专题07 备战2022高考英语阅读题型专项精讲精练之七大重点句

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（一）
Wd says the design ffers a new way t study flight mechanics and cntrl at insect-scale. Yet, the pwer, sensing and cmputatin technlgies n bard culd have much brader applicatins. “Yu can start thinking abut using them t answer pen scientific questins, yu knw, t study bilgy in ways that wuld be difficult with the animals, but using these rbts instead,” he said. “S there are a lt f technlgies and pen interesting scientific questins that are really what drive us n a day-t-day basis.”
1：Which f the fllwing can be learned frm the paragraph?
A.Wd's design can replace animals in sme experiments.
B.Animals are nt allwed in bilgical experiments.
C.The rbtic fly is designed t learn abut insects.
D.There used t be few ways t study hw insects fly.
【解析】
考点：七大重点句。根据最后一段中“Yu can start thinking abut using them t answer pen scientific questins, yu knw, t study bilgy in ways that wuld be difficult with the animals, but using these rbts instead,” he said.(他说:“你可以开始考虑用它们来回答开放式的科学问题,你知道,用动物很难做到的方式来研究生物学,但可以用这些机器人来代替。”)可知伍德的设计可以在某些实验中代替动物。故选A项。
（二）
Sharn Okpe has lived her entire 17 years in Makk, knwn as the wrld's largest “flating slum(贫民窟)”, built n a lake in Lags, Nigeria. Okpe's father is a fisherman, and her mther sells smked fish.
As many as tw-thirds f the city's 21 millin residents live in slums. “Mst girls are trapped in a terrible cycle f pverty. Many f them are nt thinking f educatin, a plan fr the future,” Abisye Ajayi-Akinflarin, a cmputer prgrammer in Lags, recalls. But several times a week, girls like Okpe get a glimpse f anther wrld when they attend GirlsCding, a free prgram run by the Pearls Africa Fundatin that seeks t educate and excite girls abut cmputer prgramming. Since 2012, the grup has helped mre than 400 disadvantaged girls gain the technical skills and cnfidence they need t transfrm their lives.
2：What can we learn abut GirlsCding?
A.It encurages girls t land a jb in educatin.
B.It ffers Nigerian girls in need part-time jbs.
C.It helps girls wrking in Lags t fight pverty.
D.It teaches yung girls cmputer prgramming.
【解析】
考点：七大重点句。根据选段中的But several times a week, girls like Okpe get a glimpse f anther wrld when they attend GirlsCding, a free prgram run by the Pearls Africa Fundatin that seeks t educate and excite girls abut cmputer prgramming.可知,GirlsCding教年轻女孩计算机编程。故选D项。
（三）
It used t be the army that used small, unpilted aircraft, called “drnes”. The little planes were very cstly. But as they have drpped in price mre peple have begun t use them.
The fast rate f develpment f cmputer technlgy, image sensing equipment, satellite navigatin and smart phnes has led t lwer-priced drnes. Researchers and develpers have learned hw t build smaller and less cstly drnes. Nwadays, mvie-makers are using drnes t film frm the sky. Histrians use them when they explre ancient buildings. Rescue wrkers use them t lk fr peple. And nw farmers are als using them t watch ver their crps.
3：Why d rescue wrkers and farmers begin t use drnes?
A.Because they are affrdable nw.
B.Because their sizes have becme smaller.
C.Because they can save peple a lt f time.
D.Because the technlgy has been develped.
【解析】
考点：七大重点句。根据选段中“But as they have drpped in price mre peple have begun t use them.(但是随着它们价格的下降,更多的人开始使用它们)”可知,救援人员和农民开始使用无人机是因为人们现在买得起无人机了。故选A项。

一、知识梳理
我们在解答阅读理解题型时；是否需要通篇全读懂还是应该有侧重点地去理解文章中的重点信息呢。同时我们在看阅读理解解析的时候；也会看到解析中写着根据某段xxx可以得知答案应该选择某某项；而不会每道题目告诉我们要通读全文；所以；在解读阅读理解题型的时候，我们应该关注7大重点出题处以便帮助我们更快更好地解答阅读理解.
