第5讲 非谓语动词在阅读写作中的应用 -2022年高考英语二轮复习高频考点非谓语动词巧学巧练

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“高考英语精品课程” 非谓语动词
第五讲 非谓语动词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
一．学习内容
考向1：不定式在阅读写作长难句中的应用
考向2：动名词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
考向3：现在分词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
考向4：过去分词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
考向5：with 复合结构和独立主格结构在阅读写作长难句中的应用
二． 考点精讲精练
写作时，可以利用非谓语动词对简单句进行整合，使其成为高级表达，其中with结构，分词或不定式做状语是利用频率较高的高级句式。
考向1：不定式在阅读写作长难句中的应用
1. 每天一个高考长难句·Day1
来源：2019高考全国卷1C篇
原句：His parents always give him lots of pocket money. But Dave thinks his parents work very hard and that it is not easy for them to make money, so he always tries his best to save more money. He has some good ways to do it.
关键点：文章首句，28题答案出处
长难句类型：不定式to do做主语
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写1
形式宾语
1. S+ think/find + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth.
我认为定期做锻炼是很必要的。
___________________________________________________________________________
答案：I think it necessary to take regular exercise.
如果你给我一些宝贵的建议，我会不胜感激的。
___________________________________________________________________________
答案：I would appreciate it if you could give me some useful advice.

形式主语
2. It is / was + adj. Necessary/ important+ ( for sb. ) to do sth. / clause
保持积极的心态是很重要。
______________________________________________________________________
3. It +is /was + n. one’s duty + clause /( for sb. ) to do sth.
保护环境是我们每个人的责任。
___________________________________________________________________________
4. It takes sb sometime to do 每天我要花2个小时做作业。
___________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is vital to keep a positive attitude.
It’s our duty to protect our environment.
It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.
2. 每天一个高考长难句·Day2
来源：2019高考全国卷1C篇
原句：As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
关键点：文章首句，28题答案出处
长难句类型：不定式to do做目的状语
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写2
随着医学技术越来越发达，人们进一步探索微观世界，比如新型冠状病毒，来治疗很多疾病。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

考向2：动名词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
3. 每天一个高考长难句·Day3
来源：2019高考全国卷1B篇
原句：Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.
关键点：段落尾句，26题答案出处
长难句类型：非谓语动词（介词+doing）
主语：
谓语：
表语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写3
老师们让学生参加英语演讲比赛不仅仅是让学生们提高英语，更重要的是想他们学会自信。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
我期待收到你的来信。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
通过加入英语俱乐部，我想提高我的英语口语。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考向3：现在分词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
4. 每天一个高考长难句·Day4
来源：2019高考全国卷3
原句：Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
长难句类型：非谓语动词（现在分词一般式作状语）
主语：
谓语：
表语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写4
他们说着笑着走进剧院。
答案： They entered the theater, saying and smiling.
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5. 每天一个高考长难句·Day5
来源：2020高考全国卷3
原句：Having exercise for years, Ernestine did her first bodybuilding show and won her first competition.
长难句类型：非谓语动词（现在分词完成式作状语）
主语：
谓语：
表语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写5
得知你对中国画感兴趣，所以我现在写信给你邀请你参加我们学校下周天举行的中国画展。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案： Having known that you are interested in Chinese painting , I’m writing to invite you take part in the Chinese painting exhibition to be held in our school next Sunday.
考向4：过去分词在阅读写作长难句中的应用
6. 每天一个高考长难句·Day6
来源：2020高考全国卷3
原句：Also known as “paper paintings” and” painted pictures”， New Year paintings are a unique art form in Chinese folk culture. 年画也被称为“纸画”和“画片”，是中国民间文化的一种独特的艺术形式。
长难句类型：非谓语动词（过去分词作状语）
主语：
谓语：
表语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写6
1）Chinese fancy knots (中国结), also called Chinese knots, are very important in Chinese culture. They began as a form of traditional art in the Tang and Song Dynasties ( 朝 代 ) in China, and became popular in the Ming Dynasty.
