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第18斩 语法填空精练精析15篇-2022年高考英语语法重难点复习百题斩
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这是一份第18斩 语法填空精练精析15篇-2022年高考英语语法重难点复习百题斩,共35页。试卷主要包含了f time.等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022年高考题型专练百题斩-语法填空精练精析15篇
01
(2021·广东·金山中学高三期中)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese agriculture. 1. (build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today.
In ancient times, the region where Dujiangyan now stands 2. (suffer) from regular floods from the Minjiang River. To help the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, 3. region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of 4. (channel) built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwaters while leaving the river 5. (flow) naturally. 6. (good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making it suitable for farming.
Once the system 7. (finish), no more floods happened and the people were able to live peacefully. Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams, 8. the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets waterflow through the Minjiang River 9. (natural), making the ecosystem and fish populations exist 10. peace.
02
(2021·河南·高三月考)阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's first Mars rover 11.(touch)down on Mars on May 14.The rover is named after Zhurong, the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology(神话).It also echoes the Chinese name for Mars, or the planet of fire.
The six﹣wheel machine is solar﹣powered and looks like a blue butterfly with a mass of 240 kg.It will be used12.(study)Mars' geological structure, surface soil characteristics, water﹣ice distribution composition and so on. 13.(variety)cameras, radars, and other state﹣of﹣the﹣art devices are14. board to assist Zhurong in accomplishing China's first Mars mission.China has released the first pictures 15.(take)by its Zhurong rover(月球车)on Mars.
Chinese scientists hope it could get at least 90 Martian days of service out of the six﹣wheel robot at its location on Utopia Planitia, 16. vast area in the planet's northern hemisphere.China's National Space Administration has posted the pictures on 17.(it)website.There are even a couple of short18.(video) that record the moment the rover's aeroshell — the capsule it used to enter the Martian atmosphere — departs the Tianwen﹣1 orbiter, the satellite19. carried the rover from Earth.
The successful touchdown of Zhurong made China only the second nation — after America — to put a probe on the surface of Mars and operate it for a significant 20.(long)of time.
03
(2021·广东宝安·高三月考)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号单词的正确形式。
West Lake Longjing tea is famous for21.(it) pleasant smell, sweet aftertaste and neat22.(appear). "West Lake Longjing tastes at once rich and refreshing, and it’s 23.fine introduction to the wide world of Chinese green tea," says a comment written on seriouseats.com24.Max Falkowitz, a well-known writer and food expert.
Sipping a cup of this tea is enjoyable,25.the process of making it is never easy. Tea makers have to roast the tea26.(leaf) by hand in metal basins with temperatures up to 260℃. Such a process "demands real craftsmanship,27.is a combination of patience and labor." For this reason, it28.(list) as a national-level intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage in 2008.
Fan Shenghua,29.(age) 59, is one of the inheritors (传承人) of the traditional techniques of tea-making. "Machine-processed tea looks very beautiful, but its taste is not as good as that of hand-made tea," he told China News. "Machine-made tea floats30.(long) in water and tastes more bitter."
04
(2021·辽宁·丹东市教师进修学院高三期中)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we are shopping in a supermarket, 31. (scan) an item at checkout is something we take for granted in this age of 32. (convenient). We can thank barcodes (条形码) for that. It’s been 50 years 33. the beginning of this game-changing technology.
On March 31, 1971, a historic meeting took place in New York City. The meeting agreed 34. (create) a system to uniquely identify every single product, 35. is called the Global Trade Item Number (GTIN), the core of barcodes. Today, barcodes are used by 2 million companies worldwide. “36. (it) creation allowed the first digitization in the control of the stock,” said Jose Maria Bonmati, general director of 37. European commercial association. “The unique identification of products at a global level was the key that opened the door to retail (零售) as we know it today.” In the past five decades, barcodes 38. (provide) much for commerce. The next generation of barcodes, such as QR codes can hold 39. (vast) more information. It ultimately provides consumers a 40. (great) level of trust and loyalty relating to the products they buy than before.
05
(2021·江苏·南京九中高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After a full year of corona-virus pandemic stay-at-home life, all of it — face masks, social distancing, constant anxiety, Zoom calls, and COVID-19 itself as a 41. (potential) deadly disease — may finally be coming to 42. end thanks to vaccine (疫苗) programs growing across the country.
Some of my anti-medicine friends who 43.(be) initially nervous about being vaccinated have been watching the news, seeing that essential workers are good after 44.(have) their shots, with little to no side 45.(effect), and now even they feel more confident and willing to take their shot. Unlike Pfizer and Moderna, the Johnson & Johnson vaccine only requires one dose and doesn’t have to 46.(store) in freezers, which will make 47. easier to get folks in for a one and done shot.
This is a real turning point. Outside may be opening up soon. Generally, we are going to have to figure out 48.life after COVID should be like, and the small roles we can all play 49. making sure it never goes down like this again. So 50. the population becomes immune to the virus, it’s highly encouraged to keep wearing masks, practicing social distancing and washing your hands after getting vaccinated.
06
(2021·江苏·扬州中学高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why modern music should quieten down
Quietness may be underestimated values in pop music.51.(look) up “the loudest band in the world” and you will be confronted with a large number of rock giants from Manowar who proudly achieved a sound pressure level of 139 dB to Motor-head. The pickings are slim52.we substitute “quiet” for “loud”.
In a way, increasing the volume of a song makes biological sense, something the music industry53.(exploit) since the jukebox era. There is an organ in the inner ear called sacculus that is linked to a region of the brain54.(associate) with pleasure and react to low-frequency vibrations over 90 dB.
On the other hand,55.(focus) sorely on loudness ignores the infinitely more subtle appeal of being quiet. A French band called “Air”,56.twenty-years collection was released on June 10, are masters of the art. As any teacher knows, quietness can be more effective than shouting to make people pay attention. Air employed this gentle persuasion on Moon Safari, an album that attracts the listener57.the peaceful sound of rain and muted drums. Even when Air do increase the volume, the vocalist's voice remains one of58.(gentle) noises in pop. Given its warmth and peacefulness, it is no coincidence59.the album was a favourite among clubbers after a night out. It is a time when the desire for kindness, companionship and warmth prevails.
So forget the “loudness war”. Manowar may be happy with their 139 dB, but they are comprehensively defeated by fireworks, which reach 145 to 150 dB when they explode, and 60.call of the blue whale, which goes all the way up to 188 dB.Now that's something to shout about.
07
(2021·广东顺德·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词,或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms(节气). Autumn Equinox (秋分), the61.(sixteen) solar term of the year, begins this year on September 23rd and ends on October 7th. Autumn Equinox62.(lie) at the midpoint of autumn, dividing autumn into two equal parts.
As is said in63.ancient book, “It is on Autumn Equinox day64.the Yin and Yang are in a balance of power. Thus, the day and night are of equal length, and65. are the cold and hot weather.” After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, 66.(make) days shorter and nights longer.
By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China have entered the cool autumn. When the cold air meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfalls are the result. The temperature also drops67. (frequent).
