14.考查情态动词。句意:事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的,但我们不确定。分析句子可知,本句是对过去动作的推测,可能性不大,故填might。
15.考查虚拟语气。句意:他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。由主句中的looked可知,as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。故填hadn't eaten。
16.考查虚拟语气。句意:我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时,否则我不会让你等这么长时间。句中用了虚拟语气,otherwise说明的从句内容和过去事实相反,指如果不被交通阻塞困住,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might +have+过去分词”形式。故填wouldn't have kept。
17.考查情态动词。句意:虽然现在通过驾驶考试可能是困难的,但付出的努力是值得的。此处用can表示有时可能会,故填can。
18.考查情态动词。句意:我母亲本来不会对我生气的,但在我对她大叫之前,我没能闭上嘴!wouldn't have done “本来不会做某事”。故填wouldn't have been。
19.考查情态动词。句意:我不能肯定狗生病的原因,但它也许是因为吃得太多了。根据前句“I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness”可知,这里为不肯定的推测,故用may have done “可能做某事”;由于dog's illness与cause之间为被动关系,故填may have been caused。
20.考查情态动词。句意:——我可以用支票付账吗?——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的规定,应当以现金付款。shall可以在法律条文、规章制度中表示规定或义务等,此处是旅馆的规定。故填shall。
21.考查情态动词。句意:当公共汽车开动时,乘客不得与司机交谈,因为这将把他的注意力从路上转移开来。此处表示“禁止,不允许”,故填mustn't。
22.couldn’t
23.needn’t
24.would have injured
25.had told
26.must
27.couldn’t
28.must
29.may
30.needn’t
31.should
32.would have
33.danced
34.hadn’t seen
35.wouldn’t have written
36.would
37.needn’t
38.might
39.Can
40.could
41.had been
42.stayed
43.would have come
44.had done
45.Had he caught
46.could
47.could
48.couldn’t
49.wouldn’t
50.might
51.shall
52.needn’t
53.must
54.Must
55.can
56.might
57.must
58.must have got
59.couldn’t have enjoyed
60.hadn’t
61.had thought
62.be
63.had been
64.were to live
65.hadn’t offered
【分析】
22.考查情态动词。句意:这真的很让人恼火,我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。由“It was really annoying”以及语境可知,couldn’t表示“不能够”符合句意。故填couldn’t。
23.考查情态动词。句意:我喜欢周末,因为在星期六和星期天我不需要早起。分析句子可知,本句表示“不需要,不必”。故填needn’t。
24.考查虚拟语气。句意:我一直系着安全带,如果我没系,我会受伤的。根据“I was wearing a seatbelt” “If I hadn’t been wearing one”可判断出,此处是对与过去事实相反的情况的虚拟,从句用了过去完成时,主句应用would have done。故填would have injured。
25.考查虚拟语气。句意:你上个星期为什么不告诉我你的问题呢?如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你了。分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,由“could have helped”可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,应用过去完成时。故填had told。
26.考查情态动词。句意:你一定是Carol。这么多年来你一点儿没变。由“You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.”可知,此处应用must 表示很有把握的推测,意为“一定,肯定”,只用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑问句。故填must。
27.考查情态动词。句意:太吵了,我们都没法听到自己说话了。分析句子可知,本句为so...that引导的结果状语从句,情态动词couldn’t表示“不能”,符合句意。故填couldn’t。
28.考查情态动词。句意:你一定要小心这个相机。它很贵的!由“It costs!”可知,空格处用must“一定”符合句意。故填must。
29.考查情态动词。句意:你可能感觉到所有的培训都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信以后你将感谢你所做的这一切。根据句子中的“but I m a hundred percent sure later you ll be grateful you did it”可判断出,表示对前面情况的一种推测,所以要用may“也许,可能”。故填may。
30.考查情态动词+have done。句意:来到这所新学校之前,我本没有必要担忧,因为这儿的同学们对我非常友好。needn’t have done“没有必要做但做了”符合句意。故填needn’t。
31.考查情态动词+have done。句意:---对不起,妈妈!我面试又失败了。---哦,这太糟糕了。你应该做好充分的准备。分析句子可知,本句用should have done sth.表示“本应该做某事而没有做”,暗含对对方的责怪。故填should。