二、七大重点句讲解
1：从段落的角度来看
1：首段很重要；说明文和议论文这两种文章写作体裁一般会在开头段提出说明对象以及中心论点；所以首段一定要读懂；了解重点.
2：尾段很重要；记叙文这种文章体裁有时候会在尾段进行升华以及体现主旨；所以；尾段是我们应该重点了解的.
2：从句式的角度来看
1：转折句；转折之后是重点也是考察点；所以转折词but；hwever是我们应该重点关注的。
2：首句；很多时候段落首句相当于小标题；起着总领全段的作用；所以我们要重点研读段落首句；了解段落中心
3：解释说明符号：破折号和冒号是起着解释说明的作用；有时候中心句太难懂，我们可以根据破折号和冒号去理解中心句
4：强调句：这里说的强调句不仅仅指it‘强调句型；它的范围包括定语从句；名词性从句以及状语从句等
5：最高级：最高级不是很常见；但是如果在文段中或者选项中出现；我们也可以依靠它解题。
6：尾句；很多时候段落尾句相当于小标题；起着总结全段的作用有时候也会承上启下；；所以我们要重点研读段落尾句；了解段落中心
7：结论句：一般位于段尾或文章结尾

例题1：
Thugh the lack f attentin n P.E. is ften justified as an pprtunity t spend mre time in the classrm, studies shw that physical activity cntributes t imprved academic perfrmance. Regular activity during the schl day is strngly assciated with higher cncentratin levels. A statewide plicy in Nrth Carlina requires that children frm kindergarten t eighth grade participate in 30 minutes f physical activity each day.
1：Physical educatin is ignred in a way because .
A.children dislike taking physical activity
B.schls are wrried abut children's safety
C.students shuld have mre time fr study
D.less sprting equipment is available t schl children
解析：考点：七大重点句。 根据选段中“Thugh the lack f attentin n P.E. is ften justified as an pprtunity t spend mre time in the classrm, studies shw that physical activity cntributes t imprved academic perfrmance.(虽然体育课不受重视的理由往往是可以花更多的时间在课堂上,但研究表明,体育活动有助于提高学习成绩。)”可知,体育教育在某种程度上被忽视了,因为学生应该有更多的时间学习。故选C项。
例题2：Rmain Farux is a French businessman, whse father is a farmer. He believed drnes culd help farmers. He has helped create a cmpany which has develped a small drne that culd be cntrlled by peple n the grund. It's called “Agridrne”. It uses a special sensr t examine crps. The technlgy used n the drne is similar t that used n a smartphne—except it has wings. A cmputer prgram directs the drne t fly ver the crps. The sensr n the drne recrds fur different clred “bands” f sunlight that are reflected ff the crps.
2．What is the sensr n the drne mainly used fr?
A.Helping the sunlight shine n the crps.
B.Directing the wings t fly ver the crps.
C.Examining the different clrs f the crps.
D.Recrding the sunlight “bands” reflected ff the crps.
解析：根据选段最后一句The sensr n the drne recrds fur different clred “bands” f sunlight that are reflected ff the crps.可知,无人机上的传感器主要用于记录作物反射的阳光“光带”。故选D项。
例题3：But sme emplyers try t help their wrkers stick t their gals by ffering “wellness” prgrammes. One f the lngest-running examples began in 1979 at Jhnsn&Jhnsn (J&J), an American health-care cmpany. The plan prmtes weight lss, smking quitting and effrts t reduce bld pressure. The firm claimed it reduced medical csts by $400 an emplyee per year, and resulted in fewer wrkers suffering frm heart disease r high bld pressure.
Yet an examinatin f the data by Martin Cherniack f the University f Cnnecticut fund that in 2005—2008, a sharp jump in alchl use, depressin and stress amng J&J emplyees ccurred. This cincided with a perid when the firm had a target f lifting prductivity by 9% a year. S the emplyees might have been leaner and fitter, but it is pssible that wrkplace pressure t prduce mre meant greater stress.
3：What des the authr want t tell us by the example f Jhnsn&Jhnsn?
A.A healthy lifestyle can cntribute t higher prductivity.
