专题09 动词时态语态50题 (思维导图+高考真题+模拟题)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题训练

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【动词时态语态高考考查动向】
动向一、依据时间状语或句型判断时态
动向二、主谓一致
动向三、被动语态基本用法
动向三、主动形式表示被动意义用法
【小题狂练一】在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
1. (2021•全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry. It __________ (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修复).
2. (2021•天津卷) Currently, abut 35,000 wrks ____________(display) in ver 300 rms in the Luvre, and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything.
3. (2021•新高考全国卷) What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it __________ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
4. (2020•天津卷) The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) arund that level since.
5. (2020•全国III卷) The artist was sure he wuld __________ (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed.
6. (2020•浙江卷) By abut 6000 BC, peple ____________ (discver)the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
7. (2019•全国II卷) I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___________ (make) ver the years.
8. (2019•天津卷) The wrkers were nt better rganized, therwise they ____________(accmplish) the task in half the time.
9. Dn’t wrry. The hard wrk that yu d nw ____________ (repay) later in life.
10. Clse the dr f fear behind yu, and yu ____________ (see) the dr f faith pen befre yu.
11. By the time Jack returned hme frm England, his sn ____________(graduate) frm cllege.
12. She was surprised t find the fridge empty; the child ____________ (eat) everything!
13. His first nvel ____________ (receive) gd reviews since it came ut last mnth.
14. Hurry up, kids! The schl bus ____________ (wait) fr us!
15. The water supply has been cut ff because the wrkers ____________ (repair) ne f the main pipes.
16. The plice _________(discuss) the case in the meeting-rm. Nbdy is allwed t enter.
17. This is the first time we ____________ (see) a film in the cinema tgether as a family.
18. Until nw research and treatment fr verweight __________ (fcus) n drugs t decrease appetite and surgery.
19. Shpping habits in the United States __________ (change) greatly since the 20th century.
20. Mther wanted t be a gd prvider, a rle she _____________(shulder) since her marriage t Father.
21. Fd supplies in the fld-stricken area _____________(run) ut. We must act immediately befre there’s nne left.
22. Mre effrts, as reprted, _________ (make) in the years ahead t accelerate the supply-side structural refrm.
23. In sme parts f the wrld, tea ____________ (serve) with milk and sugar.
24. In the last few years, China _________ (make) great achievements in envirnmental prtectin.
25. It was the secnd time he ____________ (make) the same mistake.
26. It is reprted that many a new huse __________(build) at present in the disaster area. (陕西2010)
27. Did yu predict that many students __________(sign) up fr the dance cmpetitin? (上海2011)
28. I feel s excited! At this time tmrrw mrning I ____________ (fly) t Shanghai.
29. If he ____________ (fllw) my advice, he wuldn't have lst his jb.
30. On her next birthday, Ann _________(be) married fr twenty years.
【答案与解析】
1. was built。句中有明确的表示过去的时间状语in the Tang dynasty；又是被动含义。
2. are being displayed。句中有明确的表示现在的时间状语Currently；同时又是被动的、正在进行的动作。
3. was。句中有明确的表示过去的时间状语then。
4. has remained。句中有明确的标志性词汇since，该词常与现在完成时连用；remain是不及物动词，无被动语态。
5. be chsen。情态动词后接动词原形；结合语境这里应该是被动含义。
6. had discvered。By abut 6000 BC表示“到公元前6000为止”，应该与过去完成时连用。
7. have made。ver the years表示“在过去这些年里”，常与现在完成时连用。
8. wuld have accmplished。therwise表示“否则，要不的话”，这是含蓄条件句。
9. will be repaid。later in life暗示用一般将来时；且是被动含义。
10. will see。这是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型，陈述句常用will d形式。
11. had graduated。By the time…表示“到……时候为止”，常与完成时连用。
12. had eaten。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。
13. has received。since it came ut last mnth句型应与现在完成时连用。
14. is waiting。Hurry up, kids!暗示该动作正在进行，故用现在进行时。
15. are repairing。结合语境应该用现在进行时表示“维修”动作正在进行。
16. are discussing。结合语境应该用现在进行时表示“讨论”这一动作正在进行。
17. have seen。This is the first time that….从句应用现在完成时。
18. have fcused。Until nw表示“直到现在”，应该与现在完成时连用。
19. had develped。since the 20th century应该与现在完成时连用。
20. has been shuldering。since her marriage t Father短语应该与现在完成时连用；同时该动作一直持续进行。
21. are running。此句用现在进行时表示“就要发生的动作”。灾区食物快要消耗完了。
22. will be made。in the years ahead表示“在未来几年”，暗示用一般将来时；同时又是被动含义。
23. is served。结合语境应用一般现在时；同时又是被动含义。
24. has made。In the last few years常与现在完成时连用。
25. had made。It/This was the first time that….从句应用过去完成时。
26. is being built。at present暗示用现在进行时；同时“many a +单数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。
27. wuld sign。Predict暗示用将来时；同时主句是一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态。
