题型二七选五-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法贯通+题型突破（新高考专用）

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Are yu an angry bird? When yu’re angry, yur bdy becmes tense. 1 Here are sme ther simple tricks t chill ut and think when yu get angry.
2 Think like a detective and track dwn clues t the kinds f situatins, peple, and events that set ff yur anger. Once yu’re aware f them, try t avid them if pssible.Even if yu can’t get away frm them, at least yu’ll have mre time t prepare fr them s they dn’t affect yu s negatively. Yu can als think f the situatin as an pprtunity t practice nt getting mad.
G fr a walk.When yu get really angry, walk away frm the surce. A 5-minute walk utside r anther calming activity like yga can be bth great strategies fr dealing with anger. If yur anger arises frm the traffic jam yu’re stuck in, turn up the radi and sing at the tp f yur vice. 3
Write letters. 4 S if yu’re trying t calm dwn fast, grab yur jurnal and write yur feelings all ut. Yu can simply write yur wn feelings r try writing a letter t the persn wh upsets yu. Yu never have t send it and just writing it will help yu feel better.
Talk abut yur anger.It’s nt just writing that helps relieve anger. 5 The trick is nt t unlad yur anger n the persn making yu upset but t release yur pressure by talking with a neutral(中立的) friend, family member, r specialist. A neutral bserver can bring reasnable judgment t the situatin. Yu can even try talking ut lud t yurself abut it.
Nw that yu’ve learned hw t keep yur anger in check, try sme f these little changes that will make yu a happier persn.
A. Cntrl yur temper.
B. Understand yur anger.
C. Expressing it rally can als calm yu dwn greatly.
D. Writing ut yur feelings really des help yu feel better.
E. The idea is t create a mental r physical escape frm the situatin.
F. Deep breathing is just ne f the ways yu can instantly turn a bad md arund.
G. Exercise can help peple lwer their levels f anger and ther negative emtins.
本文主要介绍了处理愤怒情绪的几种手段——理解你的愤怒、散步、写信和谈论你的愤怒。
1.F 考查上下文衔接。本空是一个过渡句。根据空前一句"当你生气的时候,你的身体会变紧张"和空后一句"以下是其他一些在你生气时冷静下来思考的简单技巧"可知,空处讲的应该是人们在生气时常用的让自己平静下来的方法,故F项符合语境。
2.B 考查段落主旨句。本空是中心句。通读本段可知,本段主要建议人们找出自己愤怒的原因以避免它们或准备应对它们,即本段主要讲述的是要理解你的愤怒,所以B项适合作本段的中心句。
3.E 考查总结句。本空是一个段尾句。根据空前内容可知,本段介绍了散步、练瑜伽及在车里大声唱歌等远离愤怒源的方法,这些是让人从精神或身体上摆脱愤怒情形的方法,所以E项符合语境。
4.D 考查上下文衔接。本空是一个过渡句。结合本段的中心句"Write letters"可知,本段主要讲的是人们在生气的时候可以通过写信来释放愤怒,再结合空后一句中的"grab yur jurnal and write yur feelings all ut"可知,空处应是讲写信宣泄感情的好处,所以D项符合语境。
5.C 考查上下文衔接。本空是一个过渡句。本段主要讲的是和别人谈论你的愤怒,结合空前一句"不仅仅是写作帮助缓解愤怒"可知,空处应是介绍另一种缓解愤怒的方式,所以C项"口头表达也很能让你平静下来"符合语境。
Passage 2（2021湖南四校摸底考试）
Being able t cmmunicate effectively with thers is an essential skill fr peple f all ages. 1 Peple wh want t develp thse skills can learn hw t d this frm self-help bks, wrkshps, and the advice f ther peple.
2 Active listening invlves a persn listening carefully and attentively t the persn speaking, restating what the ther persn has said — r what cmes acrss — in a brief and nnjudgmental manner. 3 Becming effective at active listening is ne way t increase trust and understanding in a relatinship, whether it is a persnal r prfessinal ne.
Anther tip fr develping and imprving interpersnal cmmunicatin skills is t use feedback n different types f cmmunicatin. Befre giving speeches and presentatins, it is always well advised t practice them befre an audience and t ask fr feedback befre giving the real speech r presentatin. 4
It is als essential in develping cmmunicatin skills t use apprpriate bdy language and eye cntact. 5 Fr example, using direct eye cntact and bdy language that indicates penness, such as uncrssed arms, can help t get acrss that a persn is ready and willing t listen and t speak penly.