B.Caring fr emplyees' physical health is f great imprtance.
C.A health prgram is nt enugh t imprve emplyee well-being.
D.A wellness prgram benefits bth the cmpany and the emplyees.
解析：考点：七大重点句。根据选段中的第一句“但一些雇主试图通过提供健康计划来帮助员工坚持自己的目标。”及下一段中的第一句“然而,康涅狄格大学的马丁·切尔尼克对这些数据进行的一次审查发现,在2005年至2008年期间,强生员工中饮酒、抑郁和压力的比例急剧上升。”可推知,作者想通过Jhnsn&Jhnsn的例子告诉我们健康计划不足以改善员工的健康状况。故选C项。
例题4： I was brn in the state f Michacán. I was brn in a small twn called Quince. Life there was simple and peaceful. There was a small market where we wuld g n Sundays. There was a crral where we wuld g and watch rdes. After schl, my friends and I wuld g fr a swim in a creek. My mm did nt wrk; she stayed at hme taking care f ur family. Life in Quince was nice, but mney was smetimes nt enugh t supprt us.
In 1996, the day came when my dad decided t bring us t the United States. Leaving my twn was hard, but it was imprtant that my family stay tgether. When I left Mexic, I had a lt f special friends and nice teachers.
4：Why did the family mve t the US?
A．Because they were in need f mre mney.
B．Because the mther fund n peace in Quince.
C．Because they wanted t experience a new culture.
D．Because the authr culd have new friends.
解析：考点：七大重点句。根据选段Life in Quince was nice, but mney was smetimes nt enugh t supprt us(在Quince的生活很好，但钱有时不足以维持我们的生活)可知，作者全家搬到美国，因为他们需要更多的钱。故选A。

（A）
It can be a real struggle trying t learn a new language. I had always enjyed learning languages in schl, but nly recently did I start learning German. I fund that I culd understand and learn individual wrds easily, but when it came t literature, I really struggled. That was when my tutr at university suggested reading sme children's bks printed in the target language.
1：Why was the authr advised t read children's bks?
A.Because she was weak in reading great wrks.
B.Because she was slw t learn languages.
C.Because she liked children's literature.
D.Because she culdn't remember any wrds.
解析：考点：七大重点句。根据选段的第三、四句:I fund that I culd understand and learn individual wrds easily, but when it came t literature, I really struggled. That was when my tutr at university suggested reading sme children's bks printed in the target language.可知,作者只能轻松地理解单个的字词,理解不了文学作品,所以她的导师建议她看一些用目标语言写的儿童书。故选A项。
（B）
Easier said than dne, f curse. I didn't realize that I wuld spend the next five years perfecting my design, a prcess that resulted in 5,127 different prttypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prttype, my third child was brn. By 2,627, my wife and I were really cunting ur pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessns fr sme extra cash, and we were getting further and further int debt. These were tugh times, but each failure brught me clser t slving the prblem.
1：What des Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A.The help frm the authr's wife. B.The financial prblems f the family.
C.The tugh prcess f the new inventin. D.The prcedure fr making a bagless cleaner.
解析： 考点：七大重点句。根据选段中首句Easier said than dne, f curse.(当然,说起来容易做起来难。)和最后一句These were tugh times, but each failure brught me clser t slving the prblem.(这其中有很多艰难的时刻,但每一次失败都让我离解决问题更近了一步。)点明作者发明无袋吸尘器艰难的过程。故选C项。
（C）
Nw it's his jy and renewed purpse t track and save the peregrine falcn and the bald eagle—tw species nearly wiped ut by the chemicals used fr killing pests. It's hard physical wrk fr anyne, which needs patience, keen bservatin skills and time. But Vallieres is a natural fr it, because his military training made him a perfect match, especially in reading maps and navigating.
1．Why is Vallieres suitable fr the vlunteer wrk?
A.Fr his habit f reading. B.Fr his experience in army.
C.Fr his devtin t career. D.Fr his talent in drawing maps.