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2）相比那些花更多时间在学习上，更少时间在课外活动的人，我在课堂上表现得更好。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Compared with those who spend more time on studies and less time in taking part in after-class activities, I perform better in class.
考向5：with 复合结构和独立主格结构在阅读写作长难句中的应用
7. 每天一个高考长难句·Day6
来源：2020高考全国卷3
原句：With the final exam approaching, we are all busy going over the lessons.
随着期末考试的临近,我们都在忙着复习功课。
长难句类型：非谓语动词（with复合结构）
主语：
谓语：
表语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写7
用with的复合结构改写下面的句子
(1)Our school is surrounded by trees and it is very beautiful.
→　With trees surrounding our school    ,it is very beautiful.
(2)The dough figurine was finished and I was extremely excited.
→　With the dough figurine finished    ,I was extremely excited.
(3)Because there was nothing to do,we set out to play computer games.
→　With nothing to do    ,we set out to play computer games.
(4)Because everything is considered,our new plan is more practical.
→　With everything considered    ,our new plan is more practical.
用with的复合结构翻译下面句子
(5) 随着他们的兴趣被大大激发,我开始教他们如何沏茶。
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　答案：With their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.    
巩固练习：
按要求升级以下各句子
1. While he was writing the book, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own.(现在分词）
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2. When we are faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help.（过去分词）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. As the Earth Day was approaching , a lot of posters were put up around our school to call on us to join in the actions for a greener earth.(with结构）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. I know you have a deep affection for Chinese traditional culture, and I believe it’s well worth a visit.（现在分词）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. As the guide led the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.（独立主格结构）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. For us learning English well is necessary. (不定式）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


答案：
1. While writing the book, Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own.
2. Faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help.
3. With the Earth Day approaching , a lot of posters were put up around our school to call on us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
4. Knowing you have a deep affection for Chinese traditional culture, and I believe it’s well worth a visit.
5. As the guide leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
6. It is necessary for us to learn English well.
利用非谓语动词形式翻译高级句式
1. 享用你的朋友做的每一道菜，并不要忘记赞扬你的朋友提供的美味佳肴。
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2. 为帮助国际学生更好地了解中国茶文化，我们带他们去我校茶室，在那里我向他们介绍茶文化及其历史。
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3. 随着我校一个大型体育馆的建成， 我们学生们可以参加多种体育活动。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. 自从我小时候以来，游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. 没有什么比做运动更重要，所以该我们开始行动参加体育运动。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. 学习半小时之后短暂休息是很明智的。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


7. 他躺在草地上，眼望着天空。
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8. 快餐高脂肪高盐。通过吃更多快餐，人们会在他们的饮食中摄入远比他们所需的更多的盐和脂肪。
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9. 听到这个消息，我们感到很郁闷同时情不自禁地想起我们一起共度的日子。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. 他花了很长时间才获得成为一名舞者所需要的的各项技能。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1. Enjoying every dish means you really appreciate what your friend has done and don’t forget to praise your friend for the delicious food offered by him.
2. To help the international students better understand Chinese tea culture, we took them to the tea room in our school, where I introduced tea culture, and its history.
3. With a large stadium set up in our school,we students can take part in various physical activities.
4. Since I was little, swimming has been my favorite sports.
5. Nothing is more important than doing sports. So it’s time to take action to take part in sports activities.
6. It is wise to take a short break after learning for 30 minutes.
7. He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.
8. Fast food is full of fat and salt, by eating more fast food, people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
9. Hearing the news, we felt really upset and couldn’t help thinking of our days together.
10. It took him a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
拓展练习
一．美句欣赏，判定非谓语动词在句中的功能。
1. In order to get some working experience,I intend to take up a part-time job in a foreign company.
为了获得一些工作经验,我打算在一家外资公司做兼职。
2. On arriving at the tea house    (一到茶馆)the foreign students were impressed by the unique teapots and teacups.
3. So exciting was the news that we couldn't help jumping up.
这个消息如此激动人心,以至于我们都禁不住跳了起来。
4. Absorbed in every move of mine, 　the foreign students were once again amazed    (这些外国学生再次震惊)by this unique culture and they couldn't help taking pictures from time to time.
