押全国乙卷第21—23题：阅读理解A篇应用文-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题（全国乙卷）

这是一份押全国乙卷第21—23题：阅读理解A篇应用文-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题（全国乙卷），文件包含押全国卷乙卷第21--23题阅读理解A篇应用文原卷版-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题全国卷docx、押全国卷乙卷第21--23题阅读理解A篇应用文解析版-备战2022年高考英语临考题号押题全国卷docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共58页， 欢迎下载使用。

押全国卷（乙卷）第21—23题
阅读理解A篇应用文

阅读理解占据着高考试卷的第一部分，所占的分数比重也是最大。 “良好的开端是成功的一半”， 阅读理解解答的顺利与否直接影响着后面其他试题的答题时间和答题心态。 准做、快做阅读理解试题， 为攻克后面的题目节省时间。
应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。英语课程标准中对＂读＂的能力要求之一是：要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章并能识别不同文体的特征。研读近年全国各地的高考试题可以看出，应用文是高考阅读理解命题的重要体裁之一。现简要介绍应用文的特点、类型和解题技巧。
应用文主要考察方式----细节理解
细节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简单，只需要根据题干中的关键词，回到原文中定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出答案。因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。
近3年全国卷考情分析
全国卷细节理解题题量统计
专家解析
状元解题
　　年份
卷别
2021
2020
2019
(1)命题人员会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。
(2)细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是做好阅读理解的拿分题。
采用寻读法，解题分三步：
1．先读题干，抓住关键词；
2．带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子；
3．仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。
全国卷Ⅰ
7
7
8
全国卷Ⅱ
6
8
7
全国卷Ⅲ
/
7
8
新高考卷Ⅰ
7
8
/

高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。
做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。
同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：
1. 先题后文
先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。
2. 题干定向
根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。
3. 生词模糊
遇到生词；如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。
4. 信息补全
对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。
总之，应用文类型的阅读文章一般说来比较易理解，文章类型以广告形式居多，设问根据文章的段落秩序，多以细节事实理解为主，答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜，辅以适当的推理判断。了解了应用文的措辞和内容特点，我们在实践中总结出解答应用文试题的关键是：抓信息。
重要提示：应用文阅读题做完后，不可轻易改答案，要相信第一感觉。因为第一次解题时思路最清晰，假如没十分把握，以不改为好，防止弄巧成拙。
全国高中英语课程标准明确指出，要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章，这说明了应用文文体在高考英语中的重要性。这个特点在历年高考试题中有明显的印证，不管是全国高考卷，还是省区高考卷中基本每年都涉及应用文文体的考查，这充分体现了＂为用而学，学以致用＂的新课程理念。因此，考生很有必要认真研读阅读理解中应用文的特征和命题特点，并掌握一定的解题方法。本文拟结合近年高考英语全国卷阅读理解中所涉及的应用文文体，帮助考生提高阅读理解的解题能力。
巧解应用文中的细节理解题：
1．关注正确选项的特征：一是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的综合理解和推断归纳。
2．防范干扰选项的逼真性，稍有不慎就会落入命题人设置的陷阱中。在做间接信息题时，要根据所找信息，分析选项，对比其中所用词汇，避免误选答案。必要时要对原文信息进行归结，然后比对选项，进而选出正确答案。

Passage 1（2021 •全国乙卷•第21—23题）
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
21. What would you do to get ticket information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink.com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street.
C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A. 6:42 pm. B. 7:29 pm.
C. 8:57 pm. D. 11:02 pm.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
[真题典例]　
[2021·全国乙卷阅读A] People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A．D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50，000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people．
21．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A. 104，944.　　　　 B. 107，601.
C. About 150，000. D. About 250，000.
【解题步骤】
第一步　找出题干关键词
people; Circus Maximus
第二步　定位到原文，寻找相关信息
关键句为本段的最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people.”