A. It is essential t learn hw t cmmunicate plitely.
B. These nnverbal signals can cnvey the true feelings.
C. Mst peple can benefit frm imprving their cmmunicatin skills.
D. Practicing active listening desn’t mean peple have t emply it cntinuusly.
E. This kind f listening fcuses mre n understanding than n giving advice.
F. By ding s, we can ensure the messages are easily understd and cme acrss as intended.
G. One f the best tips fr develping cmmunicatin skills is t learn and practice effective listening.
本文主要介绍了有效交流的几项技巧——有效聆听、利用好不同类型交流的反馈、使用恰当的肢体语言和眼神接触。
1.C 考查上下文衔接。结合空后一句中的"Peple wh want t develp thse skills can learn hw t d this"可知,空处应提到skills并说明学习这些技巧的好处,因此C项符合语境。
2.G 考查段落主旨句。通读本段可知,本段主要讲的是有效交流的建议之一——有效聆听,又结合下段的中心句中的"Anther tip"可知,tip是关键词,因此G项适合作本段的中心句。
3.E 考查上下文衔接。根据空前的"Active listening invlves a persn listening carefully and attentively t the persn speaking, restating what the ther persn has said"可知,有效聆听更关注的是理解而不是给建议。E项符合语境。
4.F 考查总结句。该段首句提出另一个有效交流的技巧是利用好反馈。空前举例说明了如何获取反馈,故空处应说明利用反馈的好处。F项符合语境。
5.B 考查上下文衔接。空前提到"bdy language and eye cntact",这些都是不用语言表达的。且空后举例说明了使用肢体语言和眼神接触的好处,故空处应是讲述肢体语言和眼神接触这些非语言信号的作用。B项符合语境。
Passage 3（2021四川成都摸底测试）
Tips n Learning a New Language Befre Travelling
Whenever yu travel t a freign place, it is helpful t knw a bit f the lcal language. 1 But speaking the lcal language shws yu care and it will help yu mix with the lcals easily. T learn a language, yu d nt have t take full-time classes. Yu can fllw sme f the tips t pick up sme basics quickly befre that trip.
Practise. The mre yu study the language, the better. 2 Think f it as learning an instrument r training fr a marathn. The amunt f time yu’ll need depends n the language yu’re learning, hw ften yu practise and yur learning style.
3 One gd way t practise is t use the language yu’re learning. And wh is better t speak a language with than a native speaker wh can train yu better and crrect yur mistakes? Find ne n the Internet r in real life and strike up a cnversatin with him r her. There are sme free language exchange websites where yu can find native speakers t practise with. 4
Dwnlad a language app. Yur app stre ffers a large number f ptins fr language learning. Apps like Duling r HiNative can help yu t learn languages quickly. 5 But they are nt necessarily the best chice if yu’re shrt f time and trying t master the basics. They can als help a lt when yu’re struggling t cmmunicate while n vacatin.
A. Speak t native speakers.
B. Cnstantly use the language.
C. Yu can als find a private class t attend.
D. Trips can help make the prcess fun and easy.
E. Learning a language desn’t happen vernight.
F. Thse apps can help yu learn the language effectively.
G. Yu may nt knw hw t prnunce the wrds crrectly.
本文主要介绍了旅行前学习一门新语言的相关建议。
1.G 考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句中的"But"以及空后一句介绍的说当地语言的好处可知,空处讲的应是说当地语言时可能会遇到的困难,与空后形成转折关系,因此G项符合语境。
2.E 考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句"Think f it as learning an instrument r training fr a marathn"可知,学习语言要多付出时间和精力,空处讲的应是学习语言不是一蹴而就的,因此E项符合语境。
3.A 考查段落主旨句。结合本段内容,尤其是"And wh is better t speak a yur mistakes"可知,本段建议和说本地语言的当地人交流,因此A项符合语境。
4.C 考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句可知,可以通过上网找当地人练习交流来学习一门新的语言,结合选项可知,C项"你还可以上私教课(来学习语言)"符合语境。
5.F 考查上下文衔接。根据本段首句以及空前一句可知,该段主要讲利用app学习语言,选项中只有F项提及app,故F项符合语境。
Passage 4（2021贵州贵阳四校联考）
The Value f Hnesty
Accrding t a cmmn saying, "Hnesty is the best plicy." 1 Lying ften seems like a gd way t impress peple r avid blame fr mistakes. Sme peple lie ut f habit, withut even realizing they’re ding it. But despite all these, hnesty is really wrth the effrt.
2 There’s always a chance that the persn yu lied t will find ut the truth. Is the gain frm lying really wrth the risk? Lies are als difficult t hide because they are harder t remember than the truth. If yu make up a stry, yu have t remember all the details. 3 But if yu cmmit t telling the truth, yu will never have truble remembering. This saves yu effrt and makes cnversatins less stressful fr yu.
Anther bvius reasn fr aviding lying is that lying can harm thers. 4 And a lie abut smene else culd destry that persn’s reputatin. On a persnal level, if yur friends find ut yu lied t them, their feelings will be hurt.
On the ther hand, if yu always tell the truth, yu will develp a reputatin fr hnesty. 5 Business deals, friendships and family relatinships all depend n trust.
Hnesty, hwever, desn’t mean that yu have t say everything yu think. Smetimes it’s best t remain silent if yur wrds might hurt smene else. Hnesty means that when yu speak, yu tell the truth withut hlding any infrmatin back. When yu d that, yu will feel mre relaxed and enjy strnger relatinships.