32.考查虚拟语气。句意:幸运的是我们预订了一间房。否则,我们现在就没有待的地方了。根据语境可知,or之前的句子是陈述语气,是事实;or之后的句子是虚拟语气,是与现在事实相反的假设,故用would have。故填would have。
33.考查虚拟语气。句意:Ellen是一个极出色的舞者。我希望我能够跳得和她一样好。动词wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气, 此处表示对现在情况的一种假设,所以从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式。故填danced。
34.考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是亲眼所见,我是不会相信的。由主句谓语wouldn’t have believed 可知,这是if引导的虚拟条件句,是过去情况的虚拟,if条件句的从句应用过去完成时,故应填hadn’t seen。故填hadn’t seen。
35.考查虚拟语气。句意:没有战争时的经历,海明威不会写出他的著名小说《永别了,武器》。分析句子可知,该句使用了含有without 的含蓄虚拟语气,这里是对过去情况的假设,因此主句用wouldn’t + have done。故填wouldn’t have written。
36.考查情态动词。句意:我仍然记得我的快乐的童年,那时母亲常会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would可表示习惯性动作,意为“常会,总是”符合句意。故填would。
37.考查情态动词。句意:我点了一些披萨,所以我们不必在回家很累时担心做饭问题了。因为事先订好了比萨饼,所以当然就不必在回家很累时担心做饭问题了。因此应该填needn’t“不必”。故填needn’t。
38.考查情态动词。句意:生活是不可预料的,即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最有钱的人。由“Life is unpredictable”可知,might“可能”符合句意。故填might。
39.考查情态动词。句意:我可以和你谈谈吗?不会用太长时间。can作情态动词讲时表示许可,意为“可以”,符合句意。故填 Can。
40.考查情态动词。句意:我的书《哈迪斯之屋》丢了。谁可能拿走了它?分析句子可知,该句表示对过去某事的推测,故要用could have done。故填could。
41.考查虚拟语气。句意:如果Dewey先生在场的话,他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。由“would have offered”可知,从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故应用过去完成时。故填had been。
42.考查虚拟语气。句意:我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们待在家里,但是这是她的选择,她不再是个孩子了。would rather意思是“宁愿”,后接从句,从句中用虚拟语气,本句是对现在或将来情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用一般过去时。故填stayed。
43.考查虚拟语气。句意:我们进行调查研究的那几个月他们刚好在国外,否则他们会来帮忙的。分析句子可知,此处为与过去情况相反的虚拟语气,故应用would have done。故填would have come。
44.考查虚拟语气。句意:是约翰打破了窗户。为什么你跟我说话时就好像是我干的一样?。as if从句可以用虚拟语气,表示与某一事实相反的情况,因为第一句交代John打破窗户已经是过去的情况了,所以是与过去事实相反的假设,故从句用过去完成时。故填had done。
45.考查虚拟语气。句意:要是他赶上了上午的火车,他就不会开会迟到了。分析句子可知,这是一个省略了if的虚拟条件句,将句子还原后为If he had caught the morning train。 主句中的would not have been late 则暗示这里是对过去情况的假设,虚拟条件句中,如含有were, had, should等,且省略if时,常用倒装。故填Had he caught。
46.考查情态动词。句意:我还是个孩子的时候,我什么时候想看电视就可以看电视。could“能,可以”符合题意。故填could。
47.考查情态动词。句意:不会有人比他更慷慨了,他有一颗金子般的心。could“能,可以”符合句意。故填 could。
48.考查情态动词。句意:不可能是词汇量导致你在练习中出现问题,因为你认识很多单词。分析句子可知,主句表示否定意义;所填词表示“不可能”,所以填couldn’t。故填couldn’t。
49.考查情态动词。句意:无论她怎么努力去推,这扇门就是打不开。情态动词will表示事物的倾向性和特性,意为“总是,会”。因后半句用的是一般过去时,因此空处应用will的过去式would,根据语境可知,此处表示否定意义。故填wouldn’t。
50.考查情态动词。句意:---这个周六你要干什么?---我不确定。但我可能会去看滚石演唱会。由“I’m not sure”可知,所填词意为“可能”,表示一种可能性,所以本题填might。故填might。
51.考查情态动词。句意:我们的其中一条规则就是,每个学生在校期间都必须穿校服。shall与第三人称连用表示规定。故填shall。
52.考查情态动词。句意:我不必用钟表叫醒自己,因为火车每天早上六点经过我的房子。由“because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house”可知,此处表示的是“不必”。故填needn’t 。
53.考查情态动词。句意:开银行账户时,你必须带上身份证。根据常识和句意可知,开银行账户时,必须要用身份证才可以开户。所以此处表示“必须”。故填must。
54.考查情态动词。句意:---你偏要现在打扰我吗?难道你没有看到我正在打电话吗?---对不起,先生,但是情况紧急。”must表示“偏要,偏偏”,符合语境。故填Must。
55.考查情态动词。句意:如果我能找到钱,我就可以和约翰一起去欧洲度假。can意为“能,可以”,符合语境。故填can。
56.考查情态动词。句意:我靠近他们,听到他们在说汉语,我说了声“你好”,就像在中国我可能会做的那样。might在此意为“可能”,表示一种可能性。故填might。
57.考查情态动词+have done。句意:因为没有人帮助他,他一定是独自进行研究的。由Since nobody gave him any help可知,主句谓语部分表示对过去的情况把握较大的肯定推测,所以主句谓语应用must have done sth的形式,must have done sth 表示“一定做了某事”。故填must。