第三步　比对选项确定答案
Circus Maximus可容纳大约250，000人
参考答案：
21．C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
22．B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
23．B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
Passage 2（2021•全国甲卷•第21—23题）
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
【语篇解读】本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。
21.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Summer Company部分中的“Summer Company provides students with ...awards of up to ＄3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知“Summer Company为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”。“start and run their own summer businesses”即“为开办新的业务”，这对应B项中的“runn new businesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。
22.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中的第二段“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知“符合条件的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”。由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16-17岁之间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”,可知Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。
Passage 3（2020•全国甲卷Ⅰ第21—23题）
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart
Origin
Destination
Arrive
6:42pm
Altandi
Varsity Lakes
7:37pm
7:29pm
Central
Varsity Lakes
8:52pm
8:57pm
Fortitude Valley
Varsity Lakes
9:52pm
11:02pm
Roma Street
Varsity Lakes
12:22am
21． What would you do to get ticket information?
A．Call 13 16 17. B．Visit translink .com.au.
C．Ask at the local station. D．Check the train schedule.
22．At which station can you find the lost property office?
A．Altandi. B．Roma Street. C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.
23．Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A．6:42 pm. B．7:29 pm. C．8:57 pm. D．11:02 pm.
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．B
【语篇解读】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。
21．
细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。
22．
细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
23．
细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。
Passage 4（2020•全国甲卷Ⅱ第21—23题）
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open:29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop:10:30-17:00(16:00 in Oct).
House:11:15-16:00(15:00 in Oct)
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10:30 -17:00 Summer.10:30 -16:00 Winter.
Town: Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10:00 – 17:00, Sun 11:00 – 17:00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10:00 – 16:30, Sun 12:00 – 16:30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09:30 – 17:30 (last admission 17:00).
Town: Grasmere
21．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A．09:30-17:30. B．10:30-16:00. C．11:15-16:00. D．12:00-16:30
22．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A．Enjoy Romney’s works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family
23．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A．Penrith. B．Kendal. C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．D
【语篇解读】
本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
76．
细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
77．
细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney's works.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
78．
细节理解题。根据题干中的explore Wordsworth's life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
Passage 5（2020•全国甲卷Ⅲ第21—23题）
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence(13days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)
Discover the China of “past ages,” its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia(17days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
21．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A．Historical monuments. B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh’s paintings. D．Greek buildings.
22．Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A．France. B．Spain. C．China. D．Tunisia.
23．Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A．White towns. B．Underground cities. C．Tile-roofed villages. D．Rolling hills.
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．B
【语篇解读】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。
21．
细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。
22．
推理判断题。根据第三部分的China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选C项。
23．
细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选B项。
Passage 6（2019•全国卷Ⅰ第21—23题）
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15－18 years old in select communities (社区)．
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands­on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15－29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
1．What is special about Summer Company?
A．It requires no training before employment.
B．It provides awards for running new businesses.
C．It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D．It offers more summer job opportunities.
2．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A．15－18. B．15－24.
C．15－29. D．16－17.
3．Which program favors the disabled?
A．Jobs for Youth.
B．Summer Company.
C．Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.
D．Summer Employment Opportunities.
【语篇解读】本文为应用文。本文列举了一些青少年寻找暑期工作的一些信息。
题1：题干定位：根据题干中的关键词“Summer Company”，可定位到
Summer Company一段。文中关键句为“Summer Company provides students with hands­on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.”运用同义替换，判断出 “run their own summer businesses”相当于“running new businesses”。选B。
题2：题干中的关键词是 “Stewardship Youth Ranger Program”，由文中“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知，雇佣时的年龄要在16到17岁，且在12月31日前不能超过18岁。选D。
题3：题干中关键词是“the disabled”，可以替换为“persons with a disability”。由“Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.”可知，“Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)”项目有利于残疾人找工作。选D。

A
[2021·洛阳市高三统一考试]In a lot of other states in America, warm sunny days mean lazy afternoons are spent on the beach. In Oregon, people pack hiking shoes with their bathing suits. Here are 3 incredible hikes for you.
Cascade Head Preserve
Distance: 6.8 miles
Difficulty: Moderate
Nearest Town: Lincoln City
Managed by the international nonprofit The Nature Conservancy, the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the division between the north and central Oregon coast. There are upper and lower trailheads (小道的起点), with about 3.4 miles of trails between the two.
Cape Lookout
Distance: 5 miles
Difficulty: Easy
Nearest Town: Tillamook
Of all the capes (岬) on the Oregon coast, Cape Lookout might be the most famous, projecting 1.5 miles into the ocean. Visitors can tackle the five­mile, round­trip hike to the tip of the cape where they can enjoy several incredible views over the Pacific Ocean. Separate trails lead down to South Beach and the Campground.