A. Be hnest because yu lve yurself.
B. But in daily life, hnesty can be difficult.
C. This will help yu in every area f yur life.
D. When yu’re hnest, yu dn’t feel s lst all the time.
E. One bvius reasn fr hnesty is that it is difficult t keep lying.
F. And the mre lies yu tell, the mre stries yu have t remember.
G. Peple wh believe yur lies might make bad decisins because f them.
俗语说:诚实为上。但是因为种种原因,在日常生活中能够做到诚实并非易事。尽管如此,诚实依然是值得努力的。本文分析了要做到诚实的原因和好处。
1.B 考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到俗语对诚实的高度评价,空后列举了人们说谎的原因,由此可推知,空处与上文之间为转折关系,故B项承上启下,符合语境。
2.E 考查段落主旨句。本空是段首句,与下段首句中的"Anther bvius reasn" 呼应。结合本段内容可推知,此处应是陈述要诚实的原因之一,所以选E项。
3.F 考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句(如果你编造一个故事,你必须记住所有的细节)可知,F项(你说的谎越多,你要记住的故事就越多)承接上文,所以选F项。
4.G 考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到说谎会伤害别人,空后讲到说关于别人的谎言会毁了那个人的声誉,且根据空后一句中的"And"可知,空处讲的也应是谎言对别人的坏处,所以G项符合语境。
5.C 考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句(商业交易、友谊和家庭关系都依赖于信任)可推知,空处表示诚实对生活的各个方面都大有裨益,所以选C项。
Passage 5（2021河南洛阳统考）
Were yu t give a presentatin with n facial expressin and n bdy language, what d yu think the reactin f yur audience wuld be? 1 yu are nt suppsed t expect yur listeners t enjy yur perfrmance.
2 It is that if yu treat yur audience as if yu were in a cnversatin, their reactin t yu will be psitive. As a cnsequence, if yu smile, they will smile. It is a given(假设事实).
3 They will feel mre in tune with thse that directly reach ut t them and hld their hands, guide them, share their experience and invlvement with smething, and make them feel that they’re the nly peple that thse peple are talking t at that given time.
Hw can yu make yur audience agree with yu? 4 Yur rle as a speaker is t create trust and hnesty nt just with yur wrds but in the way yu deliver thse wrds. It is imprtant t recgnize that when yu have a wnderful message t share with yur audience, unless they believe in yu, then yur wrds are useless. The desire f yur audience t agree with yu can nly ccur when they believe in yu.
This is what happens when yu are pening up t yur audience hnestly. They are getting t knw yu n a certain level. 5 The peple wh want yu t slve their prblems must first trust in yur ability and credibility.
A. If yu are nt a cmedian,
B. Mst audiences like tuchpints.
C. Hw can yu start a cnversatin?
D. What is amazing abut gd public speaking?
E. Even thugh yu can be successful as a speaker,
F. While yu are ding s, yu are building their trust in yu.
G. Yur tne f the presentatin sets the stage fr a reactin f yur audience.
本文主要介绍了做一次成功的公开演讲所需的技能和应当注意的事项。
1.A 考查上下文衔接。分析句子结构可知,空处应为一个从句,符合要求的选项有A和E。结合空后的"你就不要期待你的听众会喜欢你的表现"可知,A项"如果你不是一个喜剧演员"符合语境。
2.D 考查段落主旨句。结合本段中的"如果你像攀谈一样对待听众,他们给你的回应将是积极的。结果,如果你微笑,他们将微笑"可知,本段讲到的是好的公开演讲的特点,且空后的"It is that"对应D项中"What"引导的疑问句,先问后答,所以D项符合语境。
3.B 考查段落主旨句。结合语境可知,空后面出现的"径直伸手握住他们的手,引导他们,分享他们的经历并参与其中"指的就是B项中的tuchpints,所以B项符合语境。
4.G 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了"你如何让你的听众同意你的观点呢",而空后一句则讲到了"你作为演讲者的角色不仅是用你的话语而且还是用你讲述的方式创建信任和诚信",据此可知,空处讲到的应该是你让听众认可你的方式,故G项符合语境。
5.F 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了"他们在某种程度上正在了解你",空后一句则讲到了"想让你解决他们问题的人必须首先相信你的能力和信誉",所以空处讲到的应该是听众对你的信任的建立,故F项符合语境。
Passage 6（2021山东潍坊阶段性监测）
Fr many f us, nthing is better than burying ur head in a gd bk. Whether it’s a crime stry r a bigraphy f smene’s amazing life, it’s gd t read a bk t switch ff frm the distractins f everyday life.
1 It can be educatinal and braden the mind. A gd nvel can make us happy, r make us cry as we sympathize with characters. A list f bks abut "biblitherapy" can be ffered t patients. 2 It’s becme s successful that it’s abut t be extended t children as well.