58.考查情态动词+have done。句意:孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了,否则他们已经按照安排到湖边的营地了。由“otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.”可知,此处表示对过去的情况把握较大的肯定推测,故用must have done“一定做了某事”。故填must have got 。
59.考查情态动词+have done。句意:我从没有玩得这么开心过——真是完美的一天。此处是否定词not与more连用,表示最高级的含义,同时couldn’ t have done表示“过去不可能做过某事”。故填couldn’t have enjoyed。
60.考查虚拟语气。句意:---今天早上下大雨了。很高兴我们带了把伞。---是的,如果没带伞我们全身都会湿透的。”分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,由题干上句中的this morning可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,故从句谓语用过去完成时。此处if we hadn’ t是省略句,其完整结构为if we hadn’t had one。故填hadn’t。
61.考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我认为你是认真的,我就不会笑了。分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句,由“I should not have laughed”可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,所以条件从句的谓语形式应为had done。故填had thought。
62.考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议孩子6个月大时就应该进行第一次眼部检查。recommend作“建议”解时,其后的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省去。故填be。
63.考查虚拟语气。句意:假如我的车更可靠的话,我去年夏天就会开车而不是坐飞机去拉萨了。分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。由“I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.”可知,本句表示与过去情况相反的虚拟条件句,此时从句谓语应用had done。故填had been。
64.考查虚拟语气。句意:如果她住在那里,她就不能经常看到她的父母了。分析句子可知,thinks后的if从句使用了虚拟语气。此处表示对将来情况的虚拟,故从句谓语可使用过去式,“should+动词原形”或“were to+动词原形”。故填were to live。
65.考查虚拟语气。句意:如果昨天Harold没送我们回家,我们会坐出租车回家的。分析句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。由主句中的would have called a taxi可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,因此填hadn’t offered。故填hadn’t offered。
【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表:
条件从句的谓语动词形式
主句谓语动词形式
与过去事实相反的假设
had done
would/could/might/should have done
与现在事实相反的假设
过去时(was→were)
would/could/might/should do
与将来事实相反的假设
过去时 (was→were ) ;
should do;
were to do
would/could/might/should do
分析小题44的句子可知,本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。由主句中的would have called a taxi可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,因此填hadn’t offered。故填hadn’t offered。
66.Had have gone had told must could must may must should needn't hadn't seen wouldn't have written danced had been would have
【详解】
(1)考查虚拟语气。句意:如果政府和科学家不共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句,使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知,这里是表示过去的虚拟语气,所以用had。
(2)考查情态动词表示推测。句意:乔治不可能走得太远了。他的咖啡仍然是温的。can't have done是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故答案为have gone。
(3)考查虚拟语气。句意:上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事?如果你告诉我了,我就能帮你。根据句意和相关信息判断,条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,此时从句用过去完成时,主句谓语用“情态动词+have done”形式。故答案为had told。
(4)考查情态动词。句意:——你不能再多待一会儿吗?——天要黑了,我真的现在必须走了,我的女儿独自呆在家里。must必须。故答案为must。
(5)考查情态动词。句意:太吵闹了,我们连自己说的话都听不到。can/could表示“能力,能够”。根据前面的was可知,此处要用过去时could。
(6)考查情态动词表示推测。句意:你一定是Carol,这些年以来你一点都没变。must一定,表示推测,符合句意。故答案为must。
(7)考查情态动词表示推测。句意:你也许会认为所有的培训都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百的保证你以后会感激你所做的事情。根据后文的描述可以看出此处培训还没有结束,是一种不肯定的推测语气。故答案为may。
(8)考查情态动词。句意:你一定要非常小心对待照相机,它很昂贵。此处用must表示必要或很重要。故答案为must。
