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2022届新高考英语一轮复习 夯基提升 题型四 语篇型语法填空
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这是一份2022届新高考英语一轮复习 夯基提升 题型四 语篇型语法填空，共14页。
Have yu ever wndered 1 yu wuld d t slve math prblems if yu didn’t have a calculatr r cmputer r even pencil and paper? Peple in China have used an ancient cunting tl 2 (perfrm) mathematical peratins. The Chinese calculatr’s name is "suanpan", but it is knwn 3 "abacus" in English. The abacus, 4 (date) back t the Han Dynasty, is ne f the symbls f Chinese peple’s wisdm.
The abacus has had a far-reaching influence n science and technlgy, language, literature, art, architecture and many 5 fields f China and even sme areas f the wrld. Meanwhile, the abacus has affected peple’s characters, such as hnesty and diligence. Fr centuries, this simple cunting device 6 (pass) dwn thrugh different dynasties with its riginal design and purpse 7 (actual) unchanged.
Calculatins can be made n it immediately, with the device string the results in "visual strage" much like a cmputer display. When wrking with an amunt f 8 (number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a 9 (gd) "keybard" than the Western calculatrs. Anyway, the small abacus has made an utstanding cntributin in the fields f human intellectual develpment, just as the cmputer des in tday’s 10 (scial).
Clze 2[2021河北沧州七校期中联考]
I met up with the lvely Australian gentleman again n my walk this mrning. 1 (actual),I see him almst every mrning. When I first saw him 2 (mnth)ag,he walked by me quickly and didn’t lk at me at all. He is nt gd at Chinese and I figure that’s why he might have been anxius abut 3 (make) eye cntact.
I dn’t knw any Australian s I wuld always just walk by with n cntact as well. Then ne day I stpped 4 (say)"Niha! "t him and smiled at him. He lked at me and with the 5 (big) smile I had ever seen,he shyly said,"Niha!" He, 6 was plite and friendly,lked like a different persn.We made cntact! After that,when we 7 (run)int each ther,we exchanged "Niha".
This mrning I saw him just frm a distance and I tried waving 8 him since we were t far away t say "Niha".Well, he was s happy when he saw me waving and he walked up t me in excitement.I saw his bright smile. In 9 (break) Chinese, he asked me whether I culd teach him Chinese and said that Chinese is indeed a beautiful, brad and prfund language. I agreed. This surely made ur happy mrning and I bet he smiled all 10 way t the bus stp!
Clze 3[2021云南师大附中适应性考试]
Twelve laureates were awarded Nbel Prizes in 2020.Their achievements are 1 (benefit)t humankind.
Three scientists,Rger Penrse,Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez, 2 helped uncver the details abut black hles,shared this year’s Nbel Prize in Physics.
Black hles are massive bjects whse gravitatinal field is s strng 3 nthing can escape,nt even light. At their centers,the laws f physics stp making sense.
N questin these bjects are mysterius.Frtunately,the full picture gets clearer than befre with scientists 4 (cntinuus) wrking n them.Penrse eventually perfrmed mathematical calculatins that shwed that black hles are nt just mathematical ideas 5 (suggest) by Einstein’s thery. Accrding t his calculatins, black hles culd frm in cnditins which are likely t exist in the universe.Using the wrld’s 6 (large)telescpes,Genzel and Ghez each lead astrnmers wh,since the early 1990s, 7 (fcus)n a regin called Sagittarius A*(人马座A星)at the center f ur galaxy.They develped 8 (methd) t see thrugh the huge cluds f interstellar(星际的)gas and dust __9 the center f the Milky Way.They als imprved new techniques, 10 (devte)themselves t lng-term research. Their pineering wrk has given us the mst cnvincing evidence f a supermassive black hle at the center f the Milky Way.
Clze 4[2021山东新高考质量考评联合调研]
Summer Palace, which 1 (literal) means "the garden f perfect brightness", was an estate f gardens, temples, palaces and twers in the nrthwest f Beijing. Hwever, it was brken int by the Angl-French in 1860, 2__ numerus natinal treasures, including the 12 animal head statues, were taken away.
In September 2007, Stanley H in Maca purchased the hrse-head statue at a price f HK $69.1 millin ($8.9 millin). It 3 (dnate) back t the cuntry in Nvember 2019.
On Dec 1, 2020, the hrse-head brnze statue returned t its riginal hme, 4 (make) it the first animal-head statue t have cme back t Yuanmingyuan. There is gd news 5 the statue will be regularly displayed in the Zhengjue Temple area in Yuanmingyuan.
"The hrse’s head hlds the memries f histry and ur natin’s 6 (share) emtin," Pansy H Chiu-king, Stanley H’s daughter, said at the handver ceremny. The return f the statue sets 7 example t the internatinal cmmunity t bring mre lst relics back t their 8 (rigin).
S far seven f the 12 statues, including the hrse’s head, 9 (cme) back t China, and nw the rest six are hused in the Natinal Museum f China and Ply Art Museum. The search is 10 fr the remaining five: a dg, a rster, a dragn, a sheep and a snake.
Clze 5[2020浙江义乌适应性考试]
Yu have heard abut tea’s benefits, but nt all the news 1 (be) gd. The latest study, led by Farhad Islami frm the American Cancer Sciety, has fund that 2 (drink)t ht tea may duble yur risk f esphagus(食道)cancer.
While previus studies have fund a link 3 ht drinks and this type f cancer, this is the first study t 4__ (accurate)figure ut the temperature at which a ht liquid becmes risky. Dr. Islami and his clleagues find that the cnstant damage f stmach 5 (cause)by swallwing ht liquids may speed up the grwth f cancer. While the 6 (result)are unsettling, it may help t knw that ut f the mre than 49,000 tea drinkers in 7 study, nly 317 develped esphagus cancer. In ther wrds, the verall risk is still small.
The study has als shwed that althugh black tea and green tea have antixidants(抗氧化剂) 8 can help reduce cancer risk, there are ther unknwn cmpunds(化合物)in the tea that may have a harmful effect n yur bdy when it __9 (make)t ht. Befre drinking ht tea, 10 is wise t wait until it cls dwn.
Clze 6[2020辽宁大连二十四中模拟]
Qian Xuesen, a gifted rcket scientist 1 led China’s space and rcketry prgrams, was brn in Shanghai in December 1911. He 2 (admit)int Shanghai Jia Tng University in 1929. In 1934, he wn 3 schlarship and in 1935 he left China t study at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy. One year later, he 4 (g)t the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy t start graduate studies under Thedre vn Kármán, a wrld-famus prfessr f aerdynamics(空气动力学).
Frm 1938 t 1955, Qian stayed in America, wrking with Kármán t research aerdynamics, rcketry and missiles. Despite his high salary and cmfrtable life in the US, Qian remained 5 (cncern)abut his hme cuntry’s develpment. In Octber 1955, Qian braved all the difficulties and 6 (final)made his way back t China.
Upn his arrival, Qian Xuesen, tgether 7 dynamics expert Qian Weichang, established the Institute f Mechanics. Then Qian set ut 8 (lead)China’s missile and rcketry prgrams.
Uninterested in frtune and fame, Qian devted his life t 9 (rebuild)the natin. "As a Chinese technician, my life’s purpse is t serve the peple," he said. "If after I die the public feels I have made a cntributin during my life, that __10 (apprve)will be the highest praise f all." Qian died n Oct. 31, 2009. The Chinese peple will never frget his cntributin.