Clatsop Loop Hike
Distance: 3 miles
Difficulty: Easy
Nearest Town: Cannon Beach
There are several trails that traverse Tillamook Head at Ecola State Park, but the Clatsop Loop Hike takes top honor for its breathtaking cliffside views and quiet forested paths. Take the seaside trail from Indian Beach to the Hikers Camp, then take the forested path back. If you really want to take up the challenge, you can also hike the backside of Ecola for an additional 4 miles (one way) to a trailhead at the seaside.
1．Which is the dividing line between the north and central Oregon coast?
A．Lincoln City. B．Cascade Head Preserve.
C．Cape Lookout. D．Cannon Beach.
2．What can you do while standing on the tip of the cape?
A．Go camping in the wild.
B．Go hiking through the forests.
C．Kill time on the beach.
D．Enjoy views over the ocean.
3．What is the Clatsop Loop Hike famous for?
A．The vast forest. B．The easy hikes.
C．The amazing scenery. D．The quiet seaside.
B
[2021·合肥市高三质量检测]
CVCC's High School Program
Career­technical programs at Cuyahoga Valley Career Center allow students flexible career paths with advanced academics to prepare them for college and work.
Electrical Systems
Each student is provided with trade­related classroom training that produces competency and pride that lead to true craftsmanship. Learn how to use many of the latest tools and techniques through hands­on training in our fully equipped lab. The program's diversified coursework gives students a strong foundation in installation and repair of electrical systems, in addition to students' receiving skill training, working and earning a paycheck on the job.
Engineering Technology
You'll learn engineering concepts and technology such as applied logic, digital electronics, computer­aided design, robotics and computer­integrated manufacturing. The project­based approach lets you apply your skills to real situations. In practice, you'll pick your own real­world problems to solve and graduate, ready for a college engineering program.
Sports Medicine & Exercise Science
This science­based program combines lectures, hands­on labs and critical thinking activities with all of the latest fitness technologies. Students have the unique opportunity to learn in exercise and sports environments alongside exercise and sports professionals using advanced medical techniques to prevent and heal injuries. Upon the completion of the program, students may earn college credits at Ohio's various universities. Applicants must have a minimum 3.0 GPA and a “C” or better in Biology.
Education Professions
Education Professions introduces college­minded students to the field of education. This foundational course benefits all education majors regardless of the specialties. Observation and field experiences provide the first­hand experience you need to decide if a career in education is for you. Admission is with the high school counselor's recommendation only.
4．Which program offers students pay?
A．Electrical Systems.
B．Engineering Technology.
C．Sports Medicine & Exercise Science.
D．Education Professions.
5．What is special about Sports Medicine & Exercise Science?
A．It is targeted at college students in Ohio.
B．It is aimed at training professional athletes.
C．It only admits applicants with recommendation.
D．It has academic requirements for applicants.
6．What can we infer about the programs mentioned in the text?
A．They are science­related.
B．They are technology­centered.
C．They stress practical training.
D．They guarantee admission to college.
C
[2021·昆明市高三质量检测]
Explore the History of Jazz and
Celebrate the Lunar New Year
Here is a sample of some events for this week and how to tune in. Note that events are likely to change after publication.
■Monday
Explore the history of jazz in Washington with the musician, broadcaster and historian Ken Avis, as he discusses what made the city a capital and how the music has changed through the years. This event, presented by the Smithsonian Associates, costs $25 for members and $30 for nonmembers. Registration closes two hours before the event.
When: 6：45 p．m.
Where: smithsonianassociates.org/ticketing/tickets/music­city­dc
■Wednesday
Celebrate the Lunar New Year's unique food traditions in a talk from the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. Jan Stuart, the Melvin R. Seiden organizer of Chinese art, will present works from the museum's collection, and Lydia Chang of the Peter Chang restaurant empire, will share stories about her family's celebratory dishes. This event is free, and attendance is capped at 500.
When: 6 p．m.
Where: asia.si.edu/lunar­new­year­celebration
■Saturday
Join Ensemble NYC for an evening of love songs. Featuring well­known artists, the event will include pieces like Gioachino Rossini's Una voce poco fa and Mozart's Là ci darem la mano. A part of the money will be donated to West Side Campaign Against Hunger. Tickets are need­based and can be purchased for as little as $10.