Prfessr Philip Davis, authr f a bk called Reading fr Life, studied peple in reading grups and fund that it’s reading literature — written wrks thught t have artistic value — that has the best effect. He tld the BBC that when reading smething fr pleasure, " brain begins t wrk frm different parts, and it gets excited and emtinal. 3 "
Of curse, it’s easy fr ur smartphne generatin t abandn a gd bk and play with ur phnes instead. But pening up a paperback culd be a simple way t help maintain ur mental health. 4 And it may allw yu t see that awkward situatin yu’ve been anxius abut fr weeks frm smene else’s pint f view.
5 If the bk list desn’t appeal, yu culd read bk reviews, visit a library r bkshp, r ask a friend. Once yu’ve fund the right text, yu’ll be fascinated!
A. Yu can see the brain cming t life.
B. And yu culd always use an e-reader.
C. Yu can lend it t friends and frget what yu did.
D. It may seem bvius that reading is gd fr us.
E. It’s thught that it can help yu set targets and find fcus.
F. Reading bks is actually being identified as a treatment t sickness.
G. If yu’re nt a cncerned reader, it can be hard t knw where t begin.
本文主要介绍了阅读对我们的好处。阅读富有教育意义,还可以拓宽我们的思维,此外,阅读还可以作为治疗疾病的一种疗法。
1.D 考查段落主旨句。根据本段提到的"阅读是富有教育意义的,它可以帮助拓宽思维以及可以被用于阅读疗法来治疗病人"可知,本段主要讲述的是阅读的好处,故D项适合作本段的主旨句。
2.F 考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句表述的"可提供一份关于‘阅读疗法’的书籍清单给病人(使用)"可知,空处讲到的应该是阅读对治疗疾病的帮助,所以F项符合语境。
3.A 考查上下文衔接。本空出现在双引号中,因此结合双引号里的内容"大脑开始从不同的部分运转,并且变得兴奋和激动"可知,A项"你可以看到大脑变得活跃起来了"符合语境。
4.E 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了"阅读可以帮助我们保持心理健康",而空后一句则讲到了"阅读也许可以让你从别人的视角看待你连续几周来所焦虑的尴尬处境",根据空后的"And"可知,空处讲到的也应该是阅读对我们心理的好处,故E项符合语境。
5.G 考查上下文衔接。空后一句讲的是"如果这个书单没有吸引力,你可以阅读书评,去图书馆或书店,或询问朋友",与G项中的"it can be hard t knw where t begin"呼应,故选G项。
Passage 7（2020河北石家庄摸底考试）
Many peple believe that there is sme truth in the saying "Laughter is the best medicine." 1 Laughter helps relieve pain, strengthen the immune system and reduce stress. Laughter stimulates(刺激)hrmnes which make us feel happy. Laughter als increases the flw f bld thrughut the bdy and has benefits which are similar t the nes yu get by ding exercise.
2 Children expsed t funny films and cartns befre majr medical prcedures are able t cpe better with pain and anxiety. 3 These are prfessinal clwns wh are sent t hspitals and wards t entertain and distract sick children.
Laughter therapy has becme very ppular in recent years and as a result, mre and mre laughter clubs are starting t pen up in cities and twns all ver the wrld. At a laughter sessin, a trained therapist instructs the grup t perfrm a series f exercises which are designed t prduce laughter. 4 And it takes them sme time t get rid f their inhibitins(拘谨). They might even start ff with fake laughter, but this desn’t matter because ur bdies can’t tell the difference, and the results are the same. Mrever,laughter is cntagius(有感染力的). 5
S next time yu feel ill, stressed ut r depressed, try watching a funny film r try remembering an amusing incident in yur life. Yu will sn feel better.
A. If ne persn starts giggling, it is unavidable that everyne else will be drawn in.
B. Laughter helps yu fcus.
C. This finding has led t s-called clwn dctrs.
D. In fact, research dne by scientists has shwn that laughter has a lt f health benefits.
E. Laughter makes the wrld a better and mre clrful place.
F. Sme peple may find the idea embarrassing at first.
G. Using laughter therapy in children’s hspitals has prven t be invaluable.
笑对人体健康有诸多好处。笑疗法已经证明对健康有许多好处,世界各地的笑声俱乐部越来越多。
1.D 根据空前的"Laughter is the best medicine"和空后的内容可知,笑是最好的药,笑对人体健康有诸多好处,故D项"实际上,科学家所做的研究已经表明笑有很多健康益处"符合语境,承上启下。
2.G 根据空后一句可知,孩子在重大的医疗手术之前,看滑稽的电影和卡通片能够更好地应付痛苦和焦虑,故G项"在儿童医院使用笑疗法已经证明是非常有用的"符合语境,且该项中的"children’s hspitals"与空后的"Children" "medical prcedures"呼应。
3.C 根据空后的内容可知,这些都是专业的小丑,他们被派往医院和病房去逗乐生病的孩子,分散他们的注意力,故C项"这一调查结果导致了所谓的小丑医生(的诞生)"符合语境。
4.F 根据空后的"their inhibitins(拘谨)"可知, F项"刚开始一些人可能会觉得这个主意让人难为情"符合语境, 衔接下文。
5.A 根据空前一句可知,笑声是有感染力的,故A项"如果一个人开始咯咯地笑,其他所有人也会无法避免地跟着笑"符合语境,承接上文。
Passage 8（2020山西太原阶段性测评）
We all agree that we shuld recycle things mre at hme, in the ffice r in ther places. 1 Cnsequently, they can be cllected and taken t the right place fr recycling. This is what the prcess f srting allws us t d.
