初中英语外研版 (新标准)八年级下册Module 3 Journey to spaceUnit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet课

这是一份初中英语外研版 (新标准)八年级下册Module 3 Journey to spaceUnit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet课前预习ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了Lead in，天体系统的层次，银 河 系，Phrase，学以致用，Exercises，Summary等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Learning Targets
★ Key wrds & phrases:nne, envirnment, that, slar, system, grup, galaxy, universe, light, impssible, ut, cmmunicate, slr system, billins f, in space, cmmunicate with ★ Key sentences:1. Hwever, we have nt fund life n any ther planets yet.
2. Nne f them has an envirnment like that f the earth…3. Scientists have als discvered many ther galaxies in the universe.4. Hwever, n spaceship has travelled far enugh t reach ther stars in ur Galaxy.★ D the drills.
1. Hw many planets are there in ur slar system?
2. Is there any life n ther planets?
Put the wrds and expressins in the bx in rder: small – large.
galaxy, planet, slar system,star, universe
1. planet 2. star 3. slar system4. galaxy 5. universe
The Milky Way Galaxy
银河系主体部分的直径约为10万光年
银河系有太阳这样的恒星2000多亿颗
The slar system
Mercury 水星
Jupiter 木星
Neptune 海王星
Revise the new wrds
1.[nʌn] 2[ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 3. [ðæt] 4. ['səʊlə(r)] 5. ['sɪstəm] 6. [ɡru:p] 7. ['ɡæləksɪ] 8. [ˈju:nɪvɜ:s] 9. [laɪt] 10. [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 11. [aʊt] 12. [kə'mju:nɪkeɪt]
nneenvirnmentthatslarsystemslar systemgrupgalaxyuniverselightimpssibleutcmmunicate
prn.没有一人n.环境prn.那，那个adj.太阳的n.系统，体系星系，太阳系n.群，组n.星系n.宇宙n.光/光线/光亮 adj.不可能的adv.在远方v.联系，交流
没有一人；没有一个； 一点儿也没有
adj.太阳的;与太阳有关的
slar system
Wrds and expressins
n. 光；光线；光亮
adj. 办不到的, 不可能的
adv. 在远方
The sun and its planets are called _____________
The earth is a ______ and it ges arund the sun. _______ ther planets g arund the Sun.
the slar system 太阳系
the Galaxy / the Milky Way 银河系
There are _________ stars in the Milky Way.
Our slar system is a small part f ____________.
the Milky Way = the Galaxy 银河系
It is __________ t imagine. 宇宙
Scientists have discvered many ther _________ in the universe.
S hw large the universe is?
Shenzhu-9 is a manned spaceship.
1 Wrk in pairs. Lk at the picture and talk abut what yu knw abut Chinese spaceships.
Reading and vcabulary
Presentatin
When yu read a passage with a title and pictures, think abut the wrds yu may find in the passage, and the questins yu may want t ask befre yu start t read.
Learning t learn
2 Read the passage and chse the best title fr it.
Anyne ut there? Life n the earth 3. The sun and ther stars 4. The stars at night
________________________________
Scientists think that there has been life n the earth fr hundreds f millins f years. Hwever, we have nt fund life n any ther planets yet.
1. Anyne ut there?
The 1st Paragraph. Questins:
1.Hw lng has there been life n the earth? 2.Have we fund life n any ther planets yet?
There has been life n the earth fr hundreds f millins f years.
N, we haven’t.
The earth is a planet and it ges arund the sun. Seven ther planets als g arund the sun. Nne f them has an envirnment like that f the earth, s scientists d nt think they will find life n them. The sun and its planets are called the slar system, and ur slar system is a small part f a much larger grup f stars and planets, called the Galaxy r the Milky Way.
1.What is called the slar system? What is it?2.Hw many planets are there in the slar system?3. Why dn’t scientists think they’ll find life n the ther planets?
The sun and its planets are called the slar system.
It is a small part f the Galaxy / the Milky Way.
The 2nd Paragraph. Questins:
There are eight planets.
Because nne f them has an envirnment like that f the earth.
There are billins f stars in the Galaxy, andur sun is nly ne f them. Scientists have als discvered many ther galaxies in the universe. They are very far away and their light has t travel fr many years t reach us. S hw large is the universe? It is impssible t imagine.
What have scientists discvered?2. Why is it impssible t imagine hw large the universe is?
They’ve discvered many ther galaxies in the universe.
Because they are very far away and their light has t travel fr many years t reach us.
The 3rd Paragraph. Questins:
Scientists have sent spaceships t the planet Mars t take phts. They have even sent spaceships t travel utside the slar system. Hwever, n spaceship has travelled far enugh t reach ther stars in ur Galaxy.