Clze 7[2020安徽合肥第三次质量检测]
Beijing rast duck, which is hnred as by far ne f the 1 (delicius) dishes in the wrld, has wn fame bth at hme and abrad. Nwadays, an increasing number f 2 (freign) traveling t Beijing fall in lve with 3 .
Preparing high-quality rast duck 4 (be) a lng and cmplicated prcess f many steps, frm selecting the duck at the beginning t 5 (serve) it t the diners at the end. Each step is carefully taken t guarantee the rast duck is attractive in 6 (appear), red in clr, fragrant, and ht with thin steam when served. In the restaurant, ducks are rasted upn the rder f the diners. After the rast duck is ready, it is brught t the diners, in frnt f 7 a chef will skillfully slice the juicy meat, each piece with well-cked skin 8 (attach) t it. Yu can dip the slices f duck int sweet sauce (酱), and wrap the meat with sme spring nins inside a thin pancake, and yu finally take a bite nly then! Nrmally, the remaining bnes f the duck 9 (ck) slwly fr making delicius, milk-white sup. All ges well with wine, thus making the dinner 10 unfrgettable "full-duck banquet(宴会)".
Clze 8[2020河北唐山一中调研]
The histry f the cmputer began in 1642 as a calculating machine in France. It culd 1 (simple) difficult sums. The cmputer develped very slwly and it tk nearly tw hundred years 2 it was built as an 3 (analyze) machine. In 1936, Alan Turing wrte a bk abut hw t make the cmputer wrk as a "universal machine" 4 (slve) difficult mathematical prblems.
At the beginning, the cmputer was as large as a rm. This reality wrried the designers. With time 5 (g) by, it became smaller and smaller and 6 (it) memry develped a lt. With artificial intelligence, it was getting cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. In 7 early 1960s, cmputers culd be cnnected by a netwrk, which enabled the users t share infrmatin with thers. Since the 1970s, cmputers have had many new 8 (apply) and becme very imprtant in cmmunicatin, finance and trade. They have been put int space rckets and sent t explre the Mn and Mars. Since its birth, the cmputer 9 (design) t serve the human race and prvided humans 10 a high-quality life.
Clze 9[命题新角度:考查倒装句式]
Up t June 23rd, 2020, 55 BeiDu satellites 1 (send) up, meaning the cmpletin f China’s self-develped BeiDu Navigatin(导航) Satellite System(BDS). BDS appears later 2 America’s GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and EU’ s Galile, but it can match them. As ne f the fur 3 (glbe) navigatin satellite systems, BDS invlves effrts f ver 400 agencies and 300,000 research persnnel and technicians.
Originally 4 (plan) in the 1980s, the netwrk represents a milestne in China’s space effrt. BDS is cmparable t GPS in terms f the 5 (accurate) f psitining. It als ffers shrt message cmmunicatin and thus can prvide emergency cmmunicatins in areas 6 cnventinal cmmunicatin signals are pr. 7 an effrt t imprve the quality f their psitining services, Apple and Samsung phnes, amng thers, are already using BDS’s signals, and s __8__ (be) every Chinese brand.
The cnstructin f cmplete BDS is a huge technical achievement fr China and can 9 (easy) pay ff in the near future. Meanwhile, BDS’s great cntributin t 10 (prmte) the wrld’s ecnmic and scial develpment as well as the peaceful use f space has attracted the wrld’s attentin.
Clze 10[素材导向:传播中国优秀文化]
Experience China, a ppular week-lng hliday prgram, tk place nline fr the first time n Mnday. It was rganized by the Cnfucius Institute in Frankfurt 1 the Chinese language and sme Chinese culture are taught. 2__ (design) fr German children wh are interested in the Chinese language and culture, this year’s prgram has been simplified 3 (adapt) t children’s nline attentin span(持续时间) and habits. It has 4 (few) events f dancing and martial arts, but mre real-time vide chats with Chinese yuth in China. The Institute’s nline classes will gradually take __5 place f traditinal nes in late March. Its students culd als get 6 (accessible) t varius nline after-class activities, such as attending reading clubs and Tai Chi lessns.
"The feedback n ur nline classes 7 (be) very gd s far. We have n cmplaints abut the sudden switch t nline classes," Christina Werum-Wang, directr f the Institute, 8 (tell) Xinhua. "Even mre, mst peple are very happy that we dn’t stp classes, and they are 9 (simple) grateful that the prgram ges s smthly," Werum-Wang added. "Whether sme nline events shuld be kept in the future is still 10 discussin."
Clze 11[创新素材:新兴职业]
Smetimes in life, peple may find they are stuck with 1 (cnventin) thughts and behavirs r wndering what they’re suppsed t be ding right nw. In this case, life caches 2 (require) t help them imprve their game strategies. A life cach is a prfessinal wh takes 3 (respnsible) fr things ranging frm encuraging peple t make persnal life changes they have always sught 4 assisting them in identifying gals and hitting a path tward self-imprvement.
Fr example, if yu are upset in yur career path and 5 (extreme) unsure f the right directin t fllw, life caches are f help. They wn’t tell yu what t d, but rather they’ll help guide yu t 6 yu shuld be headed. They help yu find yur true calling r desire but let yu make it a reality n yur wn. Life caches als give yu the clearness yu lng fr 7 (make) imprtant decisins.
S if yu are struggling fr 8 better versin f yurself, yu may cnsider sme help frm life caches. There is nthing t be ashamed f when it cmes t 9 (turn) t thers. Smetimes if a little guidance alng with sme pushes __10 (cme) in, yu will be led t the life yu have expected.
