专题08 不能用被动语态的N种场合+七选五+语法填空终极押题—2022年高考英语考前必做 必看系列

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专题08 不能用于被动语态的N种场合+七选五+语法填空终极押题—2022年高考英语考前必做必看系列 原卷版 专题08 不能用于被动语态的N种场合(高考高频考点，识别标志并区分谓语还是非谓语是关键)【考点精讲】要点精讲1：“系动词+表语”结构中系动词主动形式表示被动意义。这些系动词分三类：①感官类系动词：look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell②变化类系动词：become, turn, come, go, fall, get③保持证明类系动词：stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out要点精讲2：write, read, sell, wear, wash, open, shut等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性，多用于“动词+副词”结构，常用主动形式表被动意义。要点精讲3：某些动词(短语)相当于不及物动词，不接宾语，不能用于被动语态；作定语应用-ing形式。如happen发生, occur发生, exist存在，come out出版, come into being产生, come about发生, take place举行；发生；break out爆发, belong to属于, date from=date back to追溯到, arise from由……引起, run out用光，consist of由……组成，pay off努力得到回报，catch fire着火等。要点精讲4：measure, weigh表示“测量起来，称重起来”，后接短语主动表被动；be worth doing, want/need/require doing中动名词主动表被动；be to blame表示“该受到责备”也是主动表被动。要点精讲5：在“be+形容词+不定式短语”结构中，不定式主动形式表被动意义。【考点精炼一】基础题：单句填空题在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。1. Good medicine ____________(taste) bitter to the mouth. 2. Great changes __________(take) place in the rural areas in the past decade.3. This proverb is based on an old English law ____________(date) back to the 17th century.4. The water __________(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.5. In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant ________ (deal) with. 6. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ___________ (belong) to the well-educated.7. Now it __________(occur) to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.8. ---Why did you make the kite of cloth instead of paper?---Because paper ________(tear) easily.9. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need ___________ (repair).10. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _________ (breathe). 【参考答案】 【考点精炼一】拔高题：单句填空题在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。11. (2021浙江6月)It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ____________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.12. (2020全国II)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ______________ (care) for and make great presents.13. (2020天津)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______________ (remain) around that level since.14. (2019全国I)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______________ (perform) consistently over a large area.15. The flowers _________ (smell) sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.  16. --- What do you think of my new T-shirt?--- I am sure it __________(wear) very well and keeps its shape.17. The number of road accidents and the deaths ____________(arise) from those accidents has increased over the past year. 18. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one __________ (blame).19. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ___________ (weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 20. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier __________ (break) into small pieces.【参考答案】 【考点精炼三】变式题：单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，或多一词、或少一词或错一词。21. Finally, that hard work was paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner than ever.22. He thought that the whole world was belonged to him.23. The crash was occurred when the crew shut down the wrong engine. 24. To our surprise, the team consists of five boys won the game.25. What he had said at the meeting was proved true.【参考答案】 【考点精炼四】2022高考英语七选五终极押题02 食物过敏增加的原因及应对策略Do you love food? Whether you’re a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means that eating certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncommon.    16    An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in the environment.   17     It means that people have to follow strict dietary restrictions, otherwise their lives may be put at risk. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years… there are much more serious allergic problems around now than there were.”   18     Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reaction from eating a piece of bread containing peanuts. This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children.   19     Dr. Alexandra Santos from King’s College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.”So what might be the cause? Dr. Santos says, the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them.   20     She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respond. She points out that it’s very common for migrants who move to another country to develop food allergies in their new location.A. It seems to be more environmental.B. A food allergy can affect you at any age.C. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions.D. Yet in fact, food allergies are affecting more and more of us.E. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain food.F. A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that’s not easy.G. We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products or to nuts.  02 科学家将记忆植入鸟类的大脑Scientists have implanted memories into the brains of birds, helping young zebra finches to learn a song normally taught to them by their fathers. 16     Like humans, zebra finches learn how to vocalize by imitating their parents. By listening to them sing, young birds memorize the notes.“17    .” Todd Roberts, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, told Newsweek. “In fact, there are amazing similarities between songbirds learning their song and the early stages of speech learning."Roberts, together with colleagues, used “optogenetic manipulation"— where light is used to monitor and control brain activity—to guide the learning of songs. 18       In this way, memories of syllables of a song were created—the length of a note agrees with the length of light exposure.As a result, they guided the learning of the zebra finch with these implanted memories. Their findings are published in the journal Science.“We learn many behaviors during development by copying the behavior of our parents, older siblings or teachers. 19    But our research in young songbirds shows that select synapses connecting sensory and motor circuits play a powerful role in laying down these types of memories and that activation of these connections in the brain can help form memories that can guide learning. We were very surprised by the outcome of our experiments," Roberts said.Roberts said it is unlikely that a similar approach could be used in humans to implant memories.20     However, he did say that understanding these pathways could help us understand conditions where developmental disorders cause speech problems.A．