Our galaxy (The _____ _____)
Other ________(mre than 200 ______ stars)
The ______ ______
Other ______have n ______ ,s peple and things can’t _________.
Sme _________ have gne ______ the slarsyetem.
Milky Way
slar system
planets air grw
spacecraft beynd
Scientists have ____________________ the planet Mars t ____________. They have even sent spaceships t ______________ the slar system. Hwever, n spaceship has travelled _______________________ ther stars in ur Galaxy.
The 4th Paragraph.
sent spaceships t
travel utside
far enugh t reach
Scientists have always asked the questins: with s many stars in the universe, are we alne, r is there life ut there in space? Have there been visitrs t the earth frm ther planets? Why has n ne cmmunicated with us? We d nt knw the answers... yet.
1. The earth is a star. □2. The sun is a star. □3. There is mre than ne galaxy in the universe. □
3 Check (√) the true sentences.
4. The light frm the stars in ther galaxies has travelled fr a lng time t reach us. □5. Scientists have received many messages frm space. □6. Spaceships have visited mst f the universe. □
Is there life n ther planets? There are seven ther planets in ur (1) ___________ ,but (2) _____ f them has a(n) (3)___________ like that f the earth. Spaceships frm the
4 Cmplete the passage with the wrds and expressin in the bx.
cmmunicate envirnment nne slar system universe
earth have dne surveys f the ther planets, but they have nt fund any life there. Why has n ne frm ther planets tried t (4) ____________ with us? It is true that scientists have nt discvered life n ther planets in the (5) _________ yet, but sme scientists believe that they will find it sme day.
01.hundreds f 成百上千的;数以百计的02.thusand f 成千上万的03.millins f 数以百万计的04.g arund 围着…转05.dn’t think 认为…不06.nne f 没有一个（三者或三者以上） neither f（两者）07.ne f …之一08.discver 发现09.far away 遥远10.It’s impssible t imagine 是不可以想象的11.send…t… 把…发送到…12.far enugh 足够的远13.reach 到达；够着14.ask the questins 问问题15.alne 独自一人16.lnely 孤独的17.cmmunicate with 与…沟通18.In space/the universe/the Galaxy19.On the earth/Mars/Mn20.Find-fund-fund
6 Lk at the picture frm a science stry fr children and answer the questins.
What have the scientists just received?(a message frm ne f ur spaceships)They have just received a message frm ne f ur spaceships.Where has the spaceship landed? (Mars)2. What has the spaceship discvered? (peple n Mars)
The spaceship has landed n Mars.
The spaceship has discvered peple n Mars.
3. Why have the peple n Mars nt sent us a message? (d nt knw hw t)4. Why have the peple n Mars nt visited us n the earth? (d nt knw hw t)
Because they d nt knw hw t sent a message t us.
Because they d nt knw hw t get t the earth.
6 Write a passage t describe the picture. Use yur answers t the questins in Activity 5 t help yu.
We have just received a message frm ur spaceship t Mars…
We have just received a message frm ur spaceship t Mars. Our spaceship has discvered aliens there. They have never sent us a message because they dn't knw hw t cmmunicate with us. They have nt visited the earth because they dn't knw hw t fly t ur planet, and they prefer life n Mars. They seem very happy n their wn planet. They have used parts frm the ther spaceships frm the earth t make TVs, radis, etc. We hpe they dn't d the same with this ne!
One pssible versin
there be 就近原则：be 动词与和它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。there be 时态there will be 或There is / are ging t bethere is a bank and sme pens n the desk.there has been life n the
Language pints
Scientists think that there has been life n the earth fr hundreds f millins f years.科学家认为地球上的生命已存在了数亿年。 hundreds f millins f 数亿……例：We paid hundreds f millins f dllars in taxes. 我们交纳了数亿美元的税金。
数词在表示模糊数目的短语中用复数形式，且后面要加上f。hundreds f 数以百计的thusands f 数以千计的millins f 数以百万计的billins f 数以亿计的, 数十亿的
百、千、百万、十亿如果和具体数字连用，百、千、百万、十亿须用单数形式。例：six hundred tw thusand nine millin seven billin
1. It is said that the disease has killed mre than________ peple wrldwide. A. tw hundreds B. tw hundreds’ C. tw hundred’s D. tw hundred2. ______ Chinese are lking fr ways t learn English well. A. Thusand B. Thusands C. Thusand f D. Thusands f
The earth is a planet and it ges arund the sun. Seven ther planets als g arund the sun. 地球是颗行星，它围绕着太阳转。此外还有七颗行星也围绕着太阳转。1) 七颗行星指的是：水星（Mercury)、金星 (Venus)、火星(Mars)、木星 (Jupiter)、土星（Saturn)、天王星 (Uranus)和海王星(Neptune)。
2) g arund绕着……运转例：The earth ges arund the Sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 Let's g arund the twn, nt thrugh it. 我们绕过这城镇吧，不要穿过去了。
3) ther/the ther/thers/anther这几个相类似的词容易弄混淆，其实意思大相径庭。ther其它的（人或物）, 后面经常跟可数名词复数形式；We haven’t fund life n ther planets yet.thers其它的人或物（已经包括在内）, 后面不能跟名词，本身就含有名词的含义；thers =ther+n.Give me sme thers.