When: 7：30 p．m.
Where: musae.me/ensemblenyc/experience/889/canzone­damore
■Sunday
Dance with your little ones while listening to a special concert from the Laurie Berkner Band. In a live performance, Ms. Berkner, a children's recording artist, will play family­friendly songs, dance to animations and even introduce special guests. Tickets are $20, and give viewers access to both the 12 p．m. and 5 p．m. shows.
When: 12 p．m. or 5 p．m.
Where: live.laurieberkner.com
7．How much will you pay for the jazz event if you are not a member?
A．$10. B．$20.
C．$25. D．$30.
8．Where can you learn about Chinese artworks?
A．live.laurieberkner.com
B．smithsonianassociates.org/ticketing/tickets/music­city­dc
C．asia.si.edu/lunar­new­year­celebration
D．musae.me/ensemblenyc/experience/889/canzone­damore
9．When is probably the best time for a family attendance?
A.On Monday. B．On Wednesday.
C．On Saturday. D．On Sunday.
A
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——远足地点介绍
【文章大意】　本文介绍了俄勒冈州三个富有特色的远足地点，包括距离、难度和最近的市镇等信息。
1．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Cascade Head Preserve部分中的“the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the division between the north and central Oregon coast”可知，两处的分界线是Cascade Head Preserve，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Cape Lookout部分中的“Visitors can tackle the five­mile, round­trip hike to the tip of the cape where they can enjoy several incredible views over the Pacific Ocean”可知，站在岬的顶端，你可以欣赏到海洋风景，故D项正确。
3．答案与解析：C　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Clatsop Loop Hike部分中的“but the Clatsop Loop Hike takes top honor for its breathtaking cliffside views and quiet forested paths”可知，Clatsop Loop Hike因其壮丽景色而著名，故C项正确。
B
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——项目资讯——CuyahogaValley职业中心提供的项目信息
【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了Cuyahoga Valley职业中心为高中生提供的各类项目信息，让他们为自己的大学和工作做好准备。
4．答案与解析：A　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Electrical Systems部分中的“in addition to students' receiving skill training, working and earning a paycheck on the job”可知，Electrical Systems为学生提供报酬，故A项正确。
5．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Sports Medicine & Exercise Science部分中的“Applicants must have a minimum 3.0 GPA and a‘C’ or better in Biology”可知，Sports Medicine & Exercise Science特别的地方在于它对学生的学术能力有要求，所以D项正确。
6．答案与解析：C　考查推断的能力。根据第一段中的“allow students flexible career paths with advanced academics to prepare them for college and work”和全文各部分的内容可知，本文中提到的所有项目都旨在为学生提供实用的培训，让他们为进入大学和工作做好准备，故C项正确。
C
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——活动信息——探索爵士乐历史和庆祝农历新年
【文章大意】　本文介绍了本周的一些活动安排，包括活动内容、时间和价格等。
7．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一则信息中的“This event, presented by the Smithsonian Associates, costs $25 for members and $30 for nonmembers”可知，非会员需要支付30美元，故答案为D。
8．答案与解析：C　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二则信息中的“Jan Stuart, the Melvin R. Seiden organizer of Chinese art, will present works from the museum's collection”以及其网址“Where: asia.si.edu/lunar­new­year­celebration”可知，答案为C。
9．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第四则信息中的“Dance with your little ones...a children's recording artist, will play family­friendly songs”可知，这是最适合家庭参加的活动，该活动时间为周日，故答案为D。

A
[2021·广州市综合测试一]Exercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well­being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on different parts of the body. There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.
Endurance
Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood­flow system healthy while improving your total fitness. Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.
Strength
If you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as “resistance training”， are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.
Flexibility
Flexibility exercises help stretch your body's muscles. This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture, ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.
Balance
Balance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel­to­toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.
1．How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?
A．By combining different exercise types together.
B．By having sufficient rest between their workouts.
C．By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.
D．By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.
2．Which exercise types are most useful to improve a person's breathing function?
A．Strength and Balance.
B．Flexibility and Balance.
C．Endurance and Strength.
D．Endurance and Flexibility.
3．Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance­related exercises?
A．Arms. B．Legs.
C．The waist. D．The neck.