2 And the effective srting needs t happen first in ur wn hme, and secnd in srting plants where waste is cllected.When yu put a plastic bttle in the right recycling bag r bin, yu help srt recyclable things s that the right material can be fed int the right recycling prcess. If srting des nt happen, a lt f recyclable materials can end up in landfills(废物填埋地). It will lead t the lss f resurces.
3 Fr instance, in Brussels cnsumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartns in blue bags designed fr recyclable packaging; paper in yellw bags fr recycling; and glass in specific cllectin bins. Smewhat differently, in Vienna(Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic t be separately cllected in different weeks. 4
Once recyclable materials are cllected frm yur hme, they are further srted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality f the recycling prcess. 5 Traditinally, srting has been dne either manually with wrkers srting what can be recycled and picking ut the materials t be discarded r mechanically. Tday, new srting technlgies are being develped nt nly t speed up the prcess f srting but als t cause better results. Exciting technlgies using magnets(磁铁) r ptical systems are being used t effectively srt materials s mre f them can be recycled.
A. Fr effective recycling we need effective srting.
B. Packaging is the first step twards recycling.
C. This is where different srting techniques cme int play.
D. S citizens need t be aware f their lcal cllectin system.
E. Cllectin systems can be very different frm cuntry t cuntry.
F. The rest were buried r burned even thugh they culd have been recycled r reused.
G. But fr materials t be recycled, they first need t find their way t the right waste bin.
回收利用时分类很重要,各个国家的废品收集系统可能大不相同,因此居民需要了解当地的收集系统。现在,一些新的分类技术正在被研发。
1.G 根据空后的"Cnsequently"可知,空后讲"结果",则空处应是讲"原因",G项"但是对要回收利用的材料来说,它们首先需要找到通往恰当的垃圾箱的路"符合语境,与空后一句"因此它们才能被收集并被带到恰当的地方进行回收利用"逻辑关系紧密。故选G项。
2.A 上段讲了回收利用和垃圾分类,本段讲的是有效的垃圾分类,故此空应填一个过渡句。A项中的"recycling"对应上文中的"recycling","effective srting"与空后的"the effective srting"呼应。故选A项。
3.E 本段通过列举比利时的首都布鲁塞尔和奥地利的首都维也纳这两个城市不同的收集废品的方法,表明各国收集废品的方法可能不同,E项"不同国家的(废品)收集系统可能大不相同"可概括本段内容。故选E项。
4.D 空处为段落尾句,起总结该段内容的作用。该段讲的是各个国家的废品收集系统可能大不相同,因此,居民需要了解当地的收集系统。D项中的"cllectin system"与本段内容相照应。故选D项。
5.C 空前讲到可回收材料在专用的设备中进行进一步的分类,空后是说垃圾分类有人工分类和机器分类两种,C项"这就是不同的分类技术开始起作用的地方"衔接前后内容。故选C项。
【能力提升】
Passage 1（2020全国Ш）
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party.The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 36 And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.
37 Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stre r stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
38 This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served.There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party.The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 39
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 40 Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F. The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G. This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
本文主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及名字的由来。
36.E 本空是过渡句。结合空前一句"The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme"和空后一句"And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents"可知,空处讲的应是举办乔迁聚会的意义,因此E项符合语境。
37.B 本空是段落主旨句。结合本段中的"a gd husewarming gift... r a plant"可知,本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会是一个传统,因此B项符合语境。
38.C 本空是过渡句。根据空后一句"This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn’t a lt f fd served"可知,空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享,故C项符合语境。
39.A 本空是段尾句。根据空前一句及常识可知,在乔迁聚会上,主人让客人帮忙打开箱子这种事不常见,所以A项符合语境。
40.G 本空是过渡句。结合上文中的"bring firewd t a new hme as a gift"和空后一句"Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn’t use fires t keep warm"可知,空处应与取暖相关,故G项符合语境。
Passage 2（2020新高考Ι(山东)）
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking. 16 D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften, when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the "public" at the expense f the "speaking". 17 Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne. 18
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker. 19 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
20 It’s rare t hear smene say, "I wish that speaker had spken lnger." On the ther hand, yu prbably can’t cunt the times that yu’ve thught, "I’m glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!" S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It’s better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners.