the ther（两者中的）另一个,后面不可跟复数形式；例：He has tw daughters. One is a teacher, the ther is a dctr. 他有两个女儿，一个是老师，另一个是医生。（有且只有两个，两者中的另一个）
anther另一个（表示数量不确定，或表示数量超过了两个）, 后面也不可跟复数形式。例：Wuld yu like anther cup f tea? 你要再来有一杯茶吗？（泛指再来一杯）
1. I ‘ve gt tw pens.One is blue and is red.A. ther B.the ther C. thers D.anther2.I dn't like these hats. wuld yu shw me ne?A. ther B.the ther C. thers D.anther
3.I have five cats.One is black and are white.A. ther B.the ther C. thers D.the thers
als adv. 也，同样；而且（不与否定式动词连用）例：She speaks French and German and als a little Russian. 她会说法语、德语，还会说一点儿俄语。 He is yung and gd-lking, and als very rich. 他又年轻又帅气，而且还很富有。 I teach five days a week and I als teach evening classes. 我每星期教五天，而且还教晚上的课。
比较：als/t/as wellals, t, as well都指句中有关词语与前面提到的事物相结合或相一致，这三个词语的雅俗程度和在句中的位置有所不同。 als含较庄重色彩，通常用于主要动词之前（但若主要动词为be，则放于其后）
例：I’ve met Jane and I’ve als met her mther. 我已经见到了简，我也见到了她的母亲。 She was rich, and she was als selfish. 她很富，她也很自私。t和as well比较通俗，通常用于从句的句尾。例：I’ve read the bk and I’ve seen the film as well/t.我看过这本书，也看过这部电影。
3. Nne f them has an envirnment like that f the earth… 没有一颗行星拥有与地球一样的环境……
nne 英 [nʌn] 美 [nʌn] prn. 没有人；没有任何东西；一个也没有adj. 没有的，一点没有的adv. 决不，一点也不 用作代词，以下用法要注意1.可指可数名词，也可指不可数名词。注：指可数名词时，只能指三者或三者以上，不能指两者。如：正：Neither f my parents went the我父母都没去那儿。误：Nne f my parents went there.
2.用于“nne f+名词”结构时，该名词前必须要用表特指的限定词（如the,my,these等)，如：He likes nne f these bk. 这些书他一本也不喜欢。Nne f the fd was left. 没剩一点食物。
(1)如果Nne f +复数名词做主语时,后面动词用单复数均可,但一般用复数. Nne f us enjy getting up early. 我们中间没人喜欢早起。 Nne f the telephnes is (或 are) wrking. 电话中没有一部不是坏的。 (2)如果Nne f +不可数单数名词,后面动词只能用单数. Nne f that mney n the table is mine. 桌上没有一分钱是我的。
也可以理解为：Nne f them were aware f the danger. 他们都没有意识到危险。（nne指代可数名词，强调整体性，谓语用复数形式） Nne f the mney is his. 这些钱没有他的份儿。（nne指代不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）
[辨析] nne n ne nting 1.n ne1)只能指人，但不具体指什么人。不与f连用2)谓语动词用单数；3表示“什么人也没有”，一般用来回答wh,及含anyne,anybdy引起的疑问句如:1)N ne likes a persn with bad manmers2)-Wh is in the rm? -N ne.
[辨析] nne n ne nting 2.Nthing1)指物；2谓语用单数；3)一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊疑问句。如:1)-What is in the bx? -Nthing. 2)-Is there anything in the sky? -Nthing.
[辨析] nne n ne nting 3.nne1)可与f连用，具体指什么人与物；2)谓语动词用单或复数；Eg.Nne f us have/has seen him.3)暗示一种数量，即指数量上“一个也没有”一般用来回答hw many+n,hw much+n及含有any +n引起的疑问句。如:-Hw many students are there in the rm? -Nne. -Is there any water in the cup? -Nne.
