专题11 虚拟语气用法50题 (思维导图+高考真题+模拟题)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题训练

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【虚拟语气高考考查动向】
动向一、if虚拟条件句用法
动向二、含蓄条件句用法
动向三、特定句型中虚拟语气用法
【小题狂练一】在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
1. (2020江苏) If I hadn’t been faced with s many barriers, I ________________ (nt be) where I am.
2. (2019天津) The wrkers were nt better rganized, therwise they ________________(accmplish) the task in half the time.
3. (2019江苏) What a pity! Yu missed the sightseeing, r we ________________ (have) a gd time tgether.
4. (2018天津)If we ________________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we wuld be enjying ur hliday n the beach.
5. (2018江苏) It’s strange that he _________________ have taken the bks withut the wner’s permissin.
6. (2017江苏) ________________it nt fr the supprt f the teachers, the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.
7. (2018北京) They might have fund a better htel if they ________________ (drive) a few mre kilmeters.
8. (2017北京) If the new safety system ______________(put) t use, the accident wuld never have happened.
9. (2017天津) —D yu have Betty’s phne number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ________________ (be) able t reach her yesterday.
10. There is a gd scial life in the village, and I wish I ________________ (have) a secnd chance t becme mre invlved.
11. Dn’t handle the vase as if it __________(be) made f steel.
12. We lst ur way in that small village, therwise we _______________(visit) mre places f interest yesterday.
13. Srry, I am t busy nw, if I ________________ (have) time, I wuld certainly g fr an uting with yu.
14. We ________________have bught s much fd nw that Suzie wn’t be with us fr dinner.
15. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ________________ (did) smething instead f just talking.
16. If we ________________ (make) adequate preparatins, the cnference wuldn’t have been s successful.
17. If my car ________________ (be) mre reliable, I wuld have driven t Lhasa instead f flying last summer.
18. We wuld have called a taxi yesterday if Harld ________________ (ffer) us a ride hme.
19. Had they knwn what was cming next, they might ________________ (have) secnd thughts.
20. I ________________ (g) t my cusin’s birthday party last night, but I was nt available.
21. If we ________________ (bk) a table earlier, we culdn’t be standing here in a queue.
22. I shuld nt have laughed if I ________________ (think) yu were serius.
23. Harry is feeling uncmfrtable. He ________________ (drink) t much at the party last night.
24. Since nbdy gave him any help, he ________________have dne the research n his wn.
25. My mm suggests that we ________________ (eat) ut fr a change this weekend.
26. The children must ______________(lse) in the wds; therwise they wuld have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
27. If he had spent mre time practising speaking English befre, he ________________ (be) able t speak it much better nw.
28. Eye dctrs recmmend that a child’s first eye exam ________________ (be) at the age f six mnths ld.
29. If yu had tld me in advance, I wuld ________________ (pick) yu up at the airprt.
30. Lk at the situatin I’m in. If nly I ________________ (take) yur advice earlier!
31. We shwed up early and had t wait tw hurs befre the ceremny began. We needn’t ________________ (hurry).
32. Hw I wish I ________________ (have) smene t turn t fr advice when I was puzzled.
33. If the chpsticks are partly placed in the water, it lks as if they ________________ (break).
34. My sister’s pale face suggested that she ________________ (be) seriusly ill, and my parents suggested that she ________________ (g) t see the dctr immediately.
35. My prfessr recmmended that I ______________ (take) classical technique first t establish slid technical skills.
36. He wuld have written the manager a letter t express his thanks this mrning, but he ________________ (be) busy.
37. Susan is ging t deliver a speech abut the culture f his cuntry, but I’d rather she________________ (fcus) mre n its educatin.
38. But fr yur generus help, we ________________ (fulfill) the task ahead f time.
39. The spkesman did nt regret what he had said at the cnference but felt that he culd________________ (express) it indirectly.
40. This digital camera is f fine quality. If it ________________break dwn within the first year, we wuld repair it at ur expense.