答 案
题型四 语篇型语法填空
Clze 1
本文主要介绍了中国的算盘。算盘对中国乃至世界的很多方面都产生了深远的影响。
1.what 考查名词性从句。根据句意和句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作宾语,表示"……事情",故填what。
2.t perfrm 考查非谓语动词。use sth. t d sth.表示"使用……做……",故填t perfrm作目的状语。
3.as 考查介词。句意:这个中国计算工具的名字叫"算盘",但在英语中它被称为"abacus"。根据句意可知,此处考查固定搭配be knwn as"被称为,被认为是",故填as。
4.dating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空前句子完整,空处应用date非谓语动词形式,且date与其逻辑主语The abacus构成主谓关系,应用现在分词形式,故填dating。
5.ther 考查形容词。句意:算盘对中国乃至世界一些地区的科技、语言、文学、艺术、建筑和许多其他领域产生了深远影响。根据句意可知,空前列举了很多领域,空处表示"其他的",ther表示"另外,其他"。故填ther。
6.has been passed 考查动词时态。根据上文的"Fr centuries"可知,此处应用现在完成时,且主语"this simple cunting device"与谓语动词pass之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,故填has been passed。
7.actually 考查副词。此空修饰形容词unchanged,需要副词,故填actually。
8.numbers 考查名词。an amunt f "许多,大量",后接可数名词时,应该用复数,number为可数名词,故填numbers。
9.better 考查形容词比较级。根据下文中的"than the Western calculatrs"可知, 此处应用形容词的比较级better。
10.sciety 考查名词。空前是名词所有格tday’s,其后应接名词作介词in的宾语,故填sciety。
Clze 2
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者和一位澳大利亚人从不认识到互相打招呼的经历。
1.Actually 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Actually。
2.mnths 考查名词单复数。mnth为可数名词,其前面没有限定词修饰,故应用复数形式。此处mnths ag表示"几个月前"。
3.making 考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词abut后,应用动词-ing形式作宾语。
4.t say 考查非谓语动词。此处表示"我停下来对他说‘你好!’",表示"停下来去做某事"应用固定短语stp t d sth.,故填不定式t say。stp ding sth.表示"停止做某事"。
5.biggest 考查形容词最高级。根据空后的"I had ever seen"可知,此处表示"我见过的最灿烂的笑容",应用形容词最高级形式。故填biggest。
6.wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为He,故此处应用关系代词wh引导。
7.ran 考查动词时态。语篇叙述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;run是不规则变化动词,其过去式为ran。
8.at/t 考查介词。短语wave at/t sb.表示"向某人挥手"。
9.brken 考查形容词。根据后文提到的"他问我是否可以教他汉语"可知,他的汉语说得不好,故此处应用brken,表示"蹩脚的,不流利的"。
10.the 考查冠词。all the way为固定短语,表示"一直,一路上"。
Clze 3
本文介绍了获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的三位科学家。
1.beneficial 考查形容词。be beneficial t表示"有益于"。
2.wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,且先行词是人,故应用关系代词wh引导。
3.that 考查状语从句。句意:黑洞的引力如此之大以至于没有东西能够逃脱,甚至光也不能。为固定结构,表示"如此……以至于……",that在此引导结果状语从句。
4.cntinuusly 考查副词。空处修饰非谓语动词短语wrking n,应用副词形式cntinuusly。
5.suggested 考查非谓语动词,分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词作后置定语,且ideas与suggest之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式suggested。
6.largest 根据空前的"the wrld’s"可知,此处表示在世界范围内比较,应用形容词最高级。
7.have fcused/have been fcusing 考查动词时态。根据从句中的时间状语"since the early 1990s"可知,此处可用现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响;也可用现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去一直持续到现在,而且还有可能持续下去。
8.methds methd表示"方法",为可数名词,且其前没有限定词修饰,故应用复数形式。
9.t 考查介词。句意:他们研究出了新方法,能够透过巨大的星际气体和尘埃,观测到银河系的中心。根据句意可知,此处应用介词t,表示"直到"。
10.devting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处所在句已有谓语imprved,空处应填非谓语动词作状语,且devte与其逻辑主语They为主谓关系,故用现在分词形式devting。
Clze 4
本文讲述了圆明园的十二尊雕像的现状,这些雕像中有七尊被运回中国,其余的正在寻找中。
1.literally 考查副词。空处修饰从句谓语means,应用副词形式,故填literally,表示"字面上"。
2.when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,修饰先行词1860,从句缺少时间状语,表示"那时候",故用关系副词when。
3.was dnated 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语"in Nvember 2019"可知,此处应用一般过去时;主语It指代前文的"the hrse-head statue",与谓语动词dnate为动宾关系,应用被动语态;且主语It为单数形式,故应填was dnated。
4.making 考查非谓语动词。句意:2020年12月1日,马首铜像回到了它原来的家,成为第一个回到圆明园的兽首雕像。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。故填making。
5.that 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导同位语从句,对前文的抽象名词gd news进行解释说明,从句结构和句意完整,空处在此只起连接作用,故应用that。
6.shared 考查非谓语动词。空处位于名词emtin前,作定语,share与emtin之间是动宾关系,故应用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
7.an 考查冠词。set an example t sb.为固定搭配,表示"为某人树立榜样"。要注意example的发音是以元音音素开头,要用不定冠词an。
8.rigins 考查名词复数。根据前文的可数名词复数"relics"可知,此处应用复数形式,表示"各种文物回归到它们原来的地方"。故填rigins。
9.have cme 考查动词时态。根据句中的S far可知,此处应用现在完成时;句子主语seven f the 12 statues为复数形式,谓语也应用复数。故填have cme。
10.n 考查介词。根据句意可知,此处表示"五座雕像正处于寻找中的状态",表示正在进行的状态,应用介词n。
Clze 5
这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了饮茶虽有一定益处,但若饮用滚烫的热茶,对身体健康有潜在的危害。
1.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处指"并不都是好消息",句中主语中心词news是不可数名词,谓语应为第三人称单数形式,且根据语境可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填is。
2.drinking 考查非谓语动词。从句中may duble为谓语,故空处使用非谓语动词,又因空处在句中作主语,故用drinking。
3.between 考查介词。此处表达的是"热饮与此种癌症之间的联系",表示"……和……之间"。
4.accurately 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语figure ut,应使用副词形式。
5.caused 考查非谓语动词。此处意为"喝下热饮所导致的胃部持续损伤",cause与其逻辑主语damage之间构成动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。
6.results 考查名词。根据谓语are可知空处应使用名词复数形式。
7.the 考查冠词。此处特指上文中提到的study,故用定冠词。
8.that/which 考查关系代词。此处表示红茶和绿茶中有能降低癌症风险的抗氧化剂。空处引导限制性定语从句修饰antixidants,且空处在从句中作主语,因而可使用关系代词that/which。
9.is made 考查动词时态和语态。此处表示它被做得太热了。此处主语it指代上文的tea,make与其主语之间为动宾关系,且此处为对一般情况的介绍,应用一般现在时,故填is made。
10.it 考查代词。此处为"it is +adj.+t d sth."结构,it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
Clze 6
文章主要讲述了钱学森放弃国外优越条件,毅然回国发展中国火箭和导弹事业,他一生不求名利,献身于建设祖国。
1.wh/that 考查关系代词。Qian Xuesen为句子的主语,a gifted rcket scientist 为它的同位语,空格处引导限制性定语从句,修饰指人的先行词scientist,故空处应用wh/that,在从句中充当主语。
2.was admitted 考查动词时态和语态。本句为简单句,句中缺少谓语动词;由in 1929可知时态为一般过去时,又因主语He和admit之间是动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
3.a 考查冠词。schlarship在此意为"奖学金",为可数名词,又因此处泛指"一笔奖学金",故用不定冠词a。
4.went 考查动词时态。空处是句子的谓语部分,由时间状语One year later判断此处应用一般过去时,故填went。
5.cncerned 考查形容词。此处考查短语remain cncerned abut,表示"对……担心/忧虑"。
6.finally 考查副词。此处应用副词形式修饰动词made,故填finally。
7.with 考查介词。此处考查短语tgether with"和……一起"。
8.t lead 考查非谓语动词。此处考查短语set ut t d sth."着手做某事",故填t lead。
9.rebuilding 考查非谓语动词。"把……奉献给……",t是介词,故此处应用动名词作t的宾语。
10.apprval 考查名词。分析句子可知,此处应填名词作主句的主语,再由that判断填名词单数形式apprval。
Clze 7
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北京烤鸭。
1.mst delicius 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的by far和the,再结合句意可知,此处用形容词最高级形式,故填mst delicius。
2.freigners 考查名词。an increasing number f表示"越来越多的",后面接可数名词复数,故填freigners。
3.it 考查代词。此处指代前面的Beijing rast duck,故填it。
4.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:做优质的烤鸭是一个费时而复杂的过程,从最开始选鸭到最后端给就餐者,要经过很多步骤。此处陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,动词-ing短语Preparing high-quality rast duck作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填is。
5.serving 考查非谓语动词。空前的t是介词,后跟动词时要用其-ing形式作宾语,故填serving。
6.appearance 考查名词。每一步都是精心制作的,以保证烤鸭上桌时外观诱人,色泽红润,香味浓郁,热气腾腾。作介词in的宾语用名词,故填appearance。
7.whm 考查定语从句。在用餐者面前,一位厨师会熟练地将多汁的肉切成薄片,每一块都带着熟皮。此处为定语从句,先行词为diners,指人,关系词在从句中作in frnt f的宾语,故填whm。