解析： 根据文章选段最后一句But Vallieres is a natural fr it, because his military training made him a perfect match, especially in reading maps and navigating.可以推断出他曾经在军队的经历让他十分适合这份志愿者活动。故选B项。

（A）
Of curse, there had been times as a yung man, when I gt tired f study and devted my time t playing. Then Father wuld admnish me succinctly by quting a saying frm Shakespeare, “If all the year were playing hlidays, t sprt wuld be as tedius (乏味的)as t wrk.” Obviusly, his effrts were nt entirely in vain, fr my vice has enabled me t earn a fair livelihd. But that fact desn't begin t define the enrmus debt I we my father.
1：What may be the best title fr the passage?
A.A Successful SchlarB.Enrmus Debt
C.Secrets f My Livelihd D.Father and Sn
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。由选段最后一句“But that fact desn't begin t define the enrmus debt I we my father.(但这个事实并不能解释我欠父亲的巨额债务。)”以及文章主要内容为作者讲述自己的父亲对自己的影响好比是自己亏欠了父亲巨额债务,可知B选项“巨额债务”符合文章标题。故选B项。
（B）
“It was an artistic chice;the thing was just big enugh t hld her, and nt big enugh t hld him,” Camern said. “I think it's all kind f silly, really, that we're having this discussin 20 years later. But it des shw that the film is effective in making Jack s endearing t the audience that it hurts them t see him die. The film is abut death and separatin; he has t die.”
1：Accrding t Camern, why did the audience argue abut Jack's death fr 20 years?
A.They are fragile peple. B.They dn't like the mvie.
C.They lve the character Jack. D.They are crazy abut physics.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段中的“But it des shw that the film is effective in making Jack s endearing t the audience that it hurts them t see him die.”可知这部电影有效地把Jack塑造得如此受观众喜爱,以至于看到他死去会让他们感到心痛。由此可知,根据卡梅隆的说法,观众们为Jack的死争论了20年是因为他们喜欢Jack这个角色。故选C项。
（C）
But her trainers were wrried. Her riginal mving way prevented her frm grwing prperly. Then Kevin Carrll, a dlphin lver and maker f prsthetic limbs (假肢) fr peple, stepped in. With a team f experts, vets, and trainers, Kevin develped a new tail fr Winter. Winter was retrained t use the device t swim prperly, and with lts f hard wrk she did it!
1：What made the trainers wrried?
A.Winter's relatinship with Panama. B.Winter's ppularity with visitrs.
C.The effect f the damage n Winter. D.Winter's mving style like ther dlphins.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段的“But her trainers were wrried. Her riginal mving way prevented her frm grwing prperly.(但它的训练员很担心,它最初的移动方式妨碍了它的正常成长)”可知,训练员担心小海豚的伤最终会对它的成长造成影响。故选C项。
（D）
“There were times when I felt like it wuld be easiest if I gave up, ”the 18­year­ld said. “But it was never in me t give up, because I realized that I was never ging t be successful unless I gt an educatin.”Even befre Dawn’s family left her, she led a difficult life.Her family was pr and cups f ndles were ften the nly fd. Dawn “studied by candlelight” because her parents culdn’t affrd t pay the electricity bill(电费).
1：Which f the fllwing wrds describes Dawn?
A．Open-minded. B．Gd-natured.
C．Strng-willed. D．Warm-hearted
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段的““There were times when I felt like it wuld be easiest if I gave up, ”the 18­year­ld said. “But it was never in me t give up, because I realized that I was never ging t be successful unless I gt an educatin.”(“有时候我觉得放弃最容易，”这位18­岁的­女孩说。“但我从来没有放弃过，因为我意识到，除非我接受教育，否则我永远不会成功 )”以及第六段的“Even befre Dawn’s family left her, she led a difficult life. Her family was pr and cups f ndles were ften the nly fd. Dawn “studied by candlelight” because her parents culdn’t affrd t pay the electricity bill(电费).(甚至在Dawn的家人离开她之前，她过着艰难的生活，她的家庭很穷，一杯面条往往是唯一的食物。Dawn在烛光下学习，因为她的父母付不起电费)”可推断，虽然生活艰难，但是Dawn依然坚持学习，从不放弃，因此推断她是一个很意志坚强的人。因此，C项“Strng-willed(意志坚强的)”符合题意。故选C项。
（E）
The schl bus driver learned abut Dawn’s situatin and invited Dawn t mve in with her family. Sn, Dawn had a jb at Burns High Schl.She wrked frm 6 a. m.t 7：40 a. m.befre the first schl bell rang.She swept flrs and picked up trash again in the afternns, befre diving int her studies in the evenings.
