2022届新高考英语一轮复习 过关检测 题型七 概要写作

这是一份2022届新高考英语一轮复习 过关检测 题型七 概要写作，共6页。
第三部分 高考题型突破 题型七　概要写作过关检测Writing 1[2018浙江11月]　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园)like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one. There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at collegeweeklive.com. While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 2　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。With the increasingly growing popularity of distance education, students are now able to study at home by themselves. Some experts in education are advocates of the individual way of learning, while other educationalists strongly oppose it, claiming that this new approach may lead to poor academic performance. In my opinion, group study (studying as a group) has many more to offer, and therefore we should always put group study first.It is true that we should value individualism, priding ourselves on our independence and our ability to make up our own minds. This, however, does not necessarily mean that, with self-reliance in mind, we can always start a course that leads to success, no matter what we do. After all, sometimes things go the other way round. Let us begin by having a close examination of studying, which might involve interaction between teachers and students at first thought. But does communication among learners count? The answer is absolutely "Yes". By exchanging thoughts with our study partners, we can have a wider range of knowledge of the subject and often at a deeper level; by comparing ourselves with other students, we can get a clear idea of where we are so that we may be motivated to work hard to keep pace with others if we lag behind others.It is known to all that humans are "gregarious(群居的)animals". Not only do we study or play together, but also we work in groups. Almost all members of our society need to gain social skills in preparation for their careers, and studying with other people offers the greatest opportunity to learn how to communicate and cooperate with others. People who study all by themselves may prove their learning ability, but they may not survive in the competitive job market, for they lack relevant social skills. While we should encourage students to develop their own mindset, the important role played by group study should never be undervalued. All in all, students who study independently might need to change their studying habits in order to achieve success in the future.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 3阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Are you trying to make a big decision while you’re also preparing for a stressful presentation?You might want to hold off that. Feeling stressful changes how people weigh risk and reward. An article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science suggests people under stress pay more attention to the positive sides of a possible outcome.It’s a bit surprising that stress makes people focus on the way things could go right, says Mara Mather from the University of Southern California. She co-wrote the review paper with Nichole R. Lighthall. "This is sort of not what people would think," Mather says. "Stress is usually associated with negative experiences, so you’d think ‘Maybe I’m going to be more focused on the negative outcomes’." But researchers have found that when people are under stress, they start paying more attention to positive information and discounting negative information. "Stress seems to help people learn from positive feedback and impair(削弱)their learning from negative feedback, " Mather says.When people under stress are making a difficult decision, they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives they’re considering and less to the problems. So someone who’s thinking whether to take a new job and is feeling stressful about it might focus on the increase in salary more than the longer commute(上下班路程). The increased focus on the positives also helps explain why stress plays a role in evoking addictions. People under stress have a harder time controlling their urges. "The compulsion to get the reward comes stronger and they’re less able to resist it," Mather says.Stress also increases the differences in how men and women think about risks. When men are under stress, they become even more willing to take risks; when women are stressful, they get more conservative. Previous research backs this up — at difficult times, men tend towards the fight-or-flight response, while women try to bond more with others and improve their relationships.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 4　　阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish disposed(处理) carelessly.　　