8.attached 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构,skin与attach之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,用过去分词作宾补,故填attached。
9.are cked 考查动词的时态和语态。通常情况下,剩下的鸭骨头会慢慢地煮,用来做美味的乳白色的汤。the remaining bnes 与ck之间是动宾关系,且此处叙述的是一般事实,应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are cked。
10.an 考查冠词。所有这些都和酒很配,从而使晚餐成为一个难忘的"全鸭宴"。banquet是可数名词,此处用不定冠词表泛指,且unfrgettable的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
Clze 8
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了计算机的发展史。
1.simplify 考查动词。根据语境及空前的culd可知,此处应使用动词simplify"使简化"的原形。故填simplify。
2.befre 考查连词。计算机的发展非常缓慢,花了近200年的时间才把它开发成分析型机器。根据句意可知,此处应使用连词befre"在……之前"。故填befre。
3.analytical 考查形容词。此处作machine的定语,应使用形容词analytical"分析的"。故填analytical。
4.t slve 考查非谓语动词。1936年,Alan Turing写了一本关于如何使计算机作为一个"通用机器"来解决数学难题的书。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处表示目的,应使用不定式。故填t slve。
5.ging 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构,time与g是逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表示主动、动作正在进行。故填ging。
6.its 考查代词。它变得越来越小,内存也得到了很大的发展。根据句意可知,此处指"它(计算机)的",应使用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
7.the 考查冠词。表示年代时要用定冠词。故填the。
8.applicatins 考查名词。根据空前的many可知,此处应使用名词applicatin"应用"的复数形式。故填applicatins。
9.has been designed 考查时态和语态。根据"Since its birth"可知,应使用现在完成时;the cmputer与design之间是动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故填has been designed。
10.with 考查介词。prvide sb. with sth.为固定搭配,表示"给某人提供某物"。故填with。
Clze 9
文章主要介绍了中国的卫星导航系统"北斗"及其优点。
1.have been sent 考查时态和语态。根据句意可知,北斗卫星是被发射的,主语与send是动宾关系,应用被动语态;再根据时间状语"Up t June 23rd, 2020"可知,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
2.than 考查介词。根据语境和空前的later可知,此处表示北斗卫星导航系统比这些系统出现得晚,故用than引出比较对象。
3.glbal 考查形容词。修饰名词systems应使用所给词的形容词形式,glbal表示"全球的"。
4.planned 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,动词plan"规划,计划"与the netwrk为逻辑上的动宾关系,且此处表示动作已完成,故用过去分词作状语。
5.accuracy 考查名词。空处被定冠词the修饰且作in terms f的宾语,应使用所给词的名词形式。accuracy"准确(性)"。
6.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词areas,且关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。
7.In 考查介词。in an effrt t d sth."为了做某事"是固定用法,故填In。注意:空处位于句首,首字母要大写。
8.is 考查时态和主谓一致。 此处是s开头的倒装句型"s+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语",表示前面所述情况也适合该主语。此处主语为every Chinese brand,为单数意义,且此处描述客观情况,应用一般现在时,故用is。
9.easily 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词,应该用副词。easily"极有可能"。
10.prmting 考查非谓语动词。空前的t是介词,空处与空后的名词词组构成动名词短语作t的宾语,故本空应填动词的-ing形式prmting。
Clze 10
本文介绍了法兰克福孔子学院为对中国语言和文化感兴趣的德国孩子开设的为期一周的"体验中国"线上课程。
1.where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句且在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
2.Designed 考查非谓语动词。design与其逻辑主语this year’s prgram是动宾关系,且此处表示动作已经完成,故用过去分词。
3.t adapt 考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,表示课程已被简化以适应孩子在网上的注意力持续时间和习惯。
4.fewer 考查形容词比较级。根据句中表示转折的连词but和后面的mre可知,课程中涉及舞蹈和武术的活动较少,但是与中国年轻人的实时视频聊天更多了。故填比较级fewer。
5.the 考查冠词。take the place f是固定搭配,意为"代替,取代",故填the。
6.access 考查名词。空处作get的宾语,应用名词;access"(使用或见到的)机会,权利",是不可数名词,故填access。
7.has been 考查动词时态。句末的s far是现在完成时的标志词,句子的主语The feedback是单数,故填has been。
8.tld 考查时态。根据语境可知,此处"告诉"的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时。
9.simply 考查副词。空处修饰形容词grateful,故用副词simply。simply在此处表示"确实,简直"。
10.under 考查介词。under discussin"在讨论中"是固定搭配,故填under。
Clze 11
很多人发现自己被传统思想和行为困住或不知道当下要做什么。生活教练可以改变这一状况,他们鼓励人们做出改变、明确目标、不断进步。
【背景知识】 "生活教练"是一种在美国兴起的新兴职业,正走入中国。所谓生活教练就是以类似教练的角色出现在人们的生活中,帮助人们提高生活品质,引导人们设定生活目标,拟定具体实施计划,并采取行动,帮助人们跨越到理想的生活状态。
【词语积累】 hit常见义:v.打,击 本文义:v.到达(某地)
calling n.使命感,责任感;职业,行业
1.cnventinal 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词thughts and behavirs。cnventinal"墨守成规的,普通平凡的"。
2.are required 考查动词时态和语态。结合语境可知,此处陈述客观情况,应用一般现在时;主语life caches与require之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填are required。
3.respnsibility 考查名词。take respnsibility fr"承担……的责任",是固定搭配。
4.t 考查介词。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,此处为range 结构,表示"从鼓励人们做出自己一直想要的个人生活改变,到帮助他们确定目标,踏上一条自我提升之路"。故填介词t。
5.extremely 考查副词。空处修饰形容词unsure,应用副词,故填extremely。
6.where 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
7.t make 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作后置定语,修饰the clearness。
8.a 考查冠词。此处表示"一个更好的自己",故应用不定冠词a表泛指。
9.turning 考查非谓语动词。when it cmes t为固定句式,意为"一谈到,当提到",t是介词,其后常跟名词或动名词,故填turning。
10.cmes 考查动词时态。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表将来;句子主语guidance为不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填cmes。
【名师点津】 名词作主语,后面紧跟as well as, rather than, but, except, besides, with,accmpanied by, alng with, tgether with, like, including, cmbined with等时,谓语动词的数与前面的名词保持一致。主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
中国算盘
1
2
3
2
1
1
0
0
184
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
与外国友人打招呼
1
2
3
1
1
1
0
1
213
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
2020年诺贝尔
物理学奖获得者
1
2
3
1
1
2
0
0
195
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
圆明园的十二尊雕像
2
2
1
1
1
2
0
1
205
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
饮茶
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
177
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
钱学森
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
205
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
北京烤鸭
2
2
1
2
0
1
1
1
184
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
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连
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冠
计算机的发展史
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
165
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
北斗卫星导航系统
2
2
2
1
2
1
0
0
169
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
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连
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冠
孔子学院线上课程
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
175
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
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介
连
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冠
生活教练
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
195
8分钟
Have yu ever wndered 1 yu wuld d t slve math prblems if yu didn’t have a calculatr r cmputer r even pencil and paper? Peple in China have used an ancient cunting tl 2 (perfrm) mathematical peratins. The Chinese calculatr’s name is "suanpan", but it is knwn 3 "abacus" in English. The abacus, 4 (date) back t the Han Dynasty, is ne f the symbls f Chinese peple’s wisdm.