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
本文主要介绍了成为优秀的演讲者必须掌握的几个准则,即注意和听众互动,不要太过在意犯小错误,不断练习,简化演讲内容等。
16.G 上文提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋,下文陈述了成为优秀演讲者应掌握的准则。据此可以判断,空处起承上启下的作用,说明大部分人因为经过训练才可以成为演讲者,故G项正确。
17.A 根据上文可知,很多时候,当你站起来演讲时,你会把注意力放在"听众"身上,而不是"演讲"上,下文提到要把注意力放在演讲上,直接和你的听众交谈,做你自己并建立联系。据此可以判断,空处与上句构成转折关系,故A项正确。
18.C 根据上文中的"S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne"可知,当你犯错时不要停止演讲,除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知,空处承接上文,说明犯小错误时不必道歉,故C项正确。
19.B 根据上文中的"Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker"可知,你的目标不是成为一个完美的演讲者。据此可知,空处与此对应,说明你的目标是要成为有效的演讲者,故选B项。
20.D 根据全文结构可知,空处为该段的主题句。结合下文中的"It’s rare t hear smene say, ‘I wish that speaker had spken lnger.’" "Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated"可知,本段讲述的主要内容是:使你的演讲短一些,故D项最能概括本段内容。
Passage 3（2020北京）
Many peple think that psitive thinking is mstly abut keeping ne’s head in the sand and ignring daily prblems, trying t lk ptimistic. In reality it has mre t d with the way an individual talks t himself. Self-talk is a cnstant stream f thughts f a persn, wh is ften unaware and uncertain f sme events, phenmena, peple, r even the persn himself. 46 Meanwhile, psitive thinking can help t stp negative self-talks and start t frm a psitive view n an issue. Peple wh regularly practise psitive thinking tend t slve prblems mre effectively. They are less expsed t stress caused by external factrs. They tend t believe in themselves and in what they d.
47 Peple wh think psitively demnstrate increased life spans(寿命), lwer rates f depressin and anxiety, better physical and psychlgical health, reduced risks f death frm heart prblems. Psitive thinking als cntributes t ne’s ability t deal with prblems and hardships. 48 Fr example, researchers have fund that in the case f a crisis accmpanied by strng emtins, such as a natural disaster, psitive thinking can prvide a srt f buffer(缓冲作用) against depressin and anxiety. Resilient(适应性强的) peple wh think psitively tend t treat every prblem as a challenge, a chance fr imprvement f any kind, r as an pprtunity fr persnal grwth. Pessimists, n the cntrary, tend t perceive prblems as a surce f additinal stress. 49
In cnclusin, psitive thinking is a pwerful and effective tl fr dealing with hard times and imprving the quality f ne’s life. It desn’t have anything t d with ignrant ptimism when an individual refuses t ntice a prblem. 50 Thinking in a psitive, self-encuraging way brings abut many benefits t ne’s physical and mental health.
A. It desn’t cause any severe emtinal discmfrt, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-cnfidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps ne t remain clear-headed and cnfident in difficult situatins.
D. Psitive thinking has several beneficial effects n the bdy and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual’s behaviur and habits change as well.
F. They ften ffer a real alternative t the cmmn and regular way f thinking.
G. They ften feel discuraged lng befre trying t slve the prblem, even if small.
本文主要介绍了积极思维会给人们带来积极的影响。积极思维对人们的身心健康都有好处,它是一种人们应对艰难时刻和改善生活质量的强大而有效的工具。
46.B 考查上下文衔接。空前介绍了自言自语的定义,空后一句讲到了"同时,积极思维可以帮助阻止消极的自言自语,帮助(人们)对问题开始形成积极的看法",据此可知,空处讲到的应该是消极的自言自语可能带来的危害,因此B项符合语境。
47.D 考查上下文衔接。结合下文可知,空后一句讲到了积极思考的人更长寿、不易抑郁和焦虑、身体和心理健康状况更好以及死于心脏问题的风险也小,即主要讲述了积极思维对身心的几项好处,所以D项符合语境。
48.C 考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲到了积极思维的好处;再结合下文中的举例可知,研究者发现在伴随强烈情感的危机情况下,积极思维可以给人们提供抵抗抑郁和焦虑的一种缓冲,据此可知,空处是讲积极思维在困难情况下的作用,所以C项符合语境。
49.G 考查上下文衔接。结合空前一句"相反,悲观主义者倾向于把问题看作额外压力的来源"可知,本空讲到的应该是这样做的危害和影响,所以G项符合语境。
50.A 考查上下文衔接。结合本段中心句可知,本段主要总结了积极思维对人们的用处,且A项在句式上与前一句类似,故A项符合语境。
Passage 4（2020新高考Ⅱ(海南)）
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and give yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn’t be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu. 36
●Stay psitive.
G t yur dctr’s ffice with a gd attitude. 37 Think teamwrk! Think psitive!
●Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
38 This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms(症状) and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu’ve felt that way.