【答案与解析】
1. wuldn’t be。本句考查混合虚拟语气，主句与现在事实相反，故应用wuld d。
2. wuld have accmplished。本句是含蓄条件句，therwise表示“否则，要不的话”，面相当于主句，与过去事实相反，应用wuld have dne。
3. wuld have had。本句是含蓄条件句，r表示“否则，要不的话”，面相当于主句，与过去事实相反，应用wuld have dne。
4. had caught。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
5. shuld。It is strange that…从句常用“shuld+动词原形”结构。
6. Were。本句考查if 虚拟条件句倒装用法，从句与将来事实相反，从句谓语 用were。
7. had driven。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
8. had been put。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne，又是被动含义。
9. wuldn’t have been。本句是含蓄条件句，therwise表示“否则，要不的话”，面相当于主句，与过去事实相反，应用wuld have dne。
10. had。I wish that….从句表示与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。
11. were。as if表示“好像”，从句与现在事实相反应用一般过去时，be动词一律都用were。
12. wuld have visited。本句是含蓄条件句，therwise表示“否则，要不的话”，面相当于主句，与过去事实相反，应用wuld have dne。
13. had。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与现在事实相反，故应用一般过去时。
14. needn’t。needn’t have dne表示“本不必要做没事但已经做了”。
15. did/shuld d。It’s high time that…表示“早该做某事”，从句谓语常用shuld+动词原形或用一般过去时。
16. hadn’t made。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
17. had been。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
18. hadn’t ffered。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
19. have had。本句考查if虚拟条件句，主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wuld/culd /might have dne形式。
20. wuld have gne。前一句表示“原本打算做某事”应用wuld have dne。
21. had bked。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
22. had thught。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。
23. must have drunk。must have dne表示对过去的肯定推测，意为“肯定做了某事”。
24. must。must have dne表示对过去的肯定推测，意为“肯定做了某事”。
25. (shuld) eat。suggest后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略。
26. have been lst。must have dne表示对过去的肯定推测，意为“肯定做了某事”。be lst in…迷失，丢失。
27. wuldn’t be。本句考查混合虚拟语气，主句与现在事实相反，故应用wuld d。
28. (shuld) be。recmmend, suggest, advise等动词后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略。
29. have picked。本句考查if虚拟条件句，主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wuld have dne形式。
30. had taken。If nly…引导感叹句，表示“要是……该多好！”，表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。
31. have hurried。needn’t have dne表示“本不必要做没事但已经做了”。
32. had had。I wish that….从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。
33. were brken。as if表示“好像”，从句与现在事实相反应用一般过去时，be动词一律都用were。
34. was; (shuld) g。suggest后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略；suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，谓语用陈述语气。
35. (shuld) take。recmmend等动词后接宾语从句表示“推荐，建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略。
36. was。前一句表示虚拟语气与过去事实相反，but后面是过去客观事实故用一般过去时。
37. fcused。I wuld rather that…从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时；与现在和将来事实相反都用一般过去时。
38. wuldn’t have fulfilled。but fr=withut，表示“要不是，如果没有”，后面应用虚拟语气。
39. have expressed。culd have dne表示“本可以做某事”。
40. shuld。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句谓语有三种形式：did/were；shuld d; were t d。
【小题狂练二】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
41. Sme classmates suggest we can g t places f interest nearby.
42. The manager prpsed that Tm was given an pprtunity t explain why he'd refused t g there.
43. If nly I listened t my parents, I might have passed the driving test!
44. The cnference wuldn’t have be s successful if we hadn't made adequate preparatin.
45. If nly there was sme magic buttn I culd push t take away the sadness in her eyes.
46.—Larry, such mistakes culd have avided if yu had been mre careful.
—Srry, sir. I'll d better next time.
47. I can't stand him. He always talks as thugh he knws everything.
48. I made the suggestin that she stuck t the plan she had made.
49. It was rdered that n smking was nt allwed in the library, which made the smkers unhappy.
50. Hw I wish I bught that skirt when it was available! Ugh! I regret it every time.
51. Have I knwn his phne number yesterday, I wuld have called her up.
52. But the traffic jam n the highway, we shuld have arrived at the stadium earlier.
53. The weather turned ut t be fine yesterday. I mustn’t have taken the truble t carry my umbrella with me.
54. Wuld it rain this afternn, the ftball match wuld be put ff till next Friday.
55. I tld yur friend hw t get t the htel, but perhaps I must have driven her there.
56. It was demanded that the wrking cnditins in that area was imprved as sn as pssible.
57. Sme animals are in danger f dying ut, s it is high time that the gvernment take sme measures t prtect endangered animals.