The abacus has had a far-reaching influence n science and technlgy, language, literature, art, architecture and many 5 fields f China and even sme areas f the wrld. Meanwhile, the abacus has affected peple’s characters, such as hnesty and diligence. Fr centuries, this simple cunting device 6 (pass) dwn thrugh different dynasties with its riginal design and purpse 7 (actual) unchanged.
Calculatins can be made n it immediately, with the device string the results in "visual strage" much like a cmputer display. When wrking with an amunt f 8 (number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a 9 (gd) "keybard" than the Western calculatrs. Anyway, the small abacus has made an utstanding cntributin in the fields f human intellectual develpment, just as the cmputer des in tday’s 10 (scial).
Clze 2[2021河北沧州七校期中联考]
I met up with the lvely Australian gentleman again n my walk this mrning. 1 (actual),I see him almst every mrning. When I first saw him 2 (mnth)ag,he walked by me quickly and didn’t lk at me at all. He is nt gd at Chinese and I figure that’s why he might have been anxius abut 3 (make) eye cntact.
I dn’t knw any Australian s I wuld always just walk by with n cntact as well. Then ne day I stpped 4 (say)"Niha! "t him and smiled at him. He lked at me and with the 5 (big) smile I had ever seen,he shyly said,"Niha!" He, 6 was plite and friendly,lked like a different persn.We made cntact! After that,when we 7 (run)int each ther,we exchanged "Niha".
This mrning I saw him just frm a distance and I tried waving 8 him since we were t far away t say "Niha".Well, he was s happy when he saw me waving and he walked up t me in excitement.I saw his bright smile. In 9 (break) Chinese, he asked me whether I culd teach him Chinese and said that Chinese is indeed a beautiful, brad and prfund language. I agreed. This surely made ur happy mrning and I bet he smiled all 10 way t the bus stp!
Clze 3[2021云南师大附中适应性考试]
Twelve laureates were awarded Nbel Prizes in 2020.Their achievements are 1 (benefit)t humankind.
Three scientists,Rger Penrse,Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez, 2 helped uncver the details abut black hles,shared this year’s Nbel Prize in Physics.
Black hles are massive bjects whse gravitatinal field is s strng 3 nthing can escape,nt even light. At their centers,the laws f physics stp making sense.
N questin these bjects are mysterius.Frtunately,the full picture gets clearer than befre with scientists 4 (cntinuus) wrking n them.Penrse eventually perfrmed mathematical calculatins that shwed that black hles are nt just mathematical ideas 5 (suggest) by Einstein’s thery. Accrding t his calculatins, black hles culd frm in cnditins which are likely t exist in the universe.Using the wrld’s 6 (large)telescpes,Genzel and Ghez each lead astrnmers wh,since the early 1990s, 7 (fcus)n a regin called Sagittarius A*(人马座A星)at the center f ur galaxy.They develped 8 (methd) t see thrugh the huge cluds f interstellar(星际的)gas and dust __9 the center f the Milky Way.They als imprved new techniques, 10 (devte)themselves t lng-term research. Their pineering wrk has given us the mst cnvincing evidence f a supermassive black hle at the center f the Milky Way.
Clze 4[2021山东新高考质量考评联合调研]
Summer Palace, which 1 (literal) means "the garden f perfect brightness", was an estate f gardens, temples, palaces and twers in the nrthwest f Beijing. Hwever, it was brken int by the Angl-French in 1860, 2__ numerus natinal treasures, including the 12 animal head statues, were taken away.
In September 2007, Stanley H in Maca purchased the hrse-head statue at a price f HK $69.1 millin ($8.9 millin). It 3 (dnate) back t the cuntry in Nvember 2019.
On Dec 1, 2020, the hrse-head brnze statue returned t its riginal hme, 4 (make) it the first animal-head statue t have cme back t Yuanmingyuan. There is gd news 5 the statue will be regularly displayed in the Zhengjue Temple area in Yuanmingyuan.
"The hrse’s head hlds the memries f histry and ur natin’s 6 (share) emtin," Pansy H Chiu-king, Stanley H’s daughter, said at the handver ceremny. The return f the statue sets 7 example t the internatinal cmmunity t bring mre lst relics back t their 8 (rigin).
S far seven f the 12 statues, including the hrse’s head, 9 (cme) back t China, and nw the rest six are hused in the Natinal Museum f China and Ply Art Museum. The search is 10 fr the remaining five: a dg, a rster, a dragn, a sheep and a snake.
Clze 5[2020浙江义乌适应性考试]
Yu have heard abut tea’s benefits, but nt all the news 1 (be) gd. The latest study, led by Farhad Islami frm the American Cancer Sciety, has fund that 2 (drink)t ht tea may duble yur risk f esphagus(食道)cancer.
While previus studies have fund a link 3 ht drinks and this type f cancer, this is the first study t 4__ (accurate)figure ut the temperature at which a ht liquid becmes risky. Dr. Islami and his clleagues find that the cnstant damage f stmach 5 (cause)by swallwing ht liquids may speed up the grwth f cancer. While the 6 (result)are unsettling, it may help t knw that ut f the mre than 49,000 tea drinkers in 7 study, nly 317 develped esphagus cancer. In ther wrds, the verall risk is still small.
The study has als shwed that althugh black tea and green tea have antixidants(抗氧化剂) 8 can help reduce cancer risk, there are ther unknwn cmpunds(化合物)in the tea that may have a harmful effect n yur bdy when it __9 (make)t ht. Befre drinking ht tea, 10 is wise t wait until it cls dwn.
Clze 6[2020辽宁大连二十四中模拟]
Qian Xuesen, a gifted rcket scientist 1 led China’s space and rcketry prgrams, was brn in Shanghai in December 1911. He 2 (admit)int Shanghai Jia Tng University in 1929. In 1934, he wn 3 schlarship and in 1935 he left China t study at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy. One year later, he 4 (g)t the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy t start graduate studies under Thedre vn Kármán, a wrld-famus prfessr f aerdynamics(空气动力学).
Frm 1938 t 1955, Qian stayed in America, wrking with Kármán t research aerdynamics, rcketry and missiles. Despite his high salary and cmfrtable life in the US, Qian remained 5 (cncern)abut his hme cuntry’s develpment. In Octber 1955, Qian braved all the difficulties and 6 (final)made his way back t China.
Upn his arrival, Qian Xuesen, tgether 7 dynamics expert Qian Weichang, established the Institute f Mechanics. Then Qian set ut 8 (lead)China’s missile and rcketry prgrams.
Uninterested in frtune and fame, Qian devted his life t 9 (rebuild)the natin. "As a Chinese technician, my life’s purpse is t serve the peple," he said. "If after I die the public feels I have made a cntributin during my life, that __10 (apprve)will be the highest praise f all." Qian died n Oct. 31, 2009. The Chinese peple will never frget his cntributin.