5. Entering the classroom,Ms.Li was surprised to find we were standing in a line, clapping hands and saying, “Happy Teachers' Day!”
进入教室后,李老师惊讶地发现我们正站成一排,拍着手说:“教师节快乐!”
二．结合括号中的提示,用合适的非谓语动词完成下面的文章
With the homework(1)____________  (finish)last Sunday, I went to the coun-tryside to see my grandfather, (2)________________(have) a good time there. At about 9, I set off and arrived at his home after an hour. When (3)____________________ (see)me, he felt very excited and welcomed me warmly. I passed him the fresh fruit(4)　______________  (buy) in the supermarket quickly and he gave me some candy. Then he took me to a river nearby and taught me how(5) _______________(catch)fish there. (6)_____________ (fix)our attention on fishing, we almost forgot (7)　______________  (have)lunch. It was not long before we caught a lot of fish. (8)　____________  (bring) the fish home, my grandfather cooked some for me. After lunch, I helped him (9)　____________  (clean) the house and he praised me with a big smile. When it was time for me (10)　______________   (leave), my grandfather hugged me, (11)　_____________(give) me some gifts that I liked very much. It was such a beautiful day that I would re-member it forever.


答案：With the homework(1)　finished    (finish)last Sunday, I went to the coun-tryside to see my grandfather, (2)　having    (have) a good time there. At about 9, I set off and arrived at his home after an hour. When (3)　seeing    (see)me, he felt very excited and welcomed me warmly. I passed him the fresh fruit(4)　bought    (buy) in the supermarket quickly and he gave me some candy. Then he took me to a river nearby and taught me how
(5)　to catch    (catch)fish there. (6)　Fixing    (fix)our attention on fishing, we almost forgot (7)　to have    (have)lunch. It was not long before we caught a lot of fish. (8)　Bringing    (bring) the fish home, my grandfather cooked some for me. After lunch, I helped him (9)　(to) clean    (clean) the house and he praised me with a big smile. When it was time for me (10)　to leave    (leave), my grandfather hugged me, (11)　giving    (give) me some gifts that I liked very much. It was such a beautiful day that I would re-member it forever.

三．书面表达。根据下面的信息提示,写一篇100词左右的英语短文。
1.一天赶着去上班的时候,我看到一个人在路边乞讨;
2.心里想着很多事,我没有注意他;
3.他非常生气,用拐杖差一点把我绊倒(trip up);
4.意识到他是一位残疾人,我开始在口袋里找钱给他;
5.我拿出来一张一百元的钞票,突然被风吹到空中;
6.看到这个情景,这位乞丐跳起来追赶钱币,这使我感到非常惊讶。
注意:至少运用三种非谓语动词。
【答案】   
One possible version:
One day,when hurrying to go to work,I saw a man asking for money on the roadside.With many things filling my mind,I paid no attention to him.As a result,he got angry,sticking out his walking stick,which almost tripped me up.Realizing he was a disabled person,I began to search for some money in my pocket to give him.I took out a 100-yuan note,which was suddenly blown into the air by the wind.Seeing that,the beggar jumped up quickly to run after the note,making me so surprised that I stood there with my mouth open.

阅读理解（分析非谓语动词在长难句的应用）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are apps that can help you make a schedule and a budget, take better notes, organize a big project, and stay safe. Check out these apps to get a head-start on being on top of your life!
Flashcards Deluxe
Price: $3.99
Platform: IOS and Android
Flashcards can be a very effective way to study, and Flashcards Deluxe makes creating them very easy. You can input information right into the app, make cards with up to five sides, and even add pictures and sounds to cards. The app can be set to automatically turn off cards that you get correct so you can focus more on the ones you get wrong.
Circle of 6U
Price: free
Platform: Android, IOS
When you’re on a college campus, walking home late at night can be frightening. So, make sure to download Circle of 6U, which helps you feel more secure. Not only does it help you find your location, but it makes communicating with your trusted friends easier. Once you build a network of trusted contacts in the app, it lets you send a pre-edited group message, with your location, to all of them in two taps.