28. will be flying。At this time tmrrw mrning暗示用将来进行时。
29. had fllwed。这是if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。
30. will have been。On her next birthday暗示到将来某时为止，暗示用将来完成时。
【小题狂练二】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
1. He was very unhappy when he sld his guitar. After all, he has had it fr a very lng time.
2. Hell, this is Dr. Grey’s ffice. We were calling yu t remind yu f yur appintment with him.
3. We wuld put Jhn’s name n the race list yesterday but fr his recent injury.
4. Excuse me, I dn’t I was blcking yur way.
5. I’m calling abut the apartment yu advertise the ther day. Culd yu tell me mre abut it?
6. Tm, tgether with his parents, g t the park every Sunday.
7. Alice is the nly ne f the students wh were late fr the lecture.
8. Every means have been tried, but we still can’t bring the fire under cntrl.
9. —Have yu brken the news t Jim? —Oh, n. I frgt. I call him nw.
10. This castal area named a natinal wildlife reserve last year.
11. I meant t help yu but I was t busy.
12. Just as I gt t the schl gate, I realized I left my bk in the cafe.
13. He hurried hme, never nce lking back t see if he was fllwed.
14. Lk ut! Dn’t get clse t the building. Its rf is repaired.
15. Despite the previus runds f talks, n agreement has reached s far by the tw sides.
16. I had a strng desire t reach in and play with the ty, but held back thankfully by the shp windw.
17. I am writing t keep yu infrming f smething abut the severe situatin that they are faced with presently.
18. The incident had happened n my way t a bkstre n a rainy Sunday afternn.
19. The fd was tasted gd and we had fun tgether.
20. He attacked by a dg when he was walking alng the street.
21. Over the past decade, many studies prvided evidence that the ecnmy here is grwing at a lw rate.
22. My teacher said water biled at 100℃.
23. Last week I tk part in the Civil Service Admissin Examinatin, fr which I prepared fr nearly three mnths.
24. The flwers were s lvely that they sld in n time.
25. Thanks t the new technlgy, csts have reduced by 20% ver the past year.
26. Arund tw ’clck every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It smewhat bther us.
27. On Mnday mrnings it usually tk me an hur t drive t wrk althugh the actual distance is nly 20 miles.
28. During the last three decades, the number f peple participating in physical fitness prgrams have increased sharply.
29. Nw everything is dear. Even a small piece f bread cst ne yuan.
30. I have called the statin and they tld me the next train fr Dalian left at 3:10.
【答案与解析】
1. has改为had。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。
2. were改为are。Hell, this is Dr. Grey’s ffice.暗示用现在进行时。
3. wuld后加have。but fr his recent injury表示“要不是他受伤”，引导含蓄条件句，因此前边应用wuld have dne。
4. dn’t改为didn’t。根据语境主句应用一般过去时表示说话之前没有意识到，应用一般过去时。
5. advertise改为advertised。the ther day暗示用一般过去时。
6. g改为ges。tgether with his parents是介词短语，真正主语是Tm，单数意义。
7. were改为was。定语从句先行词出现the nly ne…，从句谓语用单数。
8. have改为has。Every means 表示“每种方法”，谓语动词应用单数。
9. call前加will。will call可以表示“临时性决定或安排”。
10. named前加was。结合语境应用被动语态。
11. meant前加had。had meant/hped/intended t d表示“过去原本打算做某事”，实际上未发生。
12. left前加had。从句应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。
13. was后加being。结合语境从句应用过去进行时的被动语态。
14. is后加being。Lk ut!暗示“维修”这一动作正在进行。
15. has后加been。结合语境应用被动语态。
16. held前加was。结合语境应用被动语态。
17. infrming改为infrmed。keep sb infrmed f…表示“使某人被告知……”。
18. 去掉had。n a rainy Sunday afternn暗示用一般过去时。
19. 去掉was。taste gd是系表结构，该结构不能用于被动语态。
20. attacked前加was。结合语境应用被动语态。
21. prvided前加have。Over the past decade短语常与现在完成时连用。
22. biled改为 bils。宾语从句表示客观事实或真理，一直用一般现在时。
23. prepared前加had。结合语境应用过去完成时。
24. sld前加were。结合语境应用被动语态。
25. have后加been。结合语境应用被动语态。
26. bther改为bthers。结合语境应用一般现在时，单三人称。
27. tk改为 takes。usually暗示用一般现在时。
28. have改为has。the number f…短语作主语，谓语用单数形式。
29. cst改为 csts。结合语境应用一般现在时，单三人称。
30. left改为leaves。飞机、火车、轮船的时刻表常用一般现在时表示周期性特点。
【小题狂练三】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。
The first z 1 (establish) arund 3,500 years ag by an Egyptian queen fr her persnal enjyment. Five hundred years later，a Chinese emperr 2 (build) a huge z t shw his pwer and wealth. Later zs were set up fr the purpse f studying animals.