On Autumn Equinox day, thousands of people around the world try to make eggs stand on end. According to 68. (expert), on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the earth’s axis is in a relative balance of power with the earth’s orbit around the sun. But some also say that standing the egg has nothing to do with the time. The most important thing is to shift the egg’ s center of gravity to the 69. (low) part of the egg. 70. this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk sinks as much as possible.
08
(2021·宁夏·银川一中高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have known for years that people who exercise tend to live longer than those who do not. Perhaps one of the best things we can do for our bodies is to 71.(simple) take a walk. Some people might think that walking is not intense enough 72.(offer) any health benefits. They may say that playing sports or running hard would be much better because they tend to use more energy.
Walking also has many 73.(hide) benefits, which we are just starting to understand. One of the best things about walking is that it can strengthen our hearts. Walking will pump blood faster and give our circulatory system a workout. This also helps to control blood 74. (press). As a result, we can lower 75. chance of having a stroke by up to 27 percent.
Even a short 30-minute walk 76. the speed of 3 kilometers per hour can burn 75 calories for a person who 77.(weigh) 60 kilograms. A daily walking routine can be a good part of an overall weight loss plan. Studies show that about 75 percent of people who try to lose weight by 78.(jog) will give up within six months.
Walking causes the brain to release endorphins throughout the body, 79.helps to lighten our mood. They also make us feel 80.(relax), more alert and happier. Walking is an excellent way to reduce stress and anger.
09
(2021·内蒙古·北京八中乌兰察布分校高三月考)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不超过三个词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friday 8 September
Finally, it is Friday! I can’t believe the first week is coming to an end. Things are going well, but there is always something new just around the corner.
At junior high, I took lots of notes during class. So in physics class81.Monday, I did the same, 82.the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t take everything down. The teacher found I83.(struggle) with note-taking and told me84.(stop) and just listen. “Thinking is a more important ability than note-taking and 85. (memorize)” he said.
After class on Wednesday, I hurried to the school skateboarding club. I was running out of the classroom86.I bumped into a girl literally. I said sorry to her and she smiled at me. At the club, I had my first87. (try) at skateboarding and 88. (fall) off the board a lot. Suddenly, a girl bumped89. me—the same girl from the corridor! This time, both of us laughed. Her name is Sarah. We started to practice together 90. soon became friends.
I’m going to watch a film with Sarah tomorrow evening. I’m looking forward to it!
10
(2021·四川·遂宁安居育才卓同国际学校高三月考)阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ten years ago, Sir Richard Branson launched an exciting challenge. A reward of $25 million would be offered to anyone if he/she 91.(come) up with an achievable and sustainable way to remove greenhouse gases from the air. He thought such an innovation would soon come true, and that92.(power) people like him would carry out a top-down solution in one fell swoop (一下子).
No such situation appeared, not even with the massive reward. But all is not lost. Branson believed everyone could participate in93. (save) humanity; it wouldn't be a task for just a few superheroes. It was the spirit94. inspired Paul Hawken and a network of researchers to come up with the book, Drawdowns.
Drawdown focuses on small, practical steps, not95.(possible) solutions. Hawken's researchers collected data, information and practical knowledge, creating what is something of an encyclopedia (百科全书) of solutions96.the climate risk. One section of the book, “Coming Attractions”, 97.(look) at solutions that we are close to getting a handle on, and they are likely to be useful ones for the near future. Not a daydream, in other words,
Just as it says in this book, we can't just build a piece of big equipment98.(make) the air cleaner. We can make small99.(contribute) like reducing food waste, changing the lightbulbs to LED, installing solar panels and so on.
We are living in 100.interconnected world, so we need to think about the community, about the common interests of many individuals inhabiting a single planet.
11
(2021·广东·博罗县东江广雅学校有限公司高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Experts are working hard to provide accurate weather reports for the 14th National Games. This year, the games are featuring 35 competitive sports, with most events 101. (schedule) to take place in 13 cities or zones across Shaanxi. They 102. (open) on September 15 and will close on September 27, but some events had already been completed before the opening ceremony, including the men’s soccer, men’s volleyball and seven diving 103. (compete).
“Meteorology (气象学) and sports are inseparable,” said Cai Xinling, an expert from the Shaanxi Climate Center. “Bad weather such as rainstorms and 104. (extreme) high temperatures can cause outdoor events to be delayed. Other factors, including wind and humidity, also have an impact 105. the athletes’ performances,” she said, 106. (add) that wind can have a great influence on certain events. “For example, in events such as the javelin and discus (标枪铁饼), a light head wind can increase lift, 107. is beneficial to performances. ”
She noted that too much water vapor in the air can make 108. difficult for the athletes to breathe easily and perform well. But for marathons, a little rain will make the runners feel comfortable and even can make them get a 109. (high) mark.
In August 2019, a meteorological center and 65 staff members from across the province began operations in Xi’an. And now the team 110. (support) by the work of other forecasters in the province.
12
(2021·山东·莒县第一中学高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to media reports, China realized the goal of having a museum for every 250,000 residents during the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-20) period. In fact, in places 111. Beijing, the Inner Mongolia autonomous region and Shaanxi province, the ratio (比率) is 112. (apparent) more impressive: one museum for every 110,000-130,000 residents.
Museums preserve and exhibit artifacts and other 113. (value) historical and scientific objects, and therefore are a great source of learning, as well as entertainment.
In 2020, when the novel coronavirus (新冠肺炎) spread around the world,museums in China 114. (hold) over 29,000 exhibitions and 225,000 education activities, receiving 540 million visitors in person and over 100 million visitors online.
Museums are now making use of new 115. (technology) such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence to better serve 116. (they) visitors. So far many museums 117. (develop) special products to increase their appeal. The Sanxingdui cultural relic site, for example, has come up with ice creams 118. (shape) like its famed golden and bronze facial masks.
All these efforts are helping the domestic museum sector boom.
119. system to further improve cultural services has already been included in the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), 120. lists measures such as digitizing public museums and libraries.
That means the museum sector has a brighter future ahead.
13
(2021·上海宝山·二模)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Who is responsible for childhood obesity(肥胖)?
It’s lunchtime and sixth-grader Oscar Villanova visits the vending (售卖) machine. He pays for an orange juice and some cheese sticks, 121. he really wanted soda and chips. His school, Mildred Avenue, only sells school lunch and healthy snacks.
Seventh-grader Leticia Brown 122. (tell) by her doctor that she needs to lose weight. Her doctor says exercise will help her control her weight but at school she only gets physical education once a week.
Many children suffer from health conditions123. are caused or made worse by their lifestyles. Childhood obesity has more than doubled in children and four times in adolescents in the past 30 years. Moreover, rates of childhood diabetes(糖尿病) 124. (rise). These conditions can put children 125. risk for heart disease and other major killers later in life.
These health issues are complex problems with many different causes. Eating meals out, watching lots of TV, and not being active after school can cause too much weight gain. But there are many things children can do 126. (improve) their health. Doctors say the primary focus for children 127. be eating healthy food and getting exercise every day.
