三轮冲刺卷 01-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（天津专用）

这是一份三轮冲刺卷 01-【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（天津专用），文件包含三轮冲刺卷01-解析版赢在高考·黄金20卷备战2022年高考英语模拟卷天津专用docx、三轮冲刺卷01-原卷版赢在高考·黄金20卷备战2022年高考英语模拟卷天津专用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
 【赢在高考·黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（天津专用）
二轮拔高卷01
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时 100分钟。第I卷2至11页，第II卷12至13页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并在 规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的 无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项:
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2.本卷共55小题，共95分。
第I卷
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—You’ve come out in the end. What’s up?
—______.
A．Sorry to have kept you waiting
B．We were kept closed in the classroom
C．Let’s just forget it
D．You can’t understand it
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际能力。句意：——你最后出来了。怎么了?——我们被关在教室里。A.Sorry to have kept you waiting对不起，让您久等了；B.We were kept closed in the classroom我们被关在教室里；C.Let’s just forget it忘了它吧；D.You can’t understand it你无法理解。根据What’s up?可知此处要回答发生了什么事。故选B项。
2．The organization assists people based on need and gives the top _______ to those in the most serious and immediate danger.
A．devotion B．division C．potential D．priority
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B. division分开；C. potential潜能；D. priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger”指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority to。故选D。
3．It seemed so sad that the two, who had been lovers, pretended not to recognize ________ when they met in the street.
A．neither B．the other C．each other D．another
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：这两个曾经是恋人的人在街上相遇时，竟假装不认识，这真叫人伤心。A. neither两者都不；B. the other两者之间另外一个；C. each other互相，彼此；D. another三者以上另外一个。根据“It seemed so sad”可知，此处表示两个曾经是恋人的人在街上相遇时假装彼此不认识。故选C。
4．_____ is certain is _____ prevention is more important than treatment.
A．It, that B．What, that C．As, what D．What, what
【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：可以肯定的是，预防比治疗更重要。分析句子结构，第一个空引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，位于句首，首字母应大写，由连接代词What引导；第二个空引导表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分和含义，由连词that引导。故选B项。
5．The man was observed ________ into the house and help himself to what he liked before the owner came back.
A．slip B．to slip C．slipping D．slipped
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人看见那人在屋主回来之前溜进屋里随便吃他喜欢吃的东西。短语:be observed to do sth.表示“被看到做某事”。故选B。
6．—They don’t have much in their house yet.
—________ they’re planning to live here only until Bob gets his degree, they don’t want to buy much furniture.
A．Since B．Although C．While D．Unless
【答案】A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：——他们家里没有多少东西。——因为他们打算在鲍勃拿到学位之前一直住在这里，所以他们不想买太多家具。A. Since因为；B. Although虽然；C.While在……期间；D. Unless除非。根据句意，引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用since。故选A。
7．Sports and games can ________ our bodies, keep us healthy and help us live a long life.
A．bring up B．set up C．pick up D．build up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：运动和比赛能够增强我们的体质，使我们保持健康，有助于我们长寿。bring up抚养；set up建立； pick up 捡起，用车接送，收听；build up增强。由“keep us healthy and help us live a long life.”可知运动和比赛能够增强我们的体质，故选D。
8．In the country Bhutan, weather ______ vary dramatically from place to place, day to day or even within the same day.
A．can B．shall C．must D．need
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在不丹，不同的地方，不同的日子，甚至同一天，天气都有可能有很大的差异。A. can可能；       B. shall应该；C. must必须；D. need需要。根据语境分析，can有时可能会（用于偶尔的可能性），用于此处阐述天气比较合适。故选A项。
9．______ we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
A．Before B．Until C．Unless D．Once
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：一旦我们做了决定，在大多数情况下，就没有回头路了。A. Before在……之前；B. Until直到；C. Unless除非；D. Once一旦。引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”应用once。故选D。
10．Many people welcome the chance to do meaningful things, ________they will get no pay.
A．even if B．as if C．in case D．now that
【答案】A
【解析】考查从属连词。句意：许多人欢迎有机会做有意义的事情，即使他们得不到报酬。A. even if即使，虽然；B. as if好像；C. in case万一；D. now that既然，由于。由语意可知，此处考查让步状语从句，即使没有报酬，也愿意去做有意义的事。A项符合语境。故选A项。
11．Psychologists explain how your walk can ________ your hidden personalities in a recent behavioral study.
A．reserve B．relieve C．release D．reveal
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家在最近的一项行为研究中解释了你的走路方式可以揭示你隐藏的性格。A. reserve保留；B. relieve解除；C. release释放；D. reveal揭示，透露。根据句意及后文“your hidden personalities”可知，走路方式可以揭示隐藏的性格。故选D项。
12．Don't worry. Buses run_________between the city and the airport, so you will catch the next soon.
A．frequently B．occasionally
C．permanently D．significantly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：别担心。公共汽车频繁地往返于市区和机场之间，所以你很快就会赶上下一班。A. frequently频繁地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. permanently永久地；D. significantly显著地。此处指公共汽车“频繁地”往返。故选A。
13．My parents always remind us that by no means ________ no respect for our teachers.