Sme f the early Eurpean zs 3 (cnsist) f dark hles r dirty cages，the bad cnditins f which made peple disgusted. Later the zs 4 (replace) by research centers and animals there were studied and 5 (keep) in gd cnditin. These places became the first mdern zs. As early as the 1940s, scientists 6 (understand) that many kinds f wild animals faced extinctin. Since then，zs 7 (try) t save many endangered species，but relying n zs 8 (save) species is nt enugh. The best methd f prtectin is t leave them in their natural habitat.
Tday animals in large and natural reserves are fed a balanced diet and 9 (watch) carefully fr any sign f disease. With specially trained keepers lking after them and sme hspitals where they can receive treatment when ill，all the animals there live a cmfrtable life. Anyway，it is true that z breeding prgrams have played an imprtant rle in 10 (prtect) many species f wildlife.
1. was established。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：大约3500年前，埃及女王为她的个人享受而建立了第一个动物园。时间状语arund 3,500 years ag表明谓语发生在过去，用过去时态，主语the first z和谓语动词establish是被动关系，故填was established.
2. built。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：五百年后，一个中国皇帝建造了一个巨大的动物园来展示他的力量和财富。句中时间状语Five hundred years later是过去时态的时间状语，谓语需要用过去式，故填built.
3. cnsisted。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意： 一些早期的欧洲动物园由暗洞或肮脏的笼子组成，恶劣的条件使人们厌恶。本句话的语境是过去，谓语动词用过去式。故填cnsisted.
4. were replaced。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：后来，动物园被研究中心取代，那里的动物被研究并保持良好。主语the z和谓语动词replace是被动关系，并且是过去时态，故填were replaced.
5. kept。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：同上。animals there were studied and 5________是并列关系，故填kept.
6. understd。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：早在20世纪40年代，科学家们就认识到理解许多种类的野生动物面临灭绝。As early as the 1940s是过去时态的时间状语，谓语需要用过去式, 故填understd.
7. have been trying。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意： 从那以后，动物园一直在努力拯救许多濒危物种。 时间状语Since then“自从那以后”，谓语常用现在完成时，再根据具体语境，表示谓语动词一直在持续进行，谓语需要用现在完成进行时。故填have been trying.
8. t save。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：从那以后，动物园一直在努力拯救许多濒危物种，但依靠动物园拯救物种是不够的。考查短语 rely n sb t d sth依靠某人做某事，故填t save.
9. are watched。此题考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意：今天，大型和自然保护区的动物被喂食平衡的饮食，并被仔细观察任何疾病的迹象。主语animals和谓语动词watch是被动关系，时间状语tday是现在时的时间状语，故填are watched.
10. prtecting。此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：无论如何，动物园的繁殖计划确实在保护许多野生动物物种方面发挥了重要作用。空格前是介词in,后面填写动名词形式，故填prtecting.
【小题狂练四】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mther Teresa was brn in Yugslavia, n August 27, 1910.She 1 (attend) the gvernment schl near her hme until she was eighteen. At that time, sme dctrs and nurses frm Yugslavia 2 (wrk) in India, and they ften wrte t the schl abut their wrk. She decided t jin them ne day.
When she left schl, she first went t Britain; then a year later she went t India, where she began t 3 (train) t be a teacher. After training, she 4 (send) t Calcutta, where she taught gegraphy at a schl and sn 5 (becme) headmistress (女校长).
Hwever, while she lved teaching, in 1946 Mther Teresa left the schl and went t wrk in the pr parts f Calcutta. Later she was trained t becme a nurse in Patna, and then 6 (begin) her wrk helping the pr and cmfrting the dying in the streets f the city. Slwly, thers came t help her, and her wrk 7 (spread) t ther parts f India.
Mther Teresa was a well-knwn persn frever. Many phts 8 (take) f her, as she travelled arund the wrld t pen new schls and hspitals in pr cuntries. In 1979, she 9 (give) the Nbel Prize fr the lifetime f lve and service she 10 (give) t the pr.
Keys: 1.attended 2.were wrking 3.be trained 4.was sent 5.became 6.began 7.spread 8.were taken 9.was given 10.had given