Schools are getting 128. (involve) in solving the problem. Some, like Mildred Avenue, restrict the snacks students can buy. 129. are offering more gym classes to emphasize the importance of exercise. Some schools even send home health notices warning parents that their child may be overweight. These schools believe parents should be acting more responsibly by restricting children’s diets. Many parents get angry, 130. (argue) that schools should limit their focus to teaching. They believe that they have primary responsibility for their children’s health.
14
(2021·江苏·苏州中学高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a new cartoon named Turtle Journey, Greenpeace UK, an environmental organization, 131.(highlight) ocean destruction from the perspective of a family of sea turtles.
132. (create) the film, Greenpeace UK teamed up with Aardman Animations, as well as Oscar-winning actors and stars. The133. (power) film follows the family of turtles as they make their way across the seafloor to their home on a coral reef.
“Our ocean has been driven to breaking point during 134. past few years but it's a story that doesn't get told often enough,” says Will Mccallum, head of ocean at Greenpeace UK. Ocean damage is 135. (serious) affecting sea turtles and other sea creatures, many of which are faced 136.extinction at present.
“The story of this turtle family 137. (attempt) to get home in the damaged and changing ocean is a 138. (real) for many ocean creatures that are having their habitats destroyed due to human activity,” says actress Olivia Colman, 139.voices a character in the film. “It is my hope 140. this film can inspire more people to take action to protect our ocean.”
15
(2022·浙江·模拟预测)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has launched the first module of 141. (it) new space station, a milestone in Beijing’s 142. (ambition) plan to place a permanent human presence in space.
The Tianhe or “Heavenly Harmony” unmanned core module, 143.(contain) living quarters for three crew, 144.(launch) from Wenchang in China’s Hainan province on a Long-March 5B rocket 145. Thursday.
The space station is expected to become 146.(full) operational in 2022 after about 10 missions to bring up more parts and assemble them in orbit. 147. completed, the Chinese space station is expected to remain in low Earth orbit for 15 years.
At least 12 astronauts are training to fly to and live in 148. station. The country 149.(come) a long way since its first satellite in 1970. It put the first Chinese astronaut in space in 2003 150. sent a probe(探测器)in to Mars’ orbit earlier this year.
参考答案
1.Built
2.suffered
3.the
4.channels
5.flowing
6.Better
7.was finished
8.where
9.naturally
10.in
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了都江堰是世界上最古老的人造水系统,也是中国科学发展的奇迹。
1.
考查非谓语动词。句意:这座建筑建于2200多年前,现在位于中国西南部的四川省,这一惊人的工程成就至今仍在使用。分析句子结构,此处与句子主语this amazing engineering achievement构成被动关系,用动词过去分词形式作状语。故填Built。
2.
考查动词。句意:在古代,都江堰现在所在的地区经常遭受来自岷江的洪水。分析句子结构,此处作句子谓语动词,结合In ancient times,可知动词用一般过去时态。故填suffered。
3.
考查冠词。句意:为了帮助洪水灾民,该地区的省长李冰和他的儿子决定找到解决办法。由上文提及the region,结合语境,此处要特指该地区,用定冠词。故填the。
4.
考查名词。句意:李先生设计了一系列沿玉雷山修建的不同高度的河道,这些河道可以带走洪水,同时让河流自然流动。channel河道,可数名词。a series of一系列,后面接名词复数形式。故填channels。
5.
考查非谓语动词。句意:李先生设计了一系列沿玉雷山修建的不同高度的河道,这些河道可以带走洪水,同时让河流自然流动。leave the river flowing naturally使得这条河流自然流动,此处用现在分词形式表达河流持续流动的状态。故填flowing。
6.
考查形容词。句意:更妙的是,多余的水可以被引导到干燥的成都平原,使其适合耕种。由上下文语意可知,此处表达“更秒的是”,用形容词good的比较级。故填Better。
7.
考查动词。句意:一旦系统建成,就不再发生洪水,人民能够和平生活。分析句子结构,此处为从句谓语动词,与前面名词the system构成被动关系,结合句中happened可知动词用一般过去时。故填was finished。
8.
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:与现代水坝不同,都江堰的水被一堵巨大的墙堵住了,都江堰仍然让水流自然流过岷江,使生态系统和鱼类种群和平共处。分析句子结构,此句为非限制性定语从句,从句the water is blocked with a huge wall是完整的,先行词modern dams在从句the water is blocked with a huge wall作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。
9.
考查副词。句意:与现代水坝不同,都江堰的水被一堵巨大的墙堵住了,都江堰仍然让水流自然流过岷江,使生态系统和鱼类种群和平共处。分析句子成分,可知此处修饰句子Dujiangyan still lets waterflow through the Minjiang River,用副词形式作状语。故填naturally。
10.
考查介词。句意:与现代水坝不同,都江堰的水被一堵巨大的墙堵住了,都江堰仍然让水流自然流过岷江,使生态系统和鱼类种群和平共处。In peace和平地,作状语,固定搭配。故填in。
11.touched
12.to study
13.Various
14.on
15.taken
16.a
17.its
18.videos
19.which/that
20.length
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述5月14日, 中国首个火星探测器“祝融号”在火星着陆,并且介绍了"祝融号"的情况。
11.
考查时态。句意:5月14日,火星车以中国古代神话中的火神祝融命名。本空为句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语“on May 14”可知,时态为一般过去时态。故填touched。
12.
考查不定式。句意:它将用于研究火星的地质结构、表层土壤特征、水冰分布组成等。be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。故填to study。
13.
考查形容词。句意:各种相机、雷达和其他最先进的设备在祝融号上协助完成中国的第一次火星任务。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词cameras。故填Various。
14.
考查介词。句意:各种相机、雷达和其他最先进的设备在祝融号上协助完成中国的第一次火星任务。根据句意可知这些设备在祝融号上,be on board “在船上,在车上”。故填on。
15.
考查非谓语动词。句意:中国发布了"祝融号"火星探测器拍摄的首批照片。本句话的谓语动词为has released,所以空处需要非谓语动词,此处过去分词作后置定语,和修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。故填taken.
16.
考查冠词。句意:中国科学家希望,位于地球北半球广阔地区乌托邦平原上的六轮机器人至少能在火星服役90天。本空修饰后面的vast area,泛指一个很大区域,且vast是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。
17.
考查形容词性物主代词。句意:中国国家航天局已经在其网站上发布了这些照片。本空修饰后面的名词website,所以用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
18.
考查复数名词。句意:甚至有几段短视频记录了火星车的外壳(它用来进入火星大气层的太空舱)离开天文1号轨道器的那一刻,天文1号轨道器是将火星车从地球上运载下来的卫星。前面有a couple of “几个,一对”,所以名词要用复数形式,故填videos。
19.
考查定语从句。句意:甚至有几段短视频记录了火星车的外壳(它用来进入火星大气层的太空舱)离开天文1号轨道器的那一刻,天文1号轨道器是将火星车从地球上运载下来的卫星。空后为定语从句,修饰先行词the satellite,先行词为物, 在定语从句作主语。故填which/that。
20.