(9)考查情态动词+完成式。句意:——很抱歉,妈妈,我的面试又失败了。——噢,真是太糟糕了,你本应该做好充分准备的。考查情态动词+have done的意义。根据上句的面试又失败了,可知是对过去事实的虚拟。should have done本应该做但是没有做。故答案为should。
(10)考查情态动词+完成式。句意:在来到新学校前我本不必担心,因为在新学校我的同班同学对我很友好。考查情态动词。needn't have done...本不必做的事做了。故答案为needn't。
(11)考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意:如果不是亲眼看到,我就不会相信这件事。由主句中的谓语动词wouldn't have believed 可知是对过去情况的虚拟,虚拟条件句的谓语动词用过去完成时。故答案为hadn't seen。
(12)考查虚拟语气。句意:要是没有战争经历的话,海明威就不会写出他著名的小说《永别了,武器》。根据句中的without his wartime experiences可知描述的是过去的事情,对过去的假设主句部分用would/could/should/might+have done。根据句意要用否定形式,故答案为wouldn't have written。
(13)考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气。句意:艾伦是一位出色的舞者,我希望我能像她跳的那么好。考查虚拟语气。wish后跟宾语从句时,从句中需要用虚拟语气,从句中用did表示对现在事实的虚拟。故答案为danced。
(14)考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气。句意:我希望上个星期二我出席了姐姐的婚礼,但那时我正在纽约出差。考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,对过去发生过的事情的虚拟要用过去完成时。故答案为had been。
(15)考查虚拟语气。句意:很幸运我们订了一个房间,否则我们现在将无处可住。考查虚拟语气。引导含蓄虚拟条件句,or后面是主句,相当于if we hadn't booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now,根据“now”可知,是对现在进行虚拟,因此用would+动词原形。故答案为would have。
67.can didn't had been Were there would would have thrown could Had he caught would have come should
【详解】
(1)考查情态动词。句意:虽然你能在伦敦买到便宜货,但是一般来说那不是一个买便宜东西的地方。情态动词can表示理论上的可能性。故填can。
(2)考查反意疑问句。句意:“去年夏天,我在伦敦度过了两个星期。”“那么,在此期间你肯定参观了英国博物馆,是不是?”must have done结构在句中表示对过去事情的推测,当句末有反意疑问的语气时,可分为两种情况:(1)句中没有明确的过去时间状语时,反意疑问句结构为“haven't/hasn't...”;(2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时,反意疑问句结构为“didn't...?”。根据题干中的过去时间状语last summer以及during your stay可知,反意疑问句的结构应用第二种情况。故填didn't。
(3)考查虚拟语气。句意:如果Dewey先生在场的话,他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的“would have offered”可以看出,从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,应用过去完成时。故填had been。
(4)考查虚拟语气中的倒装句。句意:要不是现代化的电讯,我们就不得不等好几个星期才能得到来自世界各地的消息。根据主句中的关键词would have to以及句意可知,这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句应用一般过去时,即if there were ...。当if从句中有were,had或should时,可将if省略,同时将were,had或should提到主语前构成部分倒装。故填Were there。
(5)考查情态动词。句意:我仍然记得我的快乐的童年,那时母亲常会在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would可表示习惯性动作,译为“常会,总是”。故填would。
(6)考查情态动词+have done。句意:现在人们回收利用很多他们过去会扔掉的东西。根据in the past可知,说的是过去的情况,对过去的情况的推测,应使用“情态动词+完成式”。故填would have thrown。
(7)考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意:我的书《哈迪斯之屋》不见了。会是谁把它拿走了呢?根据句意可知,这是对过去情况的推测,而且该句是疑问句,应用could。故填could。
(8)考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意:要是他赶上了上午的火车,他就不会开会迟到了。这是一个省略if的虚拟语气条件句,将句子还原后为If he had caught the morning train。主句中的would not have been late则暗示这里是对过去情况的假设,虚拟条件句中,如含有were,had,should,could等,且省略if时,常用倒装。故填Had he caught。
(9)考查虚拟语气。句意:我们进行调研的那几个月期间他们出国了,要不然的话,他们就会来帮助我们了。由关键信息or可知,此处是隐含的虚拟条件句,or相当于if they hadn't been abroad。这是在叙述与过去事实相反的情况,谓语动词应用would have done。故填would have done。
(10)考查情态动词的基本用法。句意:他们自己那么穷,________给我带来了食物,这让我(感动得)心里不好受。should可以用在that引导的从句中,跟在某些形容词或动词之后,表示“竟然,居然”,带有惊讶的语气。故填should。
can Could/Can could Would mustn’t must Shall should Will may
【解析】
小题1:你能帮助我吗?我一直不能理解这个。表示现在或过去“能力所及”,用can。
小题2:你能告诉我现在几点了吗?表示请求和允许,用Could/Can。