58. What wuld have happened Bb walked farther, as far as the river bank?
59. It is essential that these applicatin frms are sent back as early as pssible.
60. T be frank, if it were nt fr the fact that yu were a reliable persn, I wuld nt take such pains t help yu.
【答案与解析】
41. 去掉can或者can改为shuld。suggest后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略。
42. was改为be。prpse后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略
43. listened前加had。If nly…引导感叹句，表示“要是……该多好！”，表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。
44. be改为been。本句考查if虚拟条件句，主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wuld have dne形式。
45. was改为were。If nly…引导感叹句，表示“要是……该多好！”，表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。
46. avided前加been。本句考查if虚拟条件句，主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wuld have dne形式，同时又是被动形式。
47. knws改为knew。as if表示“好像”，从句与现在事实相反应用一般过去时。
48. stuck改为stick。。suggestin, prpsal, advice等名词后接从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略
49.第二个was改为be。一坚持(insist)二命令(rder, cmmand)三建议(advise, suggest, recmmend)四要求(require, request, demand, desire)类动词后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略。
50. bught前加had。I wish that….从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。
51. Have改为Had。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne；省略if时，倒装语序。
52. But后加fr或But改为Withut。but fr=withut，表示“要不是，如果没有”，后面应用虚拟语气。
53. mustn’t改为needn’t。needn’t have dne表示“本不必要做没事但已经做了”。
54. wuld改为shuld。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句谓语有三种形式：did/were；shuld d; were t d。省略if从句采用部分倒装语序。
55. must改为shuld。shuld have dne=ught t have dne表示“本应该做某事但没有做”。
56. was改为be。一坚持(insist)二命令(rder, cmmand)三建议(advise, suggest, recmmend)四要求(require, request, demand, desire)类动词后接宾语从句表示“建议”时，谓语常用shuld d，shuld可以省略。
57. take改为tk或者take前加shuld。It’s high time that…表示“早该做某事”，从句谓语常用shuld+动词原形或用一般过去时。
58. Bb前加had。本句考查if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故应用had dne。省略if从句采用部分倒装语序。
59.are改为be。It is strange/imprtant/necessary/essential… that…从句常用“shuld+动词原形”结构。
60. were改为are。that引导同位语从句表示客观事实，不能用虚拟语气。
【小题狂练三】时政科技类语法填空（神舟十二号载人飞船顺利返回地球）
在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The three Chinese astrnauts living in space fr 90 days have returned t Earth, 1 (mark) an end t China's lngest-ever crewed missin.
The astrnauts -- Nie Haisheng, Liu Bming and Tang Hngb -- 2 (send) in June t the cre mdule(舱) f China's planned space statin, called Tiangng r Heavenly Palace, which is still 3 cnstructin in a lw-Earth rbit.
The crew barded the Shenzhu-12 spacecraft n Thursday 4 tuched dwn at the Gbi desert in Inner Mnglia n Friday afternn, state news agency Xinhua reprted.
During their three mnths at the space statin, the astrnauts cnducted tw spacewalks t test their 5 (equip), new-generatin spacesuits and life maintenance systems. Their missin is a majr step in China's plan 6 (cmplete) the space statin by December 2022, 7 it's expected t be fully crewed and peratinal.
Befre then, China plans t send three mre manned spacecraft and tw labratry mdules t the space statin.
It's an 8 (ambitin) target fr China's rapidly expanding space prgram, which has received 9 (billin) f dllars in gvernment investment and achieved a series f ther milestnes in recent years -- including landing a lunar prbe in a 10 (previus) unexplred area f the mn last December, and landing a rver n Mars in May.
【答案与解析】
1.marking 2.were sent 3.under 4.and 5.equipment 6.t cmplete 7.when 8.ambitius 9.billins 10.previusly
1.marking。考查非谓语。因“成功返回”这件事是主动“标志”，用现在分词表主动。句意：三名在太空生活了90天的中国航天员已经返回地球，标志着中国有史以来最长的载人航天任务的结束。
2.were sent。考查被动语态。因三名航天员是“被送到”空间站，用被动语态。
3.under。 考查介词。under cnstructin 正在建设中。
4.and。考查连词。并列关系，用and连接。句意：据新华社报道，机组人员周四登上神舟12号飞船，周五下午在内蒙古戈壁沙漠着陆。
5.equipment。考查词类转换。动词equip（配备；装备） 转换为名词equipment（设备） ，作test的宾语。
6.t cmplete。考查非谓语。China's plan t cmplete the space statin 中国建成空间站的计划。t cmplete...为动词不定式作后置定语。
7.when。考查定语从句。先行词为December 2022, 指时间，所以用when引导定语从句，并在从句中作时间状语。
8.ambitius。考查词类转换。an ambitius target 一个宏伟的目标。形容词ambitius 作定语，修饰名词target。
9.billins。考查数词复数。billins f dllars 数十亿美元。
10.previusly。考查词类转换。a previusly unexplred area 以前未勘探的地区。修饰分词unexplred,用副词作状语。
【小题狂练四】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If yu’re lking 1 (maximize) the amunt f fat burned in yur next wrkut, 2 (think) abut having a cffee half an hur befre yu get started---as a new study suggests 3 can make 4 significant difference t fat burning, especially later n in the day.