CampusBooks
Price: free
Platform: IOS, Android
The CampusBooks app helps you get the lowest price when you’re buying or renting textbooks, and helps you get the highest price when you’re ready to sell! If you need a book right away, you’ll be shown the closest stores and libraries that have your book in stock.
Dragon Dictation
Price: free
Platform: IOS
Dictating homework and emails to the Dragon Dictation app can save your time! You can send your dictation to a text, email, or paste it into any application. The included editor will suggest words, and the app will improve its accuracy over time as it gets to know your voice. It also works in many languages other than English.
1. Which app can you choose for safety concern?
A. Flashcards Deluxe. B. Circle of 6U.
C. CampusBooks. D. Dragon Dictation.
2. What can Dragon Dictation do?
A. It can add pictures to your email. B. It can save your money on books.
C. It can correct your spelling mistakes. D. It can understand your voice.
3. Who is the text mainly intended for?
A. Students. B. Librarians.
C. Businessmen. D. Programmers.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要针对学生介绍了四款应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Circle of 6U部分中“When you're on a college campus, walking home late at night can be frightening. So, make sure to download Circle of 6 U, which helps you feel more secure.(当你在大学校园里，深夜走回家会很可怕。所以，一定要下载Circle of 6U，这会让你感觉更安全)”可知，出于安全考虑，你可以选择Circle of 6U，它可以让你感觉更安全。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The included editor will suggest words, and the app will improve its accuracy over time as it gets to know your voice.(内置编辑器会提示你的单词，随着时间的推移，它会识别你的声音，从而提高准确性)”可知，Dragon Dictation可以识别、理解你的声音。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Circle of 6U部分中“When you’re on a college campus, walking home late at night can be frightening.(当你在大学校园里，深夜走路回家你可能会很可怕)”以及CampusBooks部分中“The CampusBooks app helps you get the lowest price when you’re buying or renting textbooks, and helps you get the highest price when you’re ready to sell!(当你购买或租借教科书时，CampusBooks应用程序可以帮助你获得最低的价格，当你准备出售时，它帮助你获得最高的价格)”由此可推知，文章主要是写给学生的。故选A。

B
Andrea Yoch loves her adult sons, but would also love not to live with them. This is especially true in the 2, 200-square-foot rental in St. Paul, where she and her husband moved after the boys left their childhood home (a 5,000-square-foot property with a pool). But now Ben, 20, and Ryan, 23 are crammed with their parents in a house where a movie playing in one room can be heard in almost any other.
After her sons showed up due to the lockdown after the Coronavirus crisis struck—Ben from Boston, where he is a college student, and Ryan from New York, where he was starting out as an assistant advertising account executive—Ms. Yoch rushed to set up temporary offices in a bedroom and a basement that now also functions as a super crowded gym. “I would give anything for them to restart their lives,” she said.
As the pandemic continues, Wall Street bankers, Uber drivers, academics, artists and many other adults have given up their independent lives and migrated home. Some fled heavily populated cities for the rural suburban houses where they grew up and for the promise of home-cooked meals and free laundry. Others ended up in downsized spaces designed for empty nesters or in apartments already shared with other family members, such as grandparents or teenage siblings.
Parents caught by the increase of layoffs and canceled contracts found themselves feeding grown children who were in the same position. Mothers who had grown accustomed to freedom were suddenly expected to go back to cooking and cleaning.
“Some parents see this as a welcome surprise, but it can also add a lot of financial stress,” said Lindsey Piegza, chief economist at the investment bank Stifel. “You can’t assume that parents are necessarily in a better-off position than their adult children: a lot of Americans live paycheck to paycheck and don’t have enough savings to accommodate extra people living in their households.”
4. Which word best describes Ms. Yoch’s life with her two sons?
A. Inconvenient. B. Satisfying.
C. Disappointing. D. Exciting.
5. What does the underlined phrase “empty nesters” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. People without jobs. B. Grown-ups with no houses.