小题3:Henry一岁的时候,就会走路了。表示能力(体力、知识、技能),用could。
小题4:我们将要出去散步,你愿意加入我们吗?表示请求、建议等,would更委婉,所以填Would。
小题5:Tom,你禁止像这样把衣服留在地上。mustn’t 禁止,不准,所以填mustn’t。
小题6:路这么湿,昨晚一定下雨了。表示非常有把握的肯定猜测,所以填must。
小题7:他在外面等了半个小时了,他可以进来吗?shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁,所以填Shall。
小题8:这些花儿死了,你本应该给它们浇水的。should have done表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”,所以填should。
小题9:下个月他就十岁了吗?表示估计和猜想,所以填Will。
小题10:我可能伤害了你的感情,但是它不是我的本意。表示推测、可能性,所以填may。
78.would have been destroyed
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:——谢天谢地!毕竟避免了一场事故。——那很幸运,但是如果再靠近10寸,两辆车就毁了。根据句意可知,事故没有发生,所以“ten inches nearer and the two cars ______( destroy)”,是一种假设,而且是对过去的一种假设,应该用虚拟语气,“ten inches nearer ”是虚拟条件句,相当于:If they had been ten inches nearer,所以主句应该用would have done形式,destroy与主语是被动关系,所以应用would have been done的形式,故填would have been destroyed。
79.should be taken/ be taken
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:法律规定,一个人在获得驾照之前必须参加驾驶考试。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定句型“It is required that…”,意为“要求……”,句中“It”为形式主语,“that”引导的从句为真正的主语,从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”,“should”可省略,“driving test”和“take”之间为被动关系,故从句应用含有情态动词的被动语态,“take”的过去分词为“taken”,故空格处填“should be taken”或“be taken”。故填should be taken/be taken。
80.should reflect/reflected
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:全国性的雾霾不断提醒我们,现在真的是反思自己的时候了。此处为固定句型it is high time (that) sb. should do/did sth.“真是某人做某事的时间了”,that引导的定语从句用虚拟语气。故填should reflect/reflected。
81.be sent
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:根据官方的命令,矿难幸存者要被送往最近的医院。当主句谓语动词为坚持(insist)、命令(order,command)、建议(advise,suggest,recommend)、要求(demand,require,request,ask)等词时,其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略,使用动词原形。survivors与send之间是被动关系(幸存者被送往),使用被动语态,综上,故填be sent。
82.should be put/be put
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:律师建议把提到的相关人员关进监狱。此处为suggest后的宾语从句中的谓语动词,与主语the person是被动关系,suggest在此意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语应用“should +动词原形”,should可以省略。故填should be put/be put。
83.would build
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我有足够的钱,我会为我的父母建一所大房子。分析句子,本句运用了虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时态,表示与将来事实相反的假设,主句应用would+动词原形,故填would build。
84.(should) be done
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:建议马上做这项工作。recommend意为“推荐,建议”,it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句,表“建议,要求,命令”的主语从句中需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气,工作是被做,因此空格处用含情态动词的被动语态,即(should) be done,故填(should) be done。
85.play/should play
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:这位钢琴家听从了我们让他再次在公众场合演奏的要求。分析可知。让演奏家再次弹奏是说话人的主观愿望,可以判断该句为虚拟语气,此时从句谓语可用should+动词原形。而空处为由request引导的宾语从句的谓语部分。此时谓语部分的should可以省略。故填(should) play。
86.banned/should ban
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们禁止过度捕捞以保持生态平衡的时候了。It's about time that...“该是……的时候了”,后面的that从句中的动词要用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词有两种形式,或者用动词的过去式(be用were);或者用should + 动词原形(should不能省略)。故填banned/ should ban。
87.came