考查名词。句意:融号的成功着陆使中国成为继美国之后第二个将探测器送上火星表面并运行很长一段时间的国家。空前为形容词,所以空处要用名词,作宾语,前面有不定冠词a,用名词单数。故填length。
21.its
22.appearance
23.a
24.by
25.but
26.leaves
27.which
28.was listed
29.aged
30.longer
【分析】
本文为一篇说明文。西湖龙井因其独特而全世界闻名,其独特的制茶手艺也被列入了国家级非物质文化遗产。本文介绍了龙井的特点、制茶过程及机器和手工制茶的区别。
【详解】
1.考查代词。句意:西湖龙井茶以其香气怡人、回味甘甜、外形清净而闻名。空处放在pleasant smell前,用形容词性物主代词its作限定语。故填:its。
2.考查名词。句意同上。空处缺少名词,与smell,aftertaste并列作for的宾语。appear对应的名词为appearance。故填:appearance。
3.考查冠词。句意:著名作家、美食专家马克斯•法尔科维茨在seriouseats.com网站上写道:“西湖龙井口感醇香,它是向世界介绍中国绿茶的好机会。”根据句意可知,通过西湖龙井,可以将中国绿茶介绍给全世界,这是一个好的机会,此处表示泛指,用a。故填:a。
4.考查介词。句意同上。根据过去分词written可知,此处表示“由马克斯•法尔科维茨所写”,用介词by,表示被动。故填:by。
5.考查连词。句意:喝一杯茶是一种享受,但泡茶的过程并不容易。根据句意,并结合空前的关键词enjoyable及空后关键词never easy可知,前后为转折关系,用but作为转折连词。故填:but。
6.考查名词。句意:制茶师必须在温度高达260℃的金属盆中手工烘焙茶叶。空处缺少名词作roast的宾语,且茶叶不止一片,用复数形式。故填:leaves。
7.考查定语从句。句意:这样的过程“需要真正的工艺,这是耐心和劳动的结合。”本句为非限制性定语从句,先行词为real craftsmanship,作定语从句的主语,用which引导。故填:which。
8.考查时态和语态。句意:因此,它在2008年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。空处缺少句子的谓语,it指代制茶手艺,与list构成被动关系,且根据时间状语in 2008可知,时态为一般过去时。故填:was listed。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:59岁的范盛华是传统泡茶技艺的继承者之一。 分析句子结构,空处表示年龄,作后置定语,Fan Shenghua与age构成被动关系,用过去分词。故填:aged。
10.考查副词比较级。句意:“机制茶在水中漂浮的时间更长,尝起来更苦。”根据空后的more bitter可知,此处要用副词long的比较级longer。故填:longer。
31.scanning
32.convenience
33.since
34.to create
35.which
36.Its
37.a
38.have provided/have been providing
39.vastly
40.greater
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了条形码的历史和作用。
31.
考查非谓语动词。句意:当我们在超市购物时,在收银台扫描商品在这个方便的时代是我们认为理所当然的事情。分析句子可知,本句为动名词作主语。故填scanning。
32.
考查名词。句意:当我们在超市购物时,在收银台扫描商品在这个方便的时代是我们认为理所当然的事情。of为介词后接名词作宾语,convenience为不可数名词。故填convenience。
33.
考查介词。句意:这项改变游戏规则的技术自问世已经50年了。根据句意可知,空处填介词since(自从)。故填since。
34.
考查非谓语动词。句意:会议同意创建一个系统来唯一识别每一种产品,称为全球贸易商品编号(GTIN),这是条形码的核心。agree to do sth “同意做某事”为固定短语。故填to create。
35.
考查定语从句。句意:会议同意创建一个系统来唯一识别每一种产品,称为全球贸易商品编号(GTIN),这是条形码的核心。a system为先行词,作后面非限制性定语从句的主语,应用关系代词which引导。 故填which。
36.
考查代词。句意:欧洲一家商业协会总干事何塞·玛丽亚·邦马蒂(Jose Maria Bonmati)说:“它的创立使股票的控制实现了首次数字化。”形容词性物主代词修饰名词。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Its。
37.
考查冠词。句意:欧洲一家商业协会总干事何塞·玛丽亚·邦马蒂(Jose Maria Bonmati)说:“它的创立使股票的控制实现了首次数字化。”association为可数名词,本句泛指一家商业协会,European首字母的发音为辅音音素,应用不定冠词a。 故填a。
38.
考查动词时态。句意:在过去五十年中,条形码为商业提供了很多服务。根据In the past five decades可知,本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填have provided或have been providing。
39.
考查副词。句意:下一代条形码,比如二维码,可以巨大地容纳更多的信息。修饰动词hold,应用副词vastly。故填vastly。
40.
考查形容词比较级。句意:它最终为消费者提供了比以前更高水平的信任和忠诚度。根据than可知,空处用形容词比较级。故填greater。
41.potentially
42.an
43.were
44.having
45.effects
46.be stored
47.it
48.what
49.in
50.before
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者在新冠疫情期间的感受。由于各地不断增长的疫苗项目,新冠带来的一系列效应有可能最终会结束,从辉瑞到Moderna,再到强生公司的疫苗,几乎没有对人体的副作用,使得反对者们都能够逐渐接受接种。但作者还是强调了在人们对病毒产生免疫力之前,强烈建议继续戴口罩,保持社交距离,接种疫苗后洗手。
41.
考查副词。句意:在经历了一整年的冠状病毒大流行居家生活后,所有这一切——口罩、社交距离、持续的焦虑、Zoom电话(Zoom视频会议),以及COVID-19本身作为一种潜在的致命疾病——可能最终会结束,这要感谢全国各地不断增长的疫苗项目。分析可知,所填空应是副词作状语修饰空后形容词“deadly(致命的)”。“potential”,形容词,意为“可能的”,其副词形式为“potentially(可能地)”。故填potentially。
42.
考查不定冠词。句意:在经历了一整年的冠状病毒大流行居家生活后,所有这一切——口罩、社交距离、持续的焦虑、Zoom电话(Zoom视频会议),以及COVID-19本身作为一种潜在的致命疾病——可能最终会结束,这要感谢全国各地不断增长的疫苗项目。分析可知,“end”为可数名词,意为“结束”,所填空应是不定冠词作限定词,“end”发音为“/end/”,元音音素开头,应是不定冠词an。“come to an end”,固定短语,意为“结束”。故填an。
43.
考查动词时态。句意:我的一些反药物的朋友最初对接种疫苗感到紧张,但现在他们看到了新闻,看到基本工作人员在接种疫苗后表现良好,几乎没有副作用,现在甚至他们也感到更有信心,更愿意接种疫苗。分析可知,“who_____3_____(be) initially nervous about being vaccinated”为之前名词短语“Some of my anti-medicine friends(我的一些反药物的朋友)”的定语从句,所填空为从句谓语,结合语境“initially(最初)”可知,应是一般过去时,主语“who”即为先行词“Some of my anti-medicine friends”,为复数,be应是were。故填were。
44.