Clze 7[2020安徽合肥第三次质量检测]
Beijing rast duck, which is hnred as by far ne f the 1 (delicius) dishes in the wrld, has wn fame bth at hme and abrad. Nwadays, an increasing number f 2 (freign) traveling t Beijing fall in lve with 3 .
Preparing high-quality rast duck 4 (be) a lng and cmplicated prcess f many steps, frm selecting the duck at the beginning t 5 (serve) it t the diners at the end. Each step is carefully taken t guarantee the rast duck is attractive in 6 (appear), red in clr, fragrant, and ht with thin steam when served. In the restaurant, ducks are rasted upn the rder f the diners. After the rast duck is ready, it is brught t the diners, in frnt f 7 a chef will skillfully slice the juicy meat, each piece with well-cked skin 8 (attach) t it. Yu can dip the slices f duck int sweet sauce (酱), and wrap the meat with sme spring nins inside a thin pancake, and yu finally take a bite nly then! Nrmally, the remaining bnes f the duck 9 (ck) slwly fr making delicius, milk-white sup. All ges well with wine, thus making the dinner 10 unfrgettable "full-duck banquet(宴会)".
Clze 8[2020河北唐山一中调研]
The histry f the cmputer began in 1642 as a calculating machine in France. It culd 1 (simple) difficult sums. The cmputer develped very slwly and it tk nearly tw hundred years 2 it was built as an 3 (analyze) machine. In 1936, Alan Turing wrte a bk abut hw t make the cmputer wrk as a "universal machine" 4 (slve) difficult mathematical prblems.
At the beginning, the cmputer was as large as a rm. This reality wrried the designers. With time 5 (g) by, it became smaller and smaller and 6 (it) memry develped a lt. With artificial intelligence, it was getting cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. In 7 early 1960s, cmputers culd be cnnected by a netwrk, which enabled the users t share infrmatin with thers. Since the 1970s, cmputers have had many new 8 (apply) and becme very imprtant in cmmunicatin, finance and trade. They have been put int space rckets and sent t explre the Mn and Mars. Since its birth, the cmputer 9 (design) t serve the human race and prvided humans 10 a high-quality life.
Clze 9[命题新角度:考查倒装句式]
Up t June 23rd, 2020, 55 BeiDu satellites 1 (send) up, meaning the cmpletin f China’s self-develped BeiDu Navigatin(导航) Satellite System(BDS). BDS appears later 2 America’s GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and EU’ s Galile, but it can match them. As ne f the fur 3 (glbe) navigatin satellite systems, BDS invlves effrts f ver 400 agencies and 300,000 research persnnel and technicians.
Originally 4 (plan) in the 1980s, the netwrk represents a milestne in China’s space effrt. BDS is cmparable t GPS in terms f the 5 (accurate) f psitining. It als ffers shrt message cmmunicatin and thus can prvide emergency cmmunicatins in areas 6 cnventinal cmmunicatin signals are pr. 7 an effrt t imprve the quality f their psitining services, Apple and Samsung phnes, amng thers, are already using BDS’s signals, and s __8__ (be) every Chinese brand.
The cnstructin f cmplete BDS is a huge technical achievement fr China and can 9 (easy) pay ff in the near future. Meanwhile, BDS’s great cntributin t 10 (prmte) the wrld’s ecnmic and scial develpment as well as the peaceful use f space has attracted the wrld’s attentin.
Clze 10[素材导向:传播中国优秀文化]
Experience China, a ppular week-lng hliday prgram, tk place nline fr the first time n Mnday. It was rganized by the Cnfucius Institute in Frankfurt 1 the Chinese language and sme Chinese culture are taught. 2__ (design) fr German children wh are interested in the Chinese language and culture, this year’s prgram has been simplified 3 (adapt) t children’s nline attentin span(持续时间) and habits. It has 4 (few) events f dancing and martial arts, but mre real-time vide chats with Chinese yuth in China. The Institute’s nline classes will gradually take __5 place f traditinal nes in late March. Its students culd als get 6 (accessible) t varius nline after-class activities, such as attending reading clubs and Tai Chi lessns.
"The feedback n ur nline classes 7 (be) very gd s far. We have n cmplaints abut the sudden switch t nline classes," Christina Werum-Wang, directr f the Institute, 8 (tell) Xinhua. "Even mre, mst peple are very happy that we dn’t stp classes, and they are 9 (simple) grateful that the prgram ges s smthly," Werum-Wang added. "Whether sme nline events shuld be kept in the future is still 10 discussin."
Clze 11[创新素材:新兴职业]
Smetimes in life, peple may find they are stuck with 1 (cnventin) thughts and behavirs r wndering what they’re suppsed t be ding right nw. In this case, life caches 2 (require) t help them imprve their game strategies. A life cach is a prfessinal wh takes 3 (respnsible) fr things ranging frm encuraging peple t make persnal life changes they have always sught 4 assisting them in identifying gals and hitting a path tward self-imprvement.
Fr example, if yu are upset in yur career path and 5 (extreme) unsure f the right directin t fllw, life caches are f help. They wn’t tell yu what t d, but rather they’ll help guide yu t 6 yu shuld be headed. They help yu find yur true calling r desire but let yu make it a reality n yur wn. Life caches als give yu the clearness yu lng fr 7 (make) imprtant decisins.
S if yu are struggling fr 8 better versin f yurself, yu may cnsider sme help frm life caches. There is nthing t be ashamed f when it cmes t 9 (turn) t thers. Smetimes if a little guidance alng with sme pushes __10 (cme) in, yu will be led t the life yu have expected.