A．we show B．did we show
C．should we show D．we should show
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：我的父母总是提醒我们，我们决不能不尊重老师。by no means“绝不”是否定意义，位于句首时需要部分倒装，将“情态动词/be动词/助动词”置于主语之前，且“我们应该尊重老师”是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选C。
14．Sped skating is a competitive form of ice skating________ the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.
A．in which B．from which C．on which D．at which
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】考查定语从句。句意：速滑是滑冰的一种竞技形式，选手们穿溜冰鞋进行一定距离的比赛。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰“a competitive form of ice skating”，指物，in a ... form“以……形式”，先行词作介词in 的宾语，指物，用关系代词which，还原定语从句为：in the competitive form the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.故选A。
15．—Many people think women are better at cooking than men.
—________. Most top cooks in the world are men.
A．Not at all B．Exactly C．I agree D．That’s not the case
【答案】D
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——很多人认为女人比男人更会做饭。——事实并非如此。世界上大多数顶级厨师都是男性。A. Not at all别客气；B. Exactly正是如此；C. I agree我同意；D. That’s not the case事实并非如此。根据Most top cooks in the world are men.可知，后者并不同意前者的观点。故选D。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
For my 8th birthday my ____16____ was a shiny blue bike. My older sisters decided to teach me to ride. We lived on Edgewood Avenue at the top of a steep hill. My ____17____, Agnes and Christina, put me on my bike and ____18____ me hard, yelling instructions, “Peddle! Steer! Use the brakes!” Needless to say, I was rushing down the street ____19____ trying to hold on.
I bumped into the curb (路缘), ____20____ over the handlebars onto the sidewalk, skinning my knees, hurting my hands and crying loudly. Instead of offering ____21____, my sisters yelled at me ____22____ I hadn’t listened to their instructions. Weeks ____23____ before I tried again. This time I walked my bike to the ____24____ parking lot behind the schoolyard. I kept repeating the instructions to myself and after a few awkward ____25____ and even more painful spills I learned to ride a bike.
Learning life lesson is ____26____ like learning to ride a bike. Some life lessons are ____27____ to learn. We don’t always get to choose where we learn them; we don’t always have good teachers and we are not always ____28____. Sometimes we find ourselves madly trying to hold on.
But things are different now.
My husband, Rich, ____29____ my sons to ride a bike. First he raised their training wheels a little and they rode around the block getting used to the unstable ____30____. After he removed the training wheels he would run along the side of the bike holding on to the seat to ____31____ them. Up and down our street they would go with Rich calling out, “You ____32____ have it! You’re doing great!” until my son would call out “Let go”. Rich would let go but still run along, just ____33____. It was a happy day in the neighborhood.
When the life lessons come along in this New Year you may ____34____ them from a patient and kind teacher; you may have them surrounded by ____35____ and encouragement. And you may have someone stay by your side until you have found victory.
16．A．dream B．reward C．gift D．aim
17．A．brothers B．sisters C．friends D．classmates
18．A．stuck B．turned C．knocked D．pushed
19．A．wildly B．carefully C．slowly D．instantly
20．A．jumping B．flying C．moving D．leaving
21．A．sadness B．happiness C．excitement D．sympathy
22．A．although B．until C．because D．while
23．A．passed B．remained C．happened D．changed
24．A．crowded B．busy C．covered D．empty
25．A．experiments B．attempts C．fights D．conflicts
26．A．though B．even C．much D．still
27．A．wonderful B．comfortable C．dangerous D．painful
28．A．ready B．perfect C．wrong D．strong
29．A．forced B．taught C．allowed D．ordered
30．A．practice B．habit C．development D．feeling
31．A．repair B．fix C．steady D．move
32．A．almost B．usually C．always D．seldom
33．A．in time B．in relief C．in turn D．in case
34．A．accept B．learn C．refuse D．avoid
35．A．blame B．complaint C．support D．criticism
【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B
26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己学车和丈夫教儿子学车的经历，感悟到学习人生的课程很像学习骑自行车，有些人生课程是痛苦的。我们不能选择在哪里学习它们；我们并不总是有好老师，我们也不总是做好准备，但是在新的一年里，当生活的课程来了，你可以从耐心和善良的老师那里学到；你可能会被支持和鼓励包围。也许会有人陪在你身边直到你胜利。