考查非谓语动词。句意:我的一些反药物的朋友最初对接种疫苗感到紧张,但现在他们看到了新闻,看到基本工作人员在接种疫苗后表现良好,几乎没有副作用,现在甚至他们也感到更有信心,更愿意接种疫苗。分析可知,“after”为介词,意为“在……之后”,其后接动名词,共同作时间状语。故填having。
45.
考查名词复数。句意:我的一些反药物的朋友最初对接种疫苗感到紧张,但现在他们看到了新闻,看到基本工作人员在接种疫苗后表现良好,几乎没有副作用,现在甚至他们也感到更有信心,更愿意接种疫苗。分析可知,所填空应是名词,“effect”,可数名词,意为“影响;结果”,结合语境可知,应是复数形式。“side effects”,意为“副作用”。故填effects。
46.
考查动词语态。句意:与辉瑞和Moderna不同的是,强生公司的疫苗只需要一剂,不需要储存在冰箱里,这将使人们更容易获得一剂就完成的疫苗。分析可知,“have to do sth”,意为“不得不做某事;必须做某事”,且动词“store(储存)”与主语“the Johnson & Johnson vaccine(强生公司的疫苗)”之间为被动关系,应是被动形式:be done。故填be stored。
47.
考查it作形式宾语。句意:与辉瑞和Moderna不同的是,强生公司的疫苗只需要一剂,不需要储存在冰箱里,这将使人们更容易获得一剂就完成的疫苗。分析可知,在短语“make____7___easier to get folks in for a one and done shot”中,动词不定式“to get folks in for a one and done shot”为真正宾语,因此所填空应是“it”作形式宾语。故填it。
48.
考查宾语从句。句意:总的来说,我们需要弄清楚新冠疫情之后的生活应该是什么样的,以及我们都可以在确保它永远不会再这样下去方面发挥的小作用。分析可知,“_____8_____ life after COVID should be like”为宾语从句,从句中介词“like(像)”缺少宾语,应是what引导,指代“什么样子”。故填what。
49.
考查介词。句意:总的来说,我们需要弄清楚新冠疫情之后的生活应该是什么样的,以及我们都可以在确保它永远不会再这样下去方面发挥的小作用。分析可知,“we can all play _____9_____ making sure it never goes down like this again”为之前名词“the small roles”的定语从句,先行词在从句中作动词“play”的宾语,即,构成固定短语,“play the small roles in doing sth”,意为“在做某事方面发挥小作用”。故填in。
50.
考查时间状语从句。句意:因此,在人们对病毒产生免疫力之前,强烈建议继续戴口罩,保持社交距离,接种疫苗后洗手。分析可知,“the population becomes immune to the virus(人们对病毒产生了免疫力)”与主句“it’s highly encouraged to keep wearing masks, practicing social distancing and washing your hands after getting vaccinated(强烈建议在接种疫苗后继续戴口罩、保持社交距离和洗手)”之间为先后时间关系,作其时间状语从句,因此应用连接词“before”引导前句。故填before。
51.Look
52.if/when
53.has exploited/has been exploiting
54.associated
55.focusing
56.whose
57.with
58.the gentlest
59.that
60.the
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出流行音乐中安静的力量一直被低估,音乐并不是声音越大就越好,文中列举了法国乐队Air的作品为例。
51.
考查祈使句。句意:检索“世界上声音最大的乐队”,你将会遇到大量来自Manowar的摇滚巨人,他们自豪地达到了139分贝的声压水平。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型:祈使句+ and+ 陈述句,故空处填动词原形。故填Look。
52.
考查连词。句意:而当(如果)我们把“大声”换成“安静”,找到的东西就很少。结合语境,分析前后句的关系可知,当后句动作发生才会出现前句结果,可以用if引导条件状语从句,也可用when引导时间状语从句。故填if或when。
53.
考查时态。句意:某种程度上,增大歌曲的音量有着生物学意义,这一点自从自动点唱机时代起音乐产业就一直在利用。分析句子可知,since引导的时间状语,表示exploit这一动作发生于过去并持续到现在,甚至可能持续到将来,应使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时,且主语the music industry为第三人称单数,助动词要用has。故填has exploited或has been exploiting。
54.
考查非谓语动词。句意:内耳中有一个器官叫做球囊,与大脑中压力相关的一块区域相连系。分析句子可知,associate在这里作定语修饰a region,与region之间属于动宾关系,要用过去分词形式。故填associated。
55.
考查非谓语动词。句意:另一方面,过度关注响亮声音会忽视安静那更不易察觉的感染力。分析句子可知,focus在句中作主语,要用动名词形式。故填focusing。
56.
考查定语从句。句意:一个名为Air的法国乐队是艺术的大师,在六月十日发布了他们的二十年典藏集。分析句子可知,空白所在句以逗号插入原句,原句成分完整,考虑定语从句,先行词为A French band,关系词与twenty-years collection与band之间有从属关系,应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
57.
考查介词。句意:Air乐队在专辑《Moon Safari》中利用了这一手段,用平和的落雨声和较弱的鼓声吸引了听众。分析句子可知,空白后所述的是动词attracts的方式方法,应使用表方式的介词with,此处意为“用”。故填with。
58.
考查形容词最高级。句意:即使在Air乐队升高音量的部分,主唱的声音也始终保持为众多流行声音中最温柔之一。分析句子可知,这里符合形容词最高级的用法one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数,表示“最……的……之一”,gentle要用最高级。故填the gentlest。
59.
考查主语从句。句意:因其温暖与平和的表现力,该专辑在发布后就成为夜店爱好者们的最爱并非巧合。分析句子可知,这里符合it is no coincidence that句型,意为“……并不是巧合”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。故填that。
60.
考查冠词。句意:Manowar可能对自己的139分贝感到满意,但他们完全被烟花和蓝鲸的叫声打败了,烟花爆炸时的分贝高达145至150分贝,蓝鲸的叫声最高可达188分贝。这里的call of blue意为“蓝鲸的叫声”,是特指,要用定冠词the。故填the。
61.sixteenth/16th
62.lies
63.an
64.that
65.so
66.making
67.frequently
68.experts
69.lowest
70.In
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国农历的第十六个节气——秋分,介绍了秋分的含义和天气变化等情况。
61.
考查数词。句意:秋分是一年中第16个节气,今年从9月23日开始到10月7日结束。此处表示“第十六个”应用序数词sixteenth或16th。故填sixteenth /16th。
62.
考查动词时态。句意:秋分位于秋天的中点,把秋天分成相等的两部分。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为Autumn Equinox,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
63.
考查冠词。句意:正如古书中所说,“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。” book为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且ancient是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用an。故填an。
64.
考查强调句。句意:正如古书中所说,“秋分日是阴阳平衡的日子。”去掉it is和空处,剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子,此处为强调句句型“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”,此处被强调部分为on Autumn Equinox day,应用that。故填that。
65.
考查固定句型。句意:因此,白天和夜晚是一样的长度,寒冷和炎热的天气也是一样的。此处为句型“so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语”,表示“……也一样”。故填so。
66.