A
语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——锻炼——四种锻炼类型
【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了四种锻炼类型的作用，这四种锻炼类型分别是耐力性运动、力量运动、柔韧性运动和平衡运动。
1．答案与解析：A　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段最后一句中的“but including all four in your workout will produce better results”可知，把这四种锻炼类型结合在一起才能使一个人从其锻炼习惯中获益最大。故选A项。
2．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Endurance部分第一句中的“Endurance exercises increase your breathing”和Flexibility部分第二句中的“ability to breathe deeply”可知，耐力性运动和柔韧性运动这两种锻炼类型都对改善呼吸功能有帮助。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：B　考查推断的能力。根据Balance部分第二句可知，大多数好的平衡运动就是那些能让你的脚保持在地面上不停地移动的运动。由此可推知，腿在与平衡有关的运动中发挥着最重要的作用，故选B项。
B
No matter where you go around the globe, everybody loves to celebrate. And when it comes to celebration, festivals offer something for everyone.
Mardi Gras (New Orleans, Louisiana)
Also known as Fat Tuesday, Mardi Gras in New Orleans is a cultural event. Though the celebration is held every year, the festivities last for months. And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world­famous Tipitina's on Lundi Gras (the day before Mardi Gras).
La Tomatina (Valencia, Spain)
Launched way back in 1944 or 1945, La Tomatina is one of the oldest festivals on our list. It's also easily the happiest but the messiest, coming off like the world's biggest food fight.
Legend has it that the whole thing started when some local boys joined a parade alongside musicians. The boys made the performers so angry that they tried to hit the boys, and a vendor's (摊贩) vegetable stand fell victim to the incident.
If you go, please follow some simple rules: Don't throw hard objects; squash the tomato before throwing it; keep a safe distance from tomato trucks and stop in time.
Montreux Jazz Festival (Switzerland)
Founded back in 1967, Montreux is one of the oldest music festivals in the world. It is also the second largest jazz festival, after the Montreal International Jazz Festival. That Canadian concert may attract more visitors — around 2 million annually. But Montreux benefits from its pretty location on the attractive shores of Lake Geneva. The area is particularly beautiful in late June/early July, when the festival is held.
1．When is the Galactic concert held?
A．On Mardi Gras.
B．On Lundi Gras.
C．On Montreux Jazz Festival.
D．On La Tomatina.
2．What do people do on La Tomatina?
A．Punish naughty boys.
B．Enjoy musicians' performance.
C．Throw tomatoes without hurting.
D．Catch people who destroy tomatoes.
3．Where can you read the passage probably?
A．In a news report.
B．In an academic journal.
C．In a concert brochure.
D．In a travel magazine.
B
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——庆祝活动——节日
【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了世界上几个知名的节日，包括路易斯安那州新奥尔良的狂欢节、西班牙巴伦西亚的西红柿节以及瑞士的蒙特勒爵士音乐节。
1．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干关键词“Galactic concert”定位至Mardi Gras （New Orleans, Louisiana）部分；根据该部分中的“And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world­famous Tipitina's on Lundi Gras （the day before Mardi Gras）”可知，在“狂欢节”前一天可以欣赏该音乐会，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：C　考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干关键词“La Tomatina”定位至La Tomatina （Valencia，Spain）部分；根据该部分最后一句中的“Don't throw hard objects; squash the tomato before throwing it; keep a safe distance from tomato trucks and stop in time”可知，人们在西红柿节上互相扔西红柿取乐，但并不造成伤害，故C项正确。
3．答案与解析：D　考查推断的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三个知名的节日，重点介绍了这些节日的特色、起源等。据此可以判断，本文最可能摘自“旅行杂志”，故D项正确。
C
[2021·太原市高三年级模拟考试]
Pre­College Program Courses
The Harvard Pre­College Program will be hosting all courses online for Summer 2021. To encourage interactive learning, class sizes are small and typically range from 12 to 18 students. In this collegial setting, you will practice the art of healthy debates, learn to communicate clearly on complex topics, and deliver presentations on your own research, all under the guidance of Harvard instructors for a true Ivy League experience. At the end of the program, you will receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript with a grade of AR or NM (“requirements met” or “requirements not met”). Please note : You need to attend every online class in its entirety to receive a passing grade of “Met All Requirements”．
Course: Care in Critical Times
·Jul. 5 — Aug. 16, Mon. to Thurs., 8：30 — 11：00 am
·Andrea Wright
What is care? How can and do communities encourage care as a tool for building healing and hope? This course requires students not only to ask how they might engage in caring acts with their own communities, but to complete a locally based community project that brings care.