Dawn’s hard wrk paid ff.She finished schl with a 3.9 GPA and scred 2, 110 n the SAT.
“There were times when I felt like it wuld be easiest if I gave up, ”the 18­year­ld said. “But it was never in me t give up, because I realized that I was never ging t be successful unless I gt an educatin.”
1：Why didn’t Dawn give up her studies?
A．T recnnect with her family.
B．T thank thse wh had helped her.
C．T get an educatin t be successful.
D．T realize her dream f ging t Harvard.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段“But it was never in me t give up, because I realized that I was never ging t be successful unless I gt an educatin.(但我从不放弃，因为我意识到，除非我接受了教育，否则我永远不会成功)”可知，Dawn认为，只有接受了教育才能成功。因此，Dawn不放弃学业的原因是C项“T get an educatin t be successful(为了获得成功的教育)”符合题意。故选C项。
（F）
With schls clsed in the UK during the COVID-19 utbreak, mst children must nw be hme schled. Parents have fund themselves nt nly having t balance wrk and the children at hme but als having t try and teach them. Hw can yu keep yur children fcused while learning?
1：Wh is the text intended fr?
A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Caches.D.Parents.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段中Parents have fund themselves nt nly having t balance wrk and the children at hme but als having t try and teach them. Hw can yu keep yur children fcused while learning?可知,本文是写给家长的。故选D项。
（G）
When Sally Millspp, 53, with her 17-year-ld daughter, Eleanr, participated in Race fr Life in 2019. She had n idea if she wuld get t see her mther Jennifer Earnshaw again, wh was desperately ill with a frm f lung cancer, but she encuraged the pair t take part in the event as she knew the fundraising wuld help thers.
1：What d we knw abut Jennifer Earnshaw?
A.She used t take part in Race Fr Life.
B.She had a sense f scial respnsibility.
C.She died withut seeing Sally and Eleanr.
D.She wrried abut her cancer's influence n Sally.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段的 Earnshaw again, wh was desperately ill with a frm f lung cancer, but she encuraged the pair t take part in the event as she knew the fundraising wuld help thers.(……Jennifer Earnshaw病得很严重,得了肺癌,但是当她知道这个筹款能帮助他人的时候,她鼓励她们去参加这个活动。)可知,Jennifer Earnshaw是一个具有社会责任感的人。故选B项。
（H）
In 1998, dePala tld a radi reprter that he hped t recgnize children fr all their natural abilities. “As a grwn-up,” he said, “I want t give children the credit fr everything I can: their curage, their humr, their lve, their intellectual abilities, their abilities t be fair, and their abilities t be unfair. But I d wish that we grwn-ups wuld give children lts f credit fr these temprary kinds f qualities that they have.”
1：What did dePala think children needed?
A.Adults' apprval. B.Varius abilities.
C.Majr imprvement. D.Superir qualities.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据文章最后一段“But I d wish that we grwn-ups wuld give children lts f credit fr these temprary kinds f qualities that they have” 但我确实希望我们这些成年人能够给予孩子们更多的信任。所以这里孩子们需要的是大人的支持。故选A项。
（I）
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in it —the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
1：What made the chick calm dwn?
A. A new nest. B. Sme fd. C. A recrding. D. Its parents.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段“I placed the chick in it —the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.内容可知；是鸟巢让雏鸟冷静下来的故选A项。
（J）
I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all — LUNCH! The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
1：Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humrus. D. It’s discuraging.
参考解析
考点：七大重点句。根据选段中的 Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.；A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! 可见；自然在对我们微笑克制答案选B。
目录
内容
Sectin A
高考真题练手
Sectin B
解题技巧及步骤梳理
Sectin C
例题练习及讲解
Sectin D
课堂限时训练
Sectin E
课后练习巩固