考查非谓语动词。句意:在这一天之后,阳光直射的位置移向南方,白天变短,夜晚变长。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处与逻辑主语the location of direct sunlight moves to the south构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
67.
考查副词。句意:气温也经常下降。修饰动词drop应用副词frequently,作状语。故填frequently。
68.
考查名词复数。句意:据专家介绍,在春分和秋分这一天,地轴与地球绕太阳轨道的力量处于相对平衡状态。expert为可数名词,此处前文没有冠词,表示数量大于一,应用复数形式。故填experts。
69.
考查最高级。句意:最重要的是把鸡蛋的重心移到鸡蛋的最低部分。根据上文定冠词the以及句意“最低”可知应用形容词最高级。故填lowest。
70.
考查介词。句意:用这种方法,诀窍就是把鸡蛋放在一边,直到蛋黄尽可能地下沉。结合句意表示“用这种方法”短语为in this way,句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。
71.simply
72.to offer
73.hidden
74.pressure
75.the
76.at
77.weighs
78.jogging
79.which
80.more relaxed
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步有很多潜在好处,如增强心脏功能、有助于减肥以及使大脑在全身释放内啡肽,有助于放松心情等。
71.
考查副词。句意:也许我们能为自己的身体做的最好的事情之一仅仅是散步。修饰后文动词短语take a walk应用副词simply,故填simply。
72.
考查非谓语动词。句意:有些人可能认为步行强度不够,对健康没有任何好处。结合句意表示“足够做某事”短语为be enough to do sth.。故填to offer。
73.
考查形容词。句意:散步也有很多潜在的好处,这一点我们才开始明白。修饰名词benefits应用形容词hidden,作定语。故填hidden。
74.
考查名词。句意:这也有助于控制血压。作动词control的宾语,应用名词pressure,blood pressure“血压”。故填pressure。
75.
考查冠词。句意:因此,我们可以将中风的几率降低27%。chance此处特指中风的概率,应用定冠词the。故填the。
76.
考查介词。句意:对于体重为60公斤的人来说,以每小时3公里的速度行走30分钟也能消耗75卡路里。结合句意表示“以……的速度”短语为at the speed of...。故填at。
77.
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:对于体重为60公斤的人来说,以每小时3公里的速度行走30分钟也能消耗75卡路里。结合全文的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,此处为定语从句修饰先行词a person,先行词在从句中作主语,谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填weighs。
78.
考查非谓语动词。句意:研究表明,大约75%的人试图通过慢跑来减肥,但在六个月内就放弃了。介词by后面应该跟动名词jogging,作宾语。故填jogging。
79.
考查定语从句。句意:散步会使大脑在全身释放内啡肽,有助于放松心情。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词endorphins,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
80.
考查形容词的比较级。句意:它们还能让我们感觉到更放松、更警觉和更快乐。此处作表语,且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词relaxed,空处与more alert和happier并列,用比较级。故填more relaxed。
81.on
82.but
83.was struggling
84.to stop
85.memorizing
86.when
87.try
88.fell
89.into
90.and
【分析】
这是一篇日记。短文叙述了自己的学校生活。
81.
考查介词。句意:所以在周一的物理课上,我也做了同样的事,但老师讲得太快了,我没办法把所有的东西都记下来。在星期几用介词on,on Monday“在周一”。故填on。
82.
考查连词。句意:所以在周一的物理课上,我也做了同样的事,但老师讲得太快了,我没办法把所有的东西都记下来。根据句意可知,前后表示转折关系。故填but。
83.
考查时态。句意:老师发现我记笔记很费劲,就叫我停下来听。表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。故填was struggling。
84.
考查非谓语动词。句意:老师发现我记笔记很费劲,就叫我停下来听。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”,空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语。故填to stop。
85.
考查动名词。句意:他说:“思考是比记笔记和记忆更重要的能力。than为介词后接动名词。故填memorizing。
86.
考查连词。句意:我正从教室里跑出来,突然撞到了一个女孩。be doing sth when“正在做某事,正在那时”。 故填when。
87.
考查名词。句意:在俱乐部里,我第一次试着玩滑板,经常从滑板上摔下来。had后接名词try作宾语。故填try。
88.
考查时态。句意:在俱乐部里,我第一次试着玩滑板,经常从滑板上摔下来。and连接的had和fell。表示过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填fell。
89.
考查介词。句意:突然,一个女孩撞到了我——就是走廊上那个女孩!。bump into“撞上”为固定短语。故填into。
90.
考查连词。句意:我们开始一起练习,很快就成了朋友。根据句意可知,前后为并且关系,连词为and。故填and。
91.came
92.powerful
93.saving
94.that
95.impossible
96.to
97.looks
98.to make
99.contributions
100.an
【分析】
这是一篇说明文,文章介绍了由保罗·霍肯和他的研究人员写的名叫《Drawdowns》的这本书。
91.
考查时态。句意:如果有人提出可以实现的和可持续的方法去解决来自空气中的温室气体问题,他或她将获得两千五百万美元的报酬。空格处是条件状语从句,根据Ten years ago可知这是当时提出的条件,要用一般过去时。故填came。
92.
考查形容词。句意:他认为这种创新将会很快实现,像他一样有影响力的人将一下子执行自上而下的解决方案。空格处是形容词,作定语修饰名词people。故填powerful。
93.
考查动名词。句意:Branson相信大家都能参与到拯救人类的行动中来;这不仅仅是少数超级英雄的任务。空格前是介词in,因此空格处填动名词作宾语。故填saving。
94.
考查强调句型。句意:是这种精神激励着 Paul Hawken和其他研究者推出这本书——《Drawdowns》。空格处是强调句型“It be +被强调部分+ that/who +其它”,此处被强调部分是主语the spirit,指物,因此要用that。故填that。
95.
考查形容词。句意:《Drawdowns》这本书关注小的、实用的措施,而不是不可能的方案。根据空格前的 small, practical steps可知空格处对应的是大的、不切实际的方法。因此用形容词possible的反义词impossible作定语,修饰名词solutions。故填impossible。
96.
考查介词。句意:Hawken的研究者收集数据,信息以及实用的知识,创造出有点像百科全书一类的解决气候威胁的方案。根据solutions to + n. (解决某事的方案)可知空格处要用介词 to。故填to。
97.
考查时态。句意:书中“Coming Attractions”的一部分介绍了我们即将掌握的解决方案,这些解决方案在不久的将来可能会很有用。空格处是谓语,主语是One section of the book (Coming Attractions是同位语) ,介绍书的内容要用一般现在时,主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填looks。
98.
考查动词不定式。句意:正如这本书所言,我们不能建一个巨大的设备去净化空气。空格处表目的,要用动词不定式。故填to make。
99.
考查名词的数。句意:我们能做许多小小的贡献,像减少食物浪费,将日光灯换成 LED灯,安装太阳能板等。此处指各种贡献,因此是复数可数名词。故填contributions。
100.