Course: Introduction to neuroscience
·Jul. 7 — Jul. 25, Wed. to Fri., Noon — 3：00 pm
·Grace Francis
This course is an introduction to the nervous system, with emphasis on the structure and function of the human brain.
Course: College Writing
·Jul. 1 — Jul. 22，Thurs. to Sat., 8：00 — 11：30 am
·Martin T. Greenup
This course introduces students to college writing by taking them through the steps required to complete a five­page analytic essay. Students read a range of classic and contemporary short stories, and develop strategies for careful close reading via class discussion and in­class exercises.
Course: The Economics of Cities
·Jun. 17 — Jul. 29, Sun. to Thurs., 3：15 — 6：15 pm
·Thomas Shay Hill
What causes cities to grow, and what limits their growth? What are the costs of urban living, and how can they be overcome? We examine a range of major urban issues from an economic view — traffic and transportation; water, public health and the role of cities in generating economic growth and technological innovation.
1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To offer an overview of the program.
B．To introduce the program instructors.
C．To present the contents of the guidance.
D．To explain the requirements for the courses.
2．Which course can you take if you are available on Friday mornings in July?
A．Care in Critical Times.
B．College Writing.
C．Introduction to neuroscience.
D．The Economics of Cities.
3．Whose course should you choose if you are interested in urban public health?
A．Andrea Wight's. B．Grace Francis's.
C．Martin T. Greenup's. D．Thomas Shay Hill's.
C
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——广告——大学学前课程
【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了哈佛大学学前项目开设的在线课程的相关信息。
1．答案与解析：A　考查理解目的的能力。第一段主要讲述了哈佛大学学前课程的开设时间、班级规模、相关学习内容及结课之后的考核，因此是对整个学前课程概况的介绍，故A项正确。
2．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Course: College Writing部分中的“Jul. 1 — Jul. 22, Thurs. to Sat., 8：00 — 11：30 am”可知，College Writing的上课时间在7月1日至22日，周四到周六上午8：00至11：30，适合7月份周五早上有时间的人士去参加，所以B项正确。
3．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Course: The Economics of Cities部分中的“We examine a range of major urban issues from an economic view — traffic and transportation; water, public health and the role of cities in generating economic growth and technological innovation”可知，如果你对城市公共健康感兴趣的话，可以参加Thomas Shay Hill的课程，故D项正确。
D
[2021·成都市高中结业班第三次诊断]
VATNAJöKULL NATIONAL PARK, ICELAND
Vatnajökull National Park is home to one of the largest glaciers in the world and two active volcanoes. It's a popular place to explore ice caves. Here you can experience the breathtaking views of waterfalls, frozen rivers and herds of reindeer through cave tours, glacial hikes and Jeep safaris.
Best time to visit: May to September.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RUINS OF LIANGZHU CITY, CHINA
Dating back to 5，300 years ago, the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City is considered as an important representation of early urban civilization based on rice plantation. The city ruins show the contributions made by the Yangtze River Basin to the origins of Chinese civilization.
Best time to visit: March to May & October to mid­December.
BAGAN, MYANMAR
Located on the banks of the Ayeyarwady River, Bagan is the capital of the ancient Burmese empire and features a stunning range of works of Buddhist art and architecture. Visitors can get the best views at sunrise by taking a hot air balloon ride and witness hundreds of architectural treasures as far as the eye can reach.
Best time to visit: November to February.
JAIPUR CITY, INDIA
The walled city of Jaipur is one of the most colourful cities in the world and part of India's famous Golden Triangle. The city is famous for not only its pink coloured buildings, but also the houses, shops, restaurants and hotels which give you a feast for colours. Besides, you can enjoy the city's layout, busy streets and large public squares.
Best time to visit: November to March.
1．Which of the following is best recommended in April?
A．Bagan.
B．Jaipur City.
C．Vatnajökull National Park.
D．Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City.
2．What is special about Bagan?
A．It features views of volcanoes.
B．It is heavy with religious culture.
C．It has a history of over 5，000 years.