C. Children staying abroad. D. Parents with no children around.
6. According to the text, why are some parents unwilling to welcome their children back home?
A. Because they are too busy to take care of them.
B. Because they want their kids to be independent.
C. Because they are in no better financial situation.
D. Because they have already sold or rented out their houses.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. The generation gap between parents and their children.
B. The problems caused by two generations living together.
C. The parents’ life being affected by children in the lockdown.
D. The economic crisis brought about by the deadly Coronavirus.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，冠状病毒爆发后，被隔离的孩子们对家长的生活产生的影响；成年子女因为疫情原因回到家里和父母居住，在生活上及经济上给父母带来了压力。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的“Andrea Yoch loves her adult sons, but would also love not to live with them.”（Andrea Yoch爱她的成年儿子，但也不想和他们住在一起。）和“But now Ben, 20, and Ryan, 23 are crammed with their parents in a house where a movie playing in one room can be heard in almost any other.”（但是现在，20岁的本和23岁的瑞安和他们的父母挤在一间屋子里，一个房间里播放的电影几乎可以在其他房间里听到。），可知Andrea Yoch不想和儿子们住在一起，因为看个电视，声音都能在其他房间里听到，说明他们的生活很不方便。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段中的“As the pandemic continues, Wall Street bankers, Uber drivers, academics, artists and many other adults have given up their independent lives and migrated home.”（随着这一流行病的持续，华尔街银行家、优步司机、学者、艺术家和许多其他成年人都放弃了独立生活，移居家乡。）和“Others ended up in downsized spaces designed for empty nesters or in apartments already shared with other family members, such as grandparents or teenage siblings.”（其他人最终住进了为empty nesters设计的缩小空间，或是已经与其他家庭成员（如祖父母或十几岁的兄弟姐妹）合住的公寓。），可知很多大城市的年轻人放弃独立生活、返回家乡，住在父母的房子里，说明家乡的房子只有父母居住，这种房子一般不大，这些孩子不在身边的父母就是空巢老人，故empty nesters在此处意为“Parents with no children around（孩子不在身边的父母）”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Parents caught by the increase of layoffs and canceled contracts found themselves feeding grown children who were in the same position.”（被裁员和取消合同增的父母发现自己在喂养处于同样境地的成年子女。）和最后一段““Some parents see this as a welcome surprise, but it can also add a lot of financial stress,” said Lindsey Piegza, chief economist at the investment bank Stifel. “You can’t assume that parents are necessarily in a better-off position than their adult children: a lot of Americans live paycheck to paycheck and don’t have enough savings to accommodate extra people living in their households.””（投资银行Stifel首席经济学家Lindsey Piegza说：“一些家长认为这是一个值得欢迎的惊喜，但这也会增加很多经济压力。”。“你不能假设父母的处境必然比成年子女好：很多美国人靠薪水过活，没有足够的储蓄来容纳额外的家庭人口。”），可知疫情影响，父母们也面临被裁员和取消合同，靠薪水过活的他们没有足够的储蓄来容纳额外的家庭人口，可得出有些家长不愿意欢迎孩子回家是因为他们的经济状况也不好。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段用“因为生活不方便，Andrea Yoch不想和儿子们住在一起”引出话题，第二段讲“疫情期间，Andrea Yoch为儿子们在家设立临时办公室，帮助儿子们重新开始生活”，第三四五段讲“受疫情影响，很多大城市的年轻人返回家乡，和父母一起住，给父母带来了经济压力”，由此可知，本文主要讲由于疫情影响而被居家隔离的孩子们对父母生活所产生的影响，C项“父母的生活受到居家隔离的孩子们的影响。”符合文意。故选C项。
C
Space is becoming more crowded. Quite a few low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites have been launched into the sky, which are designed to move around the Earth only a few hundred kilometres above its surface. SpaceX and OneWeb plan to launch LEO satellites in their thousands, not hundreds, to double the total number of satellites in orbit by 2027.
That promises to change things on Earth. LEO satellites can bring Internet connectivity to places where it is still unavailable. This will also be a source of new demand for the space economy. Morgan Stanley, a bank, projects that the space industry will grow from $350 billion in 2016 to more than $1.1 trillion by 2040. New Internet satellites will account for half this increase.