——Tw tickets fr Sunday，please!——Srry，There is ＿＿＿ left.（2018年江苏常州中考题）A. nthingB. nneC. smeD. anything
答题思路解析从选项可知，本题考的是不定代词的用法。从句中的srry可知，后面应该是表示否定的意思。一般情况下，sme/smething用于肯定句中，any/anything用于否定句和疑问句中，可以排除C。选项D的意思与题意不符，也可排除。本题的题干如果还原为疑问句，应该用hw many提问，问的是还有多少tickets（票），因此，答案为B（详解下有）。
选择适当的单词完成句子。 1. _____ f us has been t Egypt.2. ______ can d the difficult jb.
—Hw heavily it rained this early mrning! —Yes. But ________ f the students in ur class was late fr schl. A. sme B. nne C. all D. neither
... and ur slar system is a small part f a much larger grup f stars and planets, called the Galaxy r the Milky Way.……我们的太阳系只是一个由恒星和行星组成的星系的一小部分，这个星系比太阳系大得多，称作银河系或银河。 这里的the Galaxy专指“银河系”，也可以 称作the Milky Way。而galaxy则泛指“星系”。例：Scientists have discvered a distant galaxy. 科学家发现了一个遥远的星系。
本句中called the Galaxy r the Milky Way为过去分词短语做定语，修饰a much larger grup f stars and planets。类似的例子还有：They have a tw-year-ld sn called Mike. 他们有一个两岁的儿子叫迈克。
Hwever, n spaceship has travelled far enugh t reach ther stars in ur Galaxy. 然而，还没有任何航天器能到达银河系 里的其他恒星。形容词/副词 + enugh t d表示“到达……程度，会发生某结果”。例：He is ld enugh t g t schl. 他到上学的年龄了。 He gt up early enugh t catch the first bus. 他起得很早，赶上了首班车。
6. ... with s many stars in the universe, are we alne, r is there life ut there in space? ……宇宙中有这么多星球，我们是孤独的 吗，抑或太空中还有其他生命存在呢？这里with s many stars in the universe是介 词短语，在句中作状语。with + 名词 + 介词短语,在句中做状语，表示伴随情况。例：With s many things t d, we have n time t play. 要做的事情这么多，我们都没时间玩了。
alne adj.单独的；独自的。作形容词时不作定语只作表语, 也可作副词。意思是“独自地”。例：I dn’t like ging ut alne after dark. 我不喜欢天黑后独自外出。比较：alne/lnelyalne表示独自一人；lnely表示心灵上的孤单。例：Althugh I’m alne, I dn’t feel lnely. 虽然我独自一人，但是我不感到孤单。
根据汉语提示完成单词。1. Linda’s parents are ut. She has t stay at hme _________ (独自地).2. The ld man lives with his dg in the big huse and he feels very ________(寂寞的).
[辨析]alne与lnely的区别
alne侧重于说明独自一人,没有人陪伴, 不强调主观感情；而lnely形容人时, 则表示情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”, 常作表语。如：
He was very lnely after his wife left. 他妻子离开后，他很孤独。She feels very lnely. 她感觉很孤独。
1. In the wrld ___ peple like watching TV. A. millins f B. tw millins C. tw millin f D. tw millin f
2. Basketball is such a ppular game in the wrld that ____ peple play it fr fun and exercise. A. millin f   B. millins f   C. millins   D. tw millins f
3. ___ girls tk part in the Super Girl Cmpetitin, but nly a few f them succeeded.   A. One millin f   B. Millins f   C. Tw millins D. Tw millin f4. Every year ____ peple in this cuntry lse their jbs. A. many millins   B. millins f   C. millins   D. tw millins
5. The spaceship ______ will g arund the earth in 2005 will be called Shenzhu Ⅶ. A. which B. wh C. whm D. what 6. After playing ftball fr mre than half an hur, the students tk _____ rest.A. a few minute’s B. a few minutes’ C. a little minute’s D. a little
7. —Hw heavily it rained this early mrning! —Yes. But ________ f the students in ur class was late fr schl. A. sme B. nne C. all D. neither 8. I tried several jackets n, but ____ f them lked gd. A. bth   B. either   C. nne   D. neither
1. 地球是行星，它围绕太阳运转。 The Earth is a planet and it_____________ the Sun.2. 为什么不把书带回来？ ____________________ the bk?3. 没有一个学生去过英国。 _______ the students __________ England.
Why nt bring back
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
4. 完成今天的作业不容易。 _______________ tday’s hmewrk.5. 我刚读过有关火星的书。 I ____________ bks _____ Mars.6. 从其他星系到我们这里要花费很多年。 It _____ many years _______ us frm ther galaxies.
It’s hard t finish
have just read abut
takes t reach
1. We learn sme new phrases such as: hundreds f millins f, g Key sentence patterns: Scientists think that there has been life n the earth fr hundreds f millins f years. ...