16．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我8岁生日的礼物是一辆闪亮的蓝色自行车。A. dream梦想；B. reward奖励；C. gift礼物；D. aim目的。根据上文“my 8th birthday”可知自行车是作者的生日礼物。故选C。
17．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹艾格尼丝和克里斯蒂娜把我放在自行车上，使劲推着我，一边喊着指示：“加速！转弯! 刹车！”。A. brothers兄弟；B. sisters姐妹；C. friends朋友；D. classmates同学。呼应后文“my sisters yelled at me”可知，艾格尼丝和克里斯蒂娜是作者的姐妹。故选B。
18．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹艾格尼丝和克里斯蒂娜把我放在自行车上，使劲推着我，一边喊着指示：“加速！转弯! 刹车！”。A. stuck卡住；B. turned转弯；C. knocked敲门；D. pushed推。根据后文“me hard, yelling instructions”可知姐妹推着作者前进，故选D。
19．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不用说，我在街上狂奔，拼命想抓住。A. wildly疯狂地，野生地；B. carefully仔细地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. instantly立即。根据上文“I was rushing down the street”可知，姐妹推着作者在街上狂奔。后文“Sometimes we find ourselves madly trying to hold on.”也是提示。故选A。
20．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我撞到了路缘，从车把上飞到了人行道上，擦伤了膝盖，弄伤了双手，哭得很大声。A. jumping跳跃；B. flying飞；C. moving移动；D. leaving离开。根据后文“over the handlebars onto the sidewalk, skinning my knees, hurting my hands and crying loudly”可知，作者撞到了路缘，从车上飞了出去，受伤了。故选B。
21．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹不但没有表示同情，反而对我大吼大叫，因为我没有听从她们的指示。A. sadness悲伤；B. happiness幸福；C. excitement激动；D. sympathy同情。根据后文“my sisters yelled at me”可知，作者摔倒姐妹不但没有表示同情，反而对作者大吼大叫，故选D。
22．【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我的姐妹不但没有表示同情，反而对我大吼大叫，因为我没有听从她们的指示。A. although虽然；B. until直到；C. because因为；D. while当……时候。引导原因状语从句，表示因为应用because。故选C。
23．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我再次尝试。A. passed通过，经过；B. remained提醒；C. happened发生；D. changed改变。根据上文weeks可知指经过了几周，作者再次尝试。故选A。
24．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次我骑着自行车走到校园后面空荡荡的停车场。A. crowded拥挤的；B. busy忙碌的；C. covered有顶的；D. empty空的。结合常识，作者要学习自行车选择的应该是开阔没什么人的停车场。故选D。
25．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不断地向自己重复指令，经过几次尴尬的尝试，甚至更痛苦的摔倒之后，我学会了骑自行车。A. experiments实验；B. attempts尝试；C. fights斗争；D. conflicts冲突。根据上文“I kept repeating the instructions to myself and after a few awkward”可知，作者学车经过了几次尴尬的尝试。故选B。
26．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学习人生的课程很像学习骑自行车。A. though虽然；B. even甚至；C. much非常；D. still仍然。根据后文“like learning to ride a bike”可知作者把人生的课程比作学习骑自行车。much like“很像”。故选C。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人生教训是痛苦的。A. wonderful极好的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. dangerous危险的；D. painful痛苦的。呼应上文“even more painful”指有些人生教训是痛苦的。故选D。
28．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不能选择在哪里学习它们；我们并不总是有好老师，我们也不总是做好准备。A. ready准备好的；B. perfect完美的；C. wrong错误的；D. strong强壮的。此处呼应上文“we don’t always have good teachers and we are not always”作者的姐妹教作者骑车方式粗暴，不是好老师，作者也并没有准备好。故选A。
29．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫里奇教我的儿子们骑自行车。A. forced迫使；B. taught教学；C. allowed允许；D. ordered命令。根据后文“my sons to ride a bike”指丈夫教儿子骑自行车。故选B。
30．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，他把辅助轮抬高了一点，然后他们骑着自行车绕着街区转了一圈，慢慢习惯了这种不稳定的感觉。A. practice练习；B. habit习惯；C. development发展；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“they rode around the block getting used to the unstable”可知，他们骑着自行车绕着街区转了一圈，慢慢习惯骑车这种不稳定的感觉。故选D。
31．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：取下辅助轮后，他会抓住座位，沿着自行车的一侧跑，使其稳定下来。A. repair修理；B. fix修理；C. steady稳住；D. move移动。根据上文“holding on to the seat to”可知丈夫抓住自行车的座椅是为了让车稳定下来。故选C。
32．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你就快成功了！A. almost几乎；B. usually通常；C. always总是；D. seldom很少。根据上文“Up and down our street they would go with Rich calling out”可知，丈夫为了鼓励儿子，说他就快成功了，almost符合语境。故选A。
33．【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：里奇会放手，但还是继续跑，以防万一。A. in time及时；B. in relief如释重负；C. in turn轮流；D. in case万一。丈夫跟着自行车跑，是为了以防儿子摔倒。故选D。
34．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在新的一年里，当生活的课程来了，你可以从耐心和善良的老师那里学到；你可能会被支持和鼓励包围。A. accept接受；B. learn学习；C. refuse拒绝；D. avoid避免；根据后文“them from a patient and kind teacher”指从有耐心和善良的老师那里学到生活的课程。故选B。
35．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新的一年里，当生活的课程来了，你可以从耐心和善良的老师那里学到；你可能会被支持和鼓励包围。A. blame责备；B. complaint抱怨；C. support支持；D. criticism批评。根据后文“and encouragement”可知指被有耐心善良的老师支持和鼓励，故选C。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The following is a list of museums that have new ways to develop creativity and spread knowledge.