● 39
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic(过敏) t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
●Ask questins.
D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr’s ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment. 40 Remember — there’s n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn’t understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn’t wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr’s visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
E. Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.
F. Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.
G. Writing dwn what the dctr says will help yu remember imprtant infrmatin.
本文主要讲述了与医生高效交流的几种方法——保持积极心态、跟踪记录个人感受、携带病历、提问问题。
36.B 考查上下文衔接。空前讲到和你的医生自在地交谈可使你感觉好些,并让医生了解你的信息,从而给你最好的治疗,并且不要因谈论困扰你的问题而感到害怕或尴尬,而下文是具体的做法,故B项符合语境。
37.E 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到"去医生办公室的时候,要保持好的态度",空后则讲到"想想团队协作,想想好的一面",故E项符合语境。
38.D 考查上下文衔接。本段小标题讲的是"跟踪记录个人感受",空后一句则讲到了你这么做的话,当医生问你的症状和药物给你带来的感受时,你就可以更轻松地给出答案了,因此该空讲的应该是具体的做法,即记录自己的感受,故D项符合语境。
39.F 考查段落主旨句。本段主要涉及对病历的介绍,故F项适合作本段的小标题。
40.A 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到当你不在医生办公室的时候,写下你所有的问题,随身带着这些问题的清单去问诊,而空后一句则讲到没有什么问题是愚蠢的问题,因此该空讲的应该是写下问题的好处,故A项符合语境。
Passage 5（2019全国Ⅱ）
Imagine a child standing n a diving bard fur feet high and asking himself the questin: "Shuld I jump?" This is what mtivatin r the lack f it can d. Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f the same cin. 36 Like the child n the diving bard, yu will stay undecided.
37 Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk. 38 S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity(清晰) f thughts can help yu mve frward.
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. 39 They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh. 40 Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
Yu will surely need t vercme sme difficulties, sme planned, but mst unplanned.Yu cannt vercme them withut ample mtivatin. Make sure that yu plan fr these difficulties at the time f setting yur gals.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin, yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.
没有动力,你既无法设定目标,也无法实现目标。本文就如何保持动力来实现自己的目标提出了一些建议。
36.G 根据空前一句"Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f the same cin"可知,此处在讲动力和设定目标之间的关系,故G项"没有动力,你既无法设定目标,也无法实现目标"符合语境。
37.B 第一段阐述了动力和设定目标之间的关系,结合空后的"Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal"可知,空处与空后内容形成递进关系,且句式保持一致,故B项符合语境。
38.A 空前讲有时候你的心思并不在工作上,由此可知,空处应选A项"这会影响你的工作"。
39.E 根据空前一句中的"gals are flexible"可知,目标是可变动的,因此E项"它们可以根据情况发生改变"符合语境。
40.C 空前一句说你可能想当飞行员,但因为视力不够好,你不能成为飞行员。再结合空后一句中的"reassess yur a fresh gal"可知,C项符合语境。
Passage 6（2019浙江）
Rck music cnsists f many different styles. Even thugh there is a cmmn spirit amng all music grups, they make very different music. 31 At that time the Beatles entered the wrld f music frm Liverpl.
After they were given an invitatin t appear live n BBC, the Beatles quickly became famus in Britain with natinwide turs. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely ppular in England. 32 They held large cncerts and perfrmed at clubs. They became the httest thing n the pp music scene in England. They began as a mdestly successful musician grup and ended the year as shw business legends(传说). Jhn Lennn and Paul McCartney were named cmpsers f the year.
33 They were nt sure hw the Americans wuld react t the new type f music.Beatlemania hit New Yrk n February 7, 1964. Hundreds f fans jammed the airprt t greet them. 34 The cncert was bradcast live and attracted the largest ne night audience in the histry f televisin up t that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasin(入侵) by lcal and natinwide newspapers at that time. Their victry in America was still remembered as a majr turning pint in the histry f rck and rll. Thanks t the Beatles, a lt f pprtunities were pened up t new faces n the market. 35
A. They decided n a tur t the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became majr trends at that time.
C. Rck music develped in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. Hwever, their sngs changed the lives f generatins t cme.
E. Many rck bands were able t fllw in the ftsteps f the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day’s Night (1964) and Help!(1965).
G. They perfrmed their first cncert in America at CBS televisin’s 53rd street studi.
本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了摇滚乐的发展历史和披头士的成功之路。
31.C 根据下文中的"At that time"可知,此处讲述的应是摇滚乐在二十世纪五十年代和六十年代早期的发展,故选C项。
32.B 根据上文中的"ppular in England"可知,披头士在英国很受欢迎,而根据B项中的"Even their hairstyles became majr trends"可知,甚至他们的发型也成了主流,与上文构成递进关系,故选B项。
33.A 根据空后内容可知,他们不知道美国人对这种新型音乐会有什么反应,由此可知,A项"1964年他们决定去美国巡演"引出下文,故选A项。
34.G 根据下文中的"The cncert was bradcast time"可知,空处讲的应是有关音乐会的情况,故选G项。
35.E 根据上文中的"Their lt f pprtunities were pened "可知,披头士的成功激励了后来的乐队,推动了摇滚乐的发展,为新面孔提供了机会,E项承接上文,故选E项。
Passage 7（2018全国Ш）
Befre there was the written wrd, there was the language f dance. Dance expresses lve and hate, jy and srrw, life and death, and everything else in between.