考查冠词。句意:我们生活在一个相互联系的世界,因此,我们需要考虑社会,以及居住在这个共同星球上许多个体的共同利益。空格处是泛指,空格后interconnected是以元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an。故填an。
101.scheduled
102.opened
103.competitions
104.extremely
105.on
106.adding
107.which
108.it
109.higher
110.is supported/are supported
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了专家们正在努力为第十四届全运会提供准确的天气预报,恶劣天气会导致户外活动推迟,其他因素,包括风和湿度,也会影响运动员的表现。
101.
考查非谓语动词。句意:今年的奥运会有35个竞技项目,大部分项目将在陕西13个城市或地区举行。此处是with的复合结构,根据events和schedule之间是被动关系,可知此处要用过去分词形式。故填scheduled。
102.
考查时态。句意:奥运会于9月15日开幕,将于9月27日闭幕,但一些项目在开幕式前已经完成,包括男子足球、男子排球和七项跳水比赛。分析句子可知,此处是谓语动词,根据on September 15可知描述过去的事情,时态是一般过去时,此处要用动词的过去式。故填opened。
103.
考查名词。句意:奥运会于9月15日开幕,将于9月27日闭幕,但一些项目在开幕式前已经完成,包括男子足球、男子排球和七项跳水比赛。根据seven 可知此处要用可数名词的复数形式。故填competitions。
104.
考查副词。句意:暴雨和极端高温等恶劣天气会导致户外活动推迟。此处要用副词修饰形容词high。故填extremely。
105.
考查介词。句意:其他因素,包括风和湿度,也会对运动员的表现产生影响。固定短语have an impact on “对于……有影响,对……造成冲击”。故填on。
106.
考查非谓语动词。句意:“暴雨和极端高温等恶劣天气会导致户外活动推迟。其他因素,包括风和湿度,也会影响运动员的表现,”她说,并补充道风可以对某些项目产生很大的影响。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语said,且空前无连接词,根据逻辑主语she和add之间是主动关系,可知此处要用现在分词形式。故填adding。
107.
考查定语从句的关系词。句意:“例如,在标枪和铁饼等项目中,轻微的顶风可以增加升力,这对成绩有好处。”分析句子可知,此处是一个非限制性定语从句,缺少关系代词,且关系代词在定语从句中充当主语,指代前面a light head wind can increase lift,因此关系代词要用which。故填which。
108.
考查代词。句意:她指出,空气中过多的水蒸气会使运动员难以轻松呼吸和取得好成绩。此处要用it作make的形式宾语,真正的宾语是to breathe easily and perform well。故填it。
109.
考查比较级。句意:但是对于马拉松来说,一点小雨会让跑步者感到舒服,甚至可以让他们获得更高的分数。此处要用形容词修饰名词mark,根据even可知此处表示比较,因此要用形容词的比较级higher。故填higher。
110.
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:现在这个团队得到了该省其他预报员的支持。分析句子可知,此处是谓语动词,描述现在的事实,时态是一般现在时,且根据主语the team和support之间是被动关系,可知要用被动语态,the team可翻译为单数“团队”或复数“全部队员”,因此be动词可用is/are。故填is/are supported。
111.like
112.apparently
113.valuable
114.held
115.technologies
116.their
117.have developed
118.shaped
119.A
120.which
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍博物馆的用途以及现代博物馆的规模。现在的博物馆越来越有价值,因而吸引游客。
111.
考查介词。句意:事实上,在北京、内蒙古自治区和陕西省,这一比例显然更令人印象深刻:每11万到13万居民就有一家博物馆。这里在列举事物,所以用like或such as,但该空没有提示词,只能填一个词。故填like。
112.
考查副词修饰形容词。句意:事实上,在北京、内蒙古自治区和陕西省,这一比例显然更令人印象深刻:每11万到13万居民就有一家博物馆。句中more impressive是形容词,由副词修饰,所给词apparent是形容词,意思是“显而易见的”,其副词是apparently。故填apparently。
113.
考查形容词修饰名词。句意:博物馆保存和展示手工艺品和其他有价值的历史和科学物品,因此是学习和娱乐的重要来源。句中objects是名词,由形容词修饰,所给词value是名词,也可作动词,其形容词是valuable。故填valuable。
114.
考查一般过去时。句意:2020年,新冠肺炎疫情在全球蔓延时,中国博物馆举办展览2.9万余场,教育活动22.5万余场,现场参观5.4亿人次,网上参观超过1亿人次。该句是复合句,含when引导的时间状语从句,再根据In 2020可知句子用一般过去时。故填held。
115.
考查名词复数。句意:博物馆现在正在利用大数据、云计算和人工智能等新技术来更好地为游客服务。根据such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence可知前面的名词technology用其复数形式technologies。故填technologies。
116.
考查形容词性物主代词。句意:博物馆现在正在利用大数据、云计算和人工智能等新技术来更好地为游客服务。句中visitors是名词,由形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。
117.
考查现在完成时。句意:到目前为止,许多博物馆都开发了一些特别的产品来增加它们的吸引力。根据so far“到目前为止”,可知句子用现在完成时,再根据主语many museums,复数形式,所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填have developed。
118.
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意:例如,三星堆文物遗址就推出了形状像其著名的金青铜面具的冰淇淋。此处宾语ice creams和动词shape之间是被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语。故填shaped。
119.
考查不定冠词。句意:进一步完善文化服务体系已被纳入“十四五”规划,其中包括公共博物馆、图书馆数字化等措施。句中system是名词,前面用不定冠词a表示泛指,意思是“一个”。故填A。
120.
考查非限制性定语从句。句意:进一步完善文化服务体系已被纳入“十四五”规划,其中包括公共博物馆、图书馆数字化等措施。此处14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25)是先行词,指物,在后面的定语从句作主语,定语从句由which引导。故填which。
121.but/though/although
122.has been told/is told
123.that/which
124.have risen/have been rising/are rising
125.at
126.to improve
127.should
128.involved
129.Others
130.arguing
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前正在增加的儿童肥胖症对健康的影响及形成原因,并谈论了学校和家长谁应该负责的问题。
121.
考查连词。句意:他付了一杯橙汁和一些奶酪条的钱,尽管(但是)他真正想要的是苏打水和薯条。后文he really wanted soda and chips和前文He pays for an orange juice and some cheese sticks之间存在转折关系,故可用并列连词but连接,或用though或although引导让步状语从句。故填but/though/although。
122.
考查语态。句意:七年级学生Leticia Brown的医生告诉她需要减肥。根据句意及后文谓语动词says可知,此处描述现在情况,可用现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在的影响或用一般现在时,谓语动词tell和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填has been told/is told。
123.
考查定语从句。句意:许多儿童的健康状况是由他们的生活方式造成或恶化的。分析可知,空格处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为conditions,关系代词that或which引导从句,在从句中用作主语,指代事物。故填that/which。
124.
考查时态。句意:此外,儿童糖尿病的发病率也在上升。根据句意以及前文时间状语in the past 30 years可知,此处应用现在完成时(have/has done)或现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)表示过去的事情对现在的影响或有持续影响,也可以用现在进行时(be doing),表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态。故填have risen/have been rising/are rising。
125.