The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza
The museum is one of Madrid’s “Big Three” cultural institutions. Home to the world’s second largest private collection of art, it owns famous works from almost every art movement. Users can take a virtual (虚拟的）tour of the entire building or a thematic (主题的）tour covering such topics as food and fashion.
The National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art (MMCA), Seoul
Since it opened its doors in 2013, MMCA has become a well-known cultural platform and leader in Korean art. With the help of Google Arts and Culture, MMCA is now offering a virtual tour of its collections. This experience takes visitors through six floors of modern and contemporary art from Korea and around the world.
The Anne Frank House
The Anne Frank House, set up in 1957 in Amsterdam, tries to inform the public through educational programs and tours of the building where Anne and her family hid during World War II. To explore deeper into the story described in Anne9s diary, online visitors can watch videos about her life and look around the house where she lived before going into hiding.
The Vatican Museums
They are the public art and sculpture museums in the Vatican City. They exhibit works from the large collection collected by the Popes (教皇）throughout the centuries, including several of the most famous Roman sculptures and most important masterpieces of Renaissance (文艺复兴） art in the world. Virtual visitors can tour seven different sections of the complex, enjoying 360-degree views of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps best known for Michelangelo’s ceiling and Last Judgment fresco (壁画).
36．At which museum can visitors gain knowledge of art movements?
A．The Vatican Museums.
B．The Anne Frank House.
C．The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bomemisza.
D．The National Museum of Modem and Contemporary Art.
37．What does MMCA’s collection focus on?
A．Works of famous Roman artists.
B．Modem and contemporary art.
C．Public educational programs.
D．Google Arts and Culture.
38．What is special about the Anne Frank House?
A．It was built during World War II.
B．It has the largest private collections.
C．It is the oldest museum about the war.
D．It tells the story of a World War II victim.
39．What can tourists do in The Vatican Museums?
A．Learn to create sculptures.
B．Enjoy a specific thematic tour.
C．Watch videos about the Popes’ life.
D．Appreciate Michelangelo’s artworks.
40．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A．To introduce museums with virtual tours.
B．To appeal to people to visit museums in the flesh.
C．To show people ways of appreciating works of art.
D．To advise museums to perfect visitors’ experience.
【答案】36．C 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个带有虚拟旅游的博物馆。
36．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Home to the world’s second largest private collection of art, it owns famous works from almost every art movement.（它是世界上第二大的艺术私人收藏的家，拥有着来自几乎每个艺术活动的著名的作品）”可知，在The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bomemisza博物馆可以获得艺术活动相关的知识。故选C。
37．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This experience takes visitors through six floors of modern and contemporary art from Korea and around the world.（这次体验能让游客在六层的博物馆里欣赏到来自韩国以及全世界的现代和当代艺术）”可知，MMCA博物馆主要展示现代和当代艺术。故选B。
38．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The Anne Frank House, set up in 1957 in Amsterdam, tries to inform the public through educational programs and tours of the building where Anne and her family hid during World War II.（建于1957年的Anne Frank House，想通过教育节目和在此的旅行，让公众知道在二战时，Anne和她的家人所隐藏的地方。）”可知，Anne Frank House主要是讲述二战受害者Anne的故事。故选D。
39．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Virtual visitors can tour seven different sections of the complex, enjoying 360-degree views of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps best known for Michelangelo’s ceiling and Last Judgment fresco (壁画).（虚拟游客可以从360度参观西斯廷教堂，以Michelangelo的天花板和Last Judgment的壁画出名的教堂。）”可知，游客在The Vatican Museums可以欣赏到Michelangelo的作品。故选D。
40．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The following is a list of museums that have new ways to develop creativity and spread knowledge.（以下是几处博物馆的介绍，这些博物馆有新的方式来培养创造力和传播知识）”可知，作者写这篇文章目的在于介绍这几个博物馆。再根据每个博物馆的“virtual (虚拟的）”可知，这几个博物馆都带有虚拟旅行。故选A。
.B
A ninth-grade Aledo track standout who was the victim of an unusual accident with a deer has returned to the varsity team (校队) and says his story offers a lesson for everyone: “Never stop trying.”
Jack Fink, 14, has always loved to run. "I've been running long distance since I was in third grade," Fink said. "It's the wind in my face. Just going as fast as possible."
One morning last month, Fink was running along a golf course not far from school — practicing with his team — when something faster than him hit him hard from behind. “I saw the sky and then I saw the ground and then my ears started ringing," he said. Some teammates saw what happened and helped him up.
“They told me a couple of minutes after, ‘Jack, you got hit by a deer!’ And I was like, ‘What? There's no way,’” he said Monday. He never even saw the deer, he said.
Fink was OK at first but as the hours went on his head started hurting. Fink then went to Cook Children's hospital. "They took me straight back to surgery and they told my mom and dad, ‘Hey, he may not make it,’” he said. X-rays found a skull fracture (颅骨骨折) and bleeding in his brain. He needed six screws (螺钉) to relieve the pressure, screws that will stay inside his head for the rest of his life.
He spent a few weeks at home recovering but wanted to run again. Not sure if he was up to it, his coaches put him on the junior varsity team at first.