They are active throughout the day.B．Songbirds provide an excellent model.C．Such experiments would give rise to debate.D．The brain activities involved in this are still poorly understood.E. They controlled the interactions between two regions of the brainF. It may not be too many years before the measurements of brain activity.G. The breakthrough has given an insight into the development of vocal learning.    03 登山遐想与感悟Now I live in Paris. Actually, I don't mind the food or the people, but I do care about the land that is extraordinarily lack of characteristics of hiking. I enjoy being outdoors and hiking, but Paris's natural resources don't hold much potential for my bent. So when my dad asked if I wanted to go hiking with him, I was overjoyed.   36    .It turned out that I was too optimistic.We started our main hike up Flattop Mountain. As we hiked it was much more challenging than I expected.  37  . The path is winding and we saw mountains towering over the green valleys and cliffs that seemed endless. What amazed me most was that thick clouds enveloped the mountainsides.  38  I stared up at the top to see how much farther we had to go and I began to worry that I wouldn’t finish it．   39    ． It made me doubtful about my persistence（坚持）. But when we looked back at the path that faded in the distance, I was filled with fulfillment with seeing how much we had done.As I was hiking, I started to reflect on how hiking was similar to other aspects of my life.  40    . It reminded me of my struggles in my classes and the difficulties I had too overcome. I spotted that the process of learning isn't always the most fun, but the fulfillment after seeing how much I had finished just increases the thirst for knowledge, causing me to long for more learning. Looking down at the mountain I was content but never fully satisfied. Having considered a lot， I was determined to pursue the summit（山顶）.A. Hiking could make me flyB. Hiking gave time for my mind to wanderC.I thought I would finish the journey with easeD. But I was shocked at the beauty surrounding meE.I was satisfied with the landscape along the wayF. It was unlike anything I had ever witnessed beforeG. A recent ankle injury had left me unsure of my physical capabilities 【考点精炼五】2022高考英语语法填空终极押题01 新360行之营养师职业The field of nutrition can be divided into three main settings in which dieticians (营养师) and nutritionists can work. ____56____ (register) dieticians and nutritionists can work in clinics, in the community, and in management. In clinics, they work ____57____ (individual) with patients and their families. They evaluate, plan, and make dietary strategies and nutritional treatments ____58____ are concentrated on improving varieties of medical problems such as high blood pressure and obesity. In addition, dieticians and nutritionists in this setting, come up ____59____ plans to help patients to improve their diets and appetite, like cancer patients ____60____ (receive) chemical treatments. In the community, dieticians and nutritionists work in health and recreational ____61____ (center). They work with and target specific populations such as the elderly or children. The goal of this targeting ____62____ (be) to inform the public and make new plans ____63____ (achieve) healthier lifestyles. Lastly, dieticians and nutritionists can work in management. They may work in ____64____ (vary) large-scale food-service operations that feed the community. They are needed in these settings to help maintain _____65_____ better the performance of these operations through food sourcing, long-term budgeting, and menu planning.02 流失海外68件文化遗产回归祖国After being abroad for decades, 68 Chinese cultural relics ____41____ (lose) to the United Kingdom recently returned to their homeland thanks to the joint efforts of the two countries. These relics, ____42____ (date) from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qing Dynasty, included a variety of items, most of ____43____ are plates, vases, and figurines.Among the returned relics there are ____44____ large number of bluish white porcelain of the Song Dynasty. Archaeologists believe that these wares (陶器) ____45____ (make) in Jingdezhen Kiln, Jinxi Kiln in Jiangxi province and Fanchang Kiln in Anhui province. The wares not only reflect the spread of bluish white porcelain-making technique, ____46____ also the social and economic development and commercial prosperity in the Song Dynasty.____47____ (general), they are very well preserved and in good shape and many of them are of great value for historical and ____48____ (science) studies.However, the process of getting the relics home was not easy. In 1995 over 3,000 relics were smuggled to UK. Due to a local ____49____ (buyer) unwillingness to negotiate, these 68 relics had to remain impounded by British police. But Chinese authorities never stopped their efforts and ____50____ (stay) in close contact with the embassy. After many negotiations during the past 25 years, the relics were finally returned.41. lost 42. dating 43. which 44. a 45. were made 46. but 47. Generally 48. scientific 49. buyer’s 50. stayed 03 大学毕业生找工作花销开支惊人Nowadays college graduates spend more and more money on job hunting. According to a recent survey, almost every graduate ____41____ (spend) some money on finding a job. And clothing, transportation, resumes producing and training ____42____ (expensive) are the main aspects that cost them a lot of money.As to this phenomenon, different people have different views. Some say it is necessary for graduates to spend money on ____43____ (produce) embellished resumes and buying suitable clothes, ____44____ can give interviewers a good impression and increase their chance of success. ____45____, others don’t think so. They argue that the high expenditure can increase their parents’ financial burden since most students have no regular income. Apart from that, the ____46____ (decorate) resumes do little help to find a job ____47____ most HR managers pay more attention to skills.In my opinion, there is ____48____ wrong for graduates to invest some money on job hunting. But they should bear ____49____ mind that it is their knowledge, skills as well as experience that matter a lot. So they must have____50____ rational attitude toward what they should buy and how much money they should spend.