答 案
题型四 语篇型语法填空
Clze 1
本文主要介绍了中国的算盘。算盘对中国乃至世界的很多方面都产生了深远的影响。
1.what 考查名词性从句。根据句意和句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作宾语,表示"……事情",故填what。
2.t perfrm 考查非谓语动词。use sth. t d sth.表示"使用……做……",故填t perfrm作目的状语。
3.as 考查介词。句意:这个中国计算工具的名字叫"算盘",但在英语中它被称为"abacus"。根据句意可知,此处考查固定搭配be knwn as"被称为,被认为是",故填as。
4.dating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空前句子完整,空处应用date非谓语动词形式,且date与其逻辑主语The abacus构成主谓关系,应用现在分词形式,故填dating。
5.ther 考查形容词。句意:算盘对中国乃至世界一些地区的科技、语言、文学、艺术、建筑和许多其他领域产生了深远影响。根据句意可知,空前列举了很多领域,空处表示"其他的",ther表示"另外,其他"。故填ther。
6.has been passed 考查动词时态。根据上文的"Fr centuries"可知,此处应用现在完成时,且主语"this simple cunting device"与谓语动词pass之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,故填has been passed。
7.actually 考查副词。此空修饰形容词unchanged,需要副词,故填actually。
8.numbers 考查名词。an amunt f "许多,大量",后接可数名词时,应该用复数,number为可数名词,故填numbers。
9.better 考查形容词比较级。根据下文中的"than the Western calculatrs"可知, 此处应用形容词的比较级better。
10.sciety 考查名词。空前是名词所有格tday’s,其后应接名词作介词in的宾语,故填sciety。
Clze 2
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者和一位澳大利亚人从不认识到互相打招呼的经历。
1.Actually 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,且位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Actually。
2.mnths 考查名词单复数。mnth为可数名词,其前面没有限定词修饰,故应用复数形式。此处mnths ag表示"几个月前"。
3.making 考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词abut后,应用动词-ing形式作宾语。
4.t say 考查非谓语动词。此处表示"我停下来对他说‘你好!’",表示"停下来去做某事"应用固定短语stp t d sth.,故填不定式t say。stp ding sth.表示"停止做某事"。
5.biggest 考查形容词最高级。根据空后的"I had ever seen"可知,此处表示"我见过的最灿烂的笑容",应用形容词最高级形式。故填biggest。
6.wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词为He,故此处应用关系代词wh引导。
7.ran 考查动词时态。语篇叙述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;run是不规则变化动词,其过去式为ran。
8.at/t 考查介词。短语wave at/t sb.表示"向某人挥手"。
9.brken 考查形容词。根据后文提到的"他问我是否可以教他汉语"可知,他的汉语说得不好,故此处应用brken,表示"蹩脚的,不流利的"。
10.the 考查冠词。all the way为固定短语,表示"一直,一路上"。
Clze 3
本文介绍了获得2020年诺贝尔物理学奖的三位科学家。
1.beneficial 考查形容词。be beneficial t表示"有益于"。
2.wh 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,且先行词是人,故应用关系代词wh引导。
3.that 考查状语从句。句意:黑洞的引力如此之大以至于没有东西能够逃脱,甚至光也不能。为固定结构,表示"如此……以至于……",that在此引导结果状语从句。
4.cntinuusly 考查副词。空处修饰非谓语动词短语wrking n,应用副词形式cntinuusly。
5.suggested 考查非谓语动词,分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词作后置定语,且ideas与suggest之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式suggested。
6.largest 根据空前的"the wrld’s"可知,此处表示在世界范围内比较,应用形容词最高级。
7.have fcused/have been fcusing 考查动词时态。根据从句中的时间状语"since the early 1990s"可知,此处可用现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响;也可用现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去一直持续到现在,而且还有可能持续下去。
8.methds methd表示"方法",为可数名词,且其前没有限定词修饰,故应用复数形式。
9.t 考查介词。句意:他们研究出了新方法,能够透过巨大的星际气体和尘埃,观测到银河系的中心。根据句意可知,此处应用介词t,表示"直到"。
10.devting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处所在句已有谓语imprved,空处应填非谓语动词作状语,且devte与其逻辑主语They为主谓关系,故用现在分词形式devting。
Clze 4
本文讲述了圆明园的十二尊雕像的现状,这些雕像中有七尊被运回中国,其余的正在寻找中。
1.literally 考查副词。空处修饰从句谓语means,应用副词形式,故填literally,表示"字面上"。
2.when 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导定语从句,修饰先行词1860,从句缺少时间状语,表示"那时候",故用关系副词when。
3.was dnated 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语"in Nvember 2019"可知,此处应用一般过去时;主语It指代前文的"the hrse-head statue",与谓语动词dnate为动宾关系,应用被动语态;且主语It为单数形式,故应填was dnated。
4.making 考查非谓语动词。句意:2020年12月1日,马首铜像回到了它原来的家,成为第一个回到圆明园的兽首雕像。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。故填making。
5.that 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导同位语从句,对前文的抽象名词gd news进行解释说明,从句结构和句意完整,空处在此只起连接作用,故应用that。
6.shared 考查非谓语动词。空处位于名词emtin前,作定语,share与emtin之间是动宾关系,故应用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
7.an 考查冠词。set an example t sb.为固定搭配,表示"为某人树立榜样"。要注意example的发音是以元音音素开头,要用不定冠词an。
8.rigins 考查名词复数。根据前文的可数名词复数"relics"可知,此处应用复数形式,表示"各种文物回归到它们原来的地方"。故填rigins。
9.have cme 考查动词时态。根据句中的S far可知,此处应用现在完成时;句子主语seven f the 12 statues为复数形式,谓语也应用复数。故填have cme。
10.n 考查介词。根据句意可知,此处表示"五座雕像正处于寻找中的状态",表示正在进行的状态,应用介词n。
Clze 5
这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了饮茶虽有一定益处,但若饮用滚烫的热茶,对身体健康有潜在的危害。
1.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处指"并不都是好消息",句中主语中心词news是不可数名词,谓语应为第三人称单数形式,且根据语境可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填is。
2.drinking 考查非谓语动词。从句中may duble为谓语,故空处使用非谓语动词,又因空处在句中作主语,故用drinking。
3.between 考查介词。此处表达的是"热饮与此种癌症之间的联系",表示"……和……之间"。
4.accurately 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语figure ut,应使用副词形式。
5.caused 考查非谓语动词。此处意为"喝下热饮所导致的胃部持续损伤",cause与其逻辑主语damage之间构成动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。
6.results 考查名词。根据谓语are可知空处应使用名词复数形式。
7.the 考查冠词。此处特指上文中提到的study,故用定冠词。
8.that/which 考查关系代词。此处表示红茶和绿茶中有能降低癌症风险的抗氧化剂。空处引导限制性定语从句修饰antixidants,且空处在从句中作主语,因而可使用关系代词that/which。
9.is made 考查动词时态和语态。此处表示它被做得太热了。此处主语it指代上文的tea,make与其主语之间为动宾关系,且此处为对一般情况的介绍,应用一般现在时,故填is made。
10.it 考查代词。此处为"it is +adj.+t d sth."结构,it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
Clze 6
文章主要讲述了钱学森放弃国外优越条件,毅然回国发展中国火箭和导弹事业,他一生不求名利,献身于建设祖国。
1.wh/that 考查关系代词。Qian Xuesen为句子的主语,a gifted rcket scientist 为它的同位语,空格处引导限制性定语从句,修饰指人的先行词scientist,故空处应用wh/that,在从句中充当主语。
2.was admitted 考查动词时态和语态。本句为简单句,句中缺少谓语动词;由in 1929可知时态为一般过去时,又因主语He和admit之间是动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。
3.a 考查冠词。schlarship在此意为"奖学金",为可数名词,又因此处泛指"一笔奖学金",故用不定冠词a。
4.went 考查动词时态。空处是句子的谓语部分,由时间状语One year later判断此处应用一般过去时,故填went。
5.cncerned 考查形容词。此处考查短语remain cncerned abut,表示"对……担心/忧虑"。
6.finally 考查副词。此处应用副词形式修饰动词made,故填finally。
7.with 考查介词。此处考查短语tgether with"和……一起"。
8.t lead 考查非谓语动词。此处考查短语set ut t d sth."着手做某事",故填t lead。
9.rebuilding 考查非谓语动词。"把……奉献给……",t是介词,故此处应用动名词作t的宾语。
10.apprval 考查名词。分析句子可知,此处应填名词作主句的主语,再由that判断填名词单数形式apprval。
Clze 7
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北京烤鸭。
1.mst delicius 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的by far和the,再结合句意可知,此处用形容词最高级形式,故填mst delicius。
2.freigners 考查名词。an increasing number f表示"越来越多的",后面接可数名词复数,故填freigners。
3.it 考查代词。此处指代前面的Beijing rast duck,故填it。
4.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:做优质的烤鸭是一个费时而复杂的过程,从最开始选鸭到最后端给就餐者,要经过很多步骤。此处陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,动词-ing短语Preparing high-quality rast duck作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填is。