"It's the craziest and the scariest thing I've had to deal with in my coaching career,” track coach Mike Pinkerton said of the incident. "He said, ‘Coach, I'm getting my spot back!’” Pinkerton said. At the junior varsity meet, Fink came in first. He then got his varsity spot back. “I felt like, ‘OK I can do this again. I'm back. I'm ready to run again,’” Fink said.
At a regional meet Monday in Lubbock, Fink was the fastest ninth-grader in the entire area. The state competition is in Round Rock next month, and Fink will be there with his team. "There's no excuse. You have to go through life and try your hardest with everything,” he said. “Never stop trying and just run.”
41．When did the accident happen?
A．When Fink was in third grade. B．While Fink was playing golf at the course.
C．Before Fink saw the sky. D．While Fink was training.
42．After hearing he was hit by a deer, Fink felt ________.
A．amused B．astonished C．annoyed D．disappointed
43．What could be inferred from Para. 5?
A．The accident did him no harm. B．He had to replace screws for life.
C．He was taken to the hospital immediately after the accident. D．He had an operation on his head.
44．Why did the coach send Fink to the junior varsity team first?
A．Because Fink was still weak after his recovery.
B．Because the coach doubted about his fitness for the race.
C．Because the coach was mad with Fink's decision.
D．Because Fink had to pass the junior varsity meet first.
45．Which of the following is the passage probably taken from?
A．A novel. B．A newspaper. C．A brochure. D．A diary.
【答案】41．D 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位九年级的田径运动员杰克·芬克受伤之后，通过自己不懈努力，重新回到了校队。
41．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“One morning last month, Fink was running along a golf course not far from school—practicing with his team—when something faster than him hit him hard from behind.(上个月的一个早晨，芬克正在离学校不远的一个高尔夫球场上跑步，和他的团队一起练习，突然有个比他更快的东西从后面狠狠地猛击了他一下)”可知，事故是当芬克在训练时发生的。故选D。
42．【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“‘What? There's no way,’” he said Monday. He never even saw the deer, he said.(“什么？不可能，”他周一说。他说，他甚至都没见过那头鹿)”可知，芬克听说自己被鹿撞了，感到很惊讶。故选B。
43．【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“He needed six screws to relieve the pressure, screws that will stay inside his head for the rest of his life.(他需要6颗螺丝来缓冲压力，这些螺丝将会在他的大脑中度过余生)”可推断，他做了头部手术。故选D。
44．【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“Not sure if he was up to it, his coaches put him on the junior varsity team at first.(由于不确定他是否能胜任，他的教练们起初把他安排进了次要代表队)”可推断，教练先送芬克去次要代表队是因为教练怀疑他的体能是否适合比赛。故选B。
45．【解析】推理判断题。本文是以当事人杰克·芬克和他的教练的视角对他发生的这场事故进行描述和后来他采取的措施而写的一篇文章。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自一份报纸上的报道。故选B。
C
You watch a sad film and get caught up in your emotions. You cry your eyes out at the dramatic plot — you feel sad for the characters if they suffer, or happy for them when they are successful. It is only when the movie is over that you realize that what you were watching is not real.
But why couldn’t you accept that when you were so absorbed in the movie? It was reported in Science Daily this week that scientists at Case Western Reserve University, US, discovered that people simply cannot think emotionally and logically at the same time.
It has long been known that something different goes on in our brain when we use logic, rather than responding to something emotionally. Thinking logically is a step-by-step process, in which people make decisions through reasoning and find answers rationally. When we think emotionally or empathize (有同感), we look at things from someone else’s point of view and try to feel their pain.
Now scientists have found that thinking logically and emotionally are like the two ends of a seesaw (跷跷板). When we’re busy empathizing, the part of the brain used for cold, hard analysis is suppressed. And it’s also true the other way round.
To come to this conclusion, scientists gathered 45 people — men and women — to take brain scans as they solved different kinds of puzzles. Some of the puzzles were tough and involved math and physics and others were social problems that required participants to put themselves in other people’s shoes.
Scientists found that when participants were doing a math problem, the region in their brain that is associated with logical thinking lit up, and when asked to make emotional decisions, the region for emotional thinking lit up. But the most interesting part is that when asked to solve problems that required both logical and emotional responses, the participants always used one of the regions at a time while the other one went dark.
“Empathetic and analytic thinking are mutually (相互之间地) exclusive (排斥的) in the brain,” said Anthony Jack, leader of the study. “You don't have to favor one, but cycle efficiently between them, and employ the right network at the right time.”
However, people sometimes ended up using the wrong one. This explains why some people are good at solving complex math problems but have poor social skills. And why even the smartest people get taken in by fake but touching stories.
46．Why does the author mention watching movies at the beginning of the article?
A．To show that we are easily moved by things that are not real.
B．To show that sometimes we only use emotional thinking.
C．To introduce the research hased on this kind of experiences.
D．To prove emotional thinking is powerful.
47．Scientists at Case Western Reserve University, US proved________through their recent tests.
A．logical thinking works differently from emotional thinking
B．logical thinking is much more efficient than emotional thinking
C．logical thinking and emotional thinking take turns to function independently
D．logical thinking and emotional thinking could work together
48．The underlined word “suppressed” in Paragraph 4 means________.