There are different kinds of pollutants, each of which comes from different sources. It is necessary to identify the source of pollutants, in order to make a policy to get rid of them. Different products, processes and activities of our industrialized world together form the major source of pollutants. The forms of pollution can be mainly divided into three kinds — solids, liquids and gases. These pollutants have greatly damaged our planet and continue to do so. In fact, pollution is threatening our existence. The whole ecological balance of the earth is changing. Massive destruction of the environment has brought about negative effects and even posed a great threat to man’s existence.　　We must face the situation that exists and take action to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution; the public must receive the education about the danger of pollution and raise their awareness of protecting the environment and so on.　　The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and our later generations. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to deal with the situation by the government.And laws have been passed to stop pollution. I hope the problems will be solved in the near future and that our home will become better and better.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  答  案题型七　概要写作 Writing 1【写作思路】核心内容:本文是一篇说明文。在申请大学之前,最好能够先去了解即将报考的大学的相关情况,特别是你家附近的大学,可以去里面走一走,如果时间和钱不允许,也可以上网查询相关情况。写作分析:(1)抓住主旨,理清结构关系。原文第一段提出了主题,即在申请大学之前去参观一下是一个很好的主意;第二、三、四段讲述了具体的措施。(2)确立语篇主题,合理重组结构。原文第一段首先表明了文章的中心,可概括为"You’d better spare the time to visit campuses to examine all aspects of your dream colleges to ensure a brilliant college life, even if it may be costly"(要点1) ;第二段交代了了解大学的方式之一,可概括为"If you live nearby, be sure to check it out before you apply"(要点2);第三段交代了了解大学的方式之二,可概括为"Even after submitting applications, a visit can help avoid much trouble"(要点3);第四段交代了了解大学的方式之三,可概括为"Visiting the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive, if it’s impossible to see for yourself for lack of time and money, will be beneficial"(要点4)。通过以上分析,我们可以发现原文的论述结构:提出文章中心(要点1)——展开论述(要点2—4)。在写概要的时候,考生应先确定采取何种表达顺序来完成对原文要点的表述。【参考范文】You’d better spare the time to visit campuses to examine all aspects of your dream colleges to ensure a brilliant college life, even if it may be costly. (要点1) If you live nearby, be sure to check it out before you apply.(要点2) Even after submitting applications, a visit can help avoid much trouble.(要点3) Visiting the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive, if it’s impossible to see for yourself for lack of time and money, will be beneficial. (要点4)Writing 2【文章大意】Paragraph 1:随着远程教育的日益流行,现在学生可以在家自己学习。教育领域的一些专家支持独立的学习方式,而其他教育家强烈反对这种学习方式。作者认为小组学习有更多的优点,所以我们应该把小组学习放在第一位。Paragraph 2:我们应该重视个人主义,为自己的独立和自主能力感到自豪,但这未必意味着在自我独立的情况下,不管做什么我们总能开启一条通往成功的路。学习者之间的交流沟通是很重要的,通过与学习伙伴交流想法,我们可以更广泛地加深对某一问题的认识,通过与学习伙伴的对比,我们也可以了解自己当前的学习水平,从而与他人齐步前进。Paragraph 3:众所周知,人类是群居动物。小组学习给学习者提供了绝佳的机会来学习如何与他人沟通与合作,这有利于人们在充满竞争的就业市场中胜出。Paragraph 4:虽然我们应该鼓励学生发展自己的思维方式,但绝不应低估小组学习的重要作用。 总而言之,独立学习的学生可能需要改变他们的学习习惯,以便在未来取得成功。【参考范文】Despite the popularity of independent learning, I hold the belief that group study can benefit us more.(要点1) Interaction with peers is no less important than independence in achieving success.(要点2) Meanwhile, social skills that play a significant role in people’s careers can be learned from group study. (要点3) To conclude, the importance of group study should not be undervalued if we want to be successful in the future.(要点4)Writing 3【文章大意】Paragraph 1:压力会改变人们如何权衡风险和回报。一篇发表在《心理科学近期趋势》上的文章表明,处于压力下的人们更加关注可能出现的结果的积极方面。Paragraph 2:研究者发现当人们处于压力下时,他们开始更加关注积极的信息。Paragraph 3:换工作和上瘾两件事说明压力对人们做决定有一定的影响。Paragraph 4:面对风险,处于压力之下的男性与女性反应不同。当男性处于压力之下时,他们更愿意冒险; 当女性感到有压力时,她们会变得更加保守。【参考范文】Stress can affect decision-making, and feeling stressful may lead people to be more optimistic.(要点1) Surprising as it may sound, stress can really make people concentrate more on positive things and less on negative ones.(要点2) Both job-hopping and addictions can well explain the influence of stress on decision-making.(要点3) Nevertheless, men and women under stress respond quite differently in the face of risks.(要点4)Writing 4【文章大意】Paragraph 1:全世界的环境问题正变得越来越严重,例如:空气对人们的健康有害,树木被砍伐,废水被倒进河流以及垃圾被随意处理等。Paragraph 2:不同种类的污染物来自不同的污染源。要想制定政策除去污染物,辨别出污染物的来源是必要的。与工业生产相关的活动是污染物的主要来源。Paragraph 3:污染物的形式主要有三类——固体、液体和气体, 这些污染物已经严重破坏了地球, 威胁着人类的生存。　　Paragraph 4:我们必须正视现状并采取措施(如制定法规严控工业污染,使公众明白污染的危害,提高公众的环保意识等)来解决环境问题。Paragraph 5:地球是我们的家园,我们都有责任去保护它。幸运的是,越来越多的人已意识到环境污染问题,相关的法规已经通过,政府也已采取措施来应对这一局面。【参考范文】　　The global environment is becoming worse because of various pollutants related to the industrial world.(要点1) In the form of gases, solids and liquids, the pollutants are becoming a major threat to the earth and human survival.(要点2)Therefore, we have to face the situation directly and spare no effort to handle it.(要点3) Luckily, people have been aware of the situation and the government has taken action to solve these problems.(要点4)