考查介词。句意:这些状况会使儿童在以后的生活中面临患心脏病和其他主要杀手的风险。介词短语at risk“有危险”以及动词短语put sb at risk“使某人处于危险之中”是固定搭配,符合句意。故填at。
126.
考查非谓语动词。句意:但是孩子们可以做很多事情来改善他们的健康。根据句意可知,此处应用动词improve的不定式表目的,作状语。故填to improve。
127.
考查情态动词。句意:医生说孩子们的首要任务应该是吃健康的食物和每天锻炼。根据句意可知,此处应用情态动词should和后面动词原形构成复合谓语,表示“责任、义务”,意为“应该”。故填should。
128.
考查过去分词。句意:学校正在参与解决这个问题。动词involve“使参与”和主语之间是被动关系,根据前文are getting可知,此处应用involve的过去分词构成被动结构,get involved in sth是固定搭配。故填involved。
129.
考查不定代词。句意:其他的一些学校则提供更多的体育课来强调锻炼的重要性。根据前文Some及句意可知,此处应用others指“其他的学校”。句首字母大写,故填Others。
130.
考查非谓语动词。句意:许多家长感到愤怒,认为学校应该把重点放在教学上。分析可知,非谓语动词argue和主语parents之间是主动关系,故用其现在分词作状语。故填arguing。
131.highlights
132.To create
133.powerful
134.the
135.seriously
136.with
137.attempting
138.reality
139.who
140.that
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新动画片《海龟之旅》,英国绿色和平组织从海龟家族的角度强调了海洋破坏,呼吁人们保护环境。
131.
考查时态。句意:在一部名为《海龟之旅》的新动画片中,英国绿色和平组织(Greenpeace UK)从海龟家族的角度强调了海洋破坏。此处缺乏谓语,讲的是现在的事实,highlight时态用一般现在时,主语Greenpeace UK (an environmental organization是同位语)是单数,谓语单数形式。故填highlights。
132.
考查动词不定式。句意:为了制作这部电影,英国绿色和平组织与阿德曼动画公司以及奥斯卡获奖演员和明星合作。此处用动词不定式(to do)做目的状语,首字母大写。故填To create。
133.
考查形容词。句意:这部强有力的电影讲述了海龟一家穿过海底来到珊瑚礁上的家的故事。此处用形容词powerful作定语,修饰名词film。故填powerful。
134.
考查冠词。句意:“在过去几年中,我们的海洋已经到了崩溃的边缘,但这是一个没有被经常讲述的故事,”英国绿色和平组织(Greenpeace UK)海洋主管Will Mccallum说。此处特指“过去几年”,用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
135.
考查副词。句意:海洋破坏正在严重影响海龟和其他海洋生物,其中许多目前正面临灭绝。此处用副词seriously作状语,修饰动词affecting。故填seriously。
136.
考查固定搭配。句意:海洋破坏正在严重影响海龟和其他海洋生物,其中许多目前正面临灭绝。固定搭配be faced with…(面临……)。故填with。
137.
考查现在分词。句意:女演员Olivia Colman在影片中为一个角色配音,她说:“对于许多因人类活动而栖息地遭到破坏的海洋生物来说,海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一个现实。” 本句已有系动词is且无连词,动词attempt用非谓语形式,逻辑主语this turtle family与动词attempt是主谓关系,attempt用现在分词(doing)表主动,作后置定语,修饰名词this turtle family。故填attempting。
138.
考查名词的数。句意:女演员Olivia Colman在影片中为一个角色配音,她说:“对于许多因人类活动而栖息地遭到破坏的海洋生物来说,海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一个现实。”结合不定冠词a可知,用单数名词reality作表语。故填reality。
139.
考查定语从句。句意:女演员Olivia Colman在影片中为一个角色配音,她说:“对于许多因人类活动而栖息地遭到破坏的海洋生物来说,海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一个现实。”此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是actress Olivia Colman,指人,在从句中作主语,用关系代词who。故填who。
140.
考查同位语从句。句意:我希望这部电影能激励更多的人采取行动保护我们的海洋。空后句子是同位语从句解释说明名词hope的内容,从句结构完整,不缺任何意义,用只起连接作用的that。故填that。
141.its
142.ambitious
143.containing
144.was launched
145.on
146.fully
147.When/Once
148.the
149.has come
150.and
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是中国发射了新空间站的首个太空舱“天河”。
141.
考查物主代词。句意:中国发射了新空间站的首个太空舱,这是北京雄心勃勃的载人永久进入太空计划的一个里程碑。根据语境可知,中国发射了新空间站的首个太空舱,new space station和China是所属关系,因此空格处用物主代词,空格后有名词new space station,因此用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
142.
考查形容词。句意:中国发射了新空间站的首个太空舱,这是北京雄心勃勃的载人永久进入太空计划的一个里程碑。空格处用形容词作定语,ambition的形容词是ambitious,意为“雄心勃勃的”,故填ambitious。
143.
考查非谓语动词。句意:周四,搭载长征5B火箭的“天河”无人核心舱在中国海南省文昌市发射升空,其中包括三名宇航员的生活舱。分析可知,第二空是谓语,本空用非谓语形式,module和contain之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,作后置定语,故填containing。
144.
考查动词语态。句意:周四,搭载长征5B火箭的“天河”无人核心舱在中国海南省文昌市发射升空,其中包括三名宇航员的生活舱。The Tianhe是被发射,且由Thursday可知,句子描述过去的情况,时态用一般过去时,因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态,主语The Tianhe是单数,因此空格处是was launched,故填was launched。
145.
考查介词。句意:周四,搭载长征5B火箭的“天河”无人核心舱在中国海南省文昌市发射升空,其中包括三名宇航员的生活舱。Thursday是星期四,前面加介词on,故填on。
146.
考查副词。句意:国际空间站预计将在2022年全面运行,此前将执行大约10次任务,运送更多部件并在轨道上组装。空格处用副词修饰形容词,full的副词是fully,意为“完全地”,故填fully。
147.
考查连词。句意:一旦建成,中国空间站预计将在近地轨道上停留15年。根据语境可知,句子表示“一旦建成,中国空间站预计将在近地轨道上停留15年”,因此空格处是“一旦”,即once;句子也可理解成“当它建成时,中国空间站预计将在近地轨道上停留15年”,因此空格处是“当……的时候”,是when,故填When或Once。
148.
考查定冠词。句意:至少有12名宇航员正在接受飞往空间站并在空间站生活的训练。station在此不是第一次出现,因此前面用定冠词the,故填the。
149.
考查动词时态。句意:自1970年发射第一颗卫星以来,这个国家已经取得了长足的进步。由since可知,时态用现在完成时,主语The country是单数,因此空格处是has come,故填has come。
150.
考查连词。句意:中国在2003年将第一位宇航员送入太空,并在今年早些时候将一个探测器送入火星轨道。根据句意可知,put和sent是并列关系,因此空格处用表示并列的连词and,故填and。
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