A．starting to react actively
B．being completel damaged
C．to prevent something from working effectively
D．to obtain an opposite function
49．We can conclude from the last two paragraphs that________.
A．people have to frequently switch between different types of thinking
B．adopting the wrong thinking mode could have bad results
C．people could only either have excellent logical thinking or emotional thinking
D．people who think logically could easily be manipulated
50．What is probably the best title?
A．Movies and Your Emotions B．Math and Physics
C．Your Heart vs Your Mind D．Logical Thinking
【答案】46．C 47．C 48．C 49．A 50．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端，不能同时工作。
46．【解析】推理判断题。文中第一段描述了观影人在看电影时情绪会受到电影情节影响，只有到电影结束时才会意识到自己所看到的并不是真实的，第二段中“But why couldn’t you accept that when you were so absorbed in the movie?（但是当你如此专注于电影的时候，你为什么不能接受这一点呢?）”就这一现象提出问题，并引出研究结论“It was reported in Science Daily this week that scientists at Case Western Reserve University, US, discovered that people simply cannot think emotionally and logically at the same time.(据本周《科学日报》报道，美国凯斯西储大学的科学家们发现，人们无法同时进行情感和逻辑思考)”，由此推知，作者在文章开头提到看电影是为了引出基于这类经验的研究。故选C。
47．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now scientists have found that thinking logically and emotionally are like the two ends of a seesaw (跷跷板) . When we’re busy empathizing, the part of the brain used for cold hard analysis is suppressed. And it’s also true the other way round.（现在科学家们发现，逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端。当我们忙于移情时，大脑中用于冷静、强硬分析的部分就会被抑制。反过来也一样）”可推知，美国凯斯西储大学的科学家发现逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端，轮流独立发挥作用，故选C。
48．【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Now scientists have found that thinking logically and emotionally are like the two ends of a seesaw (跷跷板). When we’re busy empathizing, the part of the brain used for cold. hard analysis is suppressed. (现在科学家们发现，逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端。当我们忙于移情时，大脑中用于冷静、强硬分析的部分就会被suppressed)”中“two ends of a seesaw”可知，跷跷板的原理就是一边升，一边降，句中把逻辑思维和情感思维比喻为“跷跷板的两端”，由此推知，当我们忙于移情，情感思维端活跃时，逻辑思维端就会“降”，受到压制，所以句中划线词suppressed应该指“压制；阻止”，与C项“阻止某事有效地工作”意思相近，故选C。
49．【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘Empathetic and analytic thinking are mutually (相互之间地) exclusive (排斥的) in the brain,’ said Anthony Jack, leader of the study. ‘You don't have to favor one, but cycle efficiently between them, and employ the right network at the right time.’(研究负责人安东尼·杰克说：“在大脑中，移情能力和分析能力是相互排斥的。”你不必偏爱其中的一个，而是在它们之间有效地循环，并在正确的时间使用正确的神经网络)”可推知，人们需要在不同的思维方式之间进行切换，故选A。
50．【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了逻辑思维和情感思维就像跷跷板的两端，不能同时工作，C项“Your Heart vs Your Mind”中“Your Heart”代表“情感思维”，“Your Mind”代表“逻辑思维”，是最佳标题。故选C。
D
Pretty soon not even your dreams may be private anymore. Japanese scientists have learned how to interpret what you’re dreaming about by measuring your brain activity while you sleep. This data can then be connected to an algorithm that reconstructs your dream so that it can be played back for you when you’re awake, according to the journal Science. In other words, scientists have invented a sort of dream-reading machine. Before long, you may never have to worry about forgetting what you dreamed about ever again. You’ll be able to simply play your dreams back after you wake up in the morning.
The remarkable breakthrough makes use of a fairly straightforward idea: that when we visualize certain types of objects in our minds, our brains generate consistent neural patterns that can then be correlated with what is being visualized. For instance, when you imagine a chair, your brain fires in a pattern that occurs whenever a chair is visualized. An algorithm can then be used to tie the data from a brain scan to the appropriate correlated images. In this way your dream can be reconstructed. So far the research is still fairly basic—researchers only claim to get the dream right about 60 percent of the time—but it’s still an extraordinary turn for the science of the mind.
Here’s how the study worked. Subjects were first asked to hook themselves up to an electroencephalography (EEG) machine, then to fall asleep within an fMRI machine. Scientists used the EEG readings to identify when the subjects began to enter a dreaming phase. The subjects were then promptly woken up and asked to recall what they were dreaming about. This process was repeated nearly 200 times for each subject.
Later, the scientists processed this data and discovered that certain common types of objects from the subjects’ dreams could be correlated with brain patterns as recorded by the fMRI scans. They then used an Internet search engine to look for images that roughly matched the objects from the subjects’ dreams, and entered all of this information into a learning algorithm that improved the model even further. That algorithm was then able to use the data from the dreamers, fMRI scans to assemble videos from the Internet images, basically creating a primitive movie for each dream.