For that to happen, however, three worries must be overcome. Debris (碎片) is the most familiar concern. As long ago as 1978, Donald Kessler, a scientist at NASA, proposed a scenario (设想) in which, when enough satellites were packed into low-Earth orbits, any collision could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all spacecraft in its orbital plane. Solutions exist. One solution is to grab the satellites with problems and pull them down into the Earth’s atmosphere. Another is to monitor space more closely for debris. But technology is only part of the answer. Rules are needed to deal with old satellites safely from low-Earth orbits.
Cyber-security is a second, long-standing worry. Hackers could take control of a satellite and steal intellectual property, redirect data flows or cause a collision. The satellite industry has been slow to respond to such concerns. But as more of the world’s population comes to rely on space for access to the Internet, the need for action intensifies. Measures will surely be taken to protect network security.
The third issue follows from the first two. If a simple mistake or a cyber-attack can cause a chain reaction which wipes out hundreds of billions of dollars of investment, who is responsible for that? Now the plans of firms, wishing to operate large numbers of satellites are being studied. But there is a long way to go before the risks are well understood, let alone priced.
As space becomes more commercialized, mind-bending prospects open up: packages moved across the planet in minutes by rocket rather than by plane, equipment sent to other small planets, passengers launched into orbit and beyond. All that and more may come one day. But such activities would raise the same questions as LEO satellites do. They must be answered before the space economy can truly develop.
8. What can we learn about LEO satellites from the passage?
A. They will limit the space economy
B. They will increase in large numbers.
C. They will move beyond the Earth as far as possible.
D. They will monitor old satellites.
9. What might be one of the purposes of launching LEO satellites?
A. To avoid network attack.
B. To make the Internet accessible to backward areas.
C. To lighten the financial burden of space firms.
D. To accelerate the development of bank industry.
10. According to Kessler, an accidental collision could ________.
A. block low-Earth orbits with packed satellites
B. pull down satellites into Earth’s atmosphere
C. put the disposal of old satellites at high risks
D. bring destruction to spacecraft in the same orbit
11. Which of the following statements might the author agree with?
A. It should be further confirmed for its ownership.
B. It should be continued because of its advantages.
C. It should be done carefully to avoid potential risks.
D. It should be stopped in the face of the space economy.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述太空越来越拥挤，一家名为SpaceX and OneWeb的公司计划在2027前发射成千上万颗近地轨道卫星 ，同时作者也表达了对太空卫星数量剧增而带来的三个安全方面的担忧。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“SpaceX and OneWeb plan to launch LEO satellites in their thousands, not hundreds, to double the total number of satellites in orbit (轨道) by 2027(SpaceX and OneWeb计划发射成千上万颗LEO卫星将使轨道上卫星总数量增加一倍。)”可知， LEO卫星预计将大量增加。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ LEO satellites can bring Internet connectivity to places where it is still unavailable. （LEO卫星可以把互联网连接到仍然无法连接的地方。）”可知，发射LEO卫星的目的之一是让落后地区也能接入互联网。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“any collision could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all spacecraft in its orbital plane.（任何碰撞都可能引起连锁反应，最终摧毁其轨道平面内的所有航天器。）”可知， Kessler认为，一次意外的碰撞可能会对同一轨道上的航天器造成破坏。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“Rules are needed to deal with old satellites safely from low-Earth orbits.(需要有规则来安全地处理来自低地球轨道的旧卫星 )”、第四段最后一句“Measures will surely be taken to protect network security(一定要采取措施保护网络安全)”及文末最后一句“They must be answered before the space economy can truly develop(在空间经济真正发展之前，必须回答这些问题)”可知，关于发射大量的LEO卫星，作者认为应该小心慎行，避免潜在的危险发生。故选C。
D
Alibaba Group will extend its digital operating system to 1.5 million small neighborhood stores in China. Under the so-called Plan W, Alibaba is looking to develop a number of smaller shops with a daily revenue of over 10,000 yuan ($1,456) in lower-tier cities, townships and villages.