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:人们普遍认为,这幅画是世界上最有价值的一幅画。要计算出它一旦上市会卖多少钱是不可能的。本句为if引导的虚拟语气,表示与将来事实相反,主句:主语+should/would/might/could+ do,从句:if+主语+过去式。故填came。
88.(should)go
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我告诉她咳嗽了一整夜不应该游泳,但她拒绝放弃,坚持要去。insist表示希望时,从句内容虽然还不是事实,但非常希望它成为事实——此时从句谓语用虚拟语气,即采用“should+动词原形”的形式,且其中的should可以省略。故填(should)go。
89.have arrived
【详解】
考查与过去事实相反的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。句意:如果选择了另一条路,我们可能就能够及时赶到这里开会了。由条件从句中使用的过去完成时可知,这是对过去情况的虚拟,根据翻译可知,主句也是对应的对过去情况的虚拟,所以应该使用“would / should / could / might + have +过去分词”的形式。故填have arrived。
90.had
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我现在有更多的时间,我将学习另一门外语。根据时间状语“now”可知,此处表示对现在事实的虚拟,if引导的条件状语从句使用一般过去时。故填had。
91.(should) try
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我建议你去百合网试试。recommend, suggest, request, command等后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,即should +动词原形,should可省略。故填(should) try。
92.had bought
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:他走进学校时,就好像他买下了这所学校一样,很快,他来自纽约市的消息就传开了。根据句意可知,他不可能买下这所学校,所以应用虚拟语气,且与过去事实相反。故填had bought。
93.would have
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:很幸运我们订了一个房间,否则我们现在将无处可住。引导含蓄虚拟条件句,or后面是主句,相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now,根据"now"可知,是对现在进行虚拟,因此用would+动词原形,故填would have。
94.danced
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:Ellen是一位出色的舞者。我希望我能像她跳得那么好。wish后跟宾语从句时,从句中需要用虚拟语气,应用一般过去时表示对现在事实的虚拟,谓语动词应使用过去式形式。故填danced。
95.should have done
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我为你做这样的事而感到羞耻。作某些形容词或相当于形容词的过去分词的宾语的that从句,其谓语是"should+动词原形"或"should + have + 过去分词",此处从句是过去时态。根据句意,故填should have done。
96.be adopted
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。动词urge后面的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气,形式为“(should)+动词原形”,本句宾语从句的主语measures与动词adopt构成被动关系,要用被动语态形式。所以要填be adopted。
97.(should)be preserved
【详解】
考查语态。句意:会议上的一个主要建议是应该保存这些传统习俗。分析句子可知,主语“these traditional customs”与“preserve”是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据“recommendation”可知,其后对它进行补充说明的同位语从句应用虚拟语气,从句结构为that sb. should do sth.,should可以省略。故填(should)be preserved。
98.should work/work
【详解】
考查should do虚拟语气。句意:Cristiano Ronaldo在9个赛季赢得了四个欧冠冠军。正如他必须牢记的那样,他认为为了成功一个人应该努力工作并保持乐观是必要的。在“it is compulsory/necessary/vital/important...+that从句”中,从句中需使用should do虚拟语气,should可以省略。此处为“make it compulsory/necessary/vital/important...+that从句”同理。故填should work/work。
99.took / should take
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。It is high time that sb did/should do sth…为固定句型,意为“该是做……的时候了”,that引导的从句谓语动词使用一般过去时或者should do。故填took/should take。
100.(should) be kept
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:强烈要求图书馆在假期期间保持开放。句中涉及句型“It is urged that…”,It为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,这时从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,句中library与keep之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态“(should) be+动词过去分词”,keep的过去分词为kept。故填(should) be kept。
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