Again, the research is still in a basic phase. So far these videos only represent rough approximations of the images from the subjects’ dreams, but researchers claim that the machined predictions were still better than chance. Over time, the technology will improve as the algorithm learns. The research could eventually revolutionize how dreams are interpreted and understood. Scientists may even find out valuable clues about what the mysterious function of dreaming is in the first place.
51．Which of the following statements is true about dream-reading machine?
A．It can make your dream come true. B．It can rebuild your dream while you sleep.
C．It can help you remember your dream. D．It can record your dream when you are awake.
52．What does the author mainly want to tell us in paragraph 2?
A．How our dream can be rebuilt during sleep. B．Patterns generated in our brain can be visualized.
C．Images can be visualized in our minds. D．The data from a brain scan can build images.
53．What does the underlined word “subjects” refer to in paragraph 3?
A．Main feature of a talk in the research. B．People who were tested in an experiment.
C．Topics which happened in a conversation. D．Courses that were studied in the process.
54．In the experiment, the scientists used a learning algorithm to ________.
A．analyze how our brains generate consistent neural patterns
B．discover when the subjects began to enter a dreaming phase
C．visualize the common types of objects from the subjects’ dreams
D．make the images matching the objects from dreams into videos
55．What’s the author’s attitude towards the machine’s predictions?
A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Optimistic. D．Tolerant.
【答案】51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们发明了一种读梦机，可以帮助人们记住自己的梦。文章介绍了其背后的工作原理以及研究开展的过程和作者对此的看法。
51．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In other words, scientists have invented a sort of dream-reading machine. Before long, you may never have to worry about forgetting what you dreamed about ever again. You’ll be able to simply play your dreams back after you wake up in the morning.(换句话说，科学家们发明了一种读梦机。用不了多久，你可能再也不用担心忘记你的梦了。你可以在早上醒来后简单地回放你的梦境)”可知，C选项“它可以帮助你记住你的梦”正确。故选C。
52．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“The remarkable breakthrough makes use of a fairly straightforward idea: that when we visualize certain types of objects in our minds, our brains generate consistent neural patterns that can then be correlated with what is being visualized. For instance, when you imagine a chair, your brain fires in a pattern that occurs whenever a chair is visualized. An algorithm can then be used to tie the data from a brain scan to the appropriate correlated images. In this way your dream can be reconstructed. So far the research is still fairly basic—researchers only claim to get the dream right about 60 percent of the time—but it’s still an extraordinary turn for the science of the mind.(这一非凡的突破利用了一个相当直接的想法：当我们在脑海中想象特定类型的物体时，我们的大脑会产生一致的神经模式，然后与被想象的物体相关联。例如，当你想象一把椅子时，你的大脑会以一种每当你想象一把椅子时就会出现的模式激活。然后可以使用一种算法将脑部扫描的数据与相应的相关图像联系起来。这样，你的梦就可以重建了。到目前为止，这项研究仍然是相当基础的——研究人员只声称在60%的时间里做梦是正确的——但这对于心智科学来说仍然是一个非凡的转折)”可知，第二段主要想告诉我们梦是如何在睡眠中重建的。故选A。
53．【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Here’s how the study worked.”以及后文“were first asked to hook themselves up to an electroencephalography (EEG) machine, then to fall asleep within an fMRI machine. Scientists used the EEG readings to identify when the subjects began to enter a dreaming phase. The subjects were then promptly woken up and asked to recall what they were dreaming about. This process was repeated nearly 200 times for each subject.”可知，本段主要是在介绍这项研究是如何进行的。在实验中被测试的人首先被要求连接到脑电图机器上，然后在功能磁共振成像机器中入睡。科学家利用脑电图读数来确定受试者何时开始进入做梦阶段。然后这些受试者被立即叫醒，并被要求回忆他们所做的梦。这一过程在每个受试者身上重复了近200次。划线词指的是“在实验中被测试的人”。故选B。
54．【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“That algorithm was then able to use the data from the dreamers, fMRI scans to assemble videos from the Internet images, basically creating a primitive movie for each dream.(然后，该算法能够使用做梦者的数据，功能磁共振成像扫描将互联网图像中的视频组合起来，基本上为每个梦创建一个原始的电影)”可知，在实验中，科学家们使用了一种学习算法，将与梦中的物体相匹配的图像变成了视频。故选D。
55．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The research could eventually revolutionize how dreams are interpreted and understood. Scientists may even find out valuable clues about what the mysterious function of dreaming is in the first place.(这项研究可能最终会彻底改变人们对梦的解释和理解。科学家们甚至可能首先找到关于梦的神秘功能的有价值的线索)”可推知，作者对机器的预测持乐观态度。故选C。

第II卷
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Some fourteen years ago, I read Diet for a New America by John Robbins. At that time I wanted to change the world by means of stopping animals from being eaten by people.
Diet for a New America paints a beautiful picture of the animal world, in which one is rich not only in intelligence and beauty but even in compassion (同情). It tells stories, for example, of dolphins saving sea mammals from predatory whales and saving humans from shipwreck. It appealed to my sense of compassion, one of the values I had always cherished deeply in my heart, no matter how stupidly or wisely I had tried to put it into practice. Having captured my compassion, the book naturally led me to see human authority over animals as abusive and unjust. Diet for a New America also convinced me that consuming animal products is ecologically irresponsible and the major cause of human disease.