Researchers fund that 3 milligrams f caffeine per kilgram f bdy weight can bst the rate f fat burning during aerbic(有氧的) exercise, 5 (base) n results gathered frm 15 male vlunteers.
The cffee dse(一剂) was shwn t increase maximal fat xidatin rate (a measure f hw 6 (efficient) the bdy burns ff fat) 7 an average f 10.7% in the mrning and 29% in the afternn.
“Overall, these results suggest that a 8 (cmbine) f acute caffeine intake 9 exercise at mderate intensity in the afternn 10 (prvide) the best scenari(方案) fr individuals seeking t increase whle-bdy fat xidatin during aerbic exercise,” the researchers cnclude.
【答案与解析】
1.t maximize 2.think 3.it 4.a 5.based 6.efficiently 7.by 8.cmbinatin 9.and 10.prvides
本文是说明文，介绍了锻炼前半小时喝杯咖啡可以极大提升锻炼中燃烧脂肪率这一现象。
1. 考查非谓语动词与固定短语。句意：如果你想在下一次锻炼中最大限度地燃烧脂肪，可以考虑在开始锻炼前半小时喝杯咖啡。be lking t d...为固定短语，表示“正打算/期待做……”。故填t maximize。
2. 考查祈使句与动词原形。句意：如果你想在下一次锻炼中最大限度地燃烧脂肪，可以考虑在开始锻炼前半小时喝杯咖啡。分析句子可知，空格前是if引导的条件状语从句，空格后是主句，用祈使句式，祈使句无主语，用动词原形开头。故填think。
3.考查代词。句意：如果你想在下次锻炼中最大限度地燃烧脂肪，可以考虑在开始锻炼前半小时喝杯咖啡---一项新的研究表明，咖啡对燃烧脂肪有显著的作用，尤其是在一天的晚些时候。分析句子可知，空格处是suggests后宾语从句中的主语。结合上文句意可知，这里指的是having a cffee有助于燃烧脂肪，所以用人称代词it代指having a cffee这种行为在从句中做主语。故填it。
4.考查冠词与固定短语。句意：如果你想在下次锻炼中最大限度地燃烧脂肪，可以考虑在开始锻炼前半小时喝杯咖啡---一项新的研究表明，咖啡对燃烧脂肪有显著的作用，尤其是在一天的晚些时候。make a difference为固定短语，表示“有作用/关系/影响”。故填a。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：以15名男性志愿者身上收集的数据为基础，研究人员发现在有氧运动中，每千克体重摄入3毫克咖啡因可以加快脂肪燃烧速度。分析句子可知， (把…建立在…基础上)在句中作非谓语动词，主句中的研究发现是被建立在“results gathered frm 15 male vlunteers.”之上的，所以应用过去分词，表示“被动”。故填based。
6.考查副词。句意：研究显示，咖啡能使最大脂肪氧化率(衡量身体燃烧脂肪效率的指标)在上午平均提高10.7%，下午提高29%。efficient修饰动词短语burns ff，应用副词形式。故填efficiently。
7.考查介词与固定搭配。句意：研究显示，咖啡能使最大脂肪氧化率(衡量身体燃烧脂肪效率的指标)在上午平均提高10.7%，下午提高29%。为固定短语，表示“使…增长/增加…”。故填by。
8.考查名词。句意：总的来说，这些结果表明，对于那些想在有氧运动中增加全身脂肪氧化的人来说，在下午进行剧烈的咖啡因摄入和中等强度的运动相结合是了最好的方案。根据空格前冠词a和空格后作定语的介词短语可知应填入名词。故填cmbinatin。
9.考查连词。句意：总的来说，这些结果表明，对于那些想在有氧运动中增加全身脂肪氧化的人来说，在下午进行剧烈的咖啡因摄入和中等强度的运动相结合是了最好的方案。结合句意，分析句子可知，acute caffeine intake和exercise at mderate intensity是并列关系，与介词f构成介词短语作后置定语，修饰名词a cmbinatin，构成搭配“a cmbinatin ”。故填and。
10.考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：总的来说，这些结果表明，对于那些想在有氧运动中增加全身脂肪氧化的人来说，在下午进行剧烈的咖啡因摄入和中等强度的运动相结合是了最好的方案。分析句子可知，prvide (提供)是句中谓语动词，与主语a cmbinatin f acute caffeine intake and exercise at mderate intensity之间是主动关系，根据语境可知应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是抽象行为，视为第三人称单数概念，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时态，单数形式。故填prvides。