The latest move falls under Alibaba’s Ling Shou Tong (LST) business unit, which connects the millions of street stands in China and improves marketing, delivery, and inventory management abilities through digital means. The data-backed retail management system has been designed to digitize the business of millions of mom and pop stores and neighborhood convenience stores.
Alibaba will offer a smart point-of-sale system, some 10,000 new product offerings, and a variety of online touchpoints to help users access offline stores virtually. Alibaba intends to help these mom and pop stores double or even triple their revenue, and they can sell more efficiently, and get flexibility to refill stocks based on their changing needs.
Its POS machine performs every function throughout the retail process and provides real-time suggestions. For instance, it would send out alerts on potential stock shortage, and would recommend cost-effective purchase to enhance the store’s profitability. The machine also collects average selling price for a certain product in the nearby areas, thereby giving references to shop-owners to make informed pricing decisions.
Furthermore, an inventory monitoring system is in operation to give real-time advice on product display. This is coupled with a three-layer warehouse system covering 200 cities and townships to ensure the timely delivery of products, based on geographical shopping preferences that are present in Alibaba’s data book.
Despite slow consumption growth at home and abroad, one in every five small shops surveyed by LST reported they have witnessed positive revenue growth. Average daily revenue surpassed 7,000 yuan, compared with the 3,000 yuan to 5,000 yuan range for average offline stores.
12. Why does Alibaba come up with Plan W?
A. To open 1.5 million small neighbourhood stores in China.
B. To improve supermarkets’ digital operating system in urban areas.
C. To increase revenue of smaller shops through digital means.
D. To move Ling Shou Tong business unit to under-developed areas.
13. How can Alibaba’s POS machine make a difference?
A. By warning possible stock shortage.
B. By increasing profit at a higher price.
C. By comparing prices of a product in different cities.
D. By offering shop-owners advice on bargaining.
14. Which of the following systems functions as a platform where products are distributed punctually?
A. The data-backed retail management system. B. The point-of-sale system.
C. The inventory monitoring system. D. The three-layer warehouse system.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Application of Digital Means to Small Shops B. Real Secrets of Alibaba Group’s Success
C. Great Hope of Street Stands in China D. Possible Ways of Increasing Small Shops’ Profit
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲是阿里巴巴集团将把它的数字操作系统应用到较低级别的城市、乡镇和乡村的小型商店，来帮助他们增加收入。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Alibaba Group will extend its digital operating system to 1.5 million small neighborhood stores in China. Under the so-called Plan W, Alibaba is looking to develop a number of smaller shops with a daily revenue (收入) of over 10,000 yuan ($1,456) in lower-tier cities, townships and villages.(阿里巴巴集团将把其数字操作系统扩展到中国150万家社区小店。在Plan W中，阿里巴巴正计划在较低级别的城市、乡镇和乡村发展一些日收入超过1万元的小型商店)”可知，阿里巴巴提出Plan W的原因是想要通过数字技术增加小商店的收入。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Its POS machine performs every function throughout the retail process and provides real-time suggestions. For instance, it would send out alerts on potential stock shortage(阿里巴巴的POS机能执行零售过程中的所有功能，并提供实时建议，例如，它会发出潜在库存短缺的警报)”可知，阿里巴巴的POS机可以通过发出潜在库存短缺的警报来发挥作用。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This is coupled with a three-layer warehouse system covering 200 cities and townships to ensure the timely delivery of products, based on geographical shopping preferences that are present in Alibaba’s data book.(再加上覆盖200个城市和乡镇的三层仓储体系，根据阿里巴巴数据本中存在的地域购物偏好，保证产品的及时配送)”可知，三层仓储体系作为一个平台，可以让产品准时发货。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Alibaba Group will extend its digital operating system to 1.5 million small neighborhood stores in China.(阿里巴巴集团将把其数字操作系统扩展到中国150万家小型社区商店)”结合文章主要讲的是阿里巴巴集团将把其数字操作系统应用到较低级别的城市、乡镇和乡村的小型商店，来帮助他们增加收入。A项“数字手段在小商店中的应用”，能够概括文章主旨。故选A。