So I decided to make a change. I bought a tofu cookbook, and purged every form of animal flesh from my diet. Six months later, I went from vegetarian to vegan and rid even eggs and dairy products from my diet. This diet was qualified as vegan in most respects, although I didn’t add some of the more extreme elements, like avoiding honey.
However, as time went by, my health became bad due to the diet without animal products. My parents were worried and took me to a doctor. The doctor suggested I change my diet. Finally, I gave up being a vegan. I included high-quality, nutrient-dense animal foods into my diet again. And I finally recovered.
Being a vegan isn’t suitable for everyone and I’m a good example of it. I should find other proper ways to protect animals and make their life easier.
56．What did the author want to do after reading Diet for a New America? (no more than 10 words)
________________
57．Why did the author decide to make a change after reading Diet for a New America? (no more than 20 words)
________________
58．What does the underlined word “purged” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? (1 word)
________________
59．What happened to the author after becoming a vegan? (no more than 5 words)
________________
60．Try to figure out another proper way to protect animals and make their life easier and explain. (no more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】56．He wanted to stop/protect animals from being eaten by people.
57．Because he believed that consuming animal products was ecologically irresponsible and the major cause of human disease.
58．Rid/ Removed/Cancelled/Deleted
59．His health became bad /declined.
60．We should refuse to buy the products made of the animals’s skin, feather, etc. because when the buying stops, the killing can too.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在读了约翰·罗宾斯的《新美国饮食法》(Diet for a New America)之后，想通过阻止动物被人吃掉来改变世界。后来随着时间的推移，作者的健康状况变得糟糕。最终得出不是每个人都适合做一个素食主义者，我们应该找到其他合适的方法来保护动物，让他们的生活更容易。
56．【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段“Some fourteen years ago, I read Diet for a New America by John Robbins. At that time I wanted to change the world by means of stopping animals from being eaten by people.”（大约14年前，我读了约翰·罗宾斯的《新美国饮食法》(Diet for a New America)。那时我想通过阻止动物被人吃掉来改变世界。）可知，作者在读完罗宾斯的《新美国饮食法》后，想通过阻止动物被人吃掉来改变世界。故答案为He wanted to stop/protect animals from being eaten by people.
57．【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段“Diet for a New America also convinced me that consuming animal products is ecologically irresponsible and the major cause of human disease.”（“新美国饮食”也让我相信，食用动物产品对生态环境不负责任，是人类疾病的主要原因。）可知，作者在读完书之后决定做出改变是因为他认为食用动物产品是对生态环境不负责任的，也是人类疾病的主要原因。故答案为Because he believed that consuming animal products was ecologically irresponsible and the major cause of human disease.
58．【解析】考查词义猜测。根据第三段“So I decided to make a change.”（所以我决定做些改变。）以及划线词后“…every form of animal flesh from my diet”（从饮食中……所有形式的动物肉。）故可猜测purged为移除，清除的意思。故答案为Rid/ Removed/Cancelled/Deleted。
59．【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段“However, as time went by, my health became bad due to the diet without animal products.”（然而，随着时间的推移，我的健康状况变得糟糕，因为没有动物产品的饮食。我的父母很担心，带我去看医生。）可知，作者在成为素食主义者之后，身体状况变得糟糕。故答案为His health became bad /declined.
60．【解析】考查归纳总结。根据文章最后一段“Being a vegan isn’t suitable for everyone and I’m a good example of it. I should find other proper ways to protect animals and make their life easier.”（不是每个人都适合做一个素食主义者，我就是一个很好的例子。我应该找到其他合适的方法来保护动物，让他们的生活更容易。）故可总结，我们应该要寻找其他的办法来来保护动物，可以拒绝购买动物的皮、羽毛等制成的产品，因为当购买停止时，杀戮也会停止。故答案为We should refuse to buy the products made of the animals’s skin, feather, etc. because when the buying stops, the killing can too.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李津，擅长中国国画，且多次获奖。最近你创作了一幅作品《竹》，给负责下月举办青少年画展的美国朋友Tom写一封信并附一张作品照片，请他展览你的作品，要点包括：

（1）写信的目的；
（2）作品寓意简介；
（3）你对艺术的感悟；
（4）期待回复。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How are you? I’m happy to know
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Tom,
How are you? I’m happy to know you are in charge of a teenage art exhibition next month. As you know, I’m good at Chinese painting and some of them have won prizes.
Recently I completed a new painting about bamboo. In Chinese culture, bamboo conveys many best wishes and symbolizes excellent qualities. If compared to a bamboo, one is usually considered to be strong-willed and modest. So we use bamboo to represent a noble and gentle person.
As you know, art is a way of communicating ideas. For some, it inspires; For others, it’s a form of meditation. Art can help us see the world from a new perspective.
I wonder if my painting could be displayed along with other works then. Attached is a photo of my painting. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours ,
Li Jin