D．It's known for colorful architecture.
3．In which part of a magazine can you most probably read this text?
A．Geography. B．Culture.
C．Science. D．Environment.
D
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——旅游景点
【文章大意】　本文介绍了中外值得一游的四个著名的旅游景点，包括这些景点的地理位置、特色、最佳旅游时间等。
1．答案与解析：D　考查理解具体信息的能力。将题干关键词best recommended in April与文中四个景点的最佳旅游时间相对应，由ARCHAEOLOGICAL RUINS OF LIANGZHU CITY, CHINA部分尾句“Best time to visit: March to May & October to mid­December”可知，四月份是中国良渚文化遗址的最佳旅游时间，故D项正确。
2．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干关键词Bagan可定位至BAGAN，MYANMAR部分，根据该部分第一句可知，蒲甘以一系列令人印象深刻的佛教艺术和建筑为特色。据此可知，蒲甘的特别之处在于其浓厚的宗教文化，故B项正确。
3．答案与解析：A　考查推断的能力。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中外值得一游的四个著名的旅游景点，包括这些景点的地理位置、特色、最佳旅游时间等，据此可以判断，本文最有可能摘自杂志中的地理版块，故A项正确。
E
[2021·成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测]
Training for Saving
First Aid at Work　3 days　￡279
Suitable for people aged 16＋ who might need to provide first aid by responding to a wide range of accidents, injuries and illnesses that they could encounter in their workplace. Ideal for organizations whose needs assessment has identified a requirement for additional first aid training, especially those having employees with a disability or a medical condition.
Lunch breaks. The classroom setting. Certificates to issue.
AED with Life Support 　2 days　￡107
A right choice for people over 16 who want to learn how to use an automated external defibrillator (AED). First aid for unresponsive adults in addition. Currently available at our London, Edinburgh and Reading venues; however, you can organize a training session for a group of up to 15 people at your workplace by requesting a group booking.
Certificates valid for three years.
First Aid for Teachers Training　1 day　￡50
Specially designed for those working in a school environment and wishing to have the first aid skills to act in an emergency. Ideal for teachers and other school staff over 16. First aid skills to help a child who is unresponsive and breathing or not breathing, choking, having an allergic reaction or a head injury.
Not qualify the learner to act as a first aider.
Fire Marshal Training　4 days　￡364
Take this if you are over 16 and responsible for fire safety or appointed fire marshals in the workplace. Come to understand how a fire starts and spreads; how to assess and manage these risks; and how to use firefighting equipment. You must be physically able to carry out the practical elements of the course.
Role­play. Classroom environment. Certificates.
1．What can be learnt in the course AED with Life Support?
A．Steps to deal with massive injuries.
B．The process of preventing a terrible fire.
C．Operation of certain medical equipment.
D．Treatment for an adult's mental problems.
2．Which course costs the most per day?
A．First Aid at Work.
B．AED with Life Support.
C．First Aid for Teachers Training.
D．Fire Marshal Training.
3．What do the four courses have in common?
A．Providing certificates for trainees.
B．Having the same requirement for age.
C．Offering a discount for a group booking.
D．Taking more than one day for people to complete them.
E
语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——四个救助培训课程
【文章大意】　本文介绍了四个救助培训课程：First Aid at Work，AED with Life Support, First Aid for Teachers Training, Fire Marshal Training以及课程的价格、适合的人群和特点等。
1．答案与解析：C　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据AED with Life Support中的“who want to learn how to use an automated external defibrillator （AED）”并结合常识可知，AED是一种医疗设备，故选C项。
2．答案与解析：A　考查计算的能力。根据每一个项目的持续时间和价格可知，First Aid at Work每天的价格是279÷3＝93英镑；AED with Life Support每天的价格是107÷2＝53.5英镑；First Aid for Teachers Training每天的价格是50英镑；Fire Marshal Training每天的价格是364÷4＝91英镑，故First Aid at Work每天的费用最高。
3．答案与解析：B　考查理解具体信息的能力。根据First Aid at Work中的“Suitable for people aged 16＋”，AED with Life Support中的“A right choice for people over 16”， First Aid for Teachers Training中的“Ideal for teachers and other school staff over 16”，Fire Marshal Training中的“Take this if you are over 16”可知，这四个课程学习者的年龄都须在16岁以上，故选B。