36 We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, ffice parties and just t fill the time.
"I adre dancing," says Lester Bridges, the wner f a dance studi in Iwa. "I can’t imagine ding anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes fr all ages. "Teaching dance is wnderful. 37 It’s great t watch them. Fr many f them, it’s a way f meeting peple and having a scial life."
38 "I can tell yu abut ne yung cuple," says Bridges. "They’re learning t d traditinal dances. They arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 "
S, d we dance in rder t make urselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the pattern f a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want t get better and better. 40 I find it hard t stp! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."
A. S why d we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If yu like dancing utdrs, cme t America.
D. My lder students say it makes them feel yung.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems t change their feeling cmpletely.
G. They stayed up all night lng singing and dancing.
舞蹈传递着人们的爱与恨、乐与悲、生与死……
36.B 空处为本段主旨句。根据本段内容可知,本段主要描述了在美国,舞蹈无处不在,故选B项。
37.D 根据空前一句"Teaching dance is wnderful"可知,下文应与教别人跳舞有关,又根据空后一句"It’s great t watch them"中的"them"可知,空处讲的应是学生们的有关情况,故选D项。
38.A 本段主要讲了跳舞之后心情会变好,由此可知,空处应是提出问题,与下文构成因果关系。故选A项。
39.F 此处表示跳过舞后心情会变好,再根据上文中的"ne yung cuple"可知,F项中的their与之相照应,故选F项。
40.E 根据空前的"I want t get better and better"及空后的"I find it hard t stp"可知,空处应表明Andrea Hillier对舞蹈的热爱,且应用第一人称,故选E项。
Passage 8（2018北京）
Why D We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes f anger are varius.Knwing these causes can make us examine ur behavir, and crrect bad habits.The main reasns we get angry are triggering(触发) events, persnality traits(特征), and ur assessment f situatins. 51
Triggering events fr anger are s many that t describe them all wuld take hundreds f pages. Hwever, here are sme examples: being cut ff in traffic, a deadline appraching, experiencing physical pain, and much mre. 52 The reasn why smene is triggered by smething and thers are nt is ften due t ne’s persnal histry and psychlgical traits.
Each persn, n matter wh they are, has psychlgical imbalances. Peple wh have persnality traits that cnnect with cmpetitiveness and lw upset tlerance are much mre likely t get angry. 53 Als, smetimes pre-anger des nt have t d with a lasting cnditin, but rather a temprary state befre a triggering event has ccurred.
54 Smetimes even rutine ccurrences becme surces f pre-anger, r anger itself. Smetimes ignrance and negative(消极的) utlks n situatins can create anger.
55 Hwever, anger can easily turn vilent, and it is best t knw the reasns fr anger t appear in rder t prevent its presence. With these main reasns in mind, we can evaluate ur level f anger thrughut the day and prevent cases f utbursts by cmprehending the reasns fr ur feelings.
A. Our attitude and viewpint n situatins can create anger within us as well.
B. But sme types f situatins can help us t get rid f the ccurrence f anger.
C. Anger is rarely lked upn as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised t reduce it.
D. Anger is a particularly strng feeling and maybe peple think that they have reasns t feel angry.
E. Having these persnality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the backgrund f yur mind.
F. Understanding these reasns will cntrl ur wn anger if we are willing t evaluate urselves with a critical eye.
G. Nt everyne acts the same in respnse t events, and that is why what triggers ne persn may r may nt trigger anther.
本文是说明文,主要介绍了人为什么生气。
51.F 根据空前一句"The main reasns we get angry are triggering(触发) events, persnality traits(特征), and ur assessment f situatins"以及下文的内容可知,空处的内容与上文列举的几条生气的主要原因有关。因此F项符合语境。
52.G 根据空后的"The reasn why smene is triggered by smething and thers are nt is ften due t ne’s persnal histry and psychlgical traits"可知,每个人对触发事件的反应是不一样的。G项所表述的内容与之相呼应。
53.E E项中的"these persnality traits"和"pre-anger"分别与上文中的"persnality traits"和下文中的"pre-anger"相呼应。
54.A 根据该段中的"Smetimes ignrance and negative(消极的) utlks n situatins can create anger"可知,空处表达的是我们的态度和对形势的看法可能会引发愤怒。因此本空选A项。
55.D 根据空后的"Hwever, anger can easily turn vilent, and it is best t knw the reasns fr anger t appear in rder t prevent its presence"可知,空处与下文之间为转折关系。因此本空选D项。