5.serving 考查非谓语动词。空前的t是介词,后跟动词时要用其-ing形式作宾语,故填serving。
6.appearance 考查名词。每一步都是精心制作的,以保证烤鸭上桌时外观诱人,色泽红润,香味浓郁,热气腾腾。作介词in的宾语用名词,故填appearance。
7.whm 考查定语从句。在用餐者面前,一位厨师会熟练地将多汁的肉切成薄片,每一块都带着熟皮。此处为定语从句,先行词为diners,指人,关系词在从句中作in frnt f的宾语,故填whm。
8.attached 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构,skin与attach之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,用过去分词作宾补,故填attached。
9.are cked 考查动词的时态和语态。通常情况下,剩下的鸭骨头会慢慢地煮,用来做美味的乳白色的汤。the remaining bnes 与ck之间是动宾关系,且此处叙述的是一般事实,应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are cked。
10.an 考查冠词。所有这些都和酒很配,从而使晚餐成为一个难忘的"全鸭宴"。banquet是可数名词,此处用不定冠词表泛指,且unfrgettable的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
Clze 8
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了计算机的发展史。
1.simplify 考查动词。根据语境及空前的culd可知,此处应使用动词simplify"使简化"的原形。故填simplify。
2.befre 考查连词。计算机的发展非常缓慢,花了近200年的时间才把它开发成分析型机器。根据句意可知,此处应使用连词befre"在……之前"。故填befre。
3.analytical 考查形容词。此处作machine的定语,应使用形容词analytical"分析的"。故填analytical。
4.t slve 考查非谓语动词。1936年,Alan Turing写了一本关于如何使计算机作为一个"通用机器"来解决数学难题的书。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处表示目的,应使用不定式。故填t slve。
5.ging 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构,time与g是逻辑上的主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表示主动、动作正在进行。故填ging。
6.its 考查代词。它变得越来越小,内存也得到了很大的发展。根据句意可知,此处指"它(计算机)的",应使用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
7.the 考查冠词。表示年代时要用定冠词。故填the。
8.applicatins 考查名词。根据空前的many可知,此处应使用名词applicatin"应用"的复数形式。故填applicatins。
9.has been designed 考查时态和语态。根据"Since its birth"可知,应使用现在完成时;the cmputer与design之间是动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故填has been designed。
10.with 考查介词。prvide sb. with sth.为固定搭配,表示"给某人提供某物"。故填with。
Clze 9
文章主要介绍了中国的卫星导航系统"北斗"及其优点。
1.have been sent 考查时态和语态。根据句意可知,北斗卫星是被发射的,主语与send是动宾关系,应用被动语态;再根据时间状语"Up t June 23rd, 2020"可知,此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。
2.than 考查介词。根据语境和空前的later可知,此处表示北斗卫星导航系统比这些系统出现得晚,故用than引出比较对象。
3.glbal 考查形容词。修饰名词systems应使用所给词的形容词形式,glbal表示"全球的"。
4.planned 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,动词plan"规划,计划"与the netwrk为逻辑上的动宾关系,且此处表示动作已完成,故用过去分词作状语。
5.accuracy 考查名词。空处被定冠词the修饰且作in terms f的宾语,应使用所给词的名词形式。accuracy"准确(性)"。
6.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词areas,且关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。
7.In 考查介词。in an effrt t d sth."为了做某事"是固定用法,故填In。注意:空处位于句首,首字母要大写。
8.is 考查时态和主谓一致。 此处是s开头的倒装句型"s+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语",表示前面所述情况也适合该主语。此处主语为every Chinese brand,为单数意义,且此处描述客观情况,应用一般现在时,故用is。
9.easily 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词,应该用副词。easily"极有可能"。
10.prmting 考查非谓语动词。空前的t是介词,空处与空后的名词词组构成动名词短语作t的宾语,故本空应填动词的-ing形式prmting。
Clze 10
本文介绍了法兰克福孔子学院为对中国语言和文化感兴趣的德国孩子开设的为期一周的"体验中国"线上课程。
1.where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句且在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
2.Designed 考查非谓语动词。design与其逻辑主语this year’s prgram是动宾关系,且此处表示动作已经完成,故用过去分词。
3.t adapt 考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,表示课程已被简化以适应孩子在网上的注意力持续时间和习惯。
4.fewer 考查形容词比较级。根据句中表示转折的连词but和后面的mre可知,课程中涉及舞蹈和武术的活动较少,但是与中国年轻人的实时视频聊天更多了。故填比较级fewer。
5.the 考查冠词。take the place f是固定搭配,意为"代替,取代",故填the。
6.access 考查名词。空处作get的宾语,应用名词;access"(使用或见到的)机会,权利",是不可数名词,故填access。
7.has been 考查动词时态。句末的s far是现在完成时的标志词,句子的主语The feedback是单数,故填has been。
8.tld 考查时态。根据语境可知,此处"告诉"的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时。
9.simply 考查副词。空处修饰形容词grateful,故用副词simply。simply在此处表示"确实,简直"。
10.under 考查介词。under discussin"在讨论中"是固定搭配,故填under。
Clze 11
很多人发现自己被传统思想和行为困住或不知道当下要做什么。生活教练可以改变这一状况,他们鼓励人们做出改变、明确目标、不断进步。
【背景知识】 "生活教练"是一种在美国兴起的新兴职业,正走入中国。所谓生活教练就是以类似教练的角色出现在人们的生活中,帮助人们提高生活品质,引导人们设定生活目标,拟定具体实施计划,并采取行动,帮助人们跨越到理想的生活状态。
【词语积累】 hit常见义:v.打,击 本文义:v.到达(某地)
calling n.使命感,责任感;职业,行业
1.cnventinal 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词thughts and behavirs。cnventinal"墨守成规的,普通平凡的"。
2.are required 考查动词时态和语态。结合语境可知,此处陈述客观情况,应用一般现在时;主语life caches与require之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填are required。
3.respnsibility 考查名词。take respnsibility fr"承担……的责任",是固定搭配。
4.t 考查介词。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,此处为range 结构,表示"从鼓励人们做出自己一直想要的个人生活改变,到帮助他们确定目标,踏上一条自我提升之路"。故填介词t。
5.extremely 考查副词。空处修饰形容词unsure,应用副词,故填extremely。
6.where 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
7.t make 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作后置定语,修饰the clearness。
8.a 考查冠词。此处表示"一个更好的自己",故应用不定冠词a表泛指。
9.turning 考查非谓语动词。when it cmes t为固定句式,意为"一谈到,当提到",t是介词,其后常跟名词或动名词,故填turning。
10.cmes 考查动词时态。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表将来;句子主语guidance为不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填cmes。
【名师点津】 名词作主语,后面紧跟as well as, rather than, but, except, besides, with,accmpanied by, alng with, tgether with, like, including, cmbined with等时,谓语动词的数与前面的名词保持一致。主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
中国算盘
1
2
3
2
1
1
0
0
184
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
与外国友人打招呼
1
2
3
1
1
1
0
1
213
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
2020年诺贝尔
物理学奖获得者
1
2
3
1
1
2
0
0
195
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
圆明园的十二尊雕像
2
2
1
1
1
2
0
1
205
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
饮茶
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
177
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
钱学森
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
205
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
北京烤鸭
2
2
1
2
0
1
1
1
184
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
计算机的发展史
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
165
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
北斗卫星导航系统
2
2
2
1
2
1
0
0
169
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
孔子学院线上课程
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
175
8分钟
主题
考点分布
词数
建议时间
动
非谓语
形/副
名
介
连
代
冠
生活教